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FINAL PROJECT COMMUNICATION SKILLS TOPIC:

PROBLEMS OF WORKING CLASS( CHILD LAB0UR)

GROUP MEMBERS: ZAIN-UL-ABIDEEN AHSAN KHALEEQ ADNAN HAMEED ABDUR REHMAN SUBMITTED TO: MISS FAREEHA ZAHEER MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT (12-ME-52) (12-ME-184) (12-ME-37) (12-ME-43)

LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL

TO: MISS FAREEHA ZAHEER

FROM: ZAIN UL ABIDIN, AHSAN, ADNAN & ABDUL REHMAN

UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY TAXILA We were fortunate enough to receive assistance from our parents, seniors and many friends who were extremely generous and gave us their time to help in our research. We would like to mention about Miss Fareeha Zaheer who gave us an opportunity to work on this project.She is the lecturer of English at U.E.T Taxila. Basically she is from Basic sciences department. We would specially like to mention about Mr. Latif Zara Khan (President Bait-u-Mail UC-37,RWP) who helped us in several stages of making this report. We also appreciate Mr. Zumard Khan (Ex-Managing Director-Pakistan Bait-u-Maal), Mr. Haji sharif aaraen (Chairman President Bait-u-Maal UC-O4 RWP ). They provided us in-depth knowledge about our report. We also express gratitude to all those people who took out time and filled our questionnaires, and all those child labourers who provided us information about their daily life

YOURS TRULY ZAIN UL ABIDIN AHSAN ADNAN ABDUL REHMAN .

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Work done by children under the age of 18. Work that prevents children from attending school, such as unlimited or unrestricted domestic work. Work that is dangerous for children and that is hazardous to their physical, mental or emotional health. Child labour is a common and a complicated issue that mostly exists in the third world countries. The research report points out poverty and illiteracy as the two major fundamental factors responsible for supplying child labour. While preparing the report different people were interviewed in Rawalpindi. Beside that the questionnaires assisted in compiling solid facts regarding child labour. Moreover the interviews of presidents of various charity and social welfare organizations provided us a lot of information regarding child labour. The research work concludes that child labour and working condition of children are different in various localities. However many common factors supplying child labour including poverty, poor education, high

population growth, out dated social customs, unemployment, uneven distribution of wealth and class based education. Report compiled rich information about child labour that may become a cause of campaign against child labour in Pakistan deploring the practice of child labour and exhorting the poor parents on the need to make their children educated even if it required a certain amount of sacrifice. It will create awareness among the people against child labour and will make them realize that child labour exploitation of child labour infact the destruction of nations future. It will help the policy makers to eliminate the child labour effectively.Child labour is a complex and global issue. Children are not for work but to get quality education, sound personal and social development. However socioeconomic problem and certain cultural norms compel children to work to support their family income. Despite the fact that international laws regarding child labour have been enacted, these laws remain ineffective and child labour continues to rise. Concerning to child labour, a detailed study has been made to analyze the determinant of child labour.Face to Face interviews of children and other organizations assisted in collecting detailed information about child labour and their working conditions especially the questionnaires that were distributed among people in various locations provided hard facts regarding child labour.The report reveals that parents illiteracy and poverty are the major causes of child labour.

INTRODUCTION
Child labour is the employment of children in any work which deprive them from education and exploits them physically, mentally and morally. It is considered as exploitation of children by human right commission and other international organization. Children require education and a healthy personal, social and intellectual development. The aforementioned characteristics cannot be developed if he or she is pushed to labour. Child labour not only takes out children from schooling, but also badly affects the human capital accumulation and life time earnings. Through this report we will create awareness among the people about child labour. It will inform the public especially in Pakistan that child labour is inhumane, a violation of human rights and a destruction of childrens future in the long run.

The report identifies all the basic reasons behind child labour, its evil effects and recommends possible solution to the elimination of child labour. It analyzes the overall issue in a comprehensive methodology that will help the government and other policy makers to tackle down child labour. In particular, it discusses the continuous rise in child labour in Pakistan inspite of national and international legislation regarding child labour.

RESEARCH WORK:

The places we decided to go to were different markets, bus stops, and workshops. Our main area of research was workshops, and we took easiest path by going to those workshops, which were close to our homes. We visited different workshops, markets and bus stops and took interviews from child labourers working in different places. But some of them did not agree to give us interview, as it was an unusual thing for them. Most of the positive information we gathered was from different child labourers in workshops of Taxila and Rawalpindi.

