TEST: PROPERTIES OF MATTER

"The largest living land mammal is the absent mind."

1. A 12-cm long glass capillary tube is dipped vertically in
water. The water rises up to 9 cm. If the centre
arrangement is put in a freely falling elevator, the length
of water column in the tube will be
(a) 12 cm (b) 9 cm
(c) 3 cm (d) 0 cm
2. A ball floats on the surface of water in container
exposed to the atmosphere. When the container is
covered and the air is partially removed, then the ball
(a) rises (b) get immersed more in water
(c) remains immersed at its former depth
(d) may rise or sink
3. A body floats with
3
1
of its volume outside water and
4
3
of its volume outside another liquid. The density of
other liquid is
(a)
4
9
g cm
-3
(b)
9
4
g cm
-3

(c)
3
8
g cm
-3
(d)
9
3
g cm
-3

4. A body of weight mg is hanging on a string, which
extends its length by l. The work done in extending the
string is
(a) mgl (b) mgl/2
(c) 2mgl (d) none of these
5. A body with a volume V neither sinks nor floats in a
liquid. If the vessel containing the liquid falls with an
acceleration
3
g
, then the volume of the solid inside the
liquid in the falling condition is
(a) V (b)
2
V

(c)
3
V
(d)
6
V

6. A clean glass capillary tube is held vertically in water.
Water rises to a height of 7 cm. The tube is now
depressed and only 5 cm of its length is above water.
The angle of contact will now be :
(a)
(

5
7
cos
1
(b)
(

7
5
cos
1

(c)
(

7
5
tan
1
(d)
(

7
5
sin
1

7. A concrete sphere of radius R has a cavity of radius r
which is packed with saw-dust. The specific gravities of
concrete and saw dust are 2.4 and 0.3 respectively. The
sphere floats with its entire volume submerged under
water. The ratio of mass of concrete and the mass of
saw dust is
(a) 2 (b) 3
(c) 4 (d) 6
8. A cube is compressed at 0C equally from all sides by
an external pressure P. By what amount should its
temperature be raised to bring it back to the size it had
before the external pressure was applied ? (Given : K is
bulk modulus of elasticity of the material of the cube
and o is the coefficient of linear expansion.)
(a)
o K
P
(b)
o K 3
P

(c)
P
3to
(d)
P 3
K

9. A cube is shifted to a depth of 100 m in a lake. The
change in volume is 0.1%. The bulk modulus of the
material is nearly
(a) 10
6
Pa (b) 10
4
Pa
(c) 10
7
Pa (d) 10
9
Pa
10. A cubical block of wood 10 cm on a side floats at the
interface between oil and water, as in Fig. with its lower
face 2 cm below the interface. The density of the oil is
0.6 g cm
-3
. The mass of the block is
(a) 340 g (b) 680 g
(c) 80 g (d) 10 g
11. a small iron sphere is dropped from a great height. It
attains its terminal velocity after having fallen 32 metre.
Then, it covers the rest of the path with `terminal
velocity only. The work done by air friction during the
first 32 metre of fall is x. The work done by air friction
during the subsequent 32 m of fall is y. Then
(a) x > y (b) x < y
(a) x = y (d) y = 32 x
12. A small steel ball of mass m and radius r is falling
under gravity through a viscous liquid of coefficient of
viscosity q. If g is the value of acceleration due to
gravity, then the terminal velocity of the ball is
proportional to
(a)
r
mgq
(b) mgqr
(c)
q
mgr
(d)
q r
mg

13. A solid sphere made of a material of relative density 9
has a concentric spherical cavity. This sphere just floats
in water, the whole of it submerged in water. If the cube
of the radius of the solid sphere is 9 (units)
3
, then the
radius of the spherical cavity is
(a) 2 units (b) 3 units
(c) 4 units (d) 6 units
14. A spherical ball falls through a viscous medium with
terminal velocity v. If this ball were replaced by
another ball of the same mass but half the radius, then
the terminal velocity will be [Neglect the effect of
buoyancy.]
(a) v (b) 2v
(c) 4v (d) 8v
15. A spherical drop of water has 1mm radius. If the
surface tension of water is 70 10
-3
N/m, then the
difference of pressures between inside and outside of
the spherical drop is
(a) 35 N/m
2
(b) 70 N/m
2

(c) 140 N/m
2
(d) zero

16. A steel ring of radius r and cross-sectional area `A is
fitted on to a wooden disc of radius R (R > r). If
Youngs modulus be E, then the force with which the
steel ring is expanded is
(a) AE
r
R
(b) AE |
.
|

