IN1LCRA1LD LAND USL ASSLSSMLN1 ILUA

IN1LCRA1LD LAND USL ASSLSSMLN1 ILUA

2AM8IA
2AM8IA







2ambia Iorestry Department
Ministry of 1ourism Lnvironment and Natural Resources
Iood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations




Integrated Land Use Assessment ILUA Republic of 2ambia



Iunding through
Mlnlstry of 1ourlsm Lnvlronment und Nuturul Resources M1LNR 2umblu
lood und Agrlculture Crgunlzutlon of the Unlted Nutlons lAC
1he Covernment of the Republlc of llnlund
lACNetherlunds Purtnershlp Progrumme lNPP

Implementing Agencies
2umblu lorestry Lepurtment M1LNR

n collaboraron wrn
Survey Lepurtment Mlnlstry of Lunds
Centrul Stutlstlcs Cfflce Mlnlstry of llnunce und Nutlonul Plunnlng
Mlnlstry of Agrlculture lood und llsherles
2umblu vlldllfe Authorlty
Unlverslty of 2umblu
Copperbelt Unlverslty
2umblu lorestry College
Locul Authorltles Councll

Advisory and 1echnical Supervision
lAC lorest Resources Levelopment Servlce lCMR

Report Compilation
'uckson Mukoshu Asslstunt Nutlonul Coordlnutor 2umblu lorestry Lepurtment
Abel Slumpule Nutlonul Consultunt 2umblu lorestry Lepurtment



lll
TABLE OF CONTENTS
AClNCvLLLCLMLN1 ............................................................................................................... x
ACRCNYMSANLA33RLvlA1lCNS...........................................................................................xl
LLCU1lvLSUMMARY ............................................................................................................ xlll
.3AClCRCUNLlNlCRMA1lCN...............................................................................................
.z Elstoryundsettlng.....................................................................................................
.z. Elstory ........................................................................................................................
.z.z Locutlonundterruln ..................................................................................................
.z. 2umbluscllmuteundhydrology ...............................................................................
.z. 2umblusvegetutlontypes ........................................................................................
. LxpressedneedforthelLUAproject ......................................................................
. lACsupporttothelLUAproject ..............................................................................
. 1helLUAprojectobjectlves ......................................................................................
.6 Colluborutlnglnstltutlons......................................................................................... 6
., Revlewofpustforestresourcelnventorlesln2umblu........................................... 6
.,. Lurlyreglonulforestlnventorles.............................................................................. 6
.,.z Llstrlctlorestlnventorles.........................................................................................,
.,. NutlonulvoodLnergyCoverundvoody3lomusslnventorles.............................,
.,. SouthernAfrlcuLevelopmentCommunlty(SALC)voodLnergyStudy...............,
.,. 2umblulorestryActlonProgrumme.........................................................................,
.,.6 CtherlorestAssessments ....................................................................................... 8
.8 Revlewofpustugrlculturulussessmentsln2umblu ...............................................
.8. 3uckgroundlnformutlononugrlcultureussessments............................................
.8.z 1ypesofugrlcultureussessmentsconducted........................................................ z
. Llvellhoodsussessments ......................................................................................... z
z.lLUAllLLLlNvLN1CRYML1ECLCLCCY ...........................................................................
z. Surveydeslgnundprocedures................................................................................
z.z 1ruct,plotundsubplotdescrlptlon ........................................................................
z. Lunduseclusslflcutlonsystem................................................................................ ,
z. 1ypeofdutuvurlubles............................................................................................. zc
z. Socloeconomlcsurvey........................................................................................... zc
z.6 Eouseholdsurveysumpllngdeslgn ........................................................................ z
z.6. Procedureforhouseholdselectlon ........................................................................zz
z.6.z 1hehouseholdundhouseholdmembers...............................................................z
z., lLUAfleldworkorgunlzutlon ...................................................................................z
z.,. NutlonulMultldlsclpllnury1eum(NM1)..................................................................z
z.,.z Provlnclullocul1eums(Pl1)...................................................................................z
z.,. lleldCrew1eums(lC1) ...........................................................................................z
z.,. lleldtools,muterlulsundequlpment .....................................................................z
z.,. 1rulnlngoffleldcrewsundprojectluunch.............................................................z
z.,.6 llelddutucollectlon(meusurements,observutlonundlntervlews) ................... z6
z.,., 1ructusslgnmenttofleldteums............................................................................. z6
z.8 llelddutuentry,processlngundunulysls...............................................................z,
z.8. llelddutuprocesslng.............................................................................................. z8
z.8.z llelddutuunulysls ................................................................................................... z8
lv
. llLLLlNvLN1CRYRLSUL1S............................................................................................ z
. Sumpllnglntenslty................................................................................................... z
.. Rellubllltyofestlmutes ........................................................................................... c
.z Lunduseureu ...........................................................................................................z
.z. Areuof2umbludlvldedlntoullLundUseClussesundlorest1ypes ....................
.z.z AreuofforestcoverexpressedusuproportlonoftotullundperProvlnce ........
.z. Areuofforesttypesundproportlonoftotulforestundtotullundcover............
.z. Areuof2umbludlvldedlntoownershlp ................................................................ 6
.z.. Areuofforestsbydeslgnutedfunctlons&protectlonstutusln2umblu............. 8
.z.6 AreuofforestbyAgroLcologlcul2onesperProvlnce.........................................
.z., AreuofforestbyClobulLcologlcul2ones..............................................................
.z.8 Munugementurrungementofforests....................................................................
.z. Areuofforestbystundorlgln .................................................................................z
.z.c Areuofforestbystundstructure...........................................................................
.z. AreuofforestbyshrubcoverugeperProvlnce ....................................................
.z.z Areuofforest&otherwoodedlundbydegreeofdlsturbunce .......................... 6
. volumeResults........................................................................................................ ,
.. CrowlngstockbyMujorLundUseCluss................................................................ 8
..z CrowlngstockbyullLundUseClussesundlorest1ypes.....................................
.. Crowlngstockbylorest1ype................................................................................ c
.. CommerclulvolumebyMujorLundUseCluss........................................................
.. CommerclulvolumebyMujorLundUseClussbyProvlnce ...................................z
..6 Commerclulvolumevs.growlngstockvolumebyProvlnce.................................
.., Commerclulvolumevs.growlngstockvolumebyMujorLundUseCluss...........
..8 Commerclulvolumebylorest1ype........................................................................
.. Commerclulvolumebylorest1ypeundProvlnce.................................................
..cCommerclulvolumebydlumeterdlstrlbutlon...................................................... 6
.. Crowlngstockvolumeundstemsperhecturebydlumeterdlstrlbutlon ...........,
. 1reedenslty,frequencyundspeclesdlstrlbutlon................................................. 6z
. Regenerutlonpotentlullnnuturulforestcovertypes .......................................... 6
.6 3lomussundcurbonstocksresults........................................................................ 6
., lLUAsocloeconomlcresults.................................................................................. 68
.,. Loculcommunltlespopulutlonuroundtructs ....................................................... 6
.,.z lorestproductsundservlces ................................................................................. ,c
.,. lmportunceoftreespecles .....................................................................................,
.,. Annuulhouseholdlncome...................................................................................... ,
.,. Cropproductlon.......................................................................................................,
.,.6 Llvestockproductlonuctlvltles .............................................................................. ,6
.,., AccesstoResources ............................................................................................... ,8
.,.,. Accesstolund ......................................................................................................... ,8
.,.,.z Levelofugrlculturullnpututlllzutlon..................................................................... ,
.,.,.Accesstocredlt ....................................................................................................... 8c
.,.,.Accesstoextenslonservlces................................................................................... 8
. LANLUSLANLLANLCCvLRMAPPlNCRLSUL1S........................................................ 8z
. lmugeprocesslngmethodology ............................................................................ 8z
.z Lundusejcoverclusslflcutlonmethodology.......................................................... 8
v
.z. leuturelnterpretutlonundextructlonforlundusemupplng.............................. 8
.z.z Provlnclullundusemupvulldutlon......................................................................... 8
. lLUAlundusemupplngresults............................................................................... 8
.. AreuoflundunderforestsbyProvlnce................................................................. 86
..z AreuofnonforestedlundbyProvlnce.................................................................. 88
. Lundcoverchungedetectlon................................................................................. 8
. CCNCLUSlCNS .................................................................................................................
6. RLCCMMLNLA1lCNS..................................................................................................... cz
6. luturemonltorlng.................................................................................................. cz
6.z Addltlonullnformutlonneeds ............................................................................... c
6. Pollcyuctlons..........................................................................................................c
6. LxtenslonPhuseoflLUA .......................................................................................c
6. Cupuclty3ulldlng.................................................................................................... c
RLlLRLNCLS ........................................................................................................................... c,
AnnexlLlstoflLUAcontucts ...............................................................................................c
AnnexzlLUAlleldlorms......................................................................................................,
AnnexlLUAvurlubles..........................................................................................................
AnnexLlstof1reespeclesmeusuredlnthelLUAfleldlnventory ...................................
vl
LIST OF TABLES
1uble:1hetotulcostbreukdownofthelLUAuctlvltles .......................................................z
1ublez:lorestussessmentsconductedlnthepust .............................................................. c
1uble:1ructdenslty...............................................................................................................
1uble:1ructlnuccesslbllltyundcuuses.................................................................................
1uble:lLUAPlotlocutlonundorlentutlon ...........................................................................
1uble6:lACbusedlundusejforesttypeclusslflcutlonforlLUA.......................................... ,
1uble,:lntervlewgroupsundlnformutlonobtulned........................................................... zc
1uble8:lLUAtructusslgnmentperfleldcrew.......................................................................z,
1uble:lleldlnventorybusellnedutu ................................................................................... z
1ublec:LstlmutesofmujorlunduseundcorrespondlngSL............................................ c
1uble:LstlmutesofmulnforesttypesundcorrespondlngSL.........................................
1ublez:1otulureuof2umblubyMujorLundUseClusses....................................................z
1uble:1otulureuof2umblubyulllunduseclussesjforesttypes(ccchuund)...........
1uble:Areuofforest(ccchu)undltsproportlonperProvlnce......................................
1uble:Areuofforesttype(ccchu)undltsproportlontototullundcover ................... 6
1uble6:Areu(ccchu)offorestundotherwoodedlundbytreecunopycoverclusses . 6
1uble,:Mujorlunduseclussbyownershlp(ccchu)..........................................................,
1uble8:Areuoftreecunopycoverbylundtenure ............................................................. 8
1uble:lorestsbyAgroecologlculzonesperprovlnce(ccchu) .................................... c
1ublezc:lorestureu(ccchu)byClobulecologlculzones..................................................
1ublez:Proportlonofforestureuundermunugementurrungement ................................
1ublezz:Areuofforest(ccchu)bystundorlglnperProvlnce ...........................................z
1ublez:Areuofforest(ccchu)bystundorlglnperforesttype .......................................z
1ublez:Areuofforest(ccchu)bystundstructureperProvlnce ....................................
1ublez:Areuofforest(ccchu)bystundstructureundforesttype................................
1ublez6:Lxtentofshrubcoverugelnforests(ccchu)perProvlnce................................
1ublez,:1otulgrowlngstock(mllllonm

)undsumpllngerrorformujorlunduseclusses8
1ublez8:volumeperhecture(m

jhu)undexpundedvolumesoverulllunduseclussesund
foresttypes .............................................................................................................................
1ublez:volumeperhecture(m

jhu)undgrossvolume(mllllonm

)bymujorlunduseper
Provlnce................................................................................................................................... c
1ublec:Crowlngstockvolume(mllllonm

)forullforesttypes........................................ c
1uble:volumeperhecture(m

jhu)undCrossvolume(mllllonm

)byforesttypeper
Provlnce....................................................................................................................................
1ublez:Commerclul1reeSpeclesln2umblu ...................................................................z
1uble:1otulcommerclulvolume(mllllonm

)undvolumeperhectureformujorlunduse
clusses.......................................................................................................................................z
1uble:Commerclulvolumeperhecture(mjhu)undtotulcommerclulvolume(mllllon
m)bymujorlunduseperProvlnce .......................................................................................z
1uble:ProportlonofcommerclulvolumetototulgrowlngstockbyProvlnce...............
1uble6:Proportlonofcommerclulvolume(mllllonm

)tototulgrowlngstockbyMujor
LunduseCluss .........................................................................................................................
1uble,:Llstrlbutloncommerclulvolume(mllllonm

)byforesttype................................
vll
1uble8:Commerclulvolumeperhecture(m

jhu)undtotulcommerclulvolume(mllllon
m

)byforesttypeperProvlnce............................................................................................. 6
1uble:volumeperhecture(m

jhu)byL3Efortopcommerclultreespecles........... 6
1ublec:Numberofstemsjhuundfrequencylnforestsundtreesoutsldeforests .......... 6z
1uble:StemsperhecturebyL3Eclussforzcmostfrequentspecles............................ 6
1ublez:StemsperhecturebyL3Eforcommerclultreespecles.................................. 6
1uble:1otulubovegroundblomussundblomussdensltylnthemujorlunduseclusses6,
1uble:1otulblomuss,deudwoodundcurbonstocksln2umblu ..................................... 6,
1uble:SputluldlstrlbutlonofblomussbyProvlnce.......................................................... 68
1uble6:Numberofyeursforsettlements .......................................................................... 6
1uble,:ProportlonofureuusedfordlfferentproductsundservlcesbyProvlnce.......... ,c
1uble8:Areuofforestfortlmberexploltutlonbyforesttype ...........................................,z
1uble:1otulundmeunnumberofllvestockownedbysumplehouseholds...................,,
1ublec:Applledlunduseundforesttypeclusslflcutlonforremotesenslngmupplng.... 8
1uble:Cverullforestureuestlmutes(lundusemupplng) ................................................ 86
1ublez:ProportlonofforestsbyProvlnceundtotulforestcover .................................... 8,
1uble:Llstrlbutlonoflundunderforestsbyforesttypes................................................ 8,
1uble:Llstrlbutlonofnonforestedlundln2umblu......................................................... 88
vlll
LIST OF FIGURES
llgure:Communltypurtlclputlonlnforestmeusurements ...................................................
llgurez:Communltysensltlzutlonbeforefleldmeusurements .............................................z
llgure:Compurlngstockestlmutesfrompuststudles ........................................................
llgure:lLUA1ruct,plotundsubplotLeslgn ....................................................................... 6
llgure:LundusejforesttypeclusslflcutlonforthelLUAln2umblu ...................................
llgure6:lLUALutuProcesslng,lLEQsLusuku.....................................................................z,
llgure,:lLUALutuLntry,lLEQsLusuku ............................................................................. z8
llgure8:Mujornutlonullunduseclussesbyownershlp()..................................................,
llgure:Proportlonofullforestsbyprotectlonstutus.......................................................
llgurec:lorestureu(ccchu)stundstructureperProvlnce..........................................
llgure:Proportlonofforestundotherwoodedlundureuunddegreeofdlsturbunce.. 6
llgurez:Proportlonofdlsturbunce(levelofhumunuctlvlty)overullforesttypes ......... ,
llgure:3ruchysteglusplclformls.........................................................................................
llgure:CompurlsonofcommerclulvolumetototulgrowlngstockbyProvlnce ...........
llgure:CrossvolumeperhecturebyLbhclussovertotulureuof2umblu..................... 8
llgure6:StemsperhecturebyLbhclussovertotulureuof2umblu................................. 8
llgure,:CrossvolumeperhecturebyLbhclusslnullforests...........................................
llgure8:StemsperhecturebyLbhclusslnullforests.......................................................
llgure:CrossvolumeperhecturebyLbhclussforthedlfferentforesttypes .............. 6c
llgurezc:StemsperhecturebyLbhclussforthedlfferentforesttypes .......................... 6c
llgurez:CrossvolumeperhecturebyLbhclussovermujorlunduseclusses .................. 6
llgurezz:StemsperhecturebyLbhclussovermujorlunduseclusses .............................. 6
llgurez:Regenerutlonpotentlul(stemsjhu)byforesttype.............................................. 6
llgurez:lormulususedforculculutlngblomussundcurbon............................................ 66
llgurez:Runkofproductsundservlcesderlvedfromnuturulforestsumongst
households ............................................................................................................................... ,
llgurez6:lmportunttlmberspeclesbyrunkedhlghest.....................................................,
llgurez,:Productsundservlcesussessedbymujorlunduse ..............................................,
llgurez8:Proportlonoflundundercultlvutlonlnsumplehouseholds .............................. ,6
llgurez:Contrlbutlonofdlfferentspeclestototulllvestockunlts....................................,,
llgurec:Llstrlbutlonoflundownershlponugrlculturullund ........................................... ,8
llgure:Levelofugrlculturelnpututlllzutlonumongstsurveyedhouseholds................. ,
llgurez:1humbnullofLundsut1MjL1Mlmugesfor2umblu........................................... 8z
llgure:Nutlonulmosulcfor2umblu .................................................................................. 8
llgure:Sutellltelmugethumbnullforzcc ...................................................................... 8
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LIST OF MAPS
Mup:Sumpllngluyout,tructdlstrlbutlonunduccesslblllty .................................................
Mupz:Agroecologlculzonemupof2umblu........................................................................ c
Mup:Modelleddlstrlbutlonoftotulhouseholdlncome.....................................................,
Mup:Accesstocredlt .......................................................................................................... 8c
Mup:1otulllvestocklnrelutlontodlstuncetoextenslonservlces .................................... 8
Mup6:LunduseundforestcovermupCentrulProvlnce .................................................... 8
Mup,:LunduseundforestcovermupCopperbeltProvlnce............................................. c
Mup8:LunduseundforestcovermupLusternProvlnce.....................................................
Mup:LunduseundforestcovermupLuupuluProvlnce ................................................... z
Mupc:LunduseundforestcovermupLusukuProvlnce....................................................
Mup:LunduseundforestcovermupNorthernProvlnce ................................................
Mupz:LunduseundforestcovermupNorthwesternProvlnce........................................
Mup:LunduseundforestcovermupSouthernProvlnce................................................ 6
Mup:LunduseundforestcovermupvesternProvlnce................................................. ,
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ACkNOWLLDCLMLN1S

1he lntegruted Lund Use Assessment Report ls the result of mujor effort und
colluborutlon ucross lnstltutlons ln 2umblu us well us lAC und the Covernments of llnlund
und the Netherlunds 1he Llrectorute of lorestry through the Mlnlstry of 1ourlsm
Lnvlronment und Nuturul Resources M1LNR of the Republlc of 2umblu would llke to
express heurtfelt grutltude und uppreclutlon to those who ln one wuy or unother mude
the lntegruted Lund Use Assessment lLUA Project progress smoothly therefore muklng
lt posslble for the lorestry Lepurtment us leud lnstltutlon to uccompllsh the project
objectlves

Crutltude ls extended to the lood und Agrlculture Crgunlzutlon of the Unlted Nutlons
lAC who provlded technlcul und flnunclul usslstunce together wlth fundlng
contrlbutlons from the lAC Netherlunds Purtnershlp Progrumme lNPP und the llnnlsh
Covernment through the llnnlsh Lmbussy ln Lusuku Support recelved from the lAC
country offlce wus ulso hlghly upprecluted vuluuble usslstunce wus ulso provlded by the
Covernment of the Republlc of 2umblu who wlth flnunclul und muterlul support
lmplemented the lntegruted Lund Use Assessment lLUA the flrst of lts klnd ln the
country

1he lorestry Lepurtment through the M1LNR would ulso llke to extend slncere
grutltude und uppreclutlon to the 1CLC lnternutlonul consultunt Mlchel 3ussll und other
lAC technlcluns who provlded vuluuble technlcul lnput such us Lun Altrell Anne
3runthomme Ceorge Eubert lewln lumelurczyk Mlkko Leppunen Peter Lowe Ylvu
Melln 1lm Roblnson Mohumed Suket und Rebeccu 1uvunl Speclul thunks ure ulso
extended to the Nutlonul Consultunts Sumuel 3wulyu Eyde Euuntubu 1homson lullndu
Augustlne Mulowu Abel Slumpule und Sltwulu vumunylmu und colluborutlng
Covernment Mlnlstrles und lnstltutlons ln purtlculur fleld crew members who endured
muny dlfflcultles durlng fleld dutu collectlon ucross the country
xl
ACRONYMS AND A88RLvIA1IONS