We also conducted a questionnaire which was very useful regarding our survey. The sample was chosen mainly to be adults because teenagers have no knowledge about different forms of child abuse. A questionnaire k gwas imperative to conduct so that we could know what people think about child labour, and different forms of child abuse. Usually middle-aged people and adolescents know about this.

We also took sample of teenagers and aged-people, and they had very less knowledge about it. The sample of teenagers was chosen, within the university, which was not very informative. The rest of the sampling was done at our homes. Our family members gave us a survey, which was easy to compile and helpful in our analysis, because several of them have observed these unkind things. The main analysis came from people belonging to middle class families and salaried employees. The experience was great. We got to know a lot about Child labour in Pakistan, different forms of child abuse in our society and about the daily life of a child laboure

REVIEW OF LITERATURE:
The basic cause of child labour in developing countries is considered to be poverty. However, poverty alone is not responsible for the practice. A number of other factors also affect the supply of child labour in developing countries including Pakistan. Child labour contributes to further poverty by pushing down the wage rate in the labour market. Child labour phenomenon is common in developing countries and there is growing literature on this issue and empirical evidences as well. Pakistan has a large number of child domestic workers. These include children working as child minders, maids, cooks, cleaners, gardeners and general house-helps. The lack of information is major cause of not having thorough analysis of incidence and nature of child domestic workers in many areas of Pakistan. However, there is not a significant reduction in child labour participation, especially in Pakistan. Two main characteristics of Pakistani child labour that distinguish it from child labour elsewhere is that a large part of Pakistani child labour is in the form of child domestic workers; and the bulk of Pakistani child labour is in the 1014 years age group. Poor households are more probably to use child labour and schooling reduction as strategies to mitigate with socioeconomic shocks. Low household incomes are linked with high rates of both child income generation and housework. Low wages, high cost of living and lack of adequate social security systems are the main causes of the prevalence of child labour in Pakistan. Less household income, outstanding debt, wish to start own business in future, High dependency ratio and many others reason that include illness of family head, a gap in employment due to job switching that causes temporary unemployment are the main causes of being sending children to work. Most of the research work is based on case studies covering a few villages, a city, a subnational area and at best a province, state or an equivalent region, probably because of lack of systematic data collection and availability of micro-based data on child labour. Poverty is considered the most important causal factor for child labour in all these studies and provides valuable insights into the supply of child labour. However, we need to go further and ask the next question: What specific characteristics of poverty at the household level cause child labour? The proposed study will investigate the nature of child labour prevailing in Pakistan and will

explore the causes of child labour in Pakistan by focusing on its supply side determinants. As child labour has a number of economic consequences, this problem needs to be analyze in detail.

METHOD
The method include several steps that we took. We visited different places including leather industry, brick manufacturing industry, automobile workshops and rag picking places where we found children doing different kinds of work They were in pathetic conditions. We also consulted some prominent personalities, who shared a lot of useful information regarding child labour. We organized an interview of the children with age ranging from 6 to 18 years. We made a survey and made people of different eras fill this form.

Discussions and findings

Child Labour is generally speaking work for children that harms them or exploits them in some way (physically, mentally, morally or blocking access to education). United Nations International Childrens Emergency Fund (UNICEF) defines child as anyone below the age of 15, and child Labour is some type of work performed by children below age 18. Some types of work make useful, positive contributions to a child's development. Work can help children learn about responsibility and develop particular skills that will benefit them and the rest of society. Often, work is a source of income that helps to sustain children and their families. However, across the world, millions of children do extremely hazardous work in harmful conditions, putting their health, education, personal and social development, and even their lives at risk. These are some of the circumstances they face: Full time work at a very early age. Dangerous workplaces. Excessive working hours. Subjection to psychological, verbal, physical and sexual abuse. Obliged to work by circumstances or individuals. Limited or no pay. Work and life on the streets in bad conditions. Inability to escape from the poverty cycle - no access to education. Now a question arises here that why do children work? Most children work because their families are poor and their labour is necessary for their survival. Discrimination on grounds including gender, race or religion also plays its part in why some children work. Children are often employed and exploited because, compared to adults, they are more vulnerable, cheaper to hire and are less likely to demand higher wages or better working conditions. Some employers falsely argue that children are particularly suited to certain types of work because of their small size and "nimble fingers". For many children, school is not an option. Education can be expensive and some parents feel that what their children will learn is irrelevant to the realities of their everyday lives and futures. In many cases, school is also physically inaccessible or lessons are not taught in the child's mother tongue, or both. As well as being a result of poverty, child labour also perpetuates poverty. Many