\
|
r
r R

(c)
A
E
|
.
|

\
|
r
r R
(d)
AR
Er

17. A steel wire is suspended vertically from a rigid
support. When loaded with a weight in air, it extends by
I
a
. When the weight is completely immersed in water,
the extension is reduced to l
w
. Then the relative density
of the material of the weight is
(a)
w a
a
l l
l

(b)
w
a
l
l
(c)
w a
w
l l
l

(d)
a
w
l
l

18. A stretched rubber has
(a) increases kinetic energy
(b) increased potential energy
(c) decreased kinetic energy
(d) decreased potential energy
19. A uniform rod of mass m, length L, area of cross-
section a and Youngs modulus Y hangs from the
ceiling. The elongation under its own weight will be
(a)
aY 2
mgl
(b)
aY
mgl

(c)
aY
mgl 2
(d) zero
20. A water film is formed between two straight parallel
wires of 10cm length 0.5 cm apart. If the distance
between two wires is increased by 1mm. What will be
the work done? (Surface tension of water=72dyne/cm)
(a) 72 erg (b) 144 erg
(c) 288 erg (d) 36 erg
21. A wire of length L and cross-sectional area A is made
of a material of Youngs modulus Y. If the wire is
stretched by an amount x, then what is the work done ?
(a)
L 2
YA
(b)
L 2
YAx
(c)
L
YAx
2
(d)
L 2
YAx
2

22. One gram of iron and 1 cm
3
of aluminium are dropped
into water. Which of the following statements is correct
?
(a) Aluminium will experience larger buoyant force
than iron.
(b) Iron will experience larger buoyant force than
aluminium.
(c) Both iron and aluminium will experience the
same buoyant force.
(d) Aluminium shall experience zero buoyant force.
23. Rate of diffusion is
(a) faster in gases than in liquids and solids
(b) equal to solids, liquids and gases
(c) faster in liquids than in solids and gases
(d) faster in solids than in liquids and gases
24. Rigidity modulus of steel in q and its Youngs modulus
is Y. A piece of steel of cross-sectional area a is
stretched into wire of length L and area a/10. Then
(a) Y increases and q decreases
(b) Y and q remain the same
(c) Y decreases and q increases
(d) both Y and q increases.
25. The addition of soap changes the surface tension of
water to o
1
and that of salt changes to o
2
. Then
(a) o
1
> o
2
(b) o
1
< o
2

(c) o
1
= o
2
(d) it is not possible to predict the above
26. The Bernoullis theorem is based on the conservation of
(a) mass (b) energy
(c) momentum (d) all
27. The compressibility of a material is
(a) product of volume and its pressure
(b) the change in pressure per unit change in
volume strain
(c) the fractional change in volume per unit change
in pressure
(d) none of the above
28. The density of ice is x g cm
-3
and that of water is y gcm
-
3
. What is the change in volume when m g of ice melts ?
(a) m(y-x) cm
3
(b)
m
x y
cm
3

(c) m x y (x y) cm
3
(d) m
|
|
.
|

\
|

x
1
y
1
cm
3

29. The end of a capillary tube of radius r is immersed in a
liquid of surface tension o, angle of contact zero and
density . the amount of heat liberated is
(a)
g
2

to
(b)
g
2
2

to

(c)
g
2
3

to
(d)
g
4
2

to

30. The fraction of a floating object of density d
0
above the
surface of a liquid of density d will be
(a)
d
d
0
(b)
0
0
d d
dd
+
(c)
d
d d
0

(d)
0
0
d d
d

31. The length of an elastic string is `a metre when the
tension is 4 N, and `b metre when the tension is 5 N.
The length in metre when the tension is 9 N is
(a) 5b 4a (b) 4a 5b
(c) a + b (d) b a
32. The lower end of a capillary tube of radius r is placed
vertically in water. With the rise h of water in the
capillary tube, heat evolved is (Take as the density of
water)
(a)
g
2

t
h (b)
g
t
hr
(c) zero (d)
2
g h r
2 2
t

33. Two capillary tubes of same radius r but of length l
1
and
l
2
are fitted in parallel to the bottom of vessel. The
length of a single tube that can replace the two tubes is
(a) l
1
+ l
2
(b) l
1
l
2

