INTRODUCTION HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE Hydrostatic pressure is, the pressure exerted by a fluid at equilibrium due to the force of gravity.

A fluid in this condition is known as a hydrostatic fluid. So our Hydrostatic pressure lab was to determine the hydrostatic pressure of water on a flat surface. Adding weight and then filling the tank with water to the point where the apparatus was in equilibrium. so we can calculate the force on the flat surface using the given equations. If a liquid sits in a tank, then it exerts force on the side of the tank. This force is caused by gravity, and the greater the depth of the liquid then the greater the force. Pascals principleasserts that the force exerted by a body of water depends on depth alone, and is the same in all directions. Thus the force on a point in the side of the tank is defined to be the depth of the liquid at that point times the density of the liquid. Naturally, if we want to design tanks which will not burst their seams, it is important to be able to calculate this force precisely.

THEORY a) Partially Immerged Vertical Plane Surface

1.F=pg[Bd2/2] 2.h=2ml/pBd2 3.h=H-[d/3] Experimental Theoretically

b) Fully Immerged Vertical Plane Surface

1.F=pgBD[d-D/2] 2.h=mgL/F=[mL/pBD(d-D/2)] 3.h=[(d-D/2)2+(D2/2)/(d-D/2)]+H-d

INSTRUMENT

1.Hydrostatic pressure apparatus

2.Beaker

3.Copper

STEP 1.Place the hydrostatic pressure apparatus on the top of hydraulic bench. 2.Make sure that the apparatus is installed properly. 3.Level the apparatus using the adjustable feet the facilitate by the spirit level attached. 4.Adjust the counter weight to level the balance arm to horizontal position. 5.Make sure that drain valve is closed and slowly add water into the tank until the surface just surface just touches the quadrant base,thus establishing a datum level corresponding to zero at the level scale. 6.Place a 50 g weight on the balance pan and slowly add water into the tank until the balance arm is again horizontal. 7.Record the mass of weight (m) and depth of immersion (d) in the experimental data sheet. 8.Repeat steps 6 and 7with increasing number or weight until the tank is full of water. 9.Drain off the water after the experiment is completed.

DISCUSSION The force applied in the system vertical face of buoyant material counter acts the mass added to the hanging arm. so we know that if we move away from the sea level, the pressure will change either with air or water. So in our experiment also change in pressure because of the weight of the water above and buoyant forces clearly show the properties of water. The water pressure was so high that we add the mass 2N to 10N even still quadrant was able to support it in static equilibrium. So the idea let us to believe that the curved area allows for a larger surface with which the water can act upon for less change in depth. This would explain such a large jump in force applied after breaking the upper plane of the vertical face.

CONCLUSION The graphical analysis of our lab shows that a linear relationship between Hydrostatic force and Average Depth for the Partially Submerged and the graph of Hydrostatic Force and Average Depth for Fully Submerged is also linear. Our Theoretical force compared to the measured force were nearly identical with a percent errors of 2.04e^-14%. The error in the distance to the centre of pressure compared to the theoretical was outrageously high with a percent error of 50.42%. The graphical analysis showed a linear relationship between Hydrostatic Force and Average Depth for only fully submerged. The graph of Hydrostatic Force and Average Depth for partially submerged is not perfectly linear.