International Journal of Computer Engineering and Technology (IJCET), ISSN 0976-6367(Print), INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTER ENGINEERING & ISSN

0976 - 6375(Online), Volume 4, Issue 6, November - December (2013), IAEME

TECHNOLOGY (IJCET)

ISSN 0976 6367(Print) ISSN 0976 6375(Online) Volume 4, Issue 6, November - December (2013), pp. 299-313 IAEME: www.iaeme.com/ijcet.asp Journal Impact Factor (2013): 6.1302 (Calculated by GISI) www.jifactor.com

IJCET
IAEME

PRO-MINING: PRODUCT RECOMMENDATION USING WEB-BASED OPINION MINING

Rashid Ali College of Computers and Information Technology, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia

ABSTRACT Effective recommendation is the key to success of any online marketing strategy. In this paper, we discuss the design and development of a novel recommendation system for consumer products. The proposed system helps the customer to select product of his choice. When a prospective customer passes a query (name of the item) as an input to our system, our system returns a ranked list of suitable brands, models available for a particular item as an output. For this purpose, our system performs meta-searching to find top products on the basis of collected opinion/information from user blogs, customer reviews, and official websites of the producing companies. Then, the available data along with links to its sources is passed to a group of users and their feedback is obtained. Since different users may provide different ranking of products on basis of their views/understanding of opinion data, we perform rank aggregation to obtain a consensus ranking of products. The products are then returned in the order of the aggregated ranking. In this paper, we also present a novel rank aggregation method for aggregation of partial lists. 1. INTRODUCTION Online shopping is very much popular nowadays. With the increased number of individuals connected to Internet, the interest in online shopping is also increasing day by day. As a result new online shopping sites are coming into existence. In online shopping, a customer visits an online shopping site; search for items of his interest and buys the product. The popular online shopping sites like amazon.com and ebay.com sell many items. For a single item, there are many brands and models available. This increases the burden on the shoulder of the customer as he has to select a product of his interest from a large number of products. Product recommendation systems try to reduce a customers burden by predicting products in which the customer might be interested. The earlier product recommendation systems generally used collaborative filtering to recommend products to the customer. Collaborative filtering identifies previous customers whose interests were similar to
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those of a given customer and recommends products to the given customer that was liked by previous customers. But, the recommender systems based on collaborative filtering were reported to have some serious problems [1, 2] and provided poor recommendation. The quality of the recommendations has an important effect on the customers future shopping behavior. If an online shopping site recommends products that are not to be liked by the customer, the customer may be annoyed and it is unlikely that he will visit the site again [2]. The situation may be evaded if the online shopping site efficiently identifies target customers, who are likely to buy recommended products, and recommends products only to them. Some of the studies [3] proposed to use web usage data like click stream to understand users interest. Click stream is record of the customers browsing behavior at an online shopping website. The proper analysis of the provided information like what products they see, what product they add to the shopping cart or what products they buy, may help to understand accurately the customers needs and interests. Accordingly, suitable products may be recommended to the customer. One novel approach to product recommendation is to use public opinions to recommend products. This is more likely to satisfy customers as this is the natural way of recommendation. It is a common practice that whenever a person intends to buy an item, he seeks the opinions of his friends or relatives on different products and in turn gets recommendation for specific products. Nowadays, opinions on different products are available online in form of user reviews, blogs etc. If the recommender systems could effectively extract and analyze opinions from the online opinion sources, the proper products may be recommended to the customers. As there are hundreds of opinion sources available on the Web, search engines may be utilized to find and summarize opinions on a specific product. Since there are many publicly available search engines, which use different indexing algorithms, have different coverage of the Web, and provide different search results in response to same query, metasearching may be performed to obtain overall better results. In this paper, we propose to use metasearching for the purpose of product search and recommendation. The different contribution of the paper may be listed as follows: 1. Analysis of the limits and problems of existing recommendation techniques. 2. Development of a robust product recommendation system, which is based on meta-searching and opinion mining of various opinion resources (like user reviews, Blogs etc.). 3. Development of a rank aggregation technique for partial lists The rest of the paper is organized as follows. In the section 2, we discuss relevant work in the area of product recommendation. In section 3, we discuss details of our approach and present the architecture of the product recommendation system. We present our experimental results in section 4. Finally, we conclude in section 5. 2. RELATED WORK A number of studies have been performed in the area of product recommendation. In the earlier studies, researchers used collaborative filtering in a number of different applications such as recommending web pages, articles etc. [4, 5 ]. Since, collaborative filtering has some serious problems, researchers considered to use Web mining techniques for product recommendation. Majority of works on product recommendation that used Web mining techniques are found to be based on Web usage mining. Web usage mining [3] is the process of extraction of useful patterns from web usage data. Cho et al. proposed a personalized recommendation system based on Web usage mining in [6]. In [7], Kim et al. also proposed personalized recommendation based on Web usage mining. Their method was more focused on the problem of helping customers to obtain recommendation only about the products they would like to buy. Zeng in [8] also discussed the
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development of a personalized product recommendation system based on customers click streams. The recommender system mined the customer preference and product association automatically mined click streams of customers. All of the above studies on product recommendation performed the task from seller's point of view. They provided the user with the recommendation of products that are being sold on a particular online store. They did not provide the user the choice of having information also about the products that were not available on the particular online store. To provide the recommendation from consumer's point of view, we need to extract opinions of other consumers about different products. With the availability of a good number of opinion resources in form of online news, forums, blogs and reviews, this task may be easily performed. We need to extract the opinion which is scattered over the Web. These extracted opinions may be then used to recommend different products. Although opinion mining has been performed in many studies but in very few studies, opinion mining has been used for product recommendation. In [9], Hu and Liu performed opinion extraction by considering three subtasks namely (i) extraction of Subject (the product itself), (ii) aspect (the attributes or features of the product), and (iii) semantic-orientation (either positive or negative). In [10], Popescu and Etzioni annotated Hu and Liu's corpus with tags. In [11], Aciar et al. used prioritized consumer product reviews to make product recommendations. Scaffidi et al. in [12] discussed the implementation of a prototype system called Red Opal to score each product on each feature for the users to locate products rapidly based on features. Sohail et al. in [13] discussed the use of opinion mining for book recommendation. A good discussion on other related work on product recommendation can be seen in [14]. In this paper, we propose to use human intelligence to extract opinion from different reviews/Blogs. Then, we rank the products on the basis of the results of the user feedback based opinion mining and recommend the products in that order. 3. PRODUCT RECOMMENDATION USING USER FEEDBACK BASED OPINION MINING Here, we propose an original method for project recommendation that performs user feedback based metasearching of opinion resources. Our system incorporates human intelligence in order to achieve high performance in product recommendation. It aims to provide customer satisfaction through the development of a user feedback based recommendation technique. We faced many challenges to accomplish this work. One of these challenges was the selection of proper consumer products. There are many consumer products and we have selected a few to develop the prototype. Another was the variation of presence/availability of opinion resources, (Blogs, user reviews, news etc.) on the Web for different products. We have reformulated the customers query in order to search and collect suitable opinion resources for the specified item. The third challenge was to present the content of opinion resources in suitable format before the customer in order to collect his feedback efficiently. We obtained user feedback on different products by providing them the products with links to their reviews. The fourth and most important challenge was to collate different users feedback when we received two different opinions (opposite to one another) for the same product. For this, we developed and used a proper rank aggregation method. In the following sub-sections, we briefly discuss the processes of (i) Query refinement and Reformulation, (ii) Metasearching, (iii) Opinion Mining (iv) User feedback based opinion mining and (v) Rank Aggregation techniques, which are being used in the proposed product recommendation technique. Finally, we present the overall architecture of our proposed system.