(c)
2 1
l
1
l
1
+ (d)
2 1
2 1
l l
l l
+

34. Two soap bubbles, each with a radius r, coalesce in
vacuum under isothermal conditions to form a bigger
bubble of radius R. Then R is equal to
(a) 2
-1/2
r (b) 2
1/3
r (c) 2
1/2
r (d) 2r
35. Two spherical soap bubbles coalesce. If V is the
consequent change in volume of the contained air, S is
the total change in surface area and o is the surface
tension of soap solution, then
(a) P
0
V + 4So = 0 (b) 3P
0
V + 4oS = 0
(c) 4P
0
V + 3oS = 0 (d) P
0
V - oS = 0
36. Water flows in a streamline manner through a capillary
tube of radius a, the pressure difference being P and the
rate of flow Q. If the radius is reduced to
2
a
and the
pressure is increased to 2 P, the rate of flow becomes
(a) 4Q (b) Q
(c)
2
Q
(d)
8
Q

37. Water rises in a capillary tube up to a height h. Water
wets the tube completely. The tube is gradually
depressed into the water. The height at which the
surface becomes flat is
(a)
2
h
(b)
4
h 3
(c)
4
h
(d) zero
38. Water rises in a vertical glass capillary tube up to a
length of 8 cm. If the tube is inclined at 45, the length
of water column in the tube will be
(a) 4 cm (b) 3 cm
(c) 8 2 cm (d)
2
8
cm
39. We have two different liquid A and B whose relative
densities are 0.75 and 1.0 respectively. If we dip solid
objects P and Q having relative densities 0.6 and 0.9 in
these liquids, then
(a) P floats in A and Q sinks in B
(b) P sinks in A and Q floats in B
(c) P floats in B and Q sinks in A
(d) P sinks in B and Q floats in A
40. What is the pressure energy of a liquid of mass m and
density ?
(a)

Pm
(b)

P
(c)

m
(d) Pm
41. What is the ratio of surface energy of 1 small drop and
1 large drop if 1000 drops combined to form 1 large
drop?
(a) 100:1 (b) 1000:1
(c) 10:1 (d) 1:100
42. What is the Youngs modulus of elasticity for a
perfectly rigid body ?
(a) infinity (b) zero (c) 1 (d) 1
43. When a large bubble rises from the bottom of a lake to
the surface, its radius doubles. The atmospheric
pressure is equal to that of a column of water of height
H. The depth of the lake is
(a) 8 H (b) 7 H (c) 2 H (d) H
44. When a liquid flows through a horizontal capillary
tube, the fall in pressure p and rate of flow Q are related
as (a) p Q (b) p
Q
1

(c) p Q2 (d) p
2
Q
1

45. When a water drop is broken in two smaller droplets
then which one remains similar to the original drop:
(a) their radii (b) surface area
(c) masses (d) temperature

46. When the tension in a metal wire is T
1
, its length is l
1
.
When the tension is T
2
, length is l
2
. The natural length
of wire is
(a) ) l l (
T
T
2 1
1
2
+ (b) T
1
l
1
+ T
2
l
2

(c)
1 2
1 2 2 1
T T
T l T l

(d)
1 2
1 2 2 1
T T
T l T l
+
+

47. When two soap bubbles of radii r
1
and r
2
(r
2
> r
1
)
coalesce, the radius of curvature of common surface is
(a) r
2
r
1
(b)
2 1
1 2
r r
r r

(c)
1 2
2 1
r r
r r

(d) r
2
+ r
1

48. Which of the following affects the elasticity of a
substance?
(a) hammerging and annaling
(b) change in temperature
(c) impurity in substance
(d) all of these
49. Which of the following works on Pascals law?
(a) Sprayer
(b) venturimeter
(c) Hydraulic lift
(d) Aneroid barometer
50. Work W is required to be done in forming a bubble of
volume V from a given solution. What amount of work
is required to be done to form a bubble to volume 2V ?
(a) W (b) 2 W
(c) 2
1/3
W (d) 4
1/3
W

SOLUTION SET
1. choice is (a) Only the upward force due to surface tension is
there.
2. choice is (b) The loss in upthrust due to air needs to be
compensated.
3. choice is (c)
3
V 2
1 g = mg ;
4
V
g = mg
Comparing,
4
V
g =
3
V 2
1 g or =
3
8
g cm
-3

4. choice is (b) Loss in potential energy = mgl = work done in
stretching + energy stored in it due to elasticity Energy due to
elasticity = volume strain stress
2
1

=
L
l
A
mg
2
1
(A L) =
2
1
mgl
Work done = mgl
2
mgl
2
mgl
=
5. choice is (a) Both the uprthust and weight are equally
affected.
6. choice is (b) h =
g r
cos 2

u o
or h cos u
Now

=
0 cos
cos
h
' h u
or cos u =
7
5
or u = cos
-1

(

7
5

7. choice is (c)