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working children do not have the opportunity to go to school and often grow up to skilled adults trapped in poorly paid jobs, and in turn will look to their own children to supplement the family's income. In Pakistan children aged 5-14 are above 40 million. During the last year, the Federal Bureau of Statistics released the results of its survey funded by ILOs IPEC (International Program on the Elimination of Child Labour). The findings were that 3.8 million children age group of 5-14 years are working in Pakistan out of total 40 million children in this age group; fifty percent of these economically active children are in age group of 5 to 9 years. Even out of these 3.8 million economically active children, 2.7 million were claimed to be working in the agriculture sector. Two million and four hundred thousand (73%) of them were said to be boys. According to survey findings, the major factors responsible for child labour were: Large population with high population growth rate; Almost three-fourths (70 per cent) of the total population living in rural areas, withsubsistence agricultural activities; Low productivity and prevalence of poverty; Unpaid family helpers, especially in agricultural activities; Discriminating social attitude towards girls and women; Inadequate educational facilities. Working children come from large families in the low-income bracket. The average house hold size of working children was found to be eight members, which is higher than the national average. A higher proportion of economically active girls falls under households with nine plus members. The survey indicates that the most cogent reasons given by parents/guardians for letting their child work are to assist in house enterprise (69 per cent), and to supplement the household income (28 per cent). The former is pronounced in rural households, whereas the latter is more significant in urban families. It is an outcome of a multitude of socio-economic factors and has its roots in poverty, lack of opportunities, high rate of population growth, unemployment, uneven distribution of wealth and resources, outdated social customs and norms and plethora of other factors. According to the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) the daily income of 65.5% people of Pakistan is below 2 U.S. dollars a day. According to the Asian Development Bank (ADB) Report, 47 million people in Pakistan are leading lines below the line of poverty, whereas the Social Policy Development Centre (SDPC) Karachi has stated in one of its reports that the ratio of poverty in Pakistan was 33% during 1999 that increased in 2001 and reached 38%. The ratio of poverty in the current year is around 30%. Lack of education and many other factors have resulted inspiring child labour as poor families cannot afford to cope with multiple economic crunch and use their

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children as a pawn to earn some extra rupees. Child labour, with the passage of time, has emerged as the biggest challenge to the society and the government in ensuring conductive atmosphere for the children with poor economic background. Unfortunately, child labour is deepening engraved in the social culture of Pakistan. Two million and four hundred thousand(73%) of them were said to be boys Pakistan are leading lines below the line of poverty, whereas the Social Policy Development Centre (SPDC) Karachi has stated in one of its reports that the ratio of poverty in Pakistan was 33% during1999 that increased in 2001 and reached 38%. The ratio of poverty in the current year is around 30%. Consider the point that if 30% of our countrys Total population is leading life below the poverty-line wherein the people are deprived of basic necessities of life like clothing, shelter, food, education and medication, the children of these people will be forced to become Labourers or workers in order to survive. Another reason of child Labour in Pakistan is that our people dont have the security of social life. There is no aid plan or allowance for children in our country. Class-based education system is another reason for increasing child Labour; villages lack standardized education systems and as a result, child Labour is on increase in rural areas. The government has not put its laws into practice to stop child Labour in our country.Employersafterexploiting child Labour, extract a large surplus, whereas child Labour,despite increasing poverty, unemployment and other problems, are pressed to do anything and everything for their livelihood and the survival of their families. The issue of child labour and the economic exploitation of children of a lesser God has always been a burning issue in Pakistan. Successive governments tried to hush up this huge issue, having multiple implications, while civil society and the media attempts to draw out kaleidoscopic view of the spiraling problem. While child labour has serious impact on the childrens mental and social development, it also impedes their emotional growth. Children are our only hope for a better future and if we desire a better and prosperous Pakistan then we must give them their right of education. Education is the foremost fundamental right of the children which must be protected and given to each and every child. Although a number of protecting laws contain provisions prohibiting child labour or regulating the working conditions of children and adolescent workers but the issue still remain unresolved. Pakistan has enacted many laws for eradicating child labour. The Constitution of Islamic Republic of Pakistan states that;No child below the age of fourteen shall be engaged in any factory or mine or in any other hazardous employment. And also, All forms of forced labour and traffic in human beings are prohibited.Childrens like as flowers, if we force on these then their souls was broken, it is the major issue of any type of country where no any way to help poor peoples and their children, so we discuss on child labour in Pakistan. Pakistan is poor country, not poor from starting but because of our government policies are not right for any institution of our country. Pakistan always helpless. Pakistan's government never do for own country what they do for poor peoples. If anyone living in that country it means they are not in own safe country but in like as jail, but