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3.1 Query Refinement and Reformulation The process of changing a query with an objective of obtaining the better search results is called query refinement or reformulation. This has been reported in [15] that of the roughly 2 billion daily web searches made by internet users [16], approximately 28% are modifications to the previous query [17] For example, a user may search for Laptop and then, he may change his query to Dell Laptop if he is not satisfied with the results of the initial query. In fact, there are many ways to perform query reformulation or refinement. For example, this can be done by using one of the following- word reorder, syntactic variant, whitespace and punctuation, word splitting, word merging, remove words, add words, add stop-words, url stripping, stemming, morphological variant, word stemming, acronym, abbreviations, substring, word substitution, word swaps, synonyms reformulation, spelling correction etc. 3. 2 Metasearching Metasearching is the process of combining results of different search systems. Metasearching is generally performed by metasearch engines. Metasearch engines are the Web services that receive user queries and dispatch them to multiple crawler based search engines. After this, they collect the returned search results, reorder them and present the reordered list to the end user. Metasearch engines do not have database of their own. They simply collect the search results of different search engines in response to a query, reorder them and present before the user. To combine the result from different search engines, a metasearch engine may use any one of the different rank aggregation techniques to aggregate the various ranking of the search results to generate an overall ranking. We discuss details of different types of rank aggregation technique in the section 3.5 Depending on the rank aggregation technique; the results of metasearching may vary for the same query while collating ranked results from the same set of participating search engines. Metasearching is widely discussed in literature. There are a good number of studies that have been performed on metasearching [18, 19, 20, 21, 22]. 3. 3 Opinion Mining Opinion mining is the extraction of opinion about an item from available opinion resources like Blogs, user reviews etc. Many studies have been performed in the area in last decade. A good survey of the different studies performed in the field has been made in [23]. Opinions can be considered as a combination of words, sentiments or documents. A broad study on these factors has been made in [24, 25, 26] respectively. However, some people like researchers in [27] believed that opinion is topic dependant and the above methods did not consider this. They perceived opinion retrieval as a two-step task, finding relevant documents and re-ranking these documents by opinion scores [27]. Opinion extraction is generally done using customer reviews. The main issues to be considered in opinion mining are the (i) selection of product features and (ii) analysis of comments, whether positive or negative, as discussed in [28, 29]. In opinions, the orientation on the product features may differ considerably e.g., "the picture quality of the camera is very good but strength of its body is very weak", here "picture quality" and "strength of body" are features [13]. Here, the two features have different types of opinion one is having positive while other is negative. Since, the reviews are provided by the human. Therefore, the techniques used for opinion extraction must behave like human. Just mining the comments is not sufficient. Sometimes matter is different than what it appears. Let us consider the following example from a book review [13]:

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"I highly recommend this book for those who want to waste their time and money. If you are really sincere to get some knowledge into your bucket, another one is the better option". Though the above sentence consists terms like highly recommended and better but both terms are being used in a negative sense for the specific book. Therefore, just recording only the positive and negative aspects of the terms and processing on these bases is not sufficient alone to extract opinion for a better conclusion. Therefore, in the proposed work, we use human judgment to extract the actual opinion about a product from the available reviews. We discuss about this in the following section. 3. 4 User Feedback Based Opinion Mining In order to handle the problems with automatic opinion extraction as outlined in the previous section, we propose to use human judges to decide the overall opinion about a product on the basis of the available opinion data. The advantage of this user feedback based approach is that it exploits human intelligence in deciding the overall opinion about a product. Therefore, we may hope to extract the real opinion about a product and can rank different products correctly on the basis of these extracted opinions. For this, we need to take feedback from the users/ human judges. The feedback from the user about different products may be obtained explicitly or implicitly. An explicit feedback is the one in which the user is asked to fill in a feedback form, to give his opinion about a particular product for which summarized reviews (opinion data) are presented before him. On the basis of this feedback, scores may be given to the specific product. Then, we may rank different products on the basis of these scores. Finally, we may recommend different products in this order. In implicit feedback, we may obtain the feedback from the user by watching his actions on links to opinion resources of different products. For example, we may make an assessment that whether the user will recommend a specific product or not. Now, there is a problem that what should be done if the same product is ranked differently by different users. The answer is that we should try for a consensus. To obtain this consensus ranking, when a number of different rankings are given, we perform rank aggregation. We discuss this in the next section. 3. 5 Rank Aggregation Let us begin with some useful definitions. Definition 1 Given a universe U and S U, an ordered list (or simply, a list) l with respect to U is given as l = [e1, e2,, e|s|], with each ei S, and e1 e2 e|s|, where is some ordering relation on S. Also, for j U j l, let l (j) denote the position or rank of j, with a higher rank having a lower numbered position in the list. We may assign a unique identifier to each element in U and thus, without loss of generality, we may get U = {1, 2,, |U|}. Definition 2 Full List: If a list contains all the elements in U, then it is said to be a full list. Example 1 A full list lf given as [c, a, d, e, b] has the ordering relation c a d e b. The Universe U may be taken as {1,2,3,4,5} with say a 1, b 2, c 3, d 4, e 5. With such an assumption, we have lf = [3, 1, 4, 5, 2]. Here lf(3) lf(c) = 1, lf (1) lf(a) = 2, lf(4) lf(d) =3, lf (5) lf(e) = 4, lf(2) lf(b) = 5. Definition 3 Partial List: A list lp containing elements, which are a strict subset of universe U, is called a partial list. We have a strict inequality | lp| <|U|.