ASlP Agrlculture Sector lnvestment Progrumme
AC3 Aboveground 3lomuss
3CLl 3lomuss Converslon und Lxpunslon luctor
3Ll 3lomuss Lxpunslon luctor
3C3 3elowground 3lomuss
3SAC 3rltlsh South Afrlcun Compuny
C3L Conventlon on 3lologlcul Llverslty
CSC Centrul Stutlstlcs Cfflce
L1M Llgltul 1erruln Modellng
Lv3 Leudwood 3lomuss
LC2 Lnvlronmentul Councll of 2umblu
L1M Lnhunced 1hemutlc Mupper
LNR Lnvlronment und Nuturul Resources
LSP Lnvlronmentul Support Progrumme
lAC lood und Agrlculture Crgunlzutlon
lACR lood und Agrlculturul Crgunlzutlon Representutlve ln 2umblu
lC1 lleld Crew 1eum
lL lorestry Lepurtment M1LNR
lLEQ lorestry Lepurtment Eeudquurters
lCMR lorest Resources Levelopment Servlce
lNPP lAC Netherlunds Purtnershlp Progrumme
lRA lorest Resources Assessment
lRMP lorest Resource Munugement Progrumme
lSP lorestry Support Progrumme
CAL2 Clobul AgroLcologlcul 2ones
ClS Ceogruphlcul lnformutlon System
CLCP Clobul Lund Cover Project
CC2 Covernment of 2umblu
CPS Clobul Posltlonlng System
CS Crowlng Stock
EQ Eeudquurters
lL lnstltutlon Levelopment
llASA lnternutlonul lnstltute for Applled Systems Anulysls
lLUA lntegruted Lund Use Assessment
lLvlS lntegruted Lund und vuter lnformutlon System
lPCC lntergovernmentul Punel on Cllmute Chunge
lS lnformutlon System
lv lnlund vuter
LCA Letter of Agreement
LU Llvestock Unlt
MACC Mlnlstry of Agrlculture und Cooperutlves
MAll Mlnlstry of Agrlculture lood und llsherles
MLvL Mlnlstry of Lnergy und vuter Levelopment
MlNP Mlnlstry of llnunce und Nutlonul Plunnlng
MCL Mlnlstry of Lunds
xll
M1LNR Mlnlstry of 1ourlsm Lnvlronment und Nuturul Resources
CL Cther Lund
CvL Cther vooded Lund
NC Nutlonul Consultunt
NlA Nutlonul lorest Assessment
NM1 Nutlonul Multldlsclpllnury 1eum
NlMA Nutlonul lorest Monltorlng und Assessment
NPC Nutlonul Project Coordlnutor
NP1L Nutlonul Project 1usk lorce
NvlP Nonvood lorest Products
PlAP Provlnclul lorestry Actlon Progrumme
Pl1 Provlnclul locul 1eum
PES PostEurvest Survey
PlL Plunnlng und lnformutlon Lepurtment M1LNR
PPL Pollcy und Plunnlng Llvlslon M1LNR
RS Remote Senslng
SALC Southern Afrlcu Levelopment Communlty
SL Survey Lepurtment
SL Sumpllng Lrror
1CLC 1echnlcul Cooperutlon between Leveloplng Countrles
1CP 1echnlcul Cooperutlon Progrumme
1M 1hemutlc Mupper
1CR 1erms of Reference
1SC 1echnlcul Steerlng Commlttee
UNCLL Unlted Nutlons Conference on Lnvlronment und Levelopment
UNlCCC Unlted Nutlons lrumework Conventlon on Cllmute Chunge
U1M Unlversul 1runsverse Mercutor
2AlllCC 2umblu lorestry und lorest lndustrles Corporutlon
2lAP 2umblu lorestry Actlon Progrumme

xlll
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1he lntegruted LundUse Assessment (lLUA) zcczcc8, whlch complles u wlde urruy of
stutlstlculundsputluldutuonthelundusesltuutlonln2umblu,lstheflrstofltsklndlnthe
country. 1he stutlstlcul dutu, ucqulred through fleld surveys ut zz sumple plots spreud
ucross the country conslsted of fleld meusurements, observutlons und locul lntervlews
whlch cuptured dutu reluted to forestry, llvestock und ugrlculture ln un effort to ussess
condltlonsonthegroundundtolnvestlgutellnksbetweenthethreesectors.
1he2umblulorestryLepurtment(2lL),leudlnstltutlonresponslbleforlmplementlngthe
lLUA, currled out the fleld dutu collectlon durlng zcc und zcc,, whlle the Mlnlstry of
Lunds, Survey Lepurtment wus responslble for the remote senslng survey, employlng
Lundsut 1M dutu from zcc for mupplng lund cover und forests. 1he overull technlcul
supportofthelLUAlmplementutlonhusbeenprovldedbythelAClorestryLepurtment
lnRome(lCMR).Cupucltybulldlngwusturgetedtomethodologydevelopment,sumpllng
deslgn, hurmonlzutlon of lund use clusslflcutlons, mupplng, fleld survey, dutu
munugement und reportlng und lncluded consultutlons wlth other government llne
mlnlstrlesunddepurtments.
1he lLUA fleld munuul contulns deflnltlons und procedures used to plun und perform un
lntegruted Lund Use Assessment ln 2umblu followlng the deflnltlons, crlterlu und
lndlcutorsdevelopedbythelorestResourcesAssessmentprogrumme(lRA)ofthelAC.
1he methodology ls bused on u systemutlc, nutlonwlde fleld sumpllng system. 1hls
methodologyhusulsobeentestedundlmplementedlnseverulothercountrlesslncezccc
(l.e. Costu Rlcu, Cuutemulu, Phlllpplnes, Cumeroon und Lebunon) prlmurlly to ussess
forestry resources. ln 2umblu, the ussessmenthus been extended to other sectors, such
usugrlcultureundllvestock.
1he purpose of the lLUA ls to ussess forestry und other reluted resources und lund use
pructlces, to provlde uptodute quulltutlve und quuntltutlve lnformutlon on the stute,
use,munugementundtrendsoftheseresources.1heussessmentcoversulurgerungeof
blophyslcul und socloeconomlc vurlubles, und thus provldes u broud vlew of forest
resourcesundrelutedlundusesforthecountryusuwhole.lnpurtlculur,thelnformutlon
servestheplunnlng,deslgnundlmplementutlonofnutlonulundlnternutlonulpollclesund
strutegles for sustulnuble use und conservutlon of forest resources, und to understund
therelutlonshlpbetweenforestsundthelrusers.Asldefromservlngnutlonuldutuneeds,
the lnformutlon produced from lLUA cun ulso enuble 2umblu to provlde uccurute
lnformutlon to u vurlety of lnternutlonul reportlng ugreements such us C3L, CCL UNll,
lRA und UNlCCC. 3y lntegrutlng the ussessment und monltorlng ucross forest und
ugrlculture sectors, posslbllltles ure ulso creuted for unulyzlng lund munugement us u
whole.
1he report hlghllghts results from both the fleld lnventory und the lund usejlund cover
mupplng components of lLUA followed by concluslons on lLUA flndlngs und lustly,
recommendutlonsonwheretogofromhere.
xlv
Somemujorkeyflndlngsure:
(). lorest cover, uccordlng to the lLUA fleld lnventorles, ls estlmuted ut
upproxlmutely.mllllonhuor66ofthetotullundcoverof2umblu.
(z). 1he totul growlng stock (volume) ucross ull lund uses for 2umblu ls estlmuted ut
z. bllllon m

, wlth the mujorlty of thls volume, z. bllllon m

, held ln semlevergreen
mlombodomlnutedforests.
(). 1hetotulnutlonulblomuss(l.e.uboveundbelowground)lsestlmutedut.6bllllon
tonnes,wlthunuddltlonulmllllontonnesofdeudwoodblomuss,forutotulblomuss
estlmuteof6bllllontonnes.Cfthlsblomuss,thereureupproxlmutelyz.8bllllontonnesof
curbon stored ln the forests. 1he potentlul for lncreused curbon sequestrutlon from the
terrestrlul forests ln 2umblu ls generully hlgh due to hlgh totul growlng stock of the
forests und potentlul for reduclng emlsslon from forests, us upproxlmutely z of the
forest ls consldered elther moderutely or heuvlly dlsturbed. Cver 6 of the forests ure
seconduryregenerutlonwlthuctlvegrowthpotentlul.
(). 1he meun volume of the forests ls relutlvely low, runglng from cm

jhu ln
declduous 3ulkleu forests und Mopune woodlund to 6,m

jhu ln evergreen muvundu

forests.Nuturulforestswlthtreecovergreuterthun,ccunberegurdedusrutherlntuct
forestlund, where some selectlve hurvestlng of vuluuble specles muy huve occurred. ln
theseforests,thetotulvolumelsubout8cm

jhu,whereuslndegrudedforestswlthtree
coverbetweencundc,thevolumelsreducedtouroundcm

jhu.
(). Legrudutlon of the forests cun be unulyzed from the recorded dlsturbunce levels
lntheforests.Some6oftheforestundCvLureuuredlsturbedlnonewuyorunother
by humun uctlvltles ln 2umblu. Eowever, only some ls consldered to be heuvlly
dlsturbed und the rest, 6, ure only sllghtly or moderutely. Areus wlthout dlsturbunces
uccountedforoftheforests.Accordlngto thelLUA,the2umblunforestshuvegood
potentlulforregenerutlon.
(6). Mostofthelundln2umblu(6)lspructlcullyownedundmunugedbycustomury
uuthorltles. Cf the totul forestlund, ubout mllllon hectures (6) ure locuted on
customury lund und only z mllllon hectures ure locuted on Stute lund (z). Prlvutely
ownedforestswlthlegullundtltlesuccountformllllonhectures.
(,). lorestsprovldeunlmportuntsourceofllvellhoodforrurulcommunltles.3usedon
the household survey, use of NvlPs ls less common thun the use of mujor wood
products, however, some households lndlcuted thut they use u vurlety of products from
forests,whlchhlghllghtsthelmportunceofthemultlpleusesofforestsundthenumerous
products thut cun beneflt locul communltles. Llfferent lncome levels determlne whlch
forest products ure utlllzed. ln purtlculur, poorer households wlth lncomes of less thun
cc,ccc2lvjyeur (s8jyeur) show u hlgher dependence () on fuelwood thun those
whoeurnmorethun,ccc,ccc2lvjyeur().Poorerhouseholdsulsolndlcutedgreuter
dependenceonmedlclnulpluntsundpluntfood.
xv
1helLUAlnventorydutulsuvuluublesourceofdutuforestubllshlngunutlonuldutubuse
on the lund use resources und wlth cureful fllterlng und unulysls cun contrlbute to
plunnlng efforts towurds sustulnuble forest munugement. Anulysls of lLUA dutu und
llnklng lt to unclllury und other geosputlul dutu wlth speclul uttentlon to pertlnent
ugrlculturulundcllmutechungelssueslnthecountrycunulsobeusefullnlnformlngpollcy
declslonformulutlonuswelluslnmonltorlngundevuluutlngpollcylmpucts.
1helLUAdutucunglvepollcymukersunlndlcutlonofthelundcoverundlunduseundlts
currentstutusundthereforeusslstlndeveloplngstruteglesforlmprovlngundmulntulnlng
sustulnubleforestmunugementundblodlversltymunugement.lnuddltlon,thelLUAdutu
could shed llght on lnformutlon requlred to meet food securlty und poverty reductlon
needs by provldlng forest reluted socloeconomlc dutu und glvlng un lndlcutlon of
cultlvutedlundundotherlunduseputterns.

8ACkCROUND INIORMA1ION

1he nuturul resource ussessment ls essentlul to the sustulnuble munugement of
resources Cne of the most lmportunt objectlves of resources ussessment ls to provlde
lnformutlon to support the development of nuturul resource pollcles und progrums for
the sustulnuble munugement und conservutlon of nuturul resources

ln the Unlted Nutlons Conference on Lnvlronment und Levelopment UNCLL wus
held ln Rlo de 'unelro ln 3ruzll 1he Covernment of the Republlc of 2umblu slgned thls
conventlon ln 1he Rlo conventlon expllcltly hus u provlslon stutlng thut tlmely
relluble und uccurute lnformutlon on nuturul resources ls necessury for publlc
understundlng und lnformed declslonmuklng should be mude uvulluble by the
purtlclputlng countrles As u slgnutory of Conventlon of 3lologlcul Llverslty C3L the
Covernment of 2umblu hus un obllgutlon to furnlsh needed lnformutlon on nuturul
resources 1he present lntegruted Lund Use Assessment lLUA hus udopted u set of
nutlonul und globul hurmonlzed terms und deflnltlons to provlde lnformutlon for nutlonul
reglonul und lnternutlonul reportlng 1hese muy be used for the formulutlon of nuturul
resources pollcles forestry progrums overull nuturul resources munugement und
sustulnuble development

Slnce lts creutlon ln lAC hus been
reportlng on the worldwlde stutus und trends
of forest resources thelr munugement und
uses All member countrles ure lnvolved ln
the process und ure the key pluyers ln dutu
generutlon 1he requlred dutu ure collected
us best they cun be und colluted to prepure
the report 1he dutu however muy or muy
not be bused on systemutlc lnventory ln the
cuse of 2umblu estlmutes reported to lAC
were prlor to lLUA bused on
vegetutlon mups hlghllghtlng the deep need
for uptodute dutu on forest resources lAC
ln un uttempt to enhunce the rellublllty of
such dutu luunched the progrum of support
to Nutlonul lorest Assessments lncludlng the
support to the present lLUA ln 2umblu
Iigure Community participation in forest
measurements

1he lLUA project support

ln 'unuury the Covernment of the Republlc of 2umblu upprouched lAC to request
usslstunce vlu the 1echnlcul Cooperutlon Progrumme 1CP to curry out u Nutlonul
lorest Assessment NlA 1he letter of Agreement between lorestry Lepurtment of lAC
und Mlnlstry of 1ourlsm Lnvlronment und Nuturul Resources wus slgned ln 'uly 1he
lntegruted Lund Use Assessment Project 1CP2AM A wus flnully endorsed by
lAC ln 'unuury und slgned
by the 2umblun Covernment on
st Murch 1he lLUA wus
luunched ln August lts
contlnuutlon wus mude
posslble us u result of the
contrlbutlon the lAC 1CP und
the Covernment of the
Republlc of 2umblu
counterpurt funds chunneled
throughout the project 1he
project ulso recelved support
wlth llmlted uddltlonul fundlng
provlded by the lAC
Netherlunds Purtnershlp
Progrum lNPP


1he Covernment of llnlund mude uvulluble on u grunt busls u contrlbutlon umountlng up
to Luros to support the lntegruted Lund Use Assessment of 2umblu durlng the
perlod 'uly to 'une 1hls support wus requested to help complete the lLUA

1uble 1he totul cost breuk down of the lLUA uctlvltles
Institution Contribution Amount USD
lorestry Lepurtment Contrlbutlon US
lAC Contrlbutlon US
lNPP Contrlbutlon US
llnnlsh Lmbussy Contrlbutlon US
1otal US


Iigure Community sensitization before field measurements

Bistory and setting

Bistory

Northern Rhodeslu wus udmlnlstered by the 3rltlsh South Afrlcu Compuny from untll
lt fell under 3rltlsh rule ln Lurlng the s und s development of the mlnlng
lndustry fueled development und lmmlgrutlon lt wus llberuted und deslgnuted us 2umblu
ln us un lndependent soverelgn country lorest munugement ln 2umblu wus lnltluted
before lndependence durlng the 3rltlsh South Afrlcun Compuny Crgunlzed lorestry wus
declured by ordlnunce of us the flrst lorest Pollcy

Location and terrain

2umblu ls u lundlocked country found ln the southern reglon of Afrlcu lylng between
Lutltudes
o
und
o
South of the Lquutor und Longltudes
o
und
o
Lust of the
Creenwlch Merldlun 1he country ls surrounded by the Lemocrutlc Republlc of Congo
1unzunlu Muluwl Mozumblque 2lmbubwe Numlblu 3otswunu und Angolu lt hus u
surfuce lund ureu of lm

most of whlch forms the hlghest purts of the pluteuu

lylng between und metres ubove seu level 1he hlghest purts of the country
ure ln the northeustern of the country wlth the pluteuu gruduully sloplng to the south
west

2ambias climate and hydrology

2umblus ultltude puts lt ln the broud belt of temperute hlghlunds whlch moderutes whut
would otherwlse be u hursh troplcul cllmute 1he temperutures runge from
o
to
o
C ln
the cool und dry seuson from
o
C to
o
C ln the hot und wet seuson 1hese
churucterlstlcs result lnto two mujor cllmutlc extremes numely the semlurld western
reglon und the swumpy Luke 3ungweulu ureu ln the northeustern purt of the country

1he countrys muln drulnuge systems ure the 2umbezl lufue Luungwu und the
ChumbeshlLuupulu Rlvers whlch together wlth the lukes provlde 2umblus most
lmportunt wuter flsherles und tourlsm resources 1he unnuul summer rulnfull runges
from to mm durlng the perlod of NovemberMurch vurylng wlth lutltude und
ultltude Meun unnuul rulnfull decreuses from the Lquutor towurds the 1roplcul of
Cuprlcorn und from north und northeustern to the south und southwest

2ambias vegetation types

1he ecosystem nomencluture ln 2umblu ls bused on vegetutlon types und Chldumuyo und
Murjokorpl huve ldentlfled flve forest types numely the Lry evergreen Lry
declduous Montune Swump und Rlpurlun lorests und flve woodlund types the
Mlombo luluhurl Mopune Mungu und 1ermlturlu und the Crusslunds Under lLUA

clusslflcutlon these nutlonul vegetutlon clusses were reclusslfled lnto globul clusses
where the Mlombo woodlunds pluteuu und hllls ure the Seml evergreen forests
3ulklueu forests Mungu Mopune und luluhurl woodlunds ure the Leclduous forests
Rlpurlun Swump Purlnurl ltlgl und the Luke busln chlpyu forests ure evergreen forests
whlle the 1ermltury ussocluted bushes ure the Shrub thlckets und ull tree less ureus
comprlslng rlverllnes plulns dumbos ure elther grusslunds und or wooded grusslunds

ln uddltlon to the nuturul vegetutlon types pluntutlon forests of troplcul plnes und
euculyptus coverlng un ureu of ubout hectures huve been estubllshed countrywlde
wlth over of these occurrlng ln the Copperbelt Provlnce About hectures of
these lndustrlul pluntutlons ure munuged by u purustutul compuny culled 2umblu lorestry
und lorest lndustrles Corporutlon Llmlted 2AlllCC At the provlnclul level the lorestry
Lepurtment munuges hectures of reglonul und locul supply pluntutlons whlle the
remulnlng bulunce ls munuged by prlvute lndlvlduuls ut the semlcommerclul und furm
levels

Lxpressed need for the ILUA pro[ect

1he Covernment of 2umblu expressed the need for uptodute lnformutlon on the stock
und utlllzutlon of nuturul resources to usslst ln plunnlng und sustulnubly munuglng lund
resources Currently there ls no lntegruted lund use lnformutlon system ln the country
whlch would support nuturul resources development plunnlng 1herefore the
Covernments focus of lnterest concernlng lund use ls to put ln pluce un lntegruted lund
use ussessment system thut ulms to lmprove the monltorlng und hence munugement of
lund resources und thus contrlbute to poverty ullevlutlon lmproved food securlty und
sustulnuble economlc growth lntegruted lund use ussessments wlll ulso encouruge cross
sectorul coordlnutlon und colluborutlon brlnglng together stukeholders from dlverse
dlsclpllnes reluted to lund use munugement

Consequently the Covernment of 2umblu through the Mlnlstry of 1ourlsm Lnvlronment
und Nuturul Resources requested technlcul und flnunclul usslstunce from lAC to deslgn
und lmplement un lntegruted lund use ussessment lLUA survey wlth the objectlves of
bulldlng humun cupuclty lmprovlng the understundlng of the nutlons nuturul resource
buse reduclng poverty und promotlng economlc growth A 1echnlcul Cooperutlon
Progrum 1CP project wus lnltluted ln wlth uddltlonul fundlng provlded by the lAC
Netherlunds Purtnershlp Progrum lNPP und by governmentul counterpurt funds 1he
llnnlsh Covernment ulso contrlbuted greutly to the study ullowlng the project to be
completed by provldlng uddltlonul fundlng 1he muln uctlvltles lncluded ussesslng the
need for und cooperutlvely deslgnlng und lmplementlng un lLUA lACs lorestry
Agrlculture und Nuturul Resource Lepurtments colluboruted ln the deslgn und plunnlng of
the lLUA bulldlng upon un upprouch developed for Nutlonul lorest Assessments NlA
vurlubles reluted to sectors beyond forestry cropplng llvestock und envlronment were
lncluded und fleld munuuls und survey forms were developed


IAO support to the ILUA pro[ect

1hrough the 1echnlcul Cooperutlon Progrum 1CP lAC flnunced the technlcul
usslstunce to the Covernment of 2umblu through the lACs Leud 1echnlcul Unlt whlch
provlded the overull supervlslon of the project lmplementutlon lAC further provlded
technlcul usslstunce through nutlonul cupuclty bulldlng ln the followlng muln ureus
lorest und tree lnventory methodology development lncludlng sumpllng deslgn
clusslflcutlon system hurmonlzutlon und vurlubles
Llvellhoods und lund use lnventory methodology development lncludlng sumpllng
deslgn clusslflcutlon system hurmonlzutlon und vurlubles
lorest und lund use mupplng
lleld survey
Eousehold survey
Lutu processlng lnformutlon system development und reportlng und
lnformutlon munugement

Cupuclty bulldlng hus been currled out over the course of the project through workshops
trulnlng events onthejob guldunce und through communlcutlon und feedbuck 1he
lAC representutlve of 2umblu hus us lAC project budget holder provlded udmlnlstrutlve
usslstunce throughout the lmplementutlon of the vurlous phuses of the project All
Steerlng Commlttee Meetlngs were held ut the offlces of the lAC Representutlon und the
Mlnlstry of 1ourlsm Lnvlronment und Nuturul Resources

3efore lLUA no lnventory hud been currled out ln 2umblu spunnlng the entlre ureu of the
country wlth the sume methodologlcul upprouch to cupture dutu on ull the vurlous lund
use putterns 1he lLUA upprouch ls the flrst of lts klnd to lnventory both blophyslcul und
llvellhood uspects of resources thelr uses und munugement ucross the entlre nutlon

1he ILUA pro[ect ob[ectives

1he lntegruted Lund Use Assessment projects muln objectlves ure to usslst the 2umblun
Covernment to bulld up lts forestry und reluted sectors survey und plunnlng cupuclty und
to fucllltute ln the creutlon of u development uctlon progrum thut wlll coordlnute
resource use und monltorlng 1he core conslderutlons of lLUA ure to support lund use
lnstltutlons ln developlng thelr cupuclty to collect complle process und dlssemlnute
relluble und upduted lnformutlon on lund use to pollcy mukers through trulnlng nutlonul
provlnclul und dlstrlct stuff on lund use ussessments ln llne wlth modern concepts und
lntegruted upprouches 1he results of whlch wlll be the development of uptodute und
sound busellne lnformutlon on the stute munugement und use of nuturul resources thus
settlng up longterm resources monltorlng

Collaborating institutions

1he lLUA wus currled out ln colluborutlon wlth llne Covernment Lepurtments und
Mlnlstrles 1he projects leud lnstltutlon ls the lorestry Lepurtment Mlnlstry of 1ourlsm
Lnvlronment und Nuturul Resources und colluborutlng lnstltutlons ure Agrlculture
Mlnlstry of Agrlculture und Cooperutlves Survey Mlnlstry of Lunds Centrul Stutlstlcs
Cfflce Mlnlstry of llnunce und Nutlonul Plunnlng 2AvA 2umblu vlldllfe Authorlty
Unlverslty of 2umblu Copperbelt Unlverslty 2umblu lorestry College und Locul
Authorltles Councll

Lurlng the plunnlng phuse of lLUA u number of these lnstltutlons were consulted und
purtlclputed ln reflnlng the ussessment plun und methodology 1hey ure ulso represented
ln the orgunlzutlonul structure of lLUA ut dlfferent levels le Nutlonul Multldlsclpllnury
1eum Provlnclul locul 1eum und the lleld Crews

Review of past forest resource inventories in 2ambia

Larly regional forest inventories

Crgunlsed forestry und forest munugement ln 2umblu sturted ln the beglnnlng of the
s Mukoshu und lushlke b As unywhere else ln Southern Afrlcu the eurly
lnterest wus ln the estubllshment of exotlc pluntutlons ln 2umblu the mugnltude of
lndlgenous forests ln purtlculur Mlombo forests wus so vust und contulned such u lurge
number of vuluuble tree specles thut un eurly lnterest wus ulso developed ln determlnlng
the productlvlty of thls resource

1he flrst forest meusurement und lnventory uttempt ln Mlombo forest wus bused on
sumple plots neur Ndolu on the Copperbelt estubllshed between und 1hls wus
focused purtlculurly on the requlrements of the mlnlng lndustry whlch wus growlng lnto
the economlc buckbone of the country 1he mlnlng lndustry ln the Copperbelt needed
forest lnventorles to quuntlfy the uvulluble tlmber resource thut could be used for
reflnery poles und mlnlng structurul tlmber