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others countries jail also good from this countries people living. If any country wants progress then education is must. Means society of middleclass family they give education to their children but any poor peoples can't do this, because a lot of money need for any education for children, but our government always quite on this issue, only government of Pakistan is begging money from others countries from 61 years not for own country but only for own aims it means from 61 years no one good leader who think about their peoples and their children but here allot of corruption in any government department. Pakistan government never thinks about poor people how they survive in life and how get money, how give education to our children. So we need to think about child labour and those childrens also use drugs because they dont know about these things and they are away from their parents so they do as they like and allot of children died because of using drugs and many children died because of abusing.

Pakistan Labour force Graph and Data:

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List of occupations and categories of work: 1. Nature of occupation-category of work 2. Work inside under ground mines over ground quarries, including blasting and assisting in blasting 3. Work with power driven cutting machinery like saws, shears, and guillotines, ( Thrashers, fodder cutting machines, also marbles) 4. Work with live electrical wires over 50V. 5. All operation related to leather tanning process e.g. soaking, dehairing, liming chrome tanning, deliming, pickling defleshing, and ink application. 6. Mixing or application or pesticides insecticide/fumigation. 7. Sandblasting and other work involving exposure to free silica. 8. Work with exposure to ALL toxic, explosive and carcinogenic chemicals e.g. asbestos, benzene, ammonia, chlorine, sulphur dioxide, hydrogen sulphide, sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, caustic soda, phosphorus, benzidene dyes, isocyanides, carbon tetrachloride, carbon disulphide, epoxy, resins, formaldehyde, metal fumes, heavy metals like nickel, mercury chromium, lead, arsenic, beryllium, fiber glass, and 9. Work with exposure to cement dust (cement industry) 10. Work with exposure to coal dust 11. Manufacture and sale of fireworks explosives 12. Work at the sites where Liquid Petroleum Gas (LPG) and Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) are filled in cylinders. 13. Work on glass and metal furnaces 14. Work in the clothe printing, dyeing and finishing sections 15. Work inside sewer pipelines, pits, storage tanks 16. Stone crushing 17. Lifting and carrying of heavy weight specially in transport industry ( 15 kg and above) 18. Work between 10 pm to 8 am ( Hotel Industry) 19. Carpet waving 20. Working 2 meter above the floor 21. All scavenging including hospital waste 22. tobacco process ( including Niswar) and Manufacturing 23. Deep fishing ( commercial fishing/ sea food and fish processing 24. Sheep casing and wool industry 25. Ship breaking 26. Surgical instrument manufacturing specially in vendors workshop 27. Bangles glass, furnaces

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Child Labour in Rag Picking Business: A study conducted by the Sustainable Development Policy Institute (SDPI) on Rag Pickers/scavenger in 2003 reveals that there are roughly 89,500-106,500 children engaged in scavenging in five major cities of the country i.e. Karachi, Lahore, Quetta, Peshawar and Islamabad. The survey identifies three types of scavengers: migratory scavengers, roaming scavengers and site based scavengers.

RECOMMENDATIONS AND SUGGESTIONS

With the ratification of the UN Convention on the Rights of Child 1989, the Government of Pakistan has committed itself to initiate appropriate legislative, judicial, administrative and social welfare measures for improving the status and conditions of children in the society. The Government is required to take steps for bringing its laws/rules/procedures relating to child care/protection/development in accord with the principles of the Convention and further to ensure their effective enforcement/implementation. Due to gaps/anomalies/ambiguities in our laws pertaining to child employment as well as their inadequate enforcement, children are exposed to abuse/exploitation. There is thus a pressing need for introducing socio-economic and legal measures to safeguard/protect the rights/interests of children and improve their status/condition in society. The Pakistan Law Commission, therefore, recommends the following measures:

Based on realistic assessment of the nature, kind, duration and conditions of work etc, a distinction must be drawn between child work and child labour. In this respect the criterion suggested by the Executive Board of the UNICEF might be followed which furnishes normative principles and provides useful guidelines for drafting an appropriate