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Definition 4 Rank Aggregation Problem: Given a set of n candidates say C=(C1,C2,C3,,Cn), a set of m voters say V=(V1,V2,V3,,Vm), and a ranked list li on C for each voter i. Then, li(j) < li(k) indicates that the voter i prefers the candidate j to k. The Rank Aggregation Problem is to combine the m ranked lists l1, l2, l3,, lm into a single list of candidates, say l that represents the collective choice of the voters. The function used to get l from l1, l2, l3,, lm (i.e f(l1, l2, l3,, lm)=l) is known as rank aggregation function. The classical Bordas method [30] is one of the popular rank aggregation methods. Other better rank aggregation methods include Markov chain based methods [20] and soft computing based methods [31]. But, the problem with the methods proposed in [30, 31] is that they work well for full lists only. If we want to use them for partial lists, as is the case of performing metasearching with results of public search engines, we need to convert each of the partial lists into full lists. The methods proposed in [22] and [32] can work well for partial lists but, there we need a decision attribute (overall ranking) in training phase to train the system. Since, while combining the ranking from different users, we do not have any overall ranking and the different users rankings are also partial lists, we propose a new rank aggregation method that can be used to obtain the aggregated ranking. 3.5.1 Rank Aggregation Algorithm for partial lists Let us assume the cardinality of the union, U of all the ranked lists from the different voters is |n|. Then, we build a table say Rank table (say R) of size n m by using the m ranked lists from the m voters. Here, n is the number of candidates present in the Union U and m is the total number of rankings. In this rank table, we have m columns corresponding to these m rankings. We place a value k in the cell (i,j), say Ri,j= k if a candidate i U is present at kth position in the jth ranking. The argument behind this is that we are converting a set of ranked lists into a set of scored lists. So, by giving a score k, where k is the position of the candidate in a ranked list, we make sure that each candidate obtains a score according to its position in the ranked lists. If the candidate i U is not present in the jth ranking at all, then, we place a value (n+1) in the cell (i, j) to ensure that such a candidate gets the least score in the jth column corresponding to jth ranking. Now, we compute the preference score Si for each candidate i by summing the values in the row for the candidate i as follows (i) Si=0 (ii) for j=1 to m if Ri,j = (n+1) Si=Si else Si=Si+(n+ Ri,j) Finally, we perform a descending sort on the values of preference score Si to obtain aggregated ranking of the candidates. The complete procedure of the proposed rank aggregation is explained through following example. Example 2 Given three partial lists l1= {b, a, d}, l2 = {a, c, b}, l3= {d, e, c}, then Union of these three partial lists U= {a, b, c, d, e} and n=5, m=3

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Hence, R= Candidates a b c d e l1 -2 -1 -6 -3 -6 l2 -1 -3 -2 -6 -6 l3 -6 -6 -3 -1 -2

and Sa=(5-2) +(5-1)+0 =7, Sb=(5-1) +(5-3)+0 =6, Sc= 0 +(5-2)+ (5-3) =5, Sd= (5-3) +0+(5-1) =6, Se= 0+0+(5-2) =3 Now, sorting the candidates i on descending values of Si, we get aggregated ranking as a b d c e or a d b c e, where denotes the relation is preferred over 3.6 Product Recommendation System Architecture Now, we present the architecture of the proposed product recommendation system as shown in Figure 1. The query about the desired item is passed to a number of search engines (metasearching). The returned results are aggregated and stored in the product information system. Query refinement is then done to search for the opinion resources for the different products available on the Web. The opinion data about a particular product are summarized together. Then, the different products along with the summarized opinion data are presented before a user and user feedback (UF) is obtained. On the basis of user feedback, importance score for each product is computed and a ranking of products on the basis of user feedback based scores is obtained. When we have more than one ranking of products, rank aggregation is performed to obtain a consensus ranking. Then, the products are recommended in order of this consensus ranking. 4. EXPERIMENTS AND RESULTS We experimented with four most popular search engines [33] namely (i) Google, (ii) Bing, (iii) Yahoo! Search and (iv) Ask. We searched for information about five electronics products namely (i) Laptop, (ii) Smart-phones, (iii) Tablets, (iv) Printers and (v) Head phones on each of the four popular search engines. After a look at the search results from the four search engines, we reformulated each of the five search queries by adding the phrase Top five to the name of each of the five products. We passed the reformulated queries one by one to each of the four search engines. We parsed the search results URLs from search pages returned in response to a specific query from each of the four search engines and made a Union say U-set of search results URLs. Table 1 shows the URLs present in the U-set of search results for Top five laptops. Then, we analyzed the content of each of these URLs to check for any significant information/recommendation about the top Laptops. Interestingly, we found that out of the 27.