1he need for further lnformutlon then led to the flrst extenslve reglonul forest lnventory
1hls wus currled out on the Copperbelt between und 1hls encouruged u smull
scule reglonul forest lnventory ln vestern Provlnce thut wus completed from to
1hut survey wus turgeted ut the locutlon und ussessment of the uvullublllty of suwn
tlmber for concesslon hurvestlng A speclul lnterest exlsted ln 2umbezl 1euk 3ulklueu
plurljugu or Mukusl Slnce Llvlngstones tlmes 2umbezl 1euk hud been wldely
regurded us the most vuluuble tlmber resource ln the ureu lt wus purtlculurly used to
munufucture rullwuy sleepers for much of Southern Afrlcu network Loyttynleml

District Iorest Inventories

Lurlng the perlod from to forest lnventorles becume more systemutlc 1hey
were extended from the Copperbelt und 2umbezl 1euk ureus to other purts of the
country Slmultuneously there wus ulso u pollcy shlft to decentrullze the colonlul
udmlnlstrutlon thut ulso uffected forest munugement 1he dlstrlct becume the unlt of
forest udmlnlstrutlon und forest lnventorles becume u dlstrlctlevel responslblllty

lorest lnventory lnformutlon wus guthered lnto volumlnous und musslve Llstrlct lorest
Munugement 3ooks lorest Lepurtment 1he books were luter urchlved ln the
lorestry Lepurtment Cfflces ln Ndolu und Lusuku 1he detulled forest lnventory
lnformutlon found ln the Llstrlct lorest Munugement 3ooks hus been the busellne dutu
for ulmost ull luter forest resource ussessments ln 2umblu ulthough dlstrlct lnventorles
ceused ln

National Wood Lnergy Cover and Woody 8iomass Inventories

1he flrst rlgorous ussessment of the totul woody blomuss volume ln 2umblu wus done ln
the mld s under the jurlsdlctlon of the Nutlonul vood Lnergy Consumptlon und
Resource Survey de 3ucker et ul 1he survey estubllshed u totul nutlonul forest ureu of
mllllon hectures und un ussocluted totul woody blomuss flgure uslng Llstrlct lorest
Munugement 3ooks us busellne dutu und us reference yeur 1he study estlmuted
thut the runge of forested und wooded ureu wus between und mllllon hectures
1he correspondlng estlmute for the totul woody blomuss volume the growlng stock
runged from to mllllon m

Southern Africa Development Community SADC Wood Lnergy Study

1he second ussessment of 2umblus woody blomuss resource wus completed by the L1C
loundutlon ln Eollund us purt of u Southern Afrlcu Levelopment Communlty SALC
wood energy study Lrkkllu L1C loundutlon 1he ussessment wus bused on
remote senslng technlques uslng smullscule sutelllte lmugery unulysls und covered the
whole SALC reglon No reference wus mude to Llstrlct lorest Munugement 3ook dutu

1he study concluded thut the 2umblun shure of the SALC woody blomuss resource wus
mllllon dry tonnes vlth un uveruge buslc woody denslty of kgm

for Southern
Afrlcu lndlgenous forest trees the dry woody tonnes correspond to mllllon m

of
wood volume 1he lndependent L1C estlmute thus fell wlthln the woody blomuss growlng
stock runge of the de 3ucker study



2ambia Iorestry Action Programme

1he thlrd ussessment of 2umblus forest resources buse wus done ln conjunctlon wlth the
2umblu lorestry Actlon Progrumme 2lAP 2lAP uguln used the Llstrlct lorest
Munugement 3ooks us u reference polnt 3used on them ln uddltlon to other uvulluble

lnformutlon over the pust yeurs us well us computer slmulutlons Alujurvl u
thorough provlnce by provlnce unulysls wus mude of 2umblus forest ureus und growlng
und woody blomuss stock for 2lAP Alujurvl concluded thut the totul ureu of forests und
woodlund wus mllllon hectures 1he totul growlng woody blomuss stock estlmute
wus mllllon m

out of the mllllon hectures forested ureus were meusured to

cover mllllon hectures wlth scuttered woodlund coverlng u further mllllon
hectures 1he estlmute for growlng woody blomuss stock ln forested ureus wus
mllllon m

wlth u further mllllon m

ln the scuttered woodlund

lollowlng shortly ufter the 2lAP work u new estlmute for 2umblus forested ureu wus
prepured for Unlted Nutlons uguln through SALC 1he conference report for the flfth
Aprll sesslon of the Unlted Nutlons Commlsslon on Sustulnuble Levelopment
reported thut 2umblus forest coveruge wus or mllllon hectures Strld
1he busls for the ussessment wus not glven ln the report

Other Iorest Assessments

Chldumuyo reports ln hls textbook on Mlombo ecology und munugement thut the
totul ureu of forest und Mlombo woodlund ln 2umblu ls mllllon hectures wlth un
uddltlonul mllllon hectures of suvunnuh woodlund 1hls would produce u totul ureu
of forest und Mlombo und suvunnuh woodlund of mllllon hectures 1hese ureu
estlmutes were ulso bused on extrupolutlons from older sources Chldumuyo und
were mostly derlved from 2lAP estlmutes

1he lutest estlmute for the forest cover ln 2umblu wus culculuted for the lood und
Agrlculture Crgunlzutlon lAC Clobul lorest Resources Assessment of lAC
1hut ussessment wus uguln bused on the Llstrlct lorest Munugement 3ooks ulthough
smullscule sutelllte lmugery wus ulso used Reference polnts for extrupolutlons were
glven by de 3ucker und Chukungu Reference yeur und Mukoshu und
vumunylmu Reference yeur 1he lRA lAC report stutes thut forests ln
2umblu cover mllllon hectures 1he ussessment complled through extrupolutlon
ruther thun forest lnventorles ls well documented und uvulluble onllne wwwfuoorg
No lnformutlon wus glven for the woody blomuss resource elther by volume or by dry
ton

ln the lute s und eurly s u serles of new forest lnventorles were lnltluted und
currled out by four forestry development progrummes us follows

1he Provlnclul lorestry Actlon Progrumme PlAP 1he PlAP lnterest wus ut the
provlnclul level und lnltlully ln selected forest reserves wlth the objectlve of
developlng effectlve pllot colluborutlve forest munugement progrummes 1he overull
objectlve of the progrumme wus lmproved llvellhood und stutus of forests ln
2umblu und the progrumme purpose wus sustulnuble colluborutlve forest
munugement pructlces belng lmplemented ln seven pllot forest ureus und experlence
shurlng



1he Lnvlronmentul Support Progrumme LSP 1he Lnvlronmentul Support
Progrumme hud flve ureus of envlronmentul concern numely deforestutlon wlldllfe
depletlon lund degrudutlon wuter pollutlon und sunltutlon und ulr pollutlon
Chlbombo dlstrlct wus ldentlfled us one of the ureus udversely uffected by
deforestutlon hence lt requlres urgent lnterventlon meusures to redress the
sltuutlon 1he forest lnventory wus conduct for the dlstrlct from th 'unuury to th
lebruury 1he objectlve of thls lnventory wus to quuntlfy the forest resource
buse ln the dlstrlct for the purpose of enhunclng revenue generutlon

1he lorestry Support Progrumme lSP 1he lorestry Support Progrumme ulmed ut
fucllltutlng the estubllshment of un uutonomous selfflnunclng forestry munugement
orgunlsutlon Under thls project u forest resource ussessment wus lmplemented over
the course of und 1he methodology used uptodute sutelllte
lmugery to deflne the llmlts of forest cover und to clusslfy lt lnto hlgh medlum und
lowdenslty clusses 1hese clusses were then used us the strutu ln u strutlfled rundom
sumpllng system ln euch provlnce 1hls lnventory determlned thut the forested ureu
hud decreused to mllllon hectures Eowever cure needs to be consldered wlth
the uppllcutlon of dutu ut provlnclul und locul levels when upplled to the nutlon scule

1he lorest Resource Munugement Progrumme lRMP 1he lRMP lnterest wus ut the
provlnclul level und lnltlully ln selected forest reserves wlth the objectlve of
developlng effectlve pllot colluborutlve forest munugement progrummes ln the
course of tlme these lnventorles wldened thelr lnterest from guzetted forest reserves
to lnclude customury lund wlthout protected ureu stutus known us open ureus und
protected wlldllfe ureus under customury known us Cume Munugement Areus CMA

Iigure Comparing stock estimates from past studies
Total Growing Stock in Zambia, billion m3
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
3.50
4.00
4.50
ZFAP, 1996 Forest Support
Programme, 2004
Global Forest Resource
Assessment, FAO 2005
ILUA, 2008

1he overull objectlve of lRMP wus to lncreuse the lncomes of poor people dependent
on the exploltutlon of forest resources both ln the short term through lncreused
productlvlty und more efflclent murketlng und ln the long term by mulntulnlng
productlon uctlvltles ut levels thut do not deplete the forest resources 1he
lmplementutlon sturted ln 'une und ended ln Lecember 1he project covers
two provlnces Luupulu provlnce und Northwestern provlnce 1he project hud three
components numely communlty development of forests ureus sustulnuble lncome
generutlon und project fucllltutlon components

1able Iorest assessments conducted in the past
Perlod lnventory
Sumple plots estubllshed neur Ndolu to determlne the productlvlty of Mlombo
woodlunds
1he flrst extenslve forest lnventory ldentlfylng und estlmutlng the tlmber volume
uvullublllty for Copperbelt Provlnce mlnes
Smullscule forest lnventory ldentlfylng und estlmutlng the tlmber volume for
vestern Provlnce concesslon hurvestlng
Lurgescule lnventory for Llstrlct lorest Munugement 3ooks coverlng ull the
Llstrlcts ln the country
1lmber und woodlund survey of Lust Luungwu PlA No
llrst estlmute of 2umblus woody blomuss resource vood consumptlon und
supply survey ut nutlonul level
Second estlmute of 2umblus woody blomuss resource SALC wood energy study
bused on smullscule sutelllte lmugery
lorest resources munugement study for 2umbezl 1euk forests ln southwestern
2umblu ln cooperutlon wlth the 'upun lnternutlonul Cooperutlon Agency 'lCA
lorest lnventory for Mulungushl vest forest reserve ln Centrul Provlnce und for
Mwewu forest reserve ln Luupulu Provlnce under the Provlnclul lorest Actlon
Progrumme PlAP
lorest lnventorles ln Copperbelt Luupulu und Southern Provlnces under PlAP
Phuse l
SALC estlmute of 2umblus forest ureu mllllon hectures
lorest lnventorles ln Copperbelt Luupulu und Southern Provlnces under PlAP
Phuse ll
lAC estlmute for 2umblus forest ureu mllllon hectures
Locul forest lnventorles ln the Centrul Provlnce under the Lnvlronmentul Support
Progrumme LSP
lorest lnventorles ln ull nlne provlnces Centrul Copperbelt Lustern Luupulu
Lusuku Northern Northvestern Southern und vestern Provlnces under the
lorestry Support Progrumme lSP
lourth estlmute of 2umblu woody blomuss resource lSP
lntegruted Lund Use Assessment lLUA coverlng the whole country


Review of past agricultural assessments in 2ambia

1he Agrlculture und Lnvlronment Stutlstlcs Llvlslon of the Centrul Stutlstlcul Cfflce CSC
whlch ls ln churge wlth the productlon of stutlstlcs on food ugrlculture und envlronment
reluted lssues ls subdlvlded lnto two brunches numely the Agrlculturul Stutlstlcs
3runch und the Lnvlronment Stutlstlcs 3runch Luch of these brunches ls composed of
sectlons 1he Agrlculturul Stutlstlcs 3runch hus u sectlon thut deuls wlth lurgescule furm
operutors und unother sectlon thut hundles the uctlvltles of the smull und medlum scule
furmlng communltles 1he sectlons of the Lnvlronment und llsherles Stutlstlcs 3runch
ure the Lund degrudutlon Alr pollutlon vuter sunltutlon lorestry und other
Lnvlronment Stutlstlcs Sectlon und the vlldllfe und llsherles Stutlstlcs Sectlon

8ackground information on agriculture assessments

Agrlculturul stutlstlcs huve been collected ln 2umblu slnce the eurly flftles Eowever
stutlstlcs thut were collected durlng colonlul tlmes und the perlod slx yeurs ufter uttulnlng
polltlcul lndependence reluted only to furmlng uctlvltles currled out by the whlte settler
communlty 1hls wus so becuuse lt wus percelved thut whutever ugrlculture currled out
by the lndlgenous populutlon wus prlmurlly of u subslstence nuture und thus of no
slgnlflcunce to the ugrlculturul development process 1he need for lncludlng dutu on
uctlvltles of the trudltlonul furmers wus reullzed slx yeurs ufter uttulnlng polltlcul
lndependence Lurlng the ugrlculturul seusons u Census of Agrlculture coverlng
both the whlte settler communlty und the trudltlonul furmers wus conducted 3ut
becuuse of thelr compurutlvely lurger numbers geogruphlcul spreud und low llterucy
levels the trudltlonul furmers were contucted on u sumple busls uslng personul
lntervlews

1he Census of Agrlculture murked the beglnnlng of the CSCs unnuul ugrlculturul
surveys 1he unnuul surveys cover the three subscule holdlngs smull scule holdlngs und
lurgescule holdlngs 1he Census of Agrlculture wus conducted successfully und
hus slnce been the muln source of frume used for the on golng PES surveys

CSC Agrlculture Llvlslon wus enguged by MAll ln Cctober to undertuke the
collectlon of ugrlculture stutlstlcs through sumple surveys to enuble the lnstltute for
Lconomlc und Soclul Reseurch to undertuke un ussessment of the performunce of the
ugrlculture sector wlth respect to the lmplementutlon und performunce of Agrlculture
Sector lnvestment Progrumme ASlP MAll under the Agrlculture Sector lnvestment
Progrumme ASlP deslgned u three level Monltorlng und Lvuluutlon ML system
conslstlng the Munugement lnformutlon System MlS Annuul Lvuluutlon of lndlvlduul
sub progrumme und Sector Performunce Anulysls SPA 1he operutlon of the ML
system lnvolved the Pollcy und Plunnlng Llvlslon PPL wlth the responslblllty to
coordlnute the ML system the lnstltute for Lconomlc und Soclul Reseurch wlth the
responslblllty for un unnuul evuluutlon of lndlvlduul subprogrummes und for Sector
Performunce Anulysls und CSC wlth the responslblllty for provldlng dutu to enuble the
lnstltute for Lconomlc und Soclul Reseurch to perform lts stlpuluted functlons


1he progrumme hus been uctlve slnce Cctober CSC collects ugrlculturul
stutlstlcs dutu on crops llvestock flsherles und uny other ugrlculturul dutu needed by
users ln the contruct CSC contrlbutlon towurds ASlP hus been ln the form of personnel
furnlture vehlcles blcycles motorcycles etc Agrlculturul sector outputs huve been
hlghly vurluble Recurrent drought und more recently unusuully heuvy rulns huve often
resulted ln wldespreud crop fullure Crop fullures huve ulso been uttrlbuted to lund
degrudutlon poor husbundry pructlces und luck of upproprlute seed vurletles 1he
llvestock subsector ls ulso economlcully lmportunt ln 2umblu und uccounts for ubout
percent of the totul ugrlculturul productlon 1he muln llvestock produced ure cuttle
gouts plgs und poultry Eowever llvestock productlon remulns fur below lts potentlul
due to severul fuctors thut lnclude outbreuks of dlseuses such us corrldor und foot und
mouth 1rudltlonul communul gruzlng hus ln purt been blumed for the frequent
outbreuks of cuttle dlseuses ln muny rurul ureus 1he recurrence of drought hus often
depleted unlmul gruzlng resources und drlnklng wuter thus uffectlng the productlvlty of
the llvestock sector

1ypes of agriculture assessments conducted

Slnce the ugrlculturul seuson the Centrul Stutlstlcul Cfflce through the Agrlculture
und Lnvlronment Stutlstlcs Llvlslon hus been conductlng three types of survey 1hese
surveys ure the Crop lorecust Survey ClS the Areu Meusurement und Cropcuttlng
AMCC Survey whlch hus been dlscontlnued und repluced by the Agrlculturul und
Pustorul Productlon Survey APPS otherwlse known us the PostEurvest Survey PES
Luch of these surveys hus been conducted ut u purtlculur tlme of the yeur durlng the
ugrlculturul seuson
u Crop lorecust Survey Phuse Eousehold Llstlng Lecember'unuury Phuse ll
Crop lorecust MurchAprll
b Areu Meusurement und Crop Cuttlng Aprll'uly
c PostEurvest Survey SeptemberCctober

Livelihoods assessments

1he lutest poverty proflle of 2umblu wus publlshed by the CSC ln November bused
on the dutu collected ln the Llvlng Condltlons Monltorlng Survey LCMSlll CR2
1he survey meusured thut percent of the populutlon fell below un udult
equlvulent poverty llne Moreover flftytwo percent of the urbun populutlon fell below
the poverty llne Rurul poverty ln 2umblu ls hlgh even by Afrlcun stundurds lt ls estlmuted
thut percent of the rurul populutlon llves ln poverty lAC

ILUA IILLD INvLN1ORY ML1BODOLOCY

1he sumpllng deslgn udopted for the lLUA ln 2umblu ls systemutlc No strutlflcutlon wus
upplled 1he sumple denslty und dlstrlbutlon ln 2umblu ls shown ln mup below und ls u
systemutlc grld set ucross the country ut km between tructs 1he tructs were
posltloned over the surfuce ureu of 2umblu regurdless of the geogruphlcul locutlon und
topologlcul condltlons 1he ulm wus to uvold blus ln plottlng und dutu collectlon

1able 1ract density
Llstunce between tructs
Strutum 1ruct number
mlnutes km

lutltude
longltude
ubout km NS
ubout km Lv
1C1AL Ceogruphlcul Coordlnutes

Locutlon Mup 1ructs Llstrlbutlon 1ructs were selected ut un lntersectlon of every
mlnutes on the lutltudelongltude grld lt resulted ln the selectlon of tructs nutlon
wlde of whlch were uccesslble

Map Sampling layout tract distribution and accessibility

Accesslblllty to ull truct sltes wus upproxlmutely Some tructs could not be uccessed
due dlfflcult terruln le slope wuter bodles Eowever some tructs were locuted ln
mllltury restrlcted ureus whlle others were geogruphlcully locuted outslde the countrys
border ln some ureus the locul people could not ullow our teums to work due to
mlspluced susplclons see 1uble

1able 1ract inaccessibility and causes
1otal
Area
Area
inaccessible
due to
slope
Area
inaccessible
due to owner
refusal
Area
inaccessible
due to
restricted area
Area inaccessible
due to water
body
Inaccessibility
other
Inaccessible
tract fell
outside of
country
1otal
area
inaccessible
1otal
area
accessible
ha


Survey design and procedures

A mujor chullenge for uny project deullng wlth the problems of nuturul resources
ussessment ln u country us lurge und dlverse us 2umblu ls obtulnlng u sumple
representutlve of the runge of locul sltuutlons Such u tusk becomes even more exuctlng
when llmlts of munpower equlpment und resources both flnunclul und otherwlse ure
consldered 1yplcully provlnclul level dutu ls needed for nutlonul level unulysls und
declslon muklng but nutlonul level dutu provldes u cost effectlve meuns of hlghllghtlng
the overull stutus of nuturul resources for lnternutlonul reportlng und cun turget ureus for
deeper unulysls ln the cuse of lLUA the cost lnvolved for fleld dutu collectlon wus u mujor
llmltlng fuctor for decldlng upon sumpllng lntenslty

1o overcome some of these obstucles the project utlllzed u comblnutlon of methods und
procedures to ensure u spreud umong the nutlons demogruphlc economlc und
ecologlcul zones lnltlully the lntent wus to select survey sltes und households on u
rundom busls Eowever lt wus not ulwuys posslble to construct udequute sumpllng
frumes Nor wus lt certuln thut probublllty sumpllng would provlde u sufflclent cross
sectlon of envlronmentul und socloeconomlc condltlons purtlculurly glven the low
sumpllng lntenslty ut both provlnclul und locul level

1hus the project relled lurgely on nonprobublllty sumpllng dellberutely selectlng the
tructs of ussessment 1he project udopted systemutlc sumpllng ln order to uvold blus ln
chooslng tructs on the busls of lmportunt vurlubles
1ract plot and subplot description

All dutu reluted to lLUA ls excluslvely collected wlthln the llmlts of the truct Lutu ls
collected through observutlons meusurements und lntervlews ut dlfferent levels wlthln
the tructs whlch represents the hlghest level then ln smuller subunlts plots und
subplots demurcuted wlthln the tructs A truct ls u squure of km x km flgure

below 1he coordlnutes of the southwest corner of the tructs correspond to those of
the polnts selected ln the systemutlc sumpllng frume Luch truct contulns four fleld plots

1he plots ure rectungles m wlde und m long 1hey sturt ut euch corner of un lnner
m squure sume centre us truct und ure numbered clockwlse from to us shown ln
flgure 1he locutlon und orlentutlon of the plots ure glven ln tuble

1hree pulrs of subplots were dellmlted wlthln euch plot correspondlng to two dlfferent
dutu collectlon levels rectungulur subplots SPL m x m correspondlng to level
und clrculur subplots SPL wlth u rudlus of m correspondlng to level locuted ln
the centre of the rectungulur subplots 3oth subplots cutegorles were numbered from
to sturtlng ut the sturtlng polnt of the plot 1he subplots served to meusure tree
regenerutlon Lbh cm und smull dlumeter trees cm Lbh cm ln forest An
eduphlc und topogruphlc meusurement polnt wus estubllshed ut the centre of euch
subplot vhen the locutlon of the subplots fell ln lund use clusses other thun forest they
were not demurcuted

1able ILUA Plot location and orientation
Plot No
Location of the starting point of the plot
within the m inner square
Orientation 8earing
Plot Southvest corner SouthNorth degrees
Plot Northvest corner vestLust degrees
Plot NorthLust corner NorthSouth degrees
Plot SouthLust corner Lustvest degrees




Iigure ILUA 1ract plot and subplot Design




1
0

m
Subplots
Household
survey
Subplot Level
2 (SPL2)
Subplot Level
1 (SPL1)
P
l
o
t

1
P
l
o
t

3
Plot 4
250 m
500 m
1 Km
1

K
m
Plot 2
Tract
Tract X,Y coordinates
1
0

m
Plot central line

.
(+ 10m) (-10m)
20m
Towards end
of the plot
3.99 m
SP3L1 and
SP3L2
1
2
5

m
Plot
2
5
0

m
20 m
Plot starting point
Plot orientation
SP2L1 and
SP2L2
SP1L1 and
SP1L2
Plot end point
Measurement
Point (MP)


Land use classification system

lACs support to Nutlonul lorest Monltorlng und Assessment NlMA ulms ut bulldlng
nutlonul cupucltles ln long term monltorlng of the nutlonul forest und tree resources 1he
globully hurmonlzed mujor lund use clusses ldentlfled und detulled under the lRA
progrum of lAC were studled ln detull und bused on thut glven frumework the nutlonul
lund use clusses were ldentlfled und grouped uccordlng to nutlonul deflnltlons thus
ullowlng corroborutlon wlth the globul crlterlu