3
4
tr
3
0.3 g +
3
4
[R
3
r
3
] 2.4 g =
3
4
tR
3
1 g
or 0.3r
3
+ 2.4R
3
2.4 r
3
= R
3

or 1.4R
3
= 2.1r
3
or
2
3
r
R
3
3

or
2
1
r
r R
3
3 3
=

Now,
dust saw of mass
concrete of mass
2
1
3 . 0 r
3
4
4 . 2 ] r R [
3
4
3
3 3
=

=
t
t
8 = 4
8. choice is (b) K =
T 3
P
VT
PV
V
PV
o
= =
A
or T =
o K 3
P

9. choice is (a) 10 m column of water exerts nearly 1
atmosphere pressure. So, 100 m column of water exerts
nearly 10 atmosphere pressure, i.e., 10 10
5
Pa or 10
6
Pa.
10. choice is (b) mg = [100 2 1 + 100 8 0.6] g m =
(200 + 480) g = 680 g
11. choice is (b) Air friction is proportional to velocity.
12. choice is (d) Since the steel ball is given to be small
therefore upthust may be neglected. Now, 6tqrv
0
= mg or v
0


r
mg
q

13. choice is (a)
3
4
tR
3
1 g =
(

3 3
r
3
4
R
3
4
t t 9 g
or R
3
= [R
3
r
3
]9 or 9r
3
= 8r
3
= 8 9 or r = 2 units
14. m =
3
4
tr
3
Keeping m constant, if r is halved, will
increased by a factor of 8. Now, v
0
r
2
v
0

4
r
2
(8)
or v
0
2r
2

Dividing,
0
0
v
' v
= 2 or v
0
= 2v
0
or v
0
= 2v
15. P =
3
3
10
10 70 2
r
2S

= = 140 N/m
2
choice is (c)
16. choice is (b) Change in length of ring = 2tR - 2tr
Longitudinal strain
r
r R
r 2
r 2 R 2
=

=
t
t t

or E =
r
r R
A / F

or E =
) r R ( A
Fr

F =
r
) r R ( EA

17. choice is (a) If V is the volume of load and its relative
density Y =
a a
Al
gL V
Al
FL
= (1)
When the load is immersed in liquid,
Y =
w
Al
L ) g 1 V g V (
(2)
Equating,
w a
l
1
l

=

or (l
w
l
a
) = - l
a
or =
w a
a
l l
l

18. When rubber is stretched, some work is done against the
elasticity of rubber, which appears as elastic potential energy.
Due to which the potential energy of rubber increases.
choice is (b)
19. choice is (a) Y =
l a
2
1
) mg (
A
or Al =
aY 2
mgl

20. W = 2S AA = 2 72 (0.6 0.5) 10
= 144 ergs choice is (b)
21. choice is (d) Work done =
2
1
Fx
But Y =
Ax
FL
L / x
A / F
= or F =
L
YAx

Work done =
L 2
YAx
x
L
YAx
2
1
2
=
22. choice is (a) Volume of 1 g of iron is less than 1 cm
3
. So, the
volume of water displaced by iron will be less than the
volume of water displaced by aluminium. So, iron shall
experience less buoyant force than aluminium.
23. rate of diffusion r
density
1

As density of gases is less than that of solids or liquids,
so the diffusion is faster in gases than in solids and liquids.
choice is (a)
24. Modulus of rigidity and Youngs modulus of elasticity are
constants for a given material. choice is (b)
25. choice is (b) When a substance is highly soluble in a liquid,
the surface tension is increased. Example : NaCl, ZnSO
4
etc.
dissolved in water. When the substance is sparingly soluble,
the surface tension is reduced. Example : Phenol or soap
solution in water.
26. Bernoullis theorem is based on law of conservation of
energy. choice is (b)
27. choice is (b) K =
V
V
P
A
A
;
P
V / V
K
1
A
A
=
28. choice is (d) Volume of ice =
x
m

Volume of water =
y
m

Change in volume =
(

=
x
1
y
1
m
x
m
y
m
cm
3

29. choice is (b) Amount of heat liberated = Work done Gain
in potential energy =
g
2
g
2
g
4
2 2 2

to

to

to
=
30. choice is (c) Let v be the volume, of the object, above the
surface of the liquid. If V be the total volume of the object,
then (V v) dg = Vd
0
g
or
d
d
V
v V
0
=

or
d
d d
d
d
1
V
v
0 0

= =
31. choice is (a) 4 (a l) 5 (b l) 9 (L l)
Dividing (1) by (2), we get
l b
l a
5
4