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Product Queries Modified Results

Search Engines

Result 1

Result 2

Result n

Product Information System Modified Query Opinion Summarization

Opinion Mining-UF UF based ranking Rank Aggregation

Ranked List of Products Fig. 1 Architecture of the proposed Product Recommendation System URLs, only 10 URLs contained information/recommendation about the laptops without any discrimination of brand, use or cost. These 10 URLs are shown in Table 2. Five other URLs contained information about budget laptops only. Remaining 12 URLs either mentioned the top laptops of a specific brand or of specific use or did not contain any relevant information. The 10 URLs as shown in Table 2, recommended either 10 or 5 or 8 top laptops. Their recommendation was based on analysis of a large number of reviews (generally more than hundred) for different products. These URLs also contained the links for the reviews, which were basis of their recommendation. Few laptop models were commonly recommended by majority of these 10 result URLs, while few other were recommended by one or two result URLs. We presented these URLs to three independent users. Each of the three users analyzed the content of these URLs and contents of the product reviews, which formed the basis for the recommendation at these URLs. Finally, each of three users provided his feedback and ranking of the different laptops present in these URLs. The ranking of the laptops by user1, user2, and user3 are shown in Table 3, Table 4 and Table 5 respectively. This is clear from these tables that the recommendation of different users vary (i.e. they are subjective) and each of three rankings is a partial list. Now, we apply the proposed rank aggregation algorithm as
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outlined in section 3.5.1 to obtain the aggregated ranking for these three partial lists. The result of the rank aggregation is shown in the Table 6. The aggregated ranking as shown in Table 6 is returned as the output of our recommendation system for laptop. We repeat the process described in the above paragraph for other four products namely (i) Smart-phones, (ii) Tablets, (iii) Printers, and (iv) Head phones. The results of recommendation of the proposed system for these four products are shown in Table 7, Table 8, Table 9 and Table 10 respectively. This is evident from these results that our system provides better recommendations as it incorporates human intelligence in aggregating the results from popular recommender sites. Table 1: URLs in the U-set of search results for top five laptops from four most popular search engines http://reviews.cnet.com/best-laptops/ http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2369981,00.asp http://www.forbes.com/sites/antonyleather/2013/10/08/top-five-laptop-and-macbookupgrades-from-just-10/ http://www.pcworld.com/article/2046844/5-budget-laptops-for-college-students-we-name-thebest.html http://techland.time.com/2013/10/03/the-top-3-laptops-in-each-of-5-key-categories/ http://www.digitaltrends.com/computing/top-five-laptop-buying-mistakes/ http://www.techradar.com/us/news/mobile-computing/laptops/top-laptops-25-best-laptops-inthe-world-706673 http://www.laptopmag.com/review/laptops/the-five-best-netbooks.aspx http://topfivelaptops.wordpress.com/ http://laplaptops.blogspot.com/2010/03/top-five-laptops.html http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I1g_e2tNm2c http://www.nextag.com/top-five-laptops/products-html#! http://www.computerhowtoguide.com/2012/07/laptop-screen-issues.html http://virtualmillionneeds.blogspot.com/2012/09/top-five-laptop-buying-mistakes.html#! http://apps.microsoft.com/windows/ar-sa/app/top-five-laptop/abc1eebd-71a2-4146-b729d01d5098e75d http://www.topfivecomputers.com/laptops.html http://apps.microsoft.com/windows/xh-za/app/top-five-laptop/abc1eebd-71a2-4146-b729d01d5098e75d http://voices.yahoo.com/top-five-back-school-laptops-8862435.html http://www.pcadvisor.co.uk/test-centre/laptop/3214618/best-laptop-you-can-buy-2013/ http://www.amazon.com/s?ie=UTF8&page=1&rh=i%3Aaps%2Ck%3Atop%20five%20laptops http://www.amazon.com/s?ie=UTF8&page=1&rh=i%3Aaps%2Ck%3Atop%205%20laptops http://www.dubaichronicle.com/2013/11/13/top-5-laptops-holiday-gifts/ http://www.ebay.com/sch/i.html?_nkw=top+5+laptops http://www.it-director.com/business/change/news_release.php?rel=8127 http://www.dell.com/us/p/laptops http://www.squidoo.com/top-5-laptops http://computers.toptenreviews.com/laptops/
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Table 2: Ten Recommender URLs for top laptops Recommender URLS http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2369981,00.asp http://blog.laptopmag.com/top-10-notebooks-now http://topfivelaptops.wordpress.com/ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I1g_e2tNm2c http://www.topfivecomputers.com/laptops.html http://voices.yahoo.com/top-five-back-school-laptops-8862435.html http://www.pcadvisor.co.uk/test-centre/laptop/3214618/best-laptop-youcan-buy-2013/ http://www.dubaichronicle.com/2013/11/13/top-5-laptops-holiday-gifts/ http://www.squidoo.com/top-5-laptops http://computers.toptenreviews.com/laptops/

