Tank Gauging

Historical overview Enraf instruments

Servo

PV70 800/801

802

811

854 990 Flexline

Radar
872 873 MIT
MTT

970 973/971 VITO

MTT MRT/MPT
Ni191/Cu90

Temperature

Spot Pt100 MRT

MESC

MIR
MRT/MPT

MRT-MTT-MPT Microlect, Analog

Density 1950
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Hydrostatic (HIMS/HTG) Dip & Profile (Servo)

60

70

80

90
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00

10

20

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Servo level gauging

Introduction
apparent weight S

Archimedes law

[DW] = Displacer Weight [DV] = Displacer Volume = product density

apparent weight (grams)

S = [DW] - [DV]

max. [DW]

weight

min. [DW] - [DV]

weight buoyancy

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Servo level gauging

Setpoint [S1]
For level measurement a certain apparent weight (setpoint) is required
apparent weight apparent weight

Setpoint closer to displacer weight less immersion Advantages:

less influence of product density (variations) less contamination of displacer less influence of turbulence

apparent weight (grams)

max. [DW]

apparent weight (grams)

max. [DW]

[S1]
min. [DW] - [DV]

[S1] = [DW] - 15

[S1]
min. [DW] - [DV]

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Servo level gauging

Influence of Product Density Changes

Immersion i = Example
[DW] = 223 gr. [DA] = 64 cm = 800 kg/m (0.8 gr/cm) i=

[DW] - [S1] [DA]

223 - 208= 0.29 cm (2.9 mm) 64 0.8

0.9
= 0.9 i=

Influence of density variations 0.7

= 0.7

i=

223 - 208 = 0.26 (2.6 mm) 64 0.9 223 - 208 = 0.33 (3.3 mm) 64 0.7
0.5 mm

Density change of 100 kg/m causes level change of

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Servo level gauging

Influence of contamination
Immersion i=

[DW] - [S1] [DA] 223 - 208 = 0.29 cm (2.9 mm) 64 0.8

S1=208 Displacement 15 gr.

Displacer clean: i =

Displacer contaminated: i= i=

[DW] = 223 gr.

([DW] + contamination) - [S1] [DA] (223 + 10) - 208 64 0.8

S1=208 Displacement 25 gr.

i = 0.49 cm (4.9 mm) Level error Conclusion: = 2.9 - 4.9 = -2 mm contamination of 1 gr. causes level error of -0.2 mm
Weight = [DW] + 10 gr. Contamination = 233 gr.

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Servo level gauging

Influence of turbulence
Horizontal (error is significant)
[S1] = [DW] - 15: automatic correction 854: positioning actions (up/down) use of stilling well

Vertical (S

[S1], integration action)

adjustable integration time [T1] stable read-out accurate average A<B A L average t A B B A>B A A=B B

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Servo level gauging Servo sensitivity

Minimum required level change for level measurement
instrument sensitivity S 854 0.3 gr. level change i 0.1 mm (displacer size [DA] = 64 cm)

Sensitivity depends on
instrument sensitivity S (manufacturer) displacer diameter (application)
811: standard 140 mm support pipe (if any) 8" 854: standard 90 mm support pipe (if any) 6"

Servo on 2" stilling well

use displacer diameter 45 mm level sensitivity i 0.2...0.4 mm ( = 0.8 gr/cm)

i i=

([DW] - [S1]) S [DA]

Sensitivity:

i=

S [DA]

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Servo level gauging

Summary
Setpoint [S1] = [DW] - 15 [g]

Immersion

[DW] - [S1] [DA]

i=

[mm]

Sensitivity

S [DA]

[mm]

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