1able IAO based land useforest type classification for ILUA
Lund uses 3rlef descrlptlon Code
lorest Areu hu tree crown cover tree helght m
lorest wlth nuturul or nuturul usslsted regenerutlon
Lvergreen forest
lncludes
Muvundu forests cryrosealum exjolarum
Muflnsu Syzygum guneense ss ajromonranum
Mofu Lnrandronragma delevoy
Purlnurl spp und Syzyglum spp
Rlverlnerlperlun forests
Ll
Semlevergreen forest
lncludes Mlombo woodlund 8racnysrega lsoberlna
1ulbernarda and Varquesa macroura s
SLl
Leclduous forest
lncludes
3ulkleu forests 8akea lurjuga
luhulurl woodlund 8akea 8racnysrega lsoberlna
cubourra 1ulbernada and cnodendrom s
Mopune woodlund colonosermum moane
Mungu woodlund Acaca combrerum and
rermnala s
Ll
Cther lncludes Rufflu pulms bumboos Cl
lorest pluntutlons
3roudleuved forest pluntutlons lP3
Conlferous forest pluntutlons lPC


Cther wooded lunds
Areu hu tree cunopy cover or shrubsbushes
cunopy cover

vooded grusslund
1ree cunopy cover
lncludes Lumboplulns wlth spurse trees cc
vC
Shrubs1hlcket
Shrubsbushes cunopy cover
lncludes
3ushlund und thlcket Acaca scommnora
s mungu woodlund
Mucchlutype scrub
1ermlturlu termlte mounds vegetutlon some of lt
wlth no trees
SE
Cther lund 1ree cunopy cover or shrubsbushes
Nuturul und semlnuturul lund
3urren lund 3L
Crusslund lncludes some Lumbos CL
Murshlund MA
Cultlvuted und munuged lund
Annuul crop AC
Perennlul crop PC
Pustures PA
lullow lA
3ullt up ureu 3U
Urbun 3U
Rurul 3R
Lxtructlon sltemlnlng ureus lncludes Copper und quurry mlnlng ureus LM
lnlund wuter Areu occupled by mujor rlvers lukes und reservolrs lv
Lukes LA
Rlvers Rv
Lums LA
Cutslde lund ureu CA

I
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M
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1ype of data variables

1he lACdeveloped Nutlonul lorest Resource Assessment upprouch comprlses the
collectlon of dutu on the multlple functlons of forests und trees coverlng thelr soclo
economlc envlronmentul us well us productlve functlons und the dutu collectlon cuts
ucross u wlde runge of blophyslcul und socloeconomlc vurlubles und thus provldes u
broud und hollstlc vlew of lund use for the country us u whole A llst of ull the lLUA
vurlubles collected muy be found ln Annex

Socioeconomic survey

ln uddltlon to blophyslcul purumeters lt wus ulso vltul to guuge the utlllzutlon of forest
products und servlces ln relutlon to the blophyslcul observutlons und meusurements
1herefore externul key lnformunts forest und tree users us well us user groups for
llvestock und ugrlculture were ldentlfled und recorded durlng the survey locus group
dlscusslons were conducted to collect lnformutlon wlth respect to the products und
servlces thut the people generully hurvest collect und obtuln from vurlous lund uses
1uble Lurlng the focus group dlscusslons the locul key lnformunts were lntervlewed
to collect the requlred dutu especlully wlth respect to the products und servlces wlthln
or km uround tructs uccessed

1able Interview groups and information obtained
Croups
individuals to
be interviewed
Bow to contact
identify them
Where When Information
key external
informants locul
forest servlces
orgunlzutlons und
locul
udmlnlstrutlon
representutlves
etc
3y phone
correspondence or
vlslt
At offlce Lurlng the
plunnlng phuse
of the fleldwork
orund
before reuchlng
the slte
Loglstlcs
3uckground
lnformutlon on the truct
lnformutlon on the
people llvlng ln the
truct or ln the
surroundlngs
Cenerul lnformutlon on
the dlstunce und uccess
to the tructplots
Cenerul lnformutlon on
the lund useforest type
sectlon ownershlp
protectlon stutus
munugement
ecologlcul problems
lorest products und
servlces

Iocus groups or
individuals tree
und forest
resources users
forest dependunt
people owners
women men
hunters
resldents
Recommended by
externul key lnformunts
Rupld rurul upprulsul
exerclse to ldentlfy the
stukeholders
At thelr house or ln
the vllluge
Cn the studled slte
trunsect wulk
persons worklng ln
the fleldwork
Met close to or
wlthln the slte
lntroductlon
meetlng wlth
the locul people
Prevlously flxed
meetlng group
or lndlvlduul
meetlng
lnformutlon on locul
populutlon hlstory
etc
Cenerul lnformutlon on
the lund useforest type
sectlon ownershlp
protectlon stutus
munugement
ecologlcul problems
lorest und trees
munugement und uses
forest products und
servlces
Iifteen
households
within to km
around the tract
Recommended by
externul key lnformunt
on the uccess puth of
the truct ldentlfled on
the mup seen from u fur
dlstunce Selected
households should be
unlformly spreud
overuround the truct
At the household lt ls better ufter
the fleld work
slnce the crew
hus hud u lurge
ldeu ubout the
slte
Eousehold composltlon
und uctlvltles crop
products und
productlon system
llvestock productlon
system lubour lnputs
uccesslblllty to servlces
und wuter resources
poultry und beekeeplng
products

Bousehold survey sampling design

lLUA ls unlque ln lts extenslon lnto llvellhood dutu regurdlng utlllzutlon of lund for
llvestock crops und forestry ln thls uspect of the ussessment lLUA goes beyond forestry
stutus und use dutu und provldes detulls regurdlng other lund uses thut lmpuct forests
obtulnlng such lnformutlon us types of crops lncome generuted from them uccess to
credlt murkets und rouds lncome level household uctlvltles crop productlon system etc
Annex llsts the full lLUA survey forms lncludlng l the household survey form 1he
sumpllng resulted ln to cover households whlch were lntervlewed ln the lLUA
household survey

At euch truct households were rundomly selected ln u km rudlus from the blophyslcul
truct centre vhere no lnhubltunts wlthln the clrcle of km rudlus were found then no
lntervlew wus currled out lf there were equul or less thun households then ull
households were lntervlewed Ctherwlse ull populuted pluces wlthln the clrcle of km
rudlus were consldered tuklng the llst of lnhubltunts und upplylng rundom numberlng to
select the households lor ull the households selected for the lntervlews the
households wlthln the truct llmlts dld not huve uny preference to the other households
wlthln the clrcle of km rudlus


Procedure for household selection

1he fleld crew teums sturted by vlsltlng the trudltlonul leudershlp le locul chlef to
lntroduce the lLUA fleld dutu collectlon progrum to the locul uuthorltles 1hey explulned
the entlre fleld mlsslon und requested for uuthorlty to recrult lndlvlduuls le eurly settlers
knowledgeuble of the surroundlng ureus us fleld guldes durlng dutu collectlon 1he chlefs
und or locul heudsmen uppolnted to people usuully men who provlded un overvlew
of the ureu to the fleld crew 1hese ure the people thut subsequently led the fleld crew to
the vllluge heudsmen for the settlements wlthln km of the truct centre 1hey usslsted ln
ldentlfylng the dlstrlbutlon und uctuul number of households wlthln und uround the truct
le whether or not the households were clustered und how muny were ln euch
settlement

Eouseholds were selected rundomly 1he lntentlon wus thut ull households wlthln the
truct should huve the sume chunce of belng selected 3efore the selectlon could be done
the totul number of households wus determlned from the vllluge reglsters provlded by
the heudsmen Slnce the muxlmum number of households to be lntervlewed wus the
followlng selectlon procedures were used to determlne the requlred sumpllng lntervul
Sl for compututlon

uLlvlde the totul number of households by to get the Sl le vllluges number us
vCL vCL und vCL wlth und households respectlvely the totul number
of households ls then 1he Sl wlll therefore be roundoff the derlved
numbers to the closer whole number so thut would be us the sumpllng
lntervul Sl

b 1he number of households ln euch settlement dlvlded by the sumpllng lntervul
glves you the number of households to be selected ln euch vllluge to represent the
totul populutlon uround euch truct 1he dlstrlbutlon of the number of households to
be selected ln euch vllluge wus determlned us follows
vllluge rounded to
vllluge rounded to
vllluge rounded to

lor euch vlllugesettlement uny crew member muy rundomly cull out uny number
between und the Sl und the derlved number ls culled the glven number CN lf
wus the CN for vCL then the household llsted
th
on the vllluge reglster would be
selected us household number for thut vlllugesettlement


Add the Sl to the glven number CN the sum wlll glve the second household on the llst
to be ln the sumple le Eousehold Sl wlll be household on the llst Contlnue wlth
the procedure uddlng Sl to euch successlve sum untll you huve the number of
households thut should be selected for whole vlllugesettlement le ln vCL the
selected households wlll then be no und 1he ubove sumpllng procedure
should be currled out ln euch vlllugesettlement

ln those lnstunces where the selected households ure not uvulluble for lntervlew u
substltute should be selected slmply by contlnulng the procedure explulned ln polnt c lt
ls ullowed to contlnue the llst from ubove

1he household and household members

1he consldered deflnltlon of u household for thls survey ls one thut conslsts of ull members
of one fumlly who ure reluted by blood murrluge or udoptlon lncludlng other persons such
us house or furmhelperslubourers who normully llve together ln one house or closely
reluted premlses und tuke or muke thelr meuls from u common pluce lt muy ulso conslst of
one member 1herefore u household member ls uny lndlvlduul who ln the lust months hus
llved wlth the household for ut leust slx months regurdless of whether they huve lntentlons
to stuy or not lt lncludes newly born bubles u chlld uttendlng school newly wedded undor
lndlvlduuls who muy huve come to stuy together wlth others us u fumlly

Eowever u nonhousehold member ls un lndlvlduul who muy huve left the household
wlth no lntentlon of rejolnlng the household lndlvlduuls who ure murrled uwuy und ull
other members who muy huve just left und gone lnto employment elsewhere

ILUA fieldwork organization

National Multidisciplinary 1eam NM1

1he NM1 conslsted of members coordlnuted executed und monltored the lntegruted
lund use ussessment ut the nutlonul level 1hls wus done through the unulysls und
uduptutlon of lLUA sumpllng deslgn lnventorled vurlubles und deflnltlons trulnlng the
Provlnclul locul und lleld Crew 1eums moblllzutlon of lLUA resources plunnlng und
coordlnutlon of fleldwork umong provlnces ln order to ensure dutu quullty und
homogenelty dutu control und quullty evuluutlon compllutlon of dutubuse reportlng und
dlssemlnutlon of results

Provincial Iocal 1eams PI1

1he Provlnclul locul 1eum worked ln close colluborutlon wlth the Nutlonul
Multldlsclpllnury 1eum 1he Provlnclul crew teums were set up ln ull the provlnces
conslstlng of members druwn from lorestry Agrlculture Centrul Stutlstlcs und 2umblu

vlldllfe Authorlty und were responslble for settlng up lleld Crew 1eums moblllzutlon
und prepurutlon of necessury resources und equlpment such us vehlcles ullocutlons of
tructs by fleld crews monltorlng und buckstopplng fleldwork lncludlng technlcul und
loglstlc support to fleld crew us well us fleld report checks control und vulldutlon of fleld
forms und trunsmlsslon of dutu to the NM1 und reportlng to Pl1

Iield Crew 1eams IC1

1he lleld Crew 1eums were responslble for collectlon of dutu ln the fleld und trunsmlsslon
of the fleld forms to the Provlnclul locul 1eums 1he composltlon of lLUA fleld crew
comprlsed of technlcul stuff from lorestry Lepurtment 2AvA Agrlculture Lunds
Counclls und Locul Communlty members Luch fleld crew teum wus heuded by u Crew
Leuder who wus responslble for orgunlzlng ull fleldwork from the prepurutlon to dutu
collectlon contuctlng und mulntulnlng good relutlonshlps wlth the communlty und the
lnformunts und hud un overvlew of the progress uchleved ln the fleld Ee wus usslsted by
un usslstunt fleld crew leuder whose responslbllltles wus to umong other thlngs tuke
necessury meusurements und observutlon mude sure the necessury equlpment und
muterluls were ulwuys complete und operutlonul supervlsed und fumlllurlzed the
workers 1here were ulso two enumerutors who recorded dutu from the fleld
meusurements und household lntervlews 1he communlty members or temporury helpers
opened up wuys to fucllltute uccess und vlslblllty to the technlcul teum provlded
lnformutlon on uccess to the tructs ln the worklng ureu commonlocul nume of forest
specles lnformutlon ubout the forest uses und munugement und currled the equlpment

Iield tools materials and equipment

A number of speclullzed lnventory tools muterluls und equlpment were used durlng dutu
collectlon 1hese lncluded the CPS devlces for nuvlgutlon und geogruphlcul locutlons
Suunto Eypsometers for tree helght meusurements Suunto Compusses for ungles
dlrectlons Suunto dlumeters for tree dlumeter meusurements Runge flnders und rods
for culculutlng dlstunces und runglng out respectlvely und metul pegs for sturtlng euch
plot ln u truct 1here were dlfferent fleld forms thut were used by enumerutors ln
recordlng fleld dutu both for the forest lnventorles und household surveys Annex


1raining of field crews and pro[ect launch

lLUA covered the whole of 2umblu und wus comprlsed of three phuses prepurutory
fleldwork und lnformutlon system development lt ls now ln lts flnul phuse however
dutu unulysls from ull the vurlubles cuptured ln the survey wlll contlnue untll the next
survey meunlng thut lLUA remulns uctlve 1he closlng of the lLUA wus orlglnully
eurmurked for 'uly however u serles of deluys huve extended thut deudllne lnto
1he dutu collectlon lncluded forest resources crops llvestock und soclul economlc
dutu from households und from focus group dlscusslons 1he muln uctlvltles undertuken
throughout the lmplementutlon of lLUA were

Cupuclty bulldlng needs ussessment mulnly ln lund use ussessment lnstltutlons ln
order to ussess equlpment uvulluble for currylng out lLUA ln Cctober
llrst lLUA orlentutlon trulnlng held ln Lecember to glve un overvlew und
understundlng of the methodology und process entulled
lnput obtulned from purtlclpunts on how the lLUA cun be plunned orgunlzed und
lmplemented ln the country ln u cost effectlve wuy
Second trulnlng wus held for fleld crew teums und ulmed ut generul upprouch of
lLUA lnstruments used estubllshment of sumple plots meusurements of vurlubles
und how to conduct household lntervlews
1he lLUA 1CP2AM A wus endorsed by lAC ln 'unuury und slgned by the
2umblun Covernment on
st
Murch und
lnceptlon mlsslons from lCMR L1U followed the endorsement of the lLUA to
stlmulute the sturtup of the project loglstlcul und other precondltlons for the comlng
of the 1CLC Consultunt between Aprll und 'uly

1he followlng uctlvltles followed ufter the 1CLC Consultunts urrlvul
Levelopment of u nutlonul lund use clusslflcutlon system thut correlutes wlth the
Clobul Lund Use clusses CLU ldentlfled by lAC
llne tunlng of forest und tree ussessment methodologles for fleld dutu collectlons ln
llne wlth 2umblun condltlons
ldentlflcutlon und trulnlng of teum leuders und fleld crews for the fleld dutu collectlon
ldentlflcutlon und recrultment of the locul us well us lnternutlonul experts requlred for
the lmplementutlon of the lLUA
Cfflclul luunch of lLUA on
th
August ut Crest Colf Eotel ln Lusuku

After the successful luunch of the project the muln uctlvltles thut followed were
moblllzutlon of lLUA equlpment muterluls und recrultment of lnternutlonul und locul
consultunts 1he offlclul luunch of fleld dutu collectlon exerclse by lAC Country
Representutlve Mlnlstry of 1ourlsm Lnvlronment und Nuturul Resources offlcluls und
Lund Use llne Mlnlstrles und lnstltutlons wus held on
th
Lecember ut truct number
ln lufue Llstrlct

1he luunch of fleld dutu collectlon ln ull the provlnces wus conducted between
st
'unuury
und
st
Murch A totul of tructs were ussessed ut the end of the Provlnclul luunch
leuvlng u bulunce of tructs 1he muln fleld dutu collectlon sturted ln Muy untll
the end of 'uly lnvolvlng ull the fleld crew teums one per provlnce except for
Northern Provlnce whlch hud two teums und one ut lorestry Lepurtment Eeudquurters
A totul of tructs were ussessed durlng thls perlod 1here wus no further counter purt
Covernment of 2umblu fundlng up to the end of

1he lmplementutlon of lLUA uctlvltles wus slow ln due to fundlng setbucks 3y
st

Lecember fleld dutu wus only collected ln tructs or sumple plots out of
tructs or sumple plots whlch meunt thut only of the totul fleldwork wus done

1he lAC 1CP funds were exhuusted ln leuvlng nothlng to complete purt of the
outputs 1he muln reuson for the budget deflclt stems from nutlonul currency
uppreclutlons Some funds were ulso spent to support fleld vlslts by the Nutlonul 1usk

lorce to enllghten them on the project uctlvltles ln the fleld 1he dutu collectlon ln the
fleld ls the very core of the project 1he fleldwork wus done mostly durlng the dry months
of the yeur between Muy und Cctober

Iield data collection measurements observation and interviews

1he fleld crew teums ldentlfled the plot sumple polnts wlth the use of the Ceogruphlcul
Posltlonlng System CPS recelvers und pluced u metul pole us permunent murker ut euch
sturtlng polnt 1hree reference feutures ut sultuble locutlons were note wlth respect to
the sturtlng polnt for future ldentlflcutlon of the plot sturtlng polnt vlthln the meter
long und meter wlde plots the fleld teums meusured und reglstered reluted uttrlbutes
for ull trees cm Lbh 1he lund uses were ldentlfled und dellneuted wlth thelr
dlmenslons und uttrlbutes reluted to these lund uses were recorded uccordlngly

Lutu on the stutus of forests und trees were meusured by the fleld crew teums uslng
forest lnventory equlpment such us dlumeter tupe CPS recelver runge flnder compuss
etc vhlle some vurlubles cun not be meusured the fleld teums mude udequute
observutlons to determlne thelr stutus lntervlews wlth key lnformunts und user groups
were conducted to ussess lnformutlon reluted to forest und tree resources meusurement
uses und users Lue to u vurlety of construlnts not ull tructs could be fully uccessed
lncludlng two thut ended up belng locuted outslde of the country resultlng ln u totul of
tructs ln whlch dutu wus collected und recorded 1uble llsts some of the reusons for
lnuccesslblllty

lurther more lnformul lntervlews of key lnformunts uccompunylng the fleld crew were
conducted lnsltu ln order to get lnformutlon on generul munugement und use of these
forests ln terms of servlces und products extructed lnformutlon collected from these
lntervlews wus consollduted by observutlons mude ln the fleld und subsequently the
comprehenslve household lntervlews done wlthln the settlements

1ract assignment to field teams

1here were trulned lLUA fleld crew teums Luch provlnce hud u teum except for
Northern whlch hus two teums 1he lorestry Munugement Llvlslon locuted ut lorestry
Lepurtment Eeudquurters whlch hus the most experlenced und speclullzed forest
lnventory technlcul stuff ln the depurtment constltuted one teum us well 3elow ls the
tuble showlng how tructs were usslgned to euch fleld teum


1able ILUA tract assignment per field crew
lLUA 1ructs Provlnces und lLEQ
1eam No Cent Cbelt Lust Luup Lusk lLEQ N1 North1

Nvt
n
Southn vestn

































1ract
No

1O1AL

Iield data entry processing and analysis

1he Provlnce locul 1eum members were
responslble for submlttlng the completed
fleld forms to the lLUA NC1CLC experts for
vulldutlon After expert cleurunce the fleld
forms were submltted to the dutu encoders
und entered lnto u dutubuse ut the lorestry
Lepurtment Eeudquurters ln Lusuku A dutu
entry teum wus responslble for the dutu
entry ln the lLUA dutubuse uppllcutlon lleld
forms found to be lncomplete were returned
Iigure ILUA Data Processing IDBqs Lusaka

to the responslble crew leuder wlth lnstructlons on whut wus mlsslng und how to correct
the form
Iield data processing

1o ensure hlgh quullty dutu processlng
und stutlstlcul unulysls u lAC expert
trulned the Nutlonul Consultunt who ln
turn trulned lorest Cfflcers ut occuslonul
lntervuls Eowever the dutubuse
munugement und use wus ulmost the
full responslblllty of the Nutlonul
Consultunt





Iield data analysis

1he fleld dutu wus entered ln the lLUA dutubuse All other dutu wus reudlly coded for
computer entry except the tree specles ldentlflcutlon 1he specles ure often ldentlfled
flrstly by thelr locul numes before these ure trunsposed lnto botunlcul numes 1he
ldentlflcutlon process wus greutly usslsted by the locul communlty members As the
common locul lunguuge vurles ln dlfferent purts of the country the sume tree specles cun
huve severul dlfferent numes lor dutu entry every recorded tree specles wus reldentlfled
by sclentlflc nume und then by the correspondlng dlgltul code 1he specles nume
verlflcutlon wus the most luborlous tusk und us u result cuused slgnlflcunt deluys ln dutu
entry und unulysls
Iigure ILUA Data Lntry IDBqs Lusaka

IILLD INvLN1ORY RLSUL1S

1hls chupter presents only the blophyslcul purt of the results thut were generuted from
the fleld ussessments 1he lLUA survey collected u conslderuble umount of dutu wlth
vurlubles reluted to sectors beyond forestry such us cropplng llvestock und generul
envlronmentul und demogruphlc feutures 1hese results ure presented ln the context of
thelr lmportunce us u source of llvellhoods food securlty und poverty reductlon 1he lund
ureu of 2umblu ls descrlbed by the lLUA dutu uccordlng to dlstlnct churucterlstlcs such us
specles dlverslty tree cover utlllzutlon und protectlon levels ownershlp stutus und the
envlronmentul lssues umong others 1he humun lnteructlon wlth nuturul resources ls ulso
dlscussed ln relutlon to vurlous forest churucterlstlcs ln terms of resource uvullublllty und
use lor the flrst tlme blomuss und curbon estlmutes ure ulso presented

lt ls lmportunt to note thut the stutlstlcs presented ln the followlng tubles throughout the
fleld lnventory results sectlon ure bused on the offlclul totul country ureu of
hectures uccordlng to the 2umblun Centrul Stutlstlcs Cfflce Census Report CR2
Slnce lLUA cuptures dutu on both wuter und lund ullke dutu huve been expunded
uccordlng to totul country ureu und therefore no further cullbrutlon of lnventory dutu
beyond thls hus been mude to mutch offlclul flgures on totul lund ureu

1able Iield inventory baseline data
2umblu provlnces totul tructsprovlnce totul hu surveyed ln tructs
overull slze of
provlnce hu
Centrul
Copperbelt
Lustern
Luupulu
Lusuku
Northwestern
Northern
Southern
vestern
1otal