No. of Laptops Recommended 10 10 5 5 5 5 8 5 5 10

Table 3: Laptops Recommended by USER1 Apple MacBook Air 13in (Mid-2013) ASUS A52F-XA1 Dell Inspiron 14z Apple MacBook Pro 15 in with Retina display Toshiba Satellite L505 Acer Aspire S7-392-6411 Sony Vaio Pro 13 HP Pavilion dm1 Lenovo ThinkPad X1 Carbon Razer Blade (2013) Asus VivoBook V551LB-DB71T Apple MacBook Pro 15-inch (2013) Apple MacBook Pro Apple Macbook Air 13.3 inch Acer Aspire M5-583P-6428 Lenovo ThinkPad Edge E431

Table 4 Laptops Recommended by USER 2 Apple MacBook Air 13in (Mid-2013) Apple MacBook Pro 15 in with Retina display ASUS A52F-XA1 Toshiba Satellite L505 Dell Inspiron 14z Acer Aspire S7-392-6411 Sony Vaio Pro 13 HP Pavilion dm1 Lenovo ThinkPad X1 Carbon Lenovo ThinkPad Edge E431

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Table 5: Laptops Recommended by USER3 Apple MacBook Air 13in (Mid-2013) ASUS A52F-XA1 Apple MacBook Pro 15-inch (2013) Sony Vaio Pro 13 HP Pavilion dm1 Asus VivoBook V551LB-DB71T Apple Macbook Air 13.3 inch Dell Inspiron 14z Acer Aspire M5-583P-6428 Lenovo ThinkPad Edge E431

Table 6: Top-10 Laptops Recommended by our system Apple MacBook Air 13in (Mid-2013) ASUS A52F-XA1 Dell Inspiron 14z Sony Vaio Pro 13 HP Pavilion dm1 Apple MacBook Pro 15 in with Retina display Toshiba Satellite L505 Acer Aspire S7-392-6411 Apple MacBook Pro 15-inch (2013) Asus VivoBook V551LB-DB71T

Table 7: Top-10 Smart Phones Recommended by our system Apple iPad Air Samsung Galaxy Note 10.1 (2014 Edition, 16GB, Wi-Fi, white) Microsoft Surface Pro 2 (Windows 8.1) iPad Mini (with Retina Display) Apple iPad Air (Wi-Fi) ASUS MeMO Pad HD 7 Google Nexus 10 Sony Xperia Tablet Z LG G Pad 8.3 Amazon Kindle Fire HDX 8.9

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Table 8 Top-10 Tablets Recommended by our system Samsung Galaxy S4 HTC One Apple iPhone 5s Samsung Galaxy Note 3 Nokia Lumia 1020 Motorola Moto X LG G2 Google Nexus 5 Nokia Lumia 925 Black berryq10

