Code: 9A10505

B.Tech III Year I Semester (R09) Regular & Supplementary Examinations December/January 2013/14

PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNICATIONS
(Common to E.Con.E & EIE)
Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE questions All questions carry equal marks 1 ***** (a) Find the inverse Fourier transform (i) Sgn(w) (ii) u(w) (b) Explain block diagram of electrical communication system. (a) An AM amplifier provides an output of 106 W at 100% modulation. The internal loss in 20 W. (i) What is un-modulated carrier power? (ii) What is the side band power? (b) With a neat diagram. Explain the generation of SSB using phase-shift method. (a) In an FM system, the deviation is 4.8 KHz when the audio frequency is 500 Hz and the AF voltage is 2.4 V. if AF voltage is now increased to 7.2 V, what is new deviation? If the AF voltage is raised to 10 V while the AF is dropped to 200 Hz, what is the new deviation? Find the modulation index in each case. (b) Explain the advantages of FM over AM. (a) Explain the terms: (i) Nyquist interval. (ii) Aliasing. (b) Give the differences between time division multiplexing and frequency division multiplexing. (a) Mention the difference between crosstalk and inter symbol interference. (b) 24 telephone channels each band limited to 3.4 KHz are to be time division multiplexed by using PCM. Calculated the bandwidth of the PCM system for 128 quantization levels and an 8 KHz sampling frequency. (a) Explain the frequency shift keying modulation technique. Describe coherent detection of FSK signals. (b) What should be the relationship between bit-rate and frequency-shift for a better performance? Write short notes on (i) Entropy. (ii) Redundancy. (iii) Hartely-shannon law. (iv) Channel capacity. (a) Calculate the syndrome and syndrome circuit for the (7, 4) linear code. The generator matrix (G) and the corresponding parity matrix (H) are: G= H= Max. Marks: 70

(b) What are cyclic codes? Explain the algebraic structure of cyclic codes. *****

Code: 9A10505

B.Tech III Year I Semester (R09) Regular & Supplementary Examinations December/January 2013/14

PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNICATIONS
(Common to E.Con.E & EIE)
Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE questions All questions carry equal marks 1 ***** (a) An audio oscillator is switched on at t = 0. Find the spectrum of the generated cosine waveform. (b) Explain about different types of communications. (a) Draw block the diagram of a phase cancellation SSB generator and explain how the carrier and the unwanted sideband are suppressed what change is necessary to suppress the other sideband. (b) Calculate the percentage of power saving when the carrier and one of the sidebands are suppressed in AM wave modulated to a depth of: (i) 100 % (ii) 50 % (a) Derive the formula for the instantaneous value of an FM voltage and define the modulation index. (b) Explain fully the difference between frequency and phase modulation. (a) Explain about the sampling theorem for band limited signals. (b) Draw and explain PAM modulator and demodulator circuits. (a) What is delta modulation system? Explain the generation of delta modulated signals. (b) What are its limitations? How they can be overcome? What are the optimum and matched filters? Find their transfer functions. (a) What is code efficiency? Show that coding efficiency is maximum when p(0) = p(1). (b) Explain about Shannon-fano coding. (a) Consider a single-error correcting code for 11 data bits. (i) How many check bits are required? (ii) Find a parity check matrix H for this code. (b) The generator polynomial of a (6, 3) cyclic code is g(x) = 1+x2. Find all the code words. Max. Marks: 70

6 7

*****

Code: 9A10505

B.Tech III Year I Semester (R09) Regular & Supplementary Examinations December/January 2013/14

PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNICATIONS
(Common to E.Con.E & EIE)
Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE questions All questions carry equal marks 1 ***** (a) Evaluate the following integrals using convolution theorem = dx. (b) State and explain the properties of Fourier transform. 2 (a) The modulating signal f(t) in an AM-SC system is a multiple tone signal given by: f(t) = E1 + E2 ) + E3 . The signal f(t) modulates a carrier Ec ). Plot the single sided trigonometric spectrum and find the bandwidth of the modulated signal. Assume that 3 > 2> 1 and E3 > E2 > E1. (b) Explain about frequency discrimination method. (a) Explain fully the difference between frequency and phase modulation. (b) The equation of an angle modulated voltage is V = 10 sin(108 t + 3 sin 104 t). What form of angle modulation is this? Calculate the carrier and modulating frequencies. The modulation index deviation and power dissipated in 100 resistor. (a) Draw and explain the generation and detection of PWM signals. (b) Explain about natural and flat top sampling with neat waveforms. (a) What are the advantages and applications of pulse code modulation? (b) Explain about differential pulse code modulation (DPCM). (a) What is a correlator? Show that the performance of the correlator and matched filter are identical. (a) Explain Huffman coding with an example. (b) Write short notes on rate of information and entropy. (a) Show that if and are two code vectors in an (n, k) linear block code, then their sum is also a code vector. (b) For systematic linear block code, the three parity check digits c4, c5, c6 are given by: C4 = m1 m2 m3 C5 = m1 m2 C6 = m1 m3 (i) Construct generator matrix. (ii) Construct the code generated by this matrix. (iii) Determine error correcting capability. ***** Max. Marks: 70

Code: 9A10505

4
PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNICATIONS
(Common to E.Con.E & EIE)

B.Tech III Year I Semester (R09) Regular & Supplementary Examinations December/January 2013/14

Time: 3 hours Answer any FIVE questions All questions carry equal marks 1

Max. Marks: 70

***** (a) A function f(t) has power density spectrum Sf(W). Find the power density spectrum of (i) Integral of f(t). (ii) Time derivative of f(t). (b) What are the limitations of Fourier transform? (a) A baseband signal f(t) = Sa(t) is used to amplitude a carrier Draw the waveform and spectrum of AM signal. (b) What is single sideband suppressed carrier modulation? What are its advantages with respect to ordinary AM? (a) Explain the advantages of FM over AM. (b) A modulating signal 5 , angle modulates a carrier A modulation index and band width for: (i) The FM system. (ii) The PM system.

. Find the

(a) Explain how PPM and PWM signals are generated (i) From PAM signals. (ii) Directly. How these are detected? Briefly describe the following digital modulation systems. (i) DM (ii) ADM (iii) DPCM (a) With neat diagram, explain the generation of PSK signals. (b) Compare the four shift keying techniques: ASK, PSK, FSK and DPSK. (a) What is source coding theorem? Discuss fixed length and variable length coding. (b) Discuss average, mutual information and entropy. The encoder for a convolutional code is shown in fig below. Find all the code words for a 4bit input data. M1 M2 M3

V1
*****

V2