=
or 4b 4l = 5a 5l or l = 5a 4b
Again, dividing (1) by (3)
l L
l a
9
4

=
or 4L 4l = 9a 9l or 4L = 9a 5l
or 4L = 9a 5 (5a 4b) or 4L = 9a 5(5a 4b)
or 4L = 20b 16a or L = 5b 4a
32. Refer to the above solution. Heat liberated =
g
2
2

to

But h =
g r
2

o
or o =
2
g hr

Heat liberated =
2
g r h
2
g hr
g
2
2 2
2
t

t
=
(

33. choice is (d)
2
4
1
4 4
l 8
pr
l 8
pr
L 8
pr
q
t
q
t
q
t
+ = or
2 1
l
1
l
1
L
1
+ =
or
2 1
1 2
l l
l l
L
1 +
= or L =
2 1
2 1
l l
l l
+

34. choice is (c) Since conditions are isothermal, therefore,
energy will be conserved. 2[24tr
2
o] = 2 4 t R
2
o or R
2
=
2r
2
or R = 2
1/2
r
35. choice is (b) Assume the conditions to be isothermal. PV =
P
1
V
1
+ P
2
V
2
|
.
|

\
|
|
.
|

\
|
+
3
0
R
3
4
R
4
P t
o
= |
.
|

\
|
|
|
.
|

\
|
+
3
1
1
0
R
3
4
R
4
P t
o

|
.
|

\
|
|
|
.
|

\
|
+ +
3
2
2
0
R
3
4
R
4
P t
o

or P
0

(

3
2
3
1
3
R
3
4
R
3
4
R
3
4
t t
3
4o
= [4tR
l
2
+ 4tR
2
2

- 4tR
2
] or P
0
V
3
4o
= S or 3P
0
V + 4oS = 0
36. choice is (d) V =
8
Q
l 8
2
a
) P 2 (
4
=
|
.
|

\
|
q
t

37. choice is (d) When u = 90, cos u = 0 h = 0
38. choice is (d) cos 45 =
l
8
or l =
45 cos
8
or l = 8 2 cm
39. choice is (c) The relative density of object P is less than the
relative density of both the given liquids. So, P will float in
both the liquids. The relative density of Q is higher than the
relative density of liquid A. So, Q sinks in A.
40. choice is (b) Pressure energy per unit mass is

P
.
41. As
3
4
tR
3
= 1000
3
r
3
4
t
R = 10r
Surface energy of small drop
E
1
= S 4 tr
2

Surface energy of large drop
E
2
= S 4 t (10r)
2

E
1
/E
2
= 1/100 choice is (d)
42. choice is (a) Y =
strain
stress
;
In the case of perfectly rigid body, strain is zero.
43. choice is (b) P
1
V
1
= P
2
V
2

P
1

3
4
tR
3
= H
3
4
t(2R)
3

or P
1
= 8H So, depth of lake = (8H H) = 7H
44. choice is (a) Factual.
45. Total mass of the original drop is equal to the total masses of
both the droplets. choice is (c)
46. choice is (c) Y =
l a
Fl
A
Y, l and a are constants

l
F
A
= constant or Al F Now, l
1
l T
1

and l
2
l T
2
Dividing,
2
1
2
1
T
T
l l
l l
=

or l
1
T
2
lT
2
= l
2
T
1
lT
1

or l(T
1
-T
2
) = l
2
T
1
l
1
T
2

or l =
2 1
2 1 1 2
T T
T l T l

or l =
1 2
1 2 2 1
T T
T l T l

47. choice is (c)
2 1
r
4
r
4
R
4 o o o
= or
2 1
r
1
r
1
R
1
= or R =
1 2
2 1
r r
r r

48. We know that hammering increases the elasticity and
annealing decreases the elasticity. Increase in temp, increases
the elasticity whereas decrease in temp decreases it. The
impurity in substance increases the elasticity of a substance.
choice is (d)
49. The working of hydraulic lift is based on Pascals law.
choice is (c)
50. choice is (d) V =
3
4
tR
3
; 2V =
3
4
tR
3
;
2
3
4
tR
3
=
3
4
tR
3
;
R = 2
1/3
R
W = 2 4t [2
1/3
R]
2
o = 2
2/3
2 4tR
2
o = 4
1/3
W