Table 9: Top-10 Printers Recommended by our system HP Office jet Pro 8600 Plus e-All-in-One Epson Work Force 845 All-in-One Printer HP Office jet Pro 276dw MFP Brother Printer MFCJ825DW Wireless Color Photo Printer with Scanner, Copier & Fax HP PhotoSmart 7520 e-All-in-One Wireless Printer Canon Pixma MX922 Wireless Office All-In-One Printer Dell B3465dnf Multifunction Laser Printer Epson Stylus NX430 Small-in-One All-in-One Printer Samsung CLP-415NW Ricoh Aficio SG 3110DNw

Table 10: Top-10 Headphones Recommended by our system HP Office jet Pro 8600 Plus e-All-in-One Epson Work Force 845 All-in-One Printer HP Office jet Pro 276dw MFP Brother Printer MFCJ825DW Wireless Color Photo Printer with Scanner, Copier & Fax HP PhotoSmart 7520 e-All-in-One Wireless Printer Canon Pixma MX922 Wireless Office All-In-One Printer Dell B3465dnf Multifunction Laser Printer Epson Stylus NX430 Small-in-One All-in-One Printer Samsung CLP-415NW Ricoh Aficio SG 3110DNw

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5. CONCLUSION In this paper, we present architecture of a product recommendation system, which is based on user feedback based mining of opinion data. We point out the limitation of the automatic opinion mining in presence of contradicting or misleading comments and emphasize that the user feedback based mining of opinion will always provide us with reliable results. If for the same set of products, we obtain different recommendation from different users, we propose to perform rank aggregation to obtain consensus. We described different rank aggregation techniques that can be used for the purpose. We presented an efficient rank aggregation method for the partial lists. Finally, we point out that success of a recommendation system depends on its ability to recommend the products likened by the customers and to avoid itself from the recommendation of products disliked by the customers. For this, an efficient evaluation of the proposed system is required to ensure that the system is a reliable and successful recommendation system. For future work, we recommend to investigate following: (i) analyze the reliability of user feedback by comparing the feedback with actual actions and (ii) evaluate the performance of system in terms of user satisfaction. REFERENCES [1] M. Claypool, A. Gokhale, T. Miranda, P. Murnikov, D. Netes and M. Sartin (1999). "Combining content-based and collaborative filters in an online newspaper". In Proceedings of ACM SIGIR 99 Workshop on Recommender Systems, Berkeley, CA. B. Sarwar, G. Karypis, J. Konstan and J. Riedl (2000). "Analysis of recommendation algorithms for e-commerce", In Proceedings of ACM ECommerce 2000 Conference, pages 158167. B. Mobasher, R. Cooley, and J. Srivastava (2000). "Automatic personalization based on web usage mining", Communications of the ACM, volume 43, issue 8, pages 142151. W. Hill, L. Stead, M. Rosenstein and G. Furnas (1995). "Recommending and evaluating choices in a virtual community of use", In Proceedings of the 1995 ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems , pages 194201. P. Resnick, N. Iacovou, M. Suchak, P. Bergstrom and J. Riedl (1994). "Grouplens: An open architecture for collaborative filtering of netnews", In Proceedings of the ACM 1994 Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative, pages 175186. Y. H. Cho, J. K. Kim and S. H. Kim (2002). "A personalized recommender system based on web usage mining and decision tree induction", Expert Systems with Applications, volume 23, Elsevier Science, pages 329342. J. K. Kim, Y. H. Cho, W. J. Kim, J. R. Kim and J. H. Suh (2002). "A personalized recommendation procedure for Internet shopping support", Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, volume 1, Elsevier Science, pages 301313. Z. Zeng (2009). "An Intelligent E-commerce Recommender System Based on Web Mining", International journal of business and management, volume 4, issue 7, pages 10-14. M. Hu and B. Liu (2004). "Mining and summarizing customer reviews", In Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pages 168177. A. M. Popescu and O. Etzioni (2005). "Extracting product features and opinions from reviews", In Proceedings of the Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, pages 339-346. S. Aciar, D. Zhang and S. Simoff and J. Debenham (2007). "Informed Recommender: Basing Recommendations on Consumer Product Reviews", IEEE Intelligent Systems, volume 22, Issue 3, pages 39 47.
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