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definition of child labour. Measures must then be directed towards eliminating child labour. The Convention as well as the Constitution and domestic legislation (Mines Act 1923; the Merchant Shipping Act 1923; the Factories Act 1934; the Shops and Establishments Ordinance 1969; the Employment of Children Act 1991, etc) prohibit the employment of children below a specified age limit in hazardous/harmful occupations/professions. The Employment of Children Act 1991 - the latest statute in the area of child employment, and enacted particularly in the context of enforcing the principles of the Convention - in its Schedule lists certain occupations/processes in which the employment of children below 14 years of age is prohibited. However, certain other equally harmful/injurious occupations/processes, such as employment in a brick-kiln industry, sanitary work and work on farm where child might be exposed to chemical/toxic materials, are not included in the Schedule. These occupations may, therefore, also be added to the Schedule. The Constitution and some statutes prohibit the employment of children below 14 years of age in a factory or mine or any other hazardous occupation. The purpose is to save children from being employed on jobs that might be injurious to their health or detrimental to their moral or psychological development. The age of 14 is too early a stage to let the tender mussels of children being exposed to the rigors and hardships of labour. It may also deprive children of their right to complete school education. The constitutional limit prescribes a minimum standard and by no means prohibits the fixation of a higher limit. The prescribed 14 years age limit is also incongruous with the international conventions. There also exist clear and categorical injunctions of Islam, which provide for the protection of children against physical harm and abuse or exploitation. Accordingly, the Constitution and other statutes may be suitably amended so that the minimum age limit for employment is raised to 15 years.

The list of hazardous occupations and other processes (mentioned in the Schedule to the Employment of Children Act 1991) should be periodically reviewed and updated, in keeping with the latest developments and expanding scientific knowledge on the subject. Furthermore, necessary safeguards must be provided to workers in such establishments. The Convention on the Rights of the Child, ILO conventions and the Constitution of Pakistan provide for an absolute prohibition of child employment in any factory or mine and any other hazardous employment/occupation, making no exception for such work being undertaken under a family surrounding. The Merchant Shipping Act 1923 and the Employment of Children Act 1991, however, make such an exception. In situations when the parents happen to be greedy or callous or ignorant or negligent or not themselves incharge of the business, such an exception might be exploited to the detriment of working

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children. However, this is an area where law enforcement would be difficult. Accordingly, the Commission recommends that to start with, a media campaign may be launched for educating parents and others about the negative/adverse affect on child labour. A vast number of children are engaged in domestic service. Children, indeed, due to their manifest vulnerability to exploitation (long working hours, small wages, no paid holidays, etc), are a preferred commodity for domestic service. Chances of abuse/exploitation of children in such service are therefore ever present. At present the services of domestic servants are totally unregulated. The Commission takes the view that due to the prevailing unsatisfactory situation in respect of law enforcement, and the pressing need of the family to supplement its income in order to survive, further consideration of the proposed draft legislation for regulating domestic servants is differed. The Commission however, would emphasize on socio-economic measures to improve the conditions of children including appropriate incentives for the family to send their children to schools. The Convention as well as the Constitution of Pakistan prohibits the employment of children in hazardous/harmful occupations. The Government may, therefore, devise effective steps with a view to prohibit the employment of children in professions/occupations regarded unsafe for or injurious to health or harmful to the physical/mental/social/spiritual development of children. For this purpose appropriate enforcement/monitoring mechanism should be created/strengthened, authorities/officials designated and procedure devised for entertaining complaints. Many children in the urban setting are self-employed, doing odd jobs under extremely difficult conditions. Similarly, many children in the rural setting are employed in agriculture sector, where they may be exposed to chemical/toxic material, injurious to health. Besides suffering in health, such children are also deprived of their right to acquire education. The underlying causes for this state of affairs are numerous, varying from poverty to income-disparity and high rate of unemployment in the society. The Government should, therefore, take appropriate measures aimed at resolving these problems so that reliance on child labour is minimized. Regulatory framework should follow once a favorable climate is created. There is a need for disseminating information regarding the Convention, constitutional provisions and other related legislation pertaining to the rights of children. Thus, the local government institutions, social/cultural/educational/religious institutions, NGOs and mass media, etc should be associated in the task of mobilizing support for the rights and welfare of the children.