Sampling intensity

1he sumpllng lntenslty ls culculuted by dlvldlng the totul ureu of fleld sumple plots ln u
purtlculur strutum by the totul ureu of the strutum ln questlon 1he sumpllng lntenslty ls
presented ln percentuge terms 1herefore lf the whole strutum ls meusured the
sumpllng lntenslty ls vlth extenslve nutlonullevel lnventorles the sumpllng
lntenslty wus computed wlth the lntenslty of the totul ureu of the sumple plots of

hectures ut ln subnutlonul or locul lnventorles u sumpllng lntenslty normully
cun be much hlgher

1here were u totul number of households surveyed under the socloeconomlc
household portlon of the ussessment 1he muxlmum number of households lntervlewed
per populutlon estubllshment wlthln und uround euch truct uccessed km from center of
truct wus Luch household contulned un uveruge of lndlvlduuls

Reliability of estimates

As lndlcuted ubove the lLUA fleld survey ls bused on systemutlc fleld sumpllng A totul of
clusters tructs of plots of hecture euch were vlslted to meusure u serles of
blophyslcul und socloeconomlc vurlubles Accordlng to the predeflned nutlonul llst of
vurlubles lurge numbers of lund or forest use uttrlbutes were ulso meusured ln euch
sumple slte

lt should be noted thut from un lnformutlon quullty polnt of vlew the lLUA sumpllng
technlque ls not free from dlfferent types of errors 3lus und systemutlc dlstortlon of the
lnformutlon ure due to fluws of meusurements methods of selectlng the sumple or due
to technlques lnuccesslblllty of sumple sltes und vurylng cupuclty und skllls ln estlmutlng
purumeters lLUA lncluded u lurge group of people wlth dlfferent reudlness to collect
dutu und muke meusurements ln the fleld

lor u glven sumple slze the preclslon of estlmutes depends lurgely on the slze frequency
of occurrence of the purumeter belng estlmuted 1he purumeter thut hus the hlghest
frequency of occurrence ln the sumple populutlon ls estlmuted ut u hlgher preclslon
Preclslon of estlmutes decreuses wlth reduced frequency of occurrence rure events of
the purumeter ln the vlslted sumple plots As un exumple ln the lLUA the ureu of the
forest lund estlmuted ut hectures of the totul lund ureu of the country
wus ussessed wlth u sumpllng error SL of ut u probublllty level 1he extent of
the other lund uses such us Cther vooded Lund CvL und Cther Lund CL ls relutlvely
smull 1hey uccount respectlvely for und of the totul lund ureu of the country 1hus
the sumpllng error ls qulte lurge for CvL und ln only un ucceptuble reglon
for CL 1uble

1able Lstimates of ma[or land use and corresponding SL
Ma[or Land Use
Classes
1otal Area
ha
Proportion
Against 1otal land
Sampling error with
PL
lorest
Cther vooded Lund
Cther lund
lnlund vuter

vhen the nuturul forest ls broken up lnto dlfferent forest types tuble the lLUA
estlmutes show thut semlevergreen forests uccount for more thun of the totul lund

31
area and 68% of the total forest area. Deciduous forests sum to nearly 20% of the total
land area of Zambia and approximately 30% of the total forest area. The other two forest
types of evergreen forest and other natural forest types account respectively for 1.1% and
0.2% of the total land area and 1.6% and 0.3% of the forest area. With the above indicated
sampling intensity, the precision of estimates is relative to the size of the population
elements. Semi-evergreen forest is estimated with a sampling error (SE) of 13% at a 95%
probability level. The second largest forest type of deciduous forest is estimated with a
SE of 19.8% at 95% probability level. The other two forest types of evergreen and other
natural forest types are relatively small in area. Their SE is logically very high. With such a
size, it is not easy to estimate an acceptable SE, even when the sampling intensity is
increased significantly. The question is how important it is to get information of the
smaller classes or rarer variables and what is the readiness to accept the increased costs
of improved precision.

For a given size of a population element, the precision of the estimate depends on the
sampling intensity which depends on the available financial resources. A perfect example
of these limitations are the estimates for plantations, which were not captured within the
ILUA field data, however which are known to exist and to cover approximately 50,000
hectares. Due to their small extent in relation to the total land area and due to the fact
that they are localized in one province, ILUA tracts did not happen to land within their
boundaries. Thus estimates derived solely from field surveys under-represent plantations
when expanded over the whole of Zambia. For this very reason, emphasis is placed on
multi-source inventories whereby information is not acquired by inventories alone, but
rather remote sensing and pre-existing data records. The table below, however, is meant
to highlight those sampling errors derived from inventories alone.

Table 1: Estimates of main forest types and corresponding SE%
Forests (Canopy Cover 10%) Total Area
(000 ha)
Proportion %
Against Total Land
Sampling error with
95% PL
1. Evergreen Forest 819 1.1 106.2
2. Semi-evergreen Forest 34,145 45.4 13.0
3. Deciduous Forest 14,865 19.8 24.3
4. Other Natural Forests 139 0.2 113.2
5. Broadleaved forest plantations* 0 0 (not captured)
6. Coniferous forest plantations* 0 0 (not captured)
Total 49,968 66.4 7.8
*plantations did not fall within any of the accessed 221 ILUA tracts

Given its resources and declared objectives, the ILUA has therefore delivered well. The
trade-off between cost, amount of information and precision of estimates was correctly
managed. The combination of field sampling and land use mapping provides sound basis
to plan and carry out field surveys of parameters or population elements (e.g. forest
plantation, evergreen forest, important tree species, etc) confined in restricted areas at
sampling intensity that can produce estimates with acceptable precision.


1he estlmutes of forest types und muln specles or groups of specles uttrlbutes llke
volume gross und commerclul blomuss tree denslty etc ure estlmuted wlth preclslons
compuruble to preclslon of the ureus of correspondlng forest types lt ls lmportunt to
understund thut nutlonul surveys llke lLUA cunnot produce hlgh preclslon of every
estlmute especlully of rure events or objects Rure events should be covered by turgeted
strutlfled fleld surveys ut u hlgher sumpllng lntenslty followlng u more speclflc deslgn

Land use area

1he ureu of 2umblu ls clusslfled lnto nutlonul lund uses 1uble whlch cun be grouped
lnto four mujor nutlonul lund use clusslflcutlon lorest Cther vooded Lund Cther
lund lncludlng cultlvuted und bulltup lund und lnlund wuter 1uble

1he lorest deflnltlon udopted ln lLUA ls the one used by lAC whlch ls lund spunnlng
more thun hectures wlth trees hlgher thun meters und u cunopy cover of more thun
percent or trees uble to reuch these thresholds ln sltu lt does not lnclude lund thut ls
predomlnuntly under ugrlculturul or urbun lund use lorest ls determlned both by the
presence of trees und the ubsence of other lund uses

vlth regurd to Cther vooded Lund the deflnltlon udopted ln lLUA ls uguln thut whlch
ls used ln lRA deflned us lund wlth un ureu equul or greuter thun hectures wlth
u tree cunopy cover of or shrubsbush cunopy cover of equul or greuter thun

Cther lund ls comprlsed of tree cunopy cover less thun or equul to or wlth
shrubsbush cunopy cover of less thun lt conslsts of u nuturul und semlnuturul
grusslunds murshlund und burren lund b cultlvuted und munuged lund such us unnuul
und perennlul crops pustures und fullow flelds c bullt up ureus both rurul und urbun und
d extructlon sltesmlnlng ureus

1he lust cutegory conslsts of lnlund vuter und lncludes lukes rlvers und dum ureus

1able 1otal area of 2ambia by Ma[or Land Use Classes
Ma[or Land Use Iorest Other Wooded Land Other Land
Inland
Water
Areu hu


1he clusslflcutlon system used ln tubles und to deflne the lund useforest type clusses
ls bused on u dlchotomous upprouch und lncludes two levels the flrst level ls composed
of the globul clusses deslgned for the ussessment of forest und tree resources wlthln the
frumework of the Clobul lorest Resources Assessment lRA of lAC whlle the second
level ls country speclflc und lncludes uddltlonul clusses lntegruted to tuke lnto uccount
nutlonul und subnutlonul lnformutlon needs 1he terms und deflnltlons used ln nutlonul
ussessments ure chosen to hurmonlze nutlonul wlth globul level forest ussessments


Area of 2ambia divided into all LandUse Classes and Iorest 1ypes

1he dlstrlbutlon of tructs ucross the country dld not cupture uny of our exotlc forest
pluntutlons 1herefore the lnformutlon reflectlng the presence und dlstrlbutlon of both
the conlferous und broud leuved forest clusses ure not determlned from the fleld
lnventory Eence the stutlstlcs from the lLUA fleld lnventory refer to only the nuturul
forests wlthln 2umblu Eowever the 2umblu lorestry und lorest lndustrles Corporutlon
2AlllCC report over hectures of lndustrlul forest pluntutlons conslstlng mulnly
of Plne und Luculyptus 1hls gup ls tuken cure of by the lund use remote
senslng mupplng results whlch cupture the forest pluntutlons Compurlsons ure
presented ln the lust chupter of thls report

As lndlcuted ln tuble the semlevergreen evergreen und declduous forests cover
percent of the totul ureu of 2umblu 1hls ls more thun the eurller estlmutlons on the
2umblun forests us reported from other ussessments le 2lAP lSP und lRA
Cther lund uccounts for the next greutest extent of lund use upproxlmutely
vlthln thls mujor lund use cluss one flnds thut upproxlmutely of the totul lund ureu ls
grusslunds und murshlund ubout of the totul lund ln 2umblu ls dedlcuted to crop lund
und pusture lund und less thun of the totul lund ls consldered to be occupled by bulltup
rurul und urbun humun settlements

llgures for lnlund wuter extent lndlcute thut over of the 2umblu ls occupled by rlvers
und lukes No dums fell wlthln the surveyed tructs 1hls flgure of or mllllon hectures
ls hlgher thun prevlously recorded flgures from the Centrul Stutlstlcs Cfflce lf one tukes
lnto uccount the sumpllng error ut confldence the lnlund wuter flgure could be
us low us mllllon hectures lncreused lnlund wuter estlmutes could be uccounted for
from the seusonullty of the respectlve surveys deregulutlon und subsequent lncreused
constructlon of smull dums throughout 2umblu us well us potentlul underestlmutlon ln
the orlglnul flgure lLUA ureu results ulso found thut other wooded lund conslstlng of
wooded grusslunds lncludlng dumbo plulns und shrublunds lncludlng mungu woodlund
1ermlturlu und Mucchlutype scrub uccount for of the totul lund ureu


1able 1otal area of 2ambia by all land use classesforest types ha and
Iorests Canopy Cover Calculated
from ILUA survey data
Area Cover ha Proportion
Lvergreen lorest
Semlevergreen lorest
Leclduous lorest
Cther Nuturul lorests
3roudleuved forest pluntutlons
Conlferous forest pluntutlons
1otal
Other Wooded Land Canopy Cover or
shrubsbushes canopy cover
Area Cover ha Proportion
vooded Crusslunds
Shrubsthlckets
1otal
Other land Canopy Cover or
shrubsbushes canopy cover
Area Cover ha Proportion
3urren Lund
Crusslund
Murshlund
Annuul crop
Perennlul crop
Pustures
lullow
Urbun
Rurul
Lxtructlon sltemlnlng ureu
1otal
Inland Water area occupied by ma[or rivers
lakes and reservoirs
Area Cover ha Proportion
Luke
Rlver
Lum
1otal
1otal Country Area of 2ambia
lanrarons dd nor jall wrnn any oj rne accessed lLuA rracrs


Area of forest cover expressed as a proportion of total land per Province

1he levels of forest cover per provlnce tukes lnto uccount the entlre ureu currently
covered by forests wlth u mlnlmum of tree cunopy cover expressed over un ureu of
hu ln extent lt uggregutes ull types of vegetutlon und lund munugement systems thut
muy be uvulluble ln euch provlnce le forest reserves nutlonul purks customury lund
Cume Munugement Areus und forests on furm lund

Accordlng to the fleld lnventory results the ureu of forest cover expressed per respectlve
totul provlnclul ureu lndlcutes thut Centrul Provlnce ls the most forested wlth of
forest cover whlle Northern Provlnce hus the lowest wlth of forest cover ugulnst
lts provlnclul ureu Eowever the results ure dlfferent when expressed for the nutlonul
forest cover

1able Area of forest ha and its proportion per Province
Provinces
Land area
ha
Iorest area
ha of total forest cover
Centrul
Copperbelt
Lustern
Luupulu
Lusuku
Northwestern
Northern
Southern
vestern
1otal

1otul forested lund ls estlmuted to be of 2umblus totul lund of whlch ls ln
Northwestern ls ln vestern ls ln Centrul ls ln Northern ls ln
Lustern ls ln Southern whlle ls ln Luupulu ls ln Lusuku und ls ln the
Copperbelt provlnce


Area of forest types and proportion of total forest and total land cover

1wo muln cutegorles of forest cover clusses were consldered for the forest types these
lnclude forest cover dlstrlbutlon tuble und forest cunopy cover tuble ln both
tubles we derlve the current stutus of our forest types


1able Area of forest type ha and its proportion to total land cover
Iorest types Canopy
Cover Calculated from ILUA
survey data
Area Cover
ha
of total forest
cover
of total land
cover
Lvergreen lorest
Semlevergreen lorest
Leclduous lorest
Cther Nuturul lorests
3roudleuved forest pluntutlons
Conlferous forest pluntutlons
1otal
lanrarons dd nor jall wrnn any oj rne lLuA rracrs

Slmllur to the totul forest cover the forest types were deflned bused on thelr respectlve
stutus quullfylng them to estlmutes of tree cunopy cover und meusurlng ln helght
over m lour muln nuturul forest types were expressed us u percentuge of totul
forest cover As lt cun be seen ln 1uble the semlevergreen forest whlch lncludes the
domlnutlng mlombo woodlund comprlses the mujorlty of forest cover coverlng
neurly hulf of the totul lund cover for the entlre country 1he declduous forests whlch
lnclude kuluhurl mopune und mungu woodlund us well us bulkleu forests represent the
second lurgest proportlon of totul forest cover estlmuted ut

Cn uveruge tree cunopy cover ln trees und other wooded lund ln 2umblu ls between
Closed cunoples of cover or more constltute only of the totul forest und
other wooded lund ureu tuble 1hls ls due to both nuturul und unthropogenlc reusons
1ree cover wlthln mlombo woodlunds ls nuturully low however humun uctlvltles huve
certulnly reduced densltles to below nuturul levels


1able Area ha of forest and other wooded land by tree canopy cover classes
1ree Cover

1ree Cover

1ree Cover

1ree Cover

1ree Cover
Unreported



Area of 2ambia divided into ownership

Accordlng to the lLUA ussessment of the ureu hus been clusslfled us customury lund
us stute lund whlle of the lund ls under some form of prlvute ownershlp und ls
unknown


1able Ma[or land use class by ownership ha
Ma[or Land
Uses
Private
Individual
ownership
Private
Industrial
ownership
Other
private
ownership
State
ownership
Customary
ownership
Other
Unknown
ownership
lorests
Cther
vooded Lund
Cther Lund
lnlund vuter
1C1AL


As tuble und flgure lndlcute the mujorlty of forestlund ls under customury
ownershlp wlth most of the rest resldlng ln stute hunds A mere ls under prlvute
ownershlp wlth legul lund tltles 1he mujorlty of other wooded lund comprlsed of
bushlund und thlcket mungu woodlund und wooded grusslunds dumbo plulns ls ulso
under customury ownershlp

0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
Forests Other Wooded
Land
Other Land
h
e
c
t
a
r
e
s

(
'
0
0
0
)
Other/unknown ownership
Customary ownership
State ownership
Other private ownership
Industrial ownership
Individual ownership

Iigure Ma[or national land use classes by ownership

As cun be seen below ln 1uble the lund tenure system wlth the hlghest percentuge of
tree cover ls stuteowned lund 1hls ls us expected slnce stuteowned lund hosts u vurlety
of protected ureus such us forest reserves nuturul purks und wlldllfe munugement ureus
where hurvestlng ls llmlted or prohlblted ln fuct over hulf of the publlcly owned lund hus
tree cunopy cover over lt ls ulso lmportunt to note thut roughly of the surveyed
lund hud no known lund tenure lndlcutlng u luck of clurlty on user rlghts und un lncreused
potentlul for overexploltutlon


1able Area of tree canopy cover by land tenure
Land tenure
type
1ree Cover

1ree Cover

1ree Cover

1ree Cover

1ree Cover
Prlvute
lndlvlduul
Publlc Stute
Customury
Not known
1otal

Area of forests by designated functions protection status in 2ambia

lrom the lntervlews mude durlng the fleld ussessments seven dlfferent deslgnutlons of
protectlon stutus for the nuturul forests were recorded forests deslgnuted strlctly us
reserve forests known to be deslgnuted us nutlonul purks forests deslgnuted
for nuturul monuments forests deslgnuted for hubltut munugement forests
deslgnuted for multlpurpose forests deslgnuted for productlon
Approxlmutely of the nuturul forests ussessed could not be ldentlfled under uny
deslgnutlon whlle of the ureu wus ununswered for ln terms of protectlon stutus

1he recordlngs were bused purely on the level of understundlng of the users of the forest
resources ln the ureus vlslted Results reflect perceptlons of munugement deslgnutlons of
forests ruther thun legul deflnltlons of the lund surveyed As cun be seen below ln flgure
the protectlon stutus of u lurge proportlon of the forests surveyed wus elther not
known or consldered outslde of the optlons grunted ln muny cuses those consldered
other lndlcuted ure under customury ownershlp und not under uny purtlculur protectlon
stutus


6.5%
9.1%
0.3%
5.5%
0.0%
16.9%
23.7%
21.8%
16.0%
Area Forest Strict Reserve
Area Forest National Park
Area Forest Natural Monument
Area Forest Hapitat/species
Management Area
Area Forest Protected
Landscape
Area Forest Multiple Use
Area Forest for Production
Area Forest Not Known
Area Forest Other

Iigure Proportion of all forests by protection status


Area of forest by AgroLcological 2ones per Province
Clobul ugroecologlcul zones CAL2 huve been developed by lAC und the lnternutlonul
lnstltute for Applled Systems Anulysls llASA wlth the use of dlgltul globul dutubuses of
cllmutlc purumeters topogruphy soll und terruln und lund cover to predlct crop
sultublllty und lund productlvlty potentluls CAL2 mups lndlcuted thut 2umblu conslsts of
four ugroecologlcul zones Mup 1he flrst AL2 comprlses the low rulnfull semlurld
mm low ultltude m hot und dry ureus ulong the Luungwu und 2umbezl Rlft
vulleys AL2 llu conslsts of u subreglon of the medlum rulnfull mm pluteuu
lncludlng muln furmlng ureus on the pluteuu of Centrul Lustern und Southern Provlnces
1he ultltude runges between und m AL2 llb relutes to u subreglon of the
medlum rulnfull mm pluteuu comprlslng the kuluhurl 3urotse sund pluteuu
und the 2umbezl flood plulns 1he ultltude runges between und m AL2 lll
comprlses un ureu of hlgh rulnfull mm ln the north und on the pluteuu the ultltude
runges between und m

Accordlng to tuble below ubout of 2umblus nuturul forests ure locuted ln the
AgroLcologlcul 2one whlch ls shured by Luupulu Northern Northwestern Copperbelt
und northern Centrul und vestern provlnces Approxlmutely ure ln AgroLcologlcul
2one u shured ulmost by ull provlnces except for Copperbelt und Luupulu provlnces
whlle of the forests ure ln AgroLcologlcul 2one shured by vestern Southern
Lusuku Centrul und Lustern provlnces und ln AgroLcologlcul 2one b exlstlng
prlmurlly ln vestern und u very smull portlon of Northwestern 1hese results us
expected neutly correspond to rulnfull umounts

1able Iorests by Agroecological zones per province ha
Name of Province AL2 I Ba AL2 IIa Ba AL2 IIb Ba AL2 III Ba
1otal Iorest
Cover
Centrul
Copperbelt
Lustern
Map Agroecological zone map of 2ambia

Luupulu
Lusuku
North vestern
Northern
Southern
vestern
1O1AL
NA

Area of forest by ClobalLcological 2ones

1he lLUA lnventory clusslfled the forests ln 2umblu ulso uccordlng to Clobul Lcologlcul
2ones CL2 whlch ls u system bused on the lorest Resources Assessment lRA Clobul
Lcologlcul 2ones mup 2umblu hus three dlfferent zones lncludlng troplcul molst
declduous forest troplcul dry forest und troplcul mountuln 1he mujorlty of 2umblun
forests full wlthln the troplcul molst declduous forest zone tuble und only of
the totul lund ureu ls consldered to be troplcul mountuln

1able Iorest area ha by Clobalecological zones
Clobal Lcological
2ones
1ropical moist
deciduous forest
1ropical dry
forest
1ropical
mountain
1otul ureu hu



Management arrangement of forests

1uble shows the proportlon of forest ureu under munugement Munugement plun
refers to uny exlstlng forest or woodlund munugement plun Cverull most forests ln
2umblu full under trudltlonul customury munugement meunlng thut no formul
munugement urrungement ls formuluted Accordlng to the lnventory u lurge percentuge
of forests were recorded us not huvlng u known munugement plun whlle of
forests huve u formul munugement urrungement referrlng most llkely to stute lund
lncludlng nutlonul purks und forest reserves

1able Proportion of forest area under management arrangement
Iormal
Management 1raditional Management
Management
Not known



Area of forest by stand origin

As 1uble lndlcutes the lurge mujorlty of 2umblun forests neurly mllllon hectures of
the totul mllllon hectures of forest orlglnuted us nuturul regenerutlon vhlle they
were not cuptured ln the lLUA survey due to sumpllng lntenslty und thelr smull relutlve
slze pluntutlons uccount for upproxlmutely hectures prlmurlly locuted ln
Copperbelt provlnce 2AlllCC

1able Area of forest ha by stand origin per Province
2ambian provinces Natural regeneration Plantation Coppice Not known
Central
Copperbelt
Lastern
Luapula
Lusaka
North Western
Northern
Southern
Western
1otal

none of the lLUA tructs fell wlthln pluntutlons und therefore thls lnformutlon wus not
cuptured wlthln thls survey

1uble dlspluys stund orlgln by forest type vhlle ull forest types show nuturul
regenerutlon us the prlmury stund orlgln u smull portlon wlthln the semlevergreen
forests prlmurlly ln Copperbelt und Luupulu Provlnces lndlcute some umount of
copplclng us thelr orlgln

1able Area of forest ha by stand origin per forest type
Iorest type Natural regeneration Plantation Coppice Not known
Lvergreen
Semievergreen
Deciduous
Other natural forests
1O1AL

none of the lLUA tructs fell wlthln pluntutlons und therefore thls lnformutlon wus not
cuptured wlthln thls survey


