Basic Power Electronics Roll No.

Laboratory Manual

Electrical Engineering Department [34] Wah Engineering College

Experiment No. 08
Boost Converter
Objective:
In this lab, 5.0VDC to 12.0VDC step up converter will be studied, effects of
switching frequency, duty cycle, varying load on output voltage in continuous conduction
mode will be examined.
Equipment Required:
- Power Electronics Trainer PEED-13100
- Section 5.8.2 Boost Regulators from text Book Power Electronics Circuits Devices
& Applications by M.H.Rashid
Block Diagram:


Figure 8.1: Circuit Diagram for a Boost Converter
Conceptual Background:
I ntroduction:
A boost converter (step-up converter) is a DC-to-DC power converter with an output voltage
V
out
greater than its input voltage V
in
. It is a class of switched-mode power supply (SMPS)
containing at least two semiconductor switches (a diode and a transistor) and at least one
energy storage element, a capacitor, inductor, or the two in combination. Filters made of
capacitors are normally added to the output of the converter to reduce output voltage ripple.
Working Principle:
The key principle that drives the boost converter is the tendency of an inductor to resist
changes in current by creating and destroying a magnetic field. A schematic of a boost
converter is shown in Figure 8.1.
Basic Power Electronics Roll No. Laboratory Manual

Electrical Engineering Department [35] Wah Engineering College

(a) When the MOSFET is in ON condition, current flows through the inductor in clockwise
direction and the inductor stores some energy by generating a magnetic field. Polarity of the
left side of the inductor is positive.
(b) When the MOSFET is in OFF condition, current will be reduced as the impedance is
higher. The magnetic field previously created will be destroyed to maintain the current flow
towards the load. Thus the polarity will be reversed (means left side of inductor will be
negative now). As a result two sources will be in series causing a higher voltage to charge the
capacitor through the diode D.
Equations for the design of a Boost Converter
Average output voltage:
K
V
V
in
out

=
1

Maximum Duty Cycle:
out
in
V
V
K
q
=1

Inductor Ripple Current:
L f
K V
I
s
in
L
= A

Maximum output current:
( ) K
I
I I
L
sw out

(

A
= 1
2
(min) ) max(

Inductor calculation:
( )
out s L
in out in
V f I
V V V
L
A

=

Output capacitance:
out s
out
out
V f
K I
C
A
=
(max)
(min)

Diode Power Dissipation:
F F D
xV I P =

Input Power:
) 1 ( D x xV I P
in in in
=

Output Power: ( )
2
1 D x xV I P
out out out
=

Effeciency:
in
out
P
P
= q

where
V
in
: Input voltage (5vdc in our case)
V
out
: Output Voltage
: effeciency of the converter
K: duty cycle of square wave
I
L
: Inductor ripple current
f
s
: switching frequency
Basic Power Electronics Roll No. Laboratory Manual

Electrical Engineering Department [36] Wah Engineering College

I
sw(min)
: minimum switch current (MOSFET drain to source current)
I
out(max)
: maximum output current required
V
out
: desired output voltage ripple
I
F
: average forward current of the rectifier diode
V
F
: forward voltage of the rectifier diode
Procedure:
7. Before connection, set the Vin DC supply to 5.0Vdc than turn it off than connect it
with the Vin terminals.
8. Set the function generator to square wave mode, set the frequency fs=20kHz
(T=50s), duty cycle K=10%, amplitude Vin= 8.5V, dc level = 0. Connect channel 1
of the DSO and FG crocodile terminals across the function generator input terminals.
9. Connect the load R=4.0k at the output terminals.
10. Connect channel 2 of the DSO and DC voltmeter (range 0-200V) across the load.
11. Now fill the table 8.1 to 8.3.
12. Attach the waveforms of the ripple voltage of inductor and the voltage across load.
Data &Calculations:
Table 8.1
Set R
load
= 1.0 k, Vin = 5.0Vdc, f
s
= 20kHz,
S.No Duty cycle K (%) V
out
(volt) I
out
(mA) I
in
(A)

1 5

2 10

3 20

4 30

5 40


Table 8.2
Set K=20%, Vin = 5.0Vdc, f
s
= 20kHz,
S.No R
load
(k) V
out
(volt) I
out
(mA) I
in
(A)

1 0.8

2 1.0

3 1.33

4 2.0

5 4.0


Basic Power Electronics Roll No. Laboratory Manual

Electrical Engineering Department [37] Wah Engineering College

Table 8.3
Set K=20%, Vin = 5.0Vdc, R
load
= 1.0k ,
S.No Frequency f
s
(kHz) V
out
(volt) I
out
(mA) I
in
(A)
1 20

2 30

3 40

4 50

5 60


Review Questions:
1. What is meant by dc step-up and step-down converter?
2. What are the applications of dc chopper?
3. State the formula which relates the input and output voltages of boost converter?
4. Write down the effect of varying the switching frequency on the load voltage or
efficieny?
5. Write down the effect of varying the duty cycle on the load voltage or efficieny?
6. Explain Table 8.2.
_____________