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An essential component of such campaign must be the impartation of training to professionals/officials (police, judicial officers, labour officers, social welfare staff, probation officers, etc) having a role in the enforcement of laws/rules relating to children. Legislative measures in order to be effective must be accompanied by a full-fledged mechanism for their enforcement/implementation. Accordingly, the Government should establish/strengthen institutions for the enforcement of relevant laws/rules such as Employment of Children Act 1991 and the Bonded Labour System (Abolition) Act 1992. The present allocation of resources towards child welfare should be enhanced so that their basic needs such as food, nutrition, health care, education, etc are fulfilled. The Government may also consider giving appropriate directions to the provincial governments of KPK, Sindh and Baluchistan to consider enacting legislation (on the pattern of Punjab Compulsory Elementary Education Act 1995) for introducing compulsory elementary education in their respective jurisdiction. Such law should be duly enforced.

CONCLUSION
Nowadays it has become a growing interest for every academics, professionals, and media to consider an issue of child labour. It is universally acceptable that child labour is undesirable phenomenon but main concern is to tackle this problem. Proposed paper identifies key determinants that has relation with child labour and provides comparative results quantitatively and econometrically as it can better help in policy implications for all provinces of Pakistan. One of the interesting result study discovers, is perception of parents regarding unstable job market, it means employer is also responsible in shaping culture of child labour. They think today about unemployment of their child in future, it may be because of seeing existing job market structure or might any member from family have experienced no gain from education. It is clear that countrys current job market structure not just affect graduates but poor household decision as well, as they do not want to send child to school. Legislative sanction like banning child labour cannot be a final solution it could have opportunity cost for society, but efficient action plan regarding policy can reduce child labour in Pakistan. Making efficient job market by creating employment opportunities especially for poor but it should be necessary after certain level of education, quality education schools with facilities, subsidized education, credit facility for poor, trained and qualitative teachers in schools as they could not waste time of child for their personal work, quality assurance authorities for schools, incentives for parents who send children to school rather to market, are some of the motivational factors that can reduce child labour and will make a child from labourer to only school going student.

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REFERENCES Ray, R. and Lancaster, G. (2005) The impact of childrens work on schooling: Multi-country evidence International Labour Review, Vol. 144 (2005), No. 2 Ray, R. (2001) Simultaneous Analysis of Child Labour and Child Schooling: Comparative Evidence from Nepal and Pakistan Pakistan Development Review. Ahmed, Manzooruddin, 1991 Child Labour - A Time to Reflect UNICEF, Pakistan and Govt. of Baluchistan, Pakistan. Moazam, Mahmood, 1994 Why Do Children not go to School in Pakistan Some Estimates and A Theoretical Framework The Pakistan Development Review (Islamabad). http://www.scribd.com/doc/28347999/Child-Labour-Long-Report http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Child_labour_in_Pakistan http://www.google.com.pk/Child labour.com

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APPENDIX

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Interview
Name:______________________________ Age: _______________________________ Family monthly income: ______________________ Do you have any other financial supporting source? ____________________ What is the reason due to which you are working? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Have you ever gone to school? _________________ What is your salary? __________________________ What are the problems that you are facing due to low income? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Q: Do you want to continue your study, if you are given a chance? Yes No No comments Q. Which social evil are children most vulnerable to in child labor? Drugs Sexual abuse Violence/Crime Various diseases such as AIDS/HIV Gender: ____________________________

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If other, please specify __________ Q. Do you know any NGO working for the rights of child labor? If yes then how many of them you know? 1 2 3 or more

None

Q. Is there any existing act in Pakistans constitution which protects child labor? Yes and efficient Yes and in-efficient No but would be efficient if existed Do not know/unaware of any

Q. In which sector is child labor mostly found? Automobile Industry Agriculture Manufacturing Leather industry

If others please specify____________ Q. With the development in science and technology, what do you think is the growth in child labor? Decrease Increase No change

Q. Is the poor education a cause of child labor? Yes No Q. Why does child labor still exist in Pakistan after all the laws and reforms?

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Signature: _________________________________

Survey:
Q. What do you know about child labor?______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Q. Will child labor decrease as poor countries develop? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Q. Does child labor really affect us? How or how not? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Q. Who is responsible for child labor? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Q. Is child labor totally harmful or is it useful as well? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________

Q. In which sector is child labor mostly found? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________

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Q. How it harms a child? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________

Q. Which social evil are children most vulnerable to in child labor? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________

Q. What an individual can do to stop it? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Q. Is it possible to finish child labor? If yes then how? ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________

Designation:______________________________

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Organization:_____________________________

Signature:________________________________