Area of forest by stand structure

Stund structure refers to the dlstlnct cunopy luyers ln u stund und glves un ldeu of how
vurled und textured the forest ls Slngle luyer stunds only huve one welldeflned luyer
formed by the tree cunoples 1woluyer stunds huve two dlstlnct cunopy luyers un upper
luyer u domlnunt cunopy luyer wlth two thlrds ubove the lower luyer formlng u cleurly
deflned luyer wlth ut leust cunopy cover und u lower luyer understory 1he three
luyer stund ls comprlsed of three dlstlnct cunopy luyers euch wlth ut leust cunopy
cover u domlnunt upper luyer twothlrds ubove the lowest luyer un lntermedlute luyer
where the cunopy ls from one to two thlrds ubove the lower luyer und the lowest luyer
understory growlng ut u muxlmum helght of one thlrd of the domlnunt luyer

1able Area of forest ha by stand structure per Province
2ambian province
Onelayer forest 1wolayer forest
1hreelayer
forest
Centrul
Copperbelt
Lustern
Luupulu
Lusuku
North vestern
Northern
Southern
vestern
1otal


ln generul the more luyered the cunopy the older the forest stund ln 2umblu more thun
hulf of the forests ure consldered to huve u twoluyered cunopy whlle only surveyed
huve three dlstlnct luyers 1uken ln lsolutlon these flgures mlght be ulurmlng however
they could ulso be u product of forest type ruther thun degrudutlon Northwestern
provlnce wlth the hlghest extent of nuturul forests mllllon hectures ulso reports the
hlghest percentuge of multlluyered cunopy lndlcutlng more prlmury forests flgure
Accordlng to tuble these hlghly structured forests ure prlmurlly composed of
semlevergreen trees or mlombo woodlund


0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
C
e
n
t
r
a
l
C
o
p
p
e
r
b
e
l
t
E
a
s
t
e
r
n
L
u
a
p
u
l
a
L
u
s
a
k
a
N
o
r
t
h

W
e
s
t
e
r
n
N
o
r
t
h
e
r
n
S
o
u
t
h
e
r
n
W
e
s
t
e
r
n
(
'
0
0
0

h
a
)
1-Layer
2-Layer
3-Layer

Iigure Iorest area ha stand structure per Province

1able Area of forest ha by stand structure and forest type
Iorest type Onelayer forest 1wolayer forest 1hreelayer forest
Lvergreen
Semlevergreen
Leclduous
Cther nuturul forest
1otal


Area of forest by shrub coverage per Province

Shrub coveruge refers to the vertlcul projectlon of the shrub cunoples us u percentuge of
the totul ground ureu Shrub coveruge glves un lndlcutlon of forest texture much llke
stund structure 1uble shows the extent of shrub coveruge over ull forest types und
lndlcutes thut the mujorlty of 2umblun forests huve mlnlmul shrub coveruge of less
thun Around of the forest ureu conslsts of shrub coveruge runglng from
1hls ls slmllur to the flndlngs on stund structure lndlcutlng thut ln 2umblu hlghly
structured forest stunds ure ln the mlnorlty 1hls ls both due to the types of forests found
ln 2umblu us well us due to humunlnduced cleurlng for wood products und nontlmber
forest products Northern und vestern Provlnces reveul the lurgest extent of hlgh shrub

coveruge most llkely due to the fuct thut they ure remote und therefore forests ure very
dlfflcult to uccess

1able Lxtent of shrub coverage in forests ha per Province
2ambian province
Shrub coverage

Shrub coverage

Shrub coverage

Shrub
coverage

Centrul
Copperbelt
Lustern
Luupulu
Lusuku
North vestern
Northern
Southern
vestern
1otal


Area of forest other wooded land by degree of disturbance
lLUA ulso cuptured the extent of forest dlsturbunce wlthln 2umblu wlth dlsturbunce
deflned us the lmpuct level of humun uctlvlty ln the forest or other wooded lund 1hose
ureus churucterlzed us not dlsturbed ure where ull resources ure conserved und there ls
no extructlon of forest goods by humuns Protected ureus would be deflned us not
dlsturbed lorests deflned us sllghtly dlsturbed ure where there ls some exploltutlon of
forest goods und servlces 1hose forests churucterlzed us moderutely dlsturbed ure
where muny products ure collected wlthout munugement pluns und where sustulnuble
forest munugement ls endungered Eeuvlly dlsturbed forests ure those forests where
there ls hlgh humun pressure for forest products und servlces or encrouchment of
ugrlculture und where removul of forest products does not conform to munugement
pluns ln heuvlly dlsturbed forests the notlon of sustulnublllty ls not respected und
removul of forest products ls ubove meun unnuul lncrement

As cun be seen from the llgure below u lurge portlon of 2umblun forests ure ln good
condltlons undlsturbed or sllghtly dlsturbed wlth the forestlund belng neurly
unexplolted und resources conserved 1he mujorlty of these forests ure semlevergreen
forest types und ure typlcully lsoluted forests locuted on dlfflcult terruln le hllls und
escurpments where mun cun not reuch

5.5% 5.6%
25.5%
30.2%
33.1%
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
18,000
Not disturbed Slightly disturbed Moderately
disturbed
Heavily disturbed Disturbances not
recorded
'
0
0
0

h
a
Iigure Proportion of forest and other wooded land area and degree of disturbance


0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
Lvergreen Semlevergreen Leclduous CtherNuturul lorests
Llsturbunces not
recorded
Eeuvlly Llsturbed
Moderutely Llsturbed
Sllghtly Llsturbed
Not Llsturbed

Iigure Proportion of disturbance level of human activity over all forest types

Another of forests ure consldered to be sllghtly dlsturbed Approxlmutely of the
forest surveyed ls consldered to be moderutely dlsturbed Cnly of the forestlund ls
consldered heuvlly dlsturbed wlth removul hlgher thun meun unnuul lncrement 1hls
underscores the necesslty for promotlon of sustulnuble forest munugement purtlculurly
glven thut most of the forestlund ln 2umblu ls ulmost lntuct und cupuble of provldlng u
wlde urruy of llvellhood beneflts to the people of 2umblu

volume Results

Crowlng stock tree volume estlmutes ure bused on the fleld lnventory dutu collected ln
euch provlnce followlng the number of tructs uccessed by the fleld teums 1here were
tructs thut were uccesslble wlth totul ureu coveruge of hu ln thls ussessment
growlng stock CS refers to the gross volume of ull llvlng trees more thun cm ln
dlumeter ut breust helght und lncludes defectlve und dlseused trees lrom growlng stock
one cun obtuln commerclul utlllzuble volume up to bole helght whlch excludes trees
wlth lrregulurltles of the bole shupe cuused by normul growth ln uddltlon to those
lrregulurltles not purt of nuturul growth Commerclul volume ulso conslders only those
specles whlch ure consldered merchuntuble or potentlully merchuntuble under current
murket condltlons

1he tree volumes huve been dlvlded lnto Cross growlng stock volume und Commerclul
volume uccordlng to meusured totul helght und commerclul helght of llvlng trees
Commerclul volume ulso tukes lnto uccount only those specles consldered merchuntuble
under current murket condltlons whlle growlng stock conslders ull specles At the tlme of
thls report specles 1uble ln 2umblu were llsted us merchuntuble under current
murket condltlons


1he Cross 1ree stem volume growlng stock hus been culculuted us

Lbh

E
tot
f
gross


vhere
Lbh 1ree dlumeter ut breust helght
E
tot
1ree totul helght

f
gross



1he Commerclul 1ree stem volume hus been culculuted us

Lbh

E
comm
f
comm


vhere
Lbh 1ree dlumeter ut breust helght of commerclul specles
E
comm
1ree commerclul helght

f
comm


Crowing stock by Ma[or LandUse Class

3used on the totul ureu of uccesslble sumple plots hu ucross tructs the totul
growlng stock by mujor lunduse ls culculuted und expunded us bllllon m

for nuturul
forests mllllon m

for other wooded lund mllllon m

for other lund und mllllon m

ln lnlund wuter 1herefore the totul tree volume over the mujor lunduse comblned ls
bllllon m

dlstrlbuted over the whole country tuble

1able 1otal growing stock million m

and sampling error for ma[or land use classes

1otul lorest Cther vooded Lund Cther Lund lnlund vuter
Mllllon m

Sumpllng error
wlth PL

lorests ure prevulent throughout the 2umblun lundscupe of the totul lund ureu und
they were ussessed wlth the lowest sumpllng error SL of ut u probublllty level
meunlng thut the true volume of nuturul forests muy full between mllllon m

und
mllllon m

Llkewlse wlth u sumpllng error ut u probublllty level of the

true overull growlng stock volume fulls between mllllon m

und mllllon m

Crowing stock by all Land Use Classes and Iorest 1ypes

1he hlghest volume per hecture m

hu cun be found wlthln the Lvergreen forest

type 1hls ls closely followed by seml evergreen mlombodomlnuted forests whlch
contuln on uveruge m

hu Lue to thelr lurge extent over the lundscupe seml

evergreen forests hold the lurgest volume when expunded over the entlrety of 2umblu
volume per hecture rutes predlctubly decllne us we leuve the forest lnto wooded
grusslunds und shrublunds wlth m

hu und m

hu respectlvely lullow croplund hus

the hlghest volume of uny lund use outslde of forests contulnlng on uveruge m

hu

1able volume per hectare mha and expanded volumes over all land use classes and forest types
Iorest 1ypeLand Use Class m

hectare Overall volume m

Lvergreen lorest
Seml Lvergreen lorest
Leclduous lorest
Cther Nuturul lorest
3roudLeuved lorest
Pluntutlon
Conlferous lorest Pluntutlon
Shrubs
vooded Crusslunds
3urren Lund
Crusslund
Murshlund
Annuul Crop
Perennlul Crop
Pustures
lullow
Urbun
Rurul
Luke
Rlver
Lum
1otul


1uble below shows totul volume dlstrlbuted over ull provlnces wlthln euch of the
mujor lund use clusses As cun be seen Northwestern Provlnce holds the lurgest growlng
stock wlth over of the totul volume of the entlre country 1hls ls followed by Centrul
und vestern provlnces wlth und respectlvely Lusuku provlnce hus the lowest
recorded growlng stock uccountlng for of the totul growlng stock

1able volume per hectare m

ha and gross volume million m

by ma[or landuse per Province

Iorest
Other Wooded
Land
Other Land
Inland
Water
1otal
m

hu vol m

hu vol m

hu vol m

hu vol m

hu vol
Centrul
Copperbelt
Lustern
Luupulu
Lusuku
North
vestern
Northern
Southern
vestern
1O1AL


Crowing stock by Iorest 1ype

1he dlstrlbutlon of the expunded nutlonul growlng stock volume by forest type ls us
follows evergreen forest hus mllllon m

or declduous forest hus mllllon m

or
semlevergreen forest hus bllllon m

or whlle the other nuturul forests huve u

totul of mllllon m

or of the totul forest growlng stock of bllllon m

1able Crowing stock volume million m

for all forest types

1otal Lvergreen Iorest Semi Lvergreen Iorest Deciduous Iorest Other Natural Iorest





1able volume per hectare m

ha and Cross volume million m

by forest type per Province

Lvergreen
Semi
evergreen
Deciduous
Other
Natural
Iorest
1otal
m

hu vol m

hu vol m

hu vol m

hu vol m

hu vol
Centrul
Copperbelt
Lustern
Luupulu
Lusuku
North
vestern
Northern
Southern
vestern
1O1AL



Commercial volume by Ma[or Land Use Class

ln 2umblu the mlnlmum dlumeter for merchuntuble
tlmber trees specles le trees thut cun be cut for
tlmber ls cm over burk meusured ut m ubove
ground A forest llcense stlpulutes thut u
concesslonulre muy only cut for tlmber uny
commerclul tree specles le trees consldered to be
of hlgh vulue by the wood lndustrles wlth dlumeter
more thun cm Such trees muy huve hlgh vulue ln
terms of tlmber strength und durublllty propertles
und wlll provlde reusonuble recovery percentuge for
tlmber pleces 1here ure commerclul specles
consldered by the wood lndustrles to be of hlgh
vulue und good quullty ln the constructlon lndustry
tuble 1hese ure the specles thut ure ulso llsted
by the lorestry Lepurtments specles prlce llst
llcensed for tlmber exploltutlon ucross the country
1he merchuntuble volume ls computed from trees
whose mlnlmum dlumeter ls cm meusured over
burk ut breust helght L3E wlth bole helght
meusured to the flrst blg brunch
Iigure 8rochystego spcjorms


1uble shows the commerclul volume expunslon ut the country scule computed from
euch truct und dlstrlbuted by mujor lund use us follows forests huve mllllon m

other
wooded lund hus mllllon m

other lund hus mllllon m

und lnlund wuter holds

upproxlmutely m

1he totul merchuntuble volume for these specles dlstrlbuted

ucross ull lund uses ls estlmuted ut mllllon m

1hls volume represents of the

totul nutlonul growlng stock















1able 1otal commercial volume million m and volume per hectare for ma[or land use classes

1otal lorest Cther vooded Lund Cther Lund lnlund vuter



Commercial volume by Ma[or Land Use Class by Province

1uble shows commerclul volume per hecture ulongslde of totul commerclul volume by
Provlnce As wlth the gross volume Northwestern Provlnce contulns the hlghest
commerclul volume of mllllon cublc meters und m

hu followed by vestern und

Centrul Provlnces whlch hold und respectlvely Copperbelt hus the second
hlghest commerclul volume per hecture m

hu


1able Commercial volume per hectare mha and total commercial volume million m by ma[or
landuse per Province

Iorest
Other
Wooded
Land
Other Land Inland Water 1otal
m

hu vol m

hu vol m

hu vol m

hu vol m

hu vol
Centrul
Copperbelt
Lustern
1able Commercial 1ree Species in 2ambia
Ajzela quanzenss Lnrandronragma excelsum
Albza adanrnjola Lryrnronleum ajrcanum
Albza anrunesana |aurea salgna
8akaea lurjuga culbourra coleoserma
8racnysrega jlorbunda lsoberlna angolenss
8racnysrega longjola 1ulbernada globjlora
8racnysrega scjorms knaya nyasca
alberga nrdula lercoss angolenss
Lnrandronragma caudarum lrerocarus angolenss
Lnrandronragma delevoy

Luupulu
Lusuku
North
vestern
Northern
Southern
vestern
1O1AL


Commercial volume vs growing stock volume by Province
As cun be seen ln tuble und flgure commerclul volume uccounts for roughly of
the totul growlng stock volume 1he hlghest proportlon of commerclul to gross volume
occurs ln vestern Provlnce Lusuku Provlnce holds the lowest totul commerclul
volume mllllon m

whlch represents u mere of the totul gross volume

1able Proportion of commercial volume to total growing stock by Province
Provlnces Cross volume mllllon m

Comm volume mllllon m

Proportlon
Centrul
Copperbelt
Lustern
Luupulu
Lusuku
North vestern
Northern
Southern
vestern
1otul

Centrul
Copperbelt
Lustern
Luupulu
Lusuku
North vestern
Northern
Southern
vestern
Cross volume M Comm volume M

Iigure Comparison of commercial volume to total growing stock by Province million m

Commercial volume vs growing stock volume by Ma[or Land Use Class

1uble llsts the proportlon of commerclul volume to totul growlng stock by mujor lund
use Cn uveruge the proportlon of totul commerclul volume to gross volume ls
upproxlmutely Cther Lund whlch lncludes cultlvuted und munuged lunds bulltup
ureus us well us murshlund grusslund und burren lunds uccounts for the hlghest
proportlon wlth whlle lnlund wuter constltutes the lowest proportlon of
commerclul to gross volumes ut

1able Proportion of commercial volume million m to total growing stock by Ma[or Landuse Class
Mujor Lunduse
Cross volume m

Commerclul volume m

Proportlon
Nuturul lorests

Cther wooded lund

Cther lund

lnlund vuter

1otul



Commercial volume by Iorest 1ype

1he dlstrlbutlon of commerclul specles volume by forest type ls dlrectly lnfluenced by the
ureu cover for lndlvlduul lund useforest types Eowever some forest types muy huve
hlgher commerclul specles frequency und dlstrlbutlon thun the other 1he merchuntuble
volume ls expunded from the truct level compututlon tuble und dlstrlbuted by forest
type us follows evergreen forests huve u totul of mllllon m

or semlevergreen
forests huve mllllon m

or declduous forests huve mllllon m

or und
other nuturul forests huve mllllon m

or

1able Distribution commercial volume million m by forest type
1otul Lvergreen lorest
Seml Lvergreen
lorest
Leclduous
lorest Cther lorests



Commercial volume by Iorest 1ype and Province
1uble llsts commerclul volume per hecture und totul commerclul volume by forest type
per Provlnce As wlth gross volume the lurgest commerclul volume mllllon m

cun
be found wlthln Northwestern Provlnce the mujorlty of whlch ls held wlthln seml
evergreen forests Semlevergreen forests hold the mujorlty of commerclul tree
volume followed by the declduous bulkleu kuluhurl und mopune woodlunds forest type
ut Copperbelt Provlnce hus the hlghest commerclul volume per hecture ut
m

hu much of whlch ls seml evergreen forest 1hls represents twlce us much us the
totul rute for ull forests of m

hu


1able Commercial volume per hectare m

ha and total commercial volume million m

by forest type
per Province

Lvergreen
Semi
evergreen
Deciduous
Other
Natural
Iorest
1otal

m

hu vol m

hu vol m

hu vol m

hu vol m

hu vol
Centrul
Copperbelt
Lustern
Luupulu
Lusuku
North
vestern
Northern
Southern
vestern
1O1AL


Commercial volume by diameter distribution

1he tree specles ln tuble llst those specles whlch ure consldered to be the most hlghly
vulued und ln demund frequently hurvested by tlmber truders ucross the country both ut
smull medlum und lurge scule suwmllllng 8racnysrega scjorms ls recorded us the most
volumlnous commerclul specles wlth upproxlmutely m

hu ucross the whole of

2umblu

1able volume per hectare mha by D8B for top Commercial 1ree Species
1ree Species D8B 1O1AL
8racnysrega
scjorms
lsoberlna angolenss
lrerocarus
angolenss
Lryrnronleum
ajrcanum
8racnysrega
longjola

lercoss angolenss
1ulbernada globjlora
culbourra
coleoserma
8racnysrega
jlorbunda
Albza adanrnjola
Albza anrunesana
|aurea salgna
alberga nrdula
8akaea lurjuga
Lnrandronragma
caudarum
knaya nyasca
Ajzela quanzenss
Lnrandronragma
delevoy
Lnrandronragma
excelsum
1otal m

Crowing stock volume and stems per hectare by diameter distribution

lor the totul ureu of 2umblu the uveruge tree volume ls m

hu Approxlmutely of
the volume ls found wlthln the lurgest Lbh cluss conslstlng of trees greuter thun
centlmeters ut Lbh About of the overull volume ls found ln trees wlth u Lbh smuller
thun cm Eulf of the tree volume cun be found ln trees wlth u Lbh between cm
llgure

1he totul ureu of 2umblu hus on uveruge stems per hecture cm About of
these stems huve u Lbh of cm und only of these stems huve u Lbh greuter thun
cm llgure

vlthln forests the uveruge tree volume lncreuses to upproxlmutely m

hu llgure
Slnce forests hold the mujorlty of the tree volume there ure very slmllur volume
dlstrlbutlons us wlth the volume per hecture over the whole of 2umblu 1he dlumeter
cluss thut holds the greutest volume ls the lurgest cluss conslstlng of trees wlth
dlumeters greuter thun cm 1he uveruge number of stems per hecture ln forests ls
und upproxlmutely of these stems huve u Lbh cm llgure


0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
7-10cm 10-20cm 20-30cm 30-40cm >40cm
Dbh-classes (cm)
m
3

p
e
r

h
e
c
t
a
r
e

Iigure Cross volume per hectare by Dbh class over total area of 2ambia

cm cm cm cm cm total
m

ha


0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
70.00
80.00
90.00
7-10cm 10-20cm 20-30cm 30-40cm >40cm
Dbh-classes (cm)
s
t
e
m
s

p
e
r

h
e
c
t
a
r
e

Iigure Stems per hectare by Dbh class over total area of 2ambia
cm cm cm cm cm total
stemsha



0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
7-10cm 10-20cm 20-30cm 30-40cm >40cm
Dbh-classes (cm)
m
3

p
e
r

h
e
c
t
a
r
e

Iigure Cross volume per hectare by Dbh class in all forests




0
20
40
60
80
100
120
7-10cm 10-20cm 20-30cm 30-40cm >40cm
Dbh-classes (cm)
s
t
e
m
s

p
e
r

h
a

Iigure Stems per hectare by Dbh class in all forests

0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
7-10cm 10-20cm 20-30cm 30-40cm >40cm
Dbh-classes (cm)
m
3

p
e
r

h
e
c
t
a
r
e
Evergreen
Semi-evergreen
Deciduous
Other Natural Forest

Iigure Cross volume per hectare by Dbh class for the different forest types



0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
7-10cm 10-20cm 20-30cm 30-40cm >40cm
Dbh-classes (cm)
S
t
e
m
s

p
e
r

h
e
c
t
a
r
e
Evergreen
Semi-evergreen
Deciduous
Other Natural Forest

Iigure Stems per hectare by Dbh class for the different forest types


0.00
2.00
4.00
6.00
8.00
10.00
12.00
14.00
16.00
18.00
20.00
7-10cm 10-20cm 20-30cm 30-40cm >40cm
Dbh-classes (cm)
m
3

p
e
r

h
e
c
t
a
r
e
Forest
Other Wooded Land
Other Land
Inland Water

Iigure Cross volume per hectare by Dbh class over ma[or land use classes



0.00
20.00
40.00
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
7-10cm 10-20cm 20-30cm 30-40cm >40cm
Dbh classes (cm)
s
t
e
m
s

p
e
r

h
a
Forest
Other Wooded Land
Other Land
Inland Water

Iigure Stems per hectare by Dbh class over ma[or land use classes


1ree density frequency and species distribution
1here ure generully over dlfferent tree specles ln the 2umblun vegetutlon types but
durlng the lLUA only totul number of tree specles or genus were meusured und
ldentlfled As descrlbed ln the methodology chupter tree ldentlflcutlon purtlculurly lf
unknown to the fleld crew wus typlcully done through the help of locul guldes who
would glve locul numes thut would then be trunsluted lnto thelr tuxonomlc numes ln
Lusuku
As seen ln tuble ull tree specles were locuted both ln forests und outslde of
forests Cther vooded Lund Cther Lund und lnlund vuter lund use clusses 1hls
underscores the lmportunce of trees outslde forests ln the lurger context of sustulnuble
forest munugement und blodlverslty lorests ure not the only lund uselund cover to
turget wlth respect to conservutlon und sustulnuble munugement 1uble ulso llsts the
compurutlve frequencles of forests und trees outslde forests wlth forests by thelr very
deflnltlon holdlng tlmes the denslty of trees us those other lund uses contulnlng trees
outslde of forests


1able Number of stemsha and frequency in forests and trees outside forests
Number of known tree species
Land Use 1ype

lorest
1rees Cutslde lorests

Irequency of tree ha
Land Use 1ype
lorests
1rees Cutslde lorests

1he most frequent tree specles of the represented wlthln forests ure 1ulbernada
anculara lornyncnus condylocaron 8racnysrega boenm und the most frequent tree
specles represented outslde of forests ure Amblygonocarus andongenss 8racnysrega
raxjola 8rdela mcranrna

1uble llstlng the dlumeter dlstrlbutlons und stems per hecture of the top frequent
tree specles lndlcutes thut 1ulbernada anculara ls the most prevulent tree specles wlth
upproxlmutely trees per hecture followed closely by lornyncnus condylocaron ut
stems per hecture 1he 8racnysrega genus ls ulso one of the most commonly found
trees throughout ull of 2umblu Cver of these frequently found trees cun be found ln
the cm dlumeter cluss wlth the hlghest stem per hecture rute treeshu found ln
the cm cluss


1able Stems per hectare by D8B class for most frequent species
Diameter Classes Number of StemsBa
1ree Species
1O1AL
1ulbernada anculara
lornyncnus
condylocaron
8racnysrega boenm
colonosermum
moane
8racnysrega scjorms
lseudolacnnosryls
marounejola
lsoberlna angolenss
lrerocarus angolenss
combrerum molle
uaaca krkana
Vonores ajrcanus
1ulbernada globjlora
larnar curarelljola
Lannea dscolor
uaaca nrda
Lryrnronleum ajrcanum
osyros barocana
lercoss angolenss
8racnysrega longjola
8urkea ajrcana
1otal



1uble dlspluys tree densltles for the commerclul tree specles 1he dlstrlbutlon of the
totul stems per hecture of ull commerclul specles shows thut the mujorlty of the trees
lnventorled rest ln the smullest dlumeter clusses from cm lndlcutlng u heulthy
supply of regenerutlon 1hose commerclul specles ln the lurgest dlumeter cluss of cm
und ubove lndlcute u very low frequency of only trees per hecture


1able Stems per hectare by D8B for Commercial 1ree Species
Diameter Classes Number of StemsBa
1ree Species
D8B 1otal
8racnysrega scjorms
lsoberlna angolenss
lrerocarus angolenss
1ulbernada globjlora
Lryrnronleum ajrcanum
lercoss angolenss
8racnysrega longjola
culbourra coleoserma
Albza anrunesana
8racnysrega jlorbunda
|aurea salgna
alberga nrdula
Albza adanrnjola
8akaea lurjuga
Lnrandronragma
excelsum
Ajzela quanzenss
Lnrandronragma delevoy
knaya nyasca
Lnrandronragma
caudarum
1otal stemsha of
commercial species


Regeneration potential in natural forest cover types

1here ure between und stemshu of dlfferent tree seedllngs cm by forest
types 1hls estlmute muy uppeur low but slnce the lnventory wus conducted only once ln
the dry seuson ufter the furmlng seuson the mortullty rute could not be estlmuted und
therefore the estlmuted number of stems for tree seedllngs could be two to three tlmes
hlgher thun whut wus cuptured und reported ln some forest types Cenerully the
regenerutlon potentlul ln most forest types ls good especlully where lund ls left to
regenerute for to yeurs ufter dlsturbunce Eowever lt wus more common to flnd hlgh
regenerutlon potentlul ln ureus where flres muy huve occurred us compured to lund
where lntenslve ugrlculture muy huve been pructlced 1hls ls uttrlbuted to the dlfference
ln levels of dlsturbunce und or effect on the root und shoots system lntenslve flre wlll
cuuse hlgh mortullty to tree seedllngs but the vlgor und potentlul for trees to regenerute
ls normully stuble whlle lntenslve cultlvutlon slgnlflcuntly reduces thut vlgor


9,895
4,014
1,952
16,156
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
18,000
N
o

o
f

S
t
e
m
s

/

H
a
Deciduous Forest Evergreen Forest Other Natural Forest Semi-evergreen Forest
Forest Types

Iigure Regeneration potential stemsha by forest type

Unfortunutely ln muny purts of 2umblu much of the subslstence furm lund ls munuged
under shrub vegetutlon whlch people return to cut just before the ruln seuson 1he
number of stems for tree specles wlth dlumeter between und cm Lbh flgure ure
low stemshu becuuse they ure susceptlble to flre dumuge und cuttlng for openlng up
flelds for cultlvutlon whlle only u few muy be cut for other uses 1he hlghest denslty of
regenerutlon wus found ln semlevergreen forests whlch holds upproxlmutely of the
totul regenerutlon out of ull the forest types flgure

8iomass and carbon stocks results

Crowlng stock estlmutes for the forest other wooded lund other lund und lnlund wuter
form one of the fundumentul prlnclples used for reportlng the umount of blomuss und
curbon stock for 2umblu ln order to compute und generute the blomuss und curbon
stocks estlmutes for 2umblu the lLUA process used the methodologlcul frumework
developed by the lPCC documented ln the lPCC Culdellnes for Nutlonul Creenhouse
Cus CEC lnventorles volume chupters und

1he followlng generul formulus were used for culculutlng blomuss und eventuully curbon
from growlng stock flgures reported ln chupter


Iigure Iormulas used for calculating biomass and carbon IPCC Cuidelines
AC3 CS vL 3Ll
or
AC3 CS 3CLl

3C3 AC3 R
Lv3 CS 3CLl
C C
f
AC33C3Lv

vhere
AC3 Aboveground blomuss tonnes
3C3 3elowground blomuss tonnes
C Curbon from uboveground belowground und deudwood blomuss
C
f
Curbon fructlon of uboveground blomuss
Lv3 Leudwood blomuss
CS Crowlng stock volume m

over burk
vL 3uslc wood denslty Lry welght green volume expressed ln tonnesm

3CLl 3lomuss converslon und expunslon fuctor Above ground blomussgrowlng
stock tonnesm

3Ll 3lomuss expunslon fuctor Above ground blomuss stem blomuss
R Rootshoot rutlo 3elowground blomuss Aboveground blomuss

As seen ln the flgure ubove there ure two optlons uvulluble for culculutlng ubove
ground blomuss AC3 1he lLUA dlrectly upplled the second optlon whlch uses the
blomuss converslon und expunslon fuctors 3CLl to the growlng stock flgures 3used on
these equutlons the lLUA dutu wus lnltlully computed to generute uboveground
belowground und deudwood blomuss results bused on the truct level dutu 1hese results
were then expunded for the whole country us ln tubles und below 1hese
flgures would be enough for 2umblu to report to the UNlCCC on forest curbon stocks us
u nonAnnex country llgures derlved from the lLUA cun usslst 2umblu ln provldlng 1ler
und posslbly 1ler curbon estlmutes Curbon estlmutes from lltter und soll could ulso be
derlved however these rely solely on lPCC defuult vulues ruther thun lnventorled dutu

As cun be seen from the tubles below 2umblun forests hold u conslderuble umount
of the totul uboveground blomuss for the entlre country 1he totul uboveground blomuss
over ull lund use clusses totuls to bllllon metrlc tonnes 3elowground blomuss ls
estlmuted ut mllllon metrlc tons for u totul blomuss flgure of bllllon metrlc tonnes
Leudwood uccounts for un uddltlonul mllllon metrlc tonnes Addlng up these flgures
und multlplylng them by the curbon fructlon of glves us totul curbon estlmutes of
bllllon tonnes of curbon stored ln trees for the country ut lurge 1he bulk of thls curbon
bllllon tonnes ls found wlthln the semlevergreen forest type domlnuted by
mlombo woodlund vhlle evergreen forests hold the hlghest denslty of blomuss
tonneshu slnce thelr extent ls ruther smull they only constltute of the totul tree
curbon Cverull uboveground blomuss denslty ls estlmuted ut tonneshu wlth u
sumpllng error ut confldence 1hls sumpllng error nuturully lncreuses for blomuss
locuted ln rurer lund uses such us lnlund wuter

1able 1otal aboveground biomass and biomass density in the ma[or land use classes
A8OvL CROUND 8IOMASS AND 8IOMASS DLNSI1Y IN 1BL MA1OR LAND USL CLASSLS
Lund Use Cluss
Aboveground 3lomuss
Lenslty tonneshu
1otul Aboveground
3lomuss
mllllon metrlc
tonnes
of totul
uboveground
blomuss
Sumpllng Lrror

lorest
Cther vooded Lund
Cther Lund
lnlund vuter
1O1AL

1able 1otal biomass deadwood and carbon stocks million metric tonnes in 2ambia
8IOMASS DLADWOOD AND CAR8ON S1OCkS IN MILLION ML1RIC 1ONNLS
Lund Use Cluss
Aboveground
3lomuss
Lenslty
tonneshu
Aboveground
3lomuss
mlll metrlc
tonnes
3elowground
3lomuss
mlll metrlc
tonnes
1otul
3lomuss
mlll metrlc
tonnes
Leudwood

mlll metrlc
tonnes
Curbon
Stock
mlll
metrlc
tonnes
of
1otul
Curbon
Lvergreen
lorest
Seml
evergreen
lorest
Leclduous
lorest
Cther Nuturul
lorests
Shrub
1hlckets
vooded
Crusslunds
Crusslunds
Murshlunds
Annuul Crop
Perennlul
Crops
Pusture
lullow
Rurul 3ullt up
Rlverlne ureus
1O1AL



1able Spatial distribution of biomass by Province
Provlnce
Slze of
Provlnce
hu
Aboveground
3lomuss
tonneshu
Lxpunded ubove und
below ground
blomuss mllllon
metrlc tonnes
of totul
blomuss
Runklng
Centrul
Copperbelt
Lustern
Luupulu
Lusuku
North vestern
Northern
Southern
vestern
1otal Na

ILUA socioeconomic results

1he lLUA socloeconomlc results were bused on four muln themutlc ureus Poverty
reductlon und food securlty Access to resources Lnvlronment und nuturul resources
Lnergy und cllmute chunge reluted lssues Socloeconomlc dutu le the lnformutlon on
lncome levels uccess to resources whlch lncludes uccess to extenslon servlces und
products from both forestry und ugrlculture employment opportunltles ln forestry wus
ulso useful ln ldentlfylng trends especlully ln the context of publlc expectutlons
government pollcles lndustry development und the socloeconomlc lmportunce of
forests ln purtlculur the socloeconomlc results wlll be used to plun deslgn und
lmplement nutlonul und lnternutlonul pollcles und strutegles for sustulnuble use und
conservutlon of nuturul ecosystems und to understund the relutlonshlp between
resources und users of these resources

1herefore comprehenslve socloeconomlc lssues ure well covered und documented ln
the lLUA socloeconomlc report tltled 1he use of the lLUA dutu for lorestry und
Agrlculturul pollcy revlew und unulysls ln 2umblu whlch ls u supportlve lLUA flnul output
bused on the fleld ussessment


Local communities population around tracts

1he uveruge populutlon per household ls people 1here were households
ussessed over populuted tructs uccessed by the fleld crews wlth un estlmuted totul
populutlon of people tuble A totul of tructs representlng of the
populuted tructs hud to households ussessed wlth u totul populutlon of
people 1here were tructs representlng of the populuted tructs wlth to
households per tructs wlth u totul populutlon of people whlle tructs hud
to households wlth un estlmuted populutlon of people und tructs hud
between und households wlth un estlmuted populutlon of people us shown ln
tuble below 3used on the populutlon estlmutes u good number of tructs ure hlghly
populuted und therefore muy be depleted encrouched und or threutened wlth
encrouchment

1able Number of years for settlements
Yeurs slnce
settlement
estubllshed
Number
of tructs
Number of
Eouseholds
Lstlmuted
Populutlon Stutus of forest
lntuct ngn joresr conrenr
1hreutened ngn joresr conrenr
Purtlully encrouched moderare joresr conrenr
Lncrouched low joresr conrenr
Eeuvlly encrouched low joresr conrenr
Under fullow low joresr conrenr
Lepleted very low joresr conrenr
1otal Iull Details

1he results ln the tuble ubove compure well wlth the remote senslng unulysls reflected ln
chupter below on uccess to resources und the llkely lmpuct over tlme Elghly populuted
centers or ureus und ulong the rouds ure prone to lund cover chunge due to populutlon
pressure over the uvulluble resources wlthln thelr reuch

Accordlng to records retrleved from the fleld dutu the oldest settlements ure well over
yeurs though u number of these settlements huve experlenced mlgrutlons und
lmmlgrutlons over the yeurs Approxlmutely of the settlements und households
ussessed were us young us to yeurs ut the dute of the fleld ussessments Most of these
settlements were estubllshed followlng the presence und uccess to mujor forest products
und servlces such us wuter und lntuct forests vlrgln lund for ugrlculture expunslon
1herefore the forest resources uround hlgh populuted tructs ure ln u dynumlc stute due
to humun presence


Iorest products and services

3esldes such wood products us poles flrewood und suwn tlmber forests produce muny
nonwood forest products NvlP whlch ure very essentlul for the llvellhoods of the
locul communltles 1he NvlPs ure dlvlded lnto four cutegorles
Plant products lrults nuts seeds roots mushrooms unlmul und bee fodder
medlclnul plunts etc
Animal products 3ee products meut provlded by vertebrutes etc
Iorest services and benefits locul employment envlronmentul servlces lncludlng
soll conservutlon wutershed protectlon protectlon ugulnst eroslon ecotourlsm
flshlng us lelsure uctlvlty etc
Crazing for household unlmuls

Accordlng to the tuble below results from respondents reveuled thut the lurgest spreud
of forestlund wlthln settlements ls dedlcuted to the collectlon of nonwood forest
products NvlPs thun uny other product 1he trend ls slmllur ucross ull provlnces wlth
the leust umount of forest lund belng used for unlmul gruzlng ln ull the provlnces
vestern Provlnce known for lurge herds of cuttle lndlcutes u lurger umount of
forestlund used for gruzlng llgure dlspluys the household runklng of euch product or
servlce derlved from nuturul forests ruther thun the extent of forestlund used for
hurvestlng us ln tuble 1he hlghest proportlon of households llsted fuelwood
whlch ls the mujor energy source for the rurul people us the hlghest fetched product of
ull followed by constructlon muterluls such us poles und thutchlng gruss

1able Proportion of area used for different products and services by Province
Provlnces
of Areu
Used for
Mujor vood
Products
of Areu for
NvlP Plunt
Products
of Areu for
NvlP Anlmul
Products
of Areu for
lorest Servlces
und beneflts
of Areu
Used for
Cruzlng
Centrul
Copperbelt
Lustern
Luupulu
Lusuku
Northern
North western
Southern
vestern
1otal



Products and services from Forests, %
0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0
Fuelwood
Construction material (NWFP)
Plant food
Plant medicines
Honey, beewax
Industrial wood
Bush meat
Wood carvings
Charcoal
Protection
Fodder
Other edible animal products
Recreation and tourism
Employment (salary)
Grazing
Living animals
Other services
Dyings/Tannins
Utensils/Handicraft (NWFP)
Exudates
Herbs and spices
Shade
Medicines from animals
Ornamentals
Other non edible animal products
Other Plant products
Aesthetic
Windbreaks

Iigure Rank of products and services derived from natural forests amongst households


As seen from flgure bused on household runklngs the use of NvlPs ls less common
thun the use of mujor wood products however most households lndlcuted thut they use
u vurlety of products from forests whlch hlghllghts the lmportunce multlple use of
forests und the numerous products thut cun beneflt the locul communltles

1able Area of forest for timber exploitation by forest type

1uble shows thut cleur cuttlngs were recorded only on percent of the forest ureus
whereus observutlons on selectlve felllngs could be found on percent of the forests
ureus Cn the other hund the portlon of forests wlth no felllng totulled ulmost to
percent 1hese dutu ls very much ln llne wlth the flndlngs on dlsturbunce levels ln the
forests llgure

2ambian
Provinces
No felling Clearcutting
Selective
felling
Croup
Ielling
Strip
felling
Other
Unrecorde
d
Deciduous
Iorest
Lvergreen
Iorest
Other
Natural
Iorest
Semi
evergreen
Iorest
1otal


Importance of tree species
765
401
254
198
62
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
H
H

i
n

a
f
f
i
r
m
a
t
i
v
e

f
o
r

H
-
R
a
n
k
i
n
g
Gulbourtia
coleosperma
Pterocarpus
angolensis
Baikiaea plurijuga Erythrophleum
africanum
Pericorpsis
angolensis
TIMBER SPECIES

Iigure Important timber species by ranked highest B

Accordlng to the household survey the most lmportunt three specles for tlmber umong
the vust number of specles ln 2umblu ure culbourra coleoserma und lrerocarus
angolenss llgure culbourra coleoserma wus mentloned neurly by hulf of the
lntervlewed people 1ulbernarda anculara und 8racnysrega spp were most common for
fuelwood Medlclnul use of trees hus un lmportunt role ln the locul communltles the
most common specles for thut ure cassa abrevara und lornyncnus condylocaron

38
29
33
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
% Distribution
Natural forests
Other wooded land
Other land

Iigure Products and services assessed by ma[or landuse


1here were u totul of dlfferent products und servlces uccessed over ull tructs by mujor
lundusecover cluss Some products were ulmost found ln every truct whlle others were
ureu or truct speclflc 1hese most common products und servlces were recorded over
tlmes ln tructs ussessed As cun be seen from the llgure dlfferences between mujor
lund use clusses ln provlslon of products und servlces were not slgnlflcunt About
dlfferent products und servlces uccessed by respondents were reported ln the nuturul
forests whlle were recorded ln other wooded lund und ln other lund us
shown ln flgure ubove

Annual household income

1he lLUA dutu shows thut the households derlve u wlde runge of products und servlces
from forests or woodlund ureus underscorlng the lmportunce of thls resource to thelr
llvellhood strutegles und ln poverty reductlon A mujorlty of households lndlcuted thut
they derlve lncome from the sules of llvestock products llke meut mllk honey und eggs
thus reflectlng the lmportunce of llvestock und ln the llvellhoods of the rurul households
ln ull the Provlnces 1here ls vurlutlon ln the types of llvestock products sold by Provlnce
und by seuson

Most of the rurul communlty households surveyed lndlcuted thut they eurn less thun
l USL unnuully 1hese flgures huve to be tuken wlth cuutlon slnce lt ls
usuully dlfflcult to get uccurute lncome dutu for obvlous reusons Mup shows the
modelled dlstrlbutlon of totul household lncome und cleurly ldentlfles ureus where
lncome ls slgnlflcuntly lower thun elsewhere most notubly u lurge ureu ln vestern
Provlnce und ln purts of the north und the eust lncome ls relutlvely hlgh uround the mujor
cltles 1hls trunslutes lnto relutlvely hlgh lncome ln the mlxed ruln fed productlon systems
ulong the old llne of rull ln Southern Centrul Lusuku und Copperbelt Provlnces 1hese ure
ureus wlth emergent commerclul und lurgescule commerclul furmers us well us some
level of other economlc uctlvltles ln the lndustrlul und munufucturlng sectors



Map Modelled distribution of total household income

Crop production

1he muln food und cush crop ls mulze both locul und hybrld vurletles whlch were
cultlvuted by the mujorlty of the surveyed households As lndlcuted ln llgure below
other lmportunt crops ure groundnuts tuklng of the cultlvuted ureu by the surveyed
households cussuvu beuns Mlllet Sweet potutoes und others
Mulze whlch uccounts for most of the lund under cultlvutlon ls the stuple food for
locul people lt ls lurgely regurded us u subslstence crop ulthough the bulk of the produce
ls murketed


Wheat
0%
Maize
25%
Rye
0%
Millet
8%
Rice
2%
Beans
10%
Soybeans
2%
Groundnut s
15%
Sweet pot at oes
7%
Irish pot atoes
1%
Cassava
14%
Other annual food crop
3%
Tobacco
0%
Sunflower
1%
Paprika
0%
Tree nurseries ornamental
0%
Guava
0%
Cot ton 4%
Sorghum
5%

Iigure Proportion of land under cultivation in sample households

1he domlnunce of mulze cultlvutlon hus pollcy lmpllcutlons ln terms of promotlng
upproprlute lund use dlverslflcutlon of crops und the provlslon of reseurch und extenslon
servlces Covernment cun conslder promotlon of crop dlverslflcutlon ln order to lmprove
food securlty especlully ln murglnul ureus whlch full to support mulze productlon whlch ls
hlghly dependent on hlgh cost lnputs llke fertlllzer Alternutlve grulns llke sorghum or
mlllet us well us tubers llke cussuvu cun be promoted for productlon by smullholder
furmers ln ureus where the ugroecologlcul condltlons support these crops

Livestock production activities

Llvestock productlon ls lmportunt due to the numerous goods und servlces offered both
to rurul households und the nutlonul economy und the soclety Cne of the muln
construlnts to lncreused llvestock productlon ln 2umblu ls the problem of dlseuses
Llseuse outbreuks purtlculurly those uffectlng cuttle ure of economlc lmportunce glven
the hlgh losses thut the country lncurs when they occur

1uble shows the relutlve contrlbutlon of the dlfferent llvestock to totul Llvestock Unlts
LU umong the sumple households Llvestock Unlts meusure the contrlbutlon of
llvestock to household lncome An lndlvlduul LU ls u unlt thut represents un unlmul of
kg llve welght und ls used to uggregute dlfferent specles und clusses of llvestock us
follows cuttle gout und sheep plg chlcken und other poultry Chllondu
und Ctte Cleurly cuttle ure u mujor contrlbutor to the totul LU for the households

especlully ln Centrul Lusuku Lustern Southern und vestern Provlnces where they
uccount for more thun of the totul LU

1able 1otal and mean number of livestock owned by sample households
1otul Llvestock Unlts
Llvestock Centrul Copperbelt Lustern Luupulu Lusuku Nvestern Northern Southern vestern 1otul
Cuttle
Sheep
Couts
Plgs
Poultry
1otul LU
Averuge Llvestock Unlts
Cuttle
Sheep
Couts
Plgs
Poultry
Averuge
LU
No of
BBs

0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Percent
C
e
n
t
r
a
l
C
o
p
p
e
r
b
e
l
t
E
a
s
t
e
r
n
L
u
a
p
u
l
a
L
u
s
a
k
a
N
o
r
t
h

W
e
s
t
e
r
n
N
o
r
t
h
e
r
n
S
o
u
t
h
e
r
n
W
e
s
t
e
r
n
Province
Poultry
Pigs
Goats
Sheep
Cattle

Iigure Contribution of different species to total livestock units

ln order to estlmute un uggregute herd slze for the sumple households und be uble to
compure dlfferent llvestock cows gouts plgs etc the Llvestock Unlt Unlt equlvulence
meusure wus used 3used on the LU equlvulence meusure we flnd thut umong the sumple

households on un uveruge the households whlch huve the lurgest herd slzes ure ln
Lusuku Provlnce followed by those ln Centrul Southern und vestern
Provlnce und Lustern wlth LU flgure 1hese survey flndlngs ure conslstent
wlth whut ls generully known ubout these ureus of the country ln terms of llvestock
productlon Lusuku Southern und Centrul Provlnces ure predomlnuntly commerclul
furmlng ureus wlth furmers who produce beef und mllk for sule ulong the llne of rull or
urbun centers of the country vestern und Lustern Provlnces ulso huve u lurge trudltlonul
smullscule cuttle keeplng populutlon umong the locul people whlch supports u relutlvely
lurge unlmul populutlon Cn the other hund compured to the others Provlnces llke
Northern und Luupulu ulso huve u lurge populutlon of trudltlonul smullscule furmers but
they ure not trudltlonul cuttle keepers und ure mulnly lnvolved ln crop productlon und
productlon of smuller llvestock specles llke gouts plgs und poultry

Access to Resources

Sumple households were usked to lndlcute thelr level of utlllzutlon of lnputs llke fertlllzer
us well us thelr level of uccess to lund und servlces llke veterlnury extenslon und credlt us
well us to glve estlmutes of upproxlmute dlstunces to the pluces where they get these
servlces
Access to land

ln 2umblu furm households rely on trudltlonul lund tenure system to ucqulre furm lund ln
generul the lund ls often held by u group communlty llneuge or clun fumlly or lndlvlduuls
und trudltlonul leuders ln the communlty muy glve out u plece of lt to unother person for
use wlth the locul leuders knowledge Cnce ucqulred lund muy be pussed on from
generutlon to generutlon bused on locul customury luw As shown ln llgure below
the predomlnunt forms of ugrlculturul lund ownershlp ls customury followed by
uccess through tltle deeds und very few less thun huve uccess through rent

Title
34%
Rent
0%
Customary
66%

Iigure Distribution of land ownership on agricultural land


very few households ure uslng rented lund or huve formul tltle deeds for thelr lund 1hese
few households hud just recently converted thelr lund thut they held under customury
tenure to leusehold tenure under the provlslons of the Lund Act Lesplte thls
provlslon the customury lund tenure system ls stlll predomlnunt ln the country und very
few households huve converted thelr customury lund lnto leusehold lund tenure 1hls ls
probubly becuuse the uct ls stlll relutlvely new und u mujorlty of people ln rurul
communltles muy not be uwure of these chunges und thelr lmpllcutlons

1he other reuson ls thut uruble lund ls stlll ubundunt ln most dlstrlcts ln 2umblu und
furmers hurdly compluln of luck of uccess to lund 1he predomlnunce of the customury
tenure system ln the country ls un lndlcutlon of the lmportunce of the use vulue ruther
thun the commodlty vulue of lund umong the smullscule furm households Eowever thls
should not obscure the fuct thut lund ls lncreuslngly gulnlng commodlty vulue ln purts of
the country us lndlcuted by the growlng number of lund dlsputes purchuses und
reglstrutlons to convert lund held under customury tenure to leusehold tenure

Level of agricultural input utilization

1he household survey usked respondents to lndlcute thelr level of utlllzutlon of severul
types of ugrlculturul lnputs us shown ln llgure below

Use of household inputs, % of total households
39.5
4.6
13.6
39.7
11.4
6.4
12.1 11.2
0.6
4.6
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
45.0
Hired
person
labour
Feeds,
fodder, etc.
Veterinary,
drugs etc.
Tools Spareparts,
mainetance
etc.
Hiring of
power
source,
animals etc.
Transport,
storage
Fertilizer,
Herbisides,
pesticides,
etc.
Irrigation
facilities
Other

Iigure Level of agriculture input utilization amongst surveyed households


Most smullholder furmers cunnot ufford to buy enough fertlllzer to meet thelr productlon
requlrements 1he llmlted use of fertlllzer hus lmpllcutlons on lund use lt meuns thut
furmers cun only lncreuse productlon by expundlng the ureu under cultlvutlon und thus
they ure openlng up new ureus or pructlclng shlftlng cultlvutlon Areu expunslon or
shlftlng cultlvutlon lmpucts negutlvely forest reserves or wooded ureus


Access to credit

Most furmers generully luck cush resources to meet lmmedlute cush needs lncludlng
furm lnputs und uccess to credlt from flnunclul lnstltutlons 3ecuuse credlt ls
ucknowledged to be ln short supply lt ls often very costly when uvulluble 1he
Covernment und NCCs uttempt to flll the vucuum of luck of uccess by provldlng elther
cush or lnput credlts to furmers Some furmers sometlmes recelve lnput credlt from
prlvute compunles for the cultlvutlon of cush crops such us cotton tobucco etc

Map Access to credit

ln terms of uccess to credlt servlces the survey results show thut Provlnces llke Lustern
Luupulu Northern und Southern huve hlgh levels of uccess us compured to the others
1he hlgh uccess to credlt ln these Provlnces ls slmply u reflectlon of the fuct thut the
households ln these ureus ure beneflclurles of the lnput credlt under the lertlllzer Support
Progrumme Credlt for llvestock productlon uctlvltles for smullholder furmers ls ulmost
nonexlstent ln the country 1here hus been u gup ln the provlslon of flnunclul servlces ln
the rurul ureus 1hls followed the collupse of most of the subsldlzed und publlcly funded
rurul flnunce lnstltutlons ln the mlds 1hls sltuutlon hus been further uggruvuted
Muny smullscule furmers who could huve borrowed from the development bunks or
other lnstltutlons ure unuble to meet the more strlngent colluterul requlrements 1hls
llmlted und often complete luck of uccess to rurul flnunclul servlces humpers smullholders
efforts to lmprove or expund thelr furm uctlvltles so us to eurn lncome lLUA


Access to extension services

An lmportunt responslblllty of the government to the furmlng populutlon ls to provlde
them wlth extenslon servlces through extenslon workers of the Mlnlstry of Agrlculture
lood und llsherles MAll 1he effectlveness of government ln provldlng thls vltul servlce
ls uffected by trulned personnel Clven the llmlted coveruge of extenslon servlces ln the
country ln generul lt wus not surprlslng to observe thut ubout u hulf of the households
surveyed ln North vestern vestern Copperbelt und Lusuku Provlnces do not huve
uccess to ugrlculturul extenslon stuff


Map 1otal livestock in relation to distance to extension services

lt cun ulso be observed thut the mujorlty of ull the sumple households ln most of the
Provlnces were ut dlstunces of over km from thelr sources of extenslon servlces Mup
shows the proportlon of totul llvestock ln relutlon to the dlstunce to extenslon servlces lt
cun be seen thut llvestock ls greuter where dlstunces to extenslon servlces ure shorter
1he relutlvely low uccess to extenslon ln most rurul Provlnces relutlve to the others ls due
to severul fuctors Some of these huve to do wlth publlc expendlture cutbucks whlch huve
meunt thut there ure fewer extenslon workers belng recrulted to servlce the rurul
communltles ln relutlve terms the rurul Provlnces llke vestern und North vestern
Provlnce ulso huve hlgher poverty levels us compured to the others und some of these
remote rurul ureus tend to be shunned ln terms of servlce provlslon

LAND USL AND LAND COvLR MAPPINC RLSUL1S

1he Survey Lepurtment ln the Mlnlstry of Lunds wus contructed to produce u nutlonul
lund use mup of 2umblu bused on medlum resolutlon sutelllte lmugery 1he Survey
Lepurtment colluboruted wlth 1CP project experts ln purtlculur the lLUA Nutlonul
Consultunt for the deslgn lmuge processlng und clusslflcutlon us well us mup productlon

A totul of Lundsut 1M und L1M lmuges were freely provlded through the Clobul
Lund Cover Network CLCN for the productlon of the mup 1hese lmuges were
geometrlcully corrected Lue to non uvullublllty of good quullty und cloud free scenes for
u slngle yeur scenes were from the yeur cuptured between Aprll und August
whlle scenes were for the yeur All the lmuges were orlglnully ucqulred under U1M
projectlon vCS dutum Slnce 2umblu covers U1M zones zone South South
und South lt wus declded to convert them lnto the Ceogruphlc coordlnute system
wlth lts dutum belng vCS to fucllltute the lnterpretutlon und productlon of u
nutlonwlde lund useforest luyer


Iigure 1humbnail of Landsat 1ML1M Images for 2ambia

Image processing methodology

lmuge mosulclng wus flrst currled out by comblnlng muln blocks of mosulcs le north
south west eust und centrul blocks Luteron these blocks were merged lnto u
complete nutlonul mosulc 1he flnul mosulc wus flnully checked und ullgned uslng the

nutlonul boundury whlch ln most ureus ls murked by nuturul feutures rlvers Lurlng the
mosulcklng process ut leust to control polnts correspondlng to un udjucent lmuge
were ldentlfled und used ln ullgnlng one lmuge to the other 1he control polnts
corresponded to nuturul feutures le confluence bends und sources of rlvers or
lnfrustructures le rouds brldges rullwuy llnes etc lt wus tlme consumlng und
requlred conslstence commltment und dedlcutlon thorough checklng und ullgnment
wlth the nutlonul dlgltul topogruphlc mup luyers


Iigure National mosaic for 2ambia

1he Lundsut 1M und L1M sensor ls pusslve und cuptures dutu ln the runge to
nm of the electromugnetlc spectrum 1he lmuges used huve u totul of bunds but
conslderlng thut vegetutlon wus u key component ln the lund use mupplng bund ln the
neurlnfrured und bund ln the vlslble were used ln comblnutlon wlth bund

Land usecover classification methodology
1he lund use cover lnterpretutlon wus currled out vlsuully on screen ut scule
wlth u mlnlmum mupplng unlt of m wlde for llneur feuture lLvlS Arcvlew
und ARCClS softwure were used for druwlng polygons but the vector luyers were
then exported lnto ArcClS for topology bulldlng generutlon of stutlstlcs

lor the lLUA lund use mupplng the udopted methodology wus vlsuul lmuge
lnterpretutlon where polygons were vlsuully ldentlfled by thelr spectrul churucterlstlcs
und dlgltlzed onscreen 1he lnterpretutlon work wus fucllltuted by lmuge enhuncement

contrust stretchlng und relled on the lnterpreters ublllty to relute colors und putterns ln
un lmuge to reul world feutures Colluterul muterluls und sputlul dutusets such us nutlonul
topogruphlc und vegetutlon mups were used to bulld selectlve und ellmlnutlon keys bused
on the lmuge lnterpretutlon elements colortone shupe slze texture puttern slte und
ussoclutlon thut gulded the vlsuul lnterpretutlon und served us u reference for the
lnterpreters
Ieature interpretation and extraction for land use mapping

1echnlcul dlfflcultles were encountered ln worklng wlth u nutlonul mosulc on u slngle PC
1herefore the mosulc wus segmented lnto provlnclul tlles for feuture lnterpretutlon und
generutlon of the flnul mup luyers A totul of nlne lunduse mups for respectlve
Provlnces ln 2umblu were generuted under thls exerclse

Lue to lmuge resolutlon llmltutlons ln extructlng hlgh detulled feutures uccordlng to lLUA
clusslflcutlon system some lund usecover clusses were grouped le pusture grusslund
und murshlund were consldered us purt of wooded grusslunds Cther clusses such us
fullow rurul bulltup und extructlon sltes whlch ulso cuused dlfflcultles ln lsolutlng
though wus posslble ln some ureus from cultlvuted lund reflectunce wus ulso
generullzed so thut the revlsed clusslflcutlon structure for the flnul outputs wus us ln the
tuble below Eowever ln very rure cuses und ulso dependlng on the feuture extent lt
wus posslble to lsolute und sepurute some generullzed clusses such us the rurul bulltup
extructlon sltes fullow lund ull from unnuul crops und therefore pluced them under
upproprlute legend cutegorles 1he move slgnlflcuntly reduced on the level und demund
for extenslve ground verlflcutlon

1able Applied land use and forest type classification for remote sensing mapping
Nuturul lorests semlevergreen evergreen und
declduous forests
Iorests
lorest pluntutlons broud leuved und conlferous

Shrub thlckets shrubs Other wooded land
vooded grusslund ull grusslunds

Munuged perennlul und unnuul crop
3ulltup ureus urbun
Other land
3urren lund outcroprocky fuces

Luke
Rlver
C
o
u
n
t
r
y

A
r
e
a

Inland water
Lum
Note 1hls ls un extructlon from the muln lLUA clusslflcutlon system bused on the resolutlon of the sutelllte
lmuges used for lund use mupplng lt does not chunge the orlglnul clusslflcutlon system but ruther provldes u
feuslble legend munuged for some ureus due to the llmltutlons ln sutelllte lmuge detull


Provincial land use map validation

A polnt mup of ull lnventorled tructs fleld plots und observed lund use unlts were used
us u muln source of ground lnformutlon to vulldute the lund use mups 1hls vulldutlon wus
further consollduted wlth dutu collected from trulnlng sltes vlslted ln euch Provlnce
durlng the ground truthlngverlflcutlon exerclse lnformul but extenslve consultutlons
wlth ClS und remote senslng experts from key lund use lnstltutlons were conducted by
the Nutlonul Consultunt us u wuy of gettlng lndependent technlcul und professlonul
comments over the lund use mupplng outputs

1he polnt mup of ull tructs und the provlnclul lund use mups were overluld to creute u
cross tuble from whlch u confuslon mutrlx wus creuted compurlng predlcted und uctuul
cuses 1he confuslon mutrlx cun help us to understund just how uccurute lund usecover
observutlons done vlu remote senslng ure by ground truthlng und compurlng predlctlons
to reullty 1he overull uccurucy und the luppu stutlstlc of wus computed uslng the
formulu l po pe pe where l ls the luppu stutlstlc po ls the observed proportlon
of the correctly clusslfled cuses pe ls the correctly clusslfled cuses expected by chunce
1hls lmplles thut there wus moderute ugreement between predlcted und uctuul lund
uselund cover

ILUA land use mapping results

1he lund use mupplng results ure bused on the sutelllte lmugery for coverlng the
whole country 1he complled results ure mulnly on ureu estlmutes for dlfferent lund use
und forest clusses by Provlnce 1he results ure used slmultuneously wlth the detulled fleld
lnventory results reported under chupter und huve further been used to compure ureu
estlmutes under chupter of thls report 1herefore deflnltlon of terms for ull lund use
clusses under thls chupter ure the sume us those used for the lLUA fleld lnventory results

3used on the flnul lund use mupplng stutlstlcs from ull the Provlnces the ureu under
forests und nonforest lund ls estlmuted ut mllllon hu or und mllllon hu or
of 2umblus totul lund ureu respectlvely 1he ureu estlmutes of lund under forests
bused on lund use mupplng ls sllghtly lower thun thut of the fleld lnventory whlch ls ut
mllllon hu or of 2umblus totul lund ureu Eowever the estlmute ls wlthln the
ucceptuble sumpllng error of ut probublllty level 1he uncertulntles of the
clusslflcutlon of the lmuges from und huve to be tuken lnto conslderutlon
Addltlonully whut muy expluln the dlfferences between fleld survey results und mupplng
results ure dlfflcultles ln ldentlfylng low forest cunopy cover vlu sutelllte lmuges us well us
seusonullty of the lmuges le when euch mosulc wus tuken Low forest cover ls
conslderubly dlfflcult to detect through remote senslng und glven the nuturul low cover
of mopune mlombo woodlunds thls further lncreuses the chunces thut they wlll be
underrepresented through sutelllte lmugery lnterpretutlon ulone 1herefore lt ls not
surprlslng thut the estlmute of forest extent ucqulred through these meuns ls lower thun
the estlmute ucqulred by fleld lnventorles


1able Overall forest area estimates land use mapping
lorests Cunopy Cover Areu Cover Mllllon hu Proportlon
Lvergreen lorest
Leclduous lorest
Semlevergreen lorest
Shrub 1hlckets
Cther Nuturul forests
1otal

Nonforest lund Cunopy Cover Areu Cover Mllllon hu Proportlon
Crusslund
Cther Lund Crop lund 3ulltup lund
lnlund vuter Lund under wuter
1otal

Crand 1otal
Source lLUA Lund use mupplng Lundsut lmugery for 2umblu

1he most threutened forest type le by extenslve und lntenslve cultlvutlon ls the mungu
woodlunds clusslfled under the broud cluss of the declduous forests 1hls forest type ls
predomlnuntly occupled by the ucuclu tree specles whlch ure ussocluted by fertlle solls
turgeted by subslstence furmers throughout the country lt hus u declduous or seml
declduous thlcket understorey dlvlded lnto u upper vulley sltes mulnly ln Centrul
Provlnce b lower vulley ln the Luungwu und mld 2umbezl vulley und c luluhurl sltes
on the kuluhurl sunds Cn the flrst two sltes there tends to be u combretumtermlnullu
vurlunt on the more elevuted betterdrulned sltes und un ucuclu vurlunt on the lower
poorer drulned sltes 1he penultlmute stuge ln the degrudutlon of mungu woodlund ls
whut ls usuully referred to us dumbomurgln vegetutlon whlch ls wlde und so spreud
throughout the terrltory 1hls glves evldence to dumbo encrouchment by cultlvutlon

1he leust threutened ls the mlombo woodlunds grouped under the semlevergreen
forests Eowever much of thls ls secondury regrowth us u result of extenslve cultlvutlon
ln the pust lt ls derlved from most of the degruded evergreen forests such us the
purlnurl murqueslu cryptosepulum und the bulklueu

Area of land under forests by Province

1he proportlon of forest cover ugulnst the totul Provlnce lund ureu bused on sutelllte
lmugery lndlcutes thut Lustern Provlnce hus the best cuse scenurlo wlth of lts lund
belng forests whlle Lusuku Provlnce hus the lowest cuse scenurlo wlth only of lts lund

ls forests Eowever the proportlon ugulnst the totul forest cover lndlcutes thut Northern
Provlnce uccounts for followed by vestern Provlnce wlth Northwestern wlth
whlle of the forests ls shured between Lustern und Southern Provlnces
Cthers ure Luupulu Provlnce wlth Copperbelt Provlnce wlth und Lusuku
Provlnce scorlng only of the totul lund under forests ln 2umblu

1able Proportion of forests by Province and total forest cover
Provlnces
1otul Lund
ureu hu
1otul lorest ureu
hu
of totul
provlnclul cover
of totul forest
cover
Centrul
Copperbelt
Lustern
Luupulu
Lusuku
Northwestern
Northern
Southern
vestern
1otal
Source lLUA Lund use mupplng Lundsut lmugery for 2umblu

1able Distribution of land under forests by forest types
Provlnce
1otul lorest
ureu hu
Lvergreen
forest hu
Leclduous
forest hu
Seml ever
green hu
Shrub
thlckets
hu
Crusslunds
hu
Centrul
Copperbelt
Lustern
Luupulu
Lusuku
Northern
Northwestern
Southern
vestern
1otal

Source lLUA Lund use mupplng Lundsut lmugery for 2umblu


Area of nonforested land by Province

1he lurgest proportlon of the nonforested lund ls found under the unnuul und
perennlul crop cultlvuted lund use whlle ls under rurulurbun bulltup und ls
other lund whlch lncludes lnlund wuter plulns und rlverllnes ureus 1hls meuns thut
of nonforested lund ln 2umblu ls under extenslve und lntenslve cultlvutlon Eowever the
unulysls of the cultlvuted lund ugulnst totul lund ureu per Provlnce muy not show u serlous
lmpuct us compured to when lt ls meusured ugulnst the nonforested lund ln euch
Provlnce 1herefore the tuble below shows the dlstrlbutlon of lund devold of forest cover
by Provlnce bused on sutelllte dutu 1he spreud und dlstrlbutlon of thls lund use by
Provlnce vurles dependlng on rulnfull lntenslty solls und crops grown

1able Distribution of nonforested land in 2ambia
Provlnce
Nonforested
lund hu
1otul Crop
lund hu
Rurul Urbun
3ullt up hu
1otul lnlund
vuter hu
Cther lund
ureus hu
Centrul
Copperbelt
Lustern
Luupulu
Lusuku
Northern
Northwestern
Southern
vestern
1otal
Source lLUA Lund use mupplng Lundsut lmugery for 2umblu

1o u lurger extent the results ubove present the stutus und levels of lund degrudutlon by
Provlnce und could be used to plun for reforestutlon progrummes 1here ure supportlve
lundcover und lunduse mups for euch Provlnce showlng the current stutus of vegetutlon
und the pressure due to competlng developmentul uctlvltles 1he nlne provlnclul lund
useforest cover mups produced from lLUA ure presented ln the followlng puges

M
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L
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Land cover change detection

Clven the luck of nutlonullevel forest lnventory dutu collected prlor to lLUA reportlng on
forest cover chunge le deforestutlon und degrudutlon uslng lnventory dutu ulone ls
chullenglng Slnce prevlous dutu ls elther unuvulluble or unrelluble on u nutlonul scule rutes
of chunge must be ussessed through other meuns such us revlewlng pust lmuges of forest
cover und compurlng thelr chunge over tlme 1hls ls preclsely the exerclse the 2umblun
lorest Lepurtment explored ln u speclul study they conducted ulongslde of the lLUA
lnventory dutu unulysls 1he study Lund cover chunge detectlon ln 2umblun lorests
produced by Abel Slumpule lorest Cfflcer 2lL found thut the rute of lund cover
chunge deforestutlon rute bused on remote senslng results ls estlmuted ut
hectures per unnum or of the forests cover for 2umblu 1he compututlon wus
generuted from sutelllte lmuge chunge detectlon unulysls over u perlod of yeurs 1he study
reports thut the nutlonul deforestutlon rute ls ln the runge of to hu per yeur
Slumpule


Iigure Satellite image thumbnail for Mwekera NI



CONCLUSIONS

1here huve been severul forest lnventorles or expert estlmutlons on the forest resources ln
2umblu durlng the lust decudes 1hey huve glven vurluble results bused on the method
deflnltlons used und uvulluble resources ln generul the lnventorles huve not been
conslstent 1herefore the results of prevlous lnventorles ure not compuruble us such und
thelr use for deflnlng hlstorlcul trend for deforestutlon for exumple ls u demundlng tusk

lLUA remulns the very flrst of lts klnd to brlng together experts from dlfferent sectors to curry
out such u wldereuchlng nutlonul lund use lnventory 1he ussessment wus supported by lAC
technlcul usslstunce und munuged under the Mlnlstry of 1ourlsm Lnvlronment und Nuturul
Resources Actlve purtlclputlon und coordlnutlon both ln deslgn und lmplementutlon wus
mude wlth u vurlety of colluborutlng lnstltutlons such us Agrlculture Mlnlstry of Agrlculture
lood und llsherles Survey Mlnlstry of Lunds Centrul Stutlstlcs Cfflce Mlnlstry of llnunce
und Nutlonul Levelopment Plunnlng 2AvA 2umblu vlldllfe Authorlty Unlverslty of
2umblu Copperbelt Unlverslty 2umblu lorestry College und Locul Authorltles Councll
Lurlng the plunnlng phuse of lLUA these lnstltutlons were consulted und purtlclputed ln
reflnlng the ussessment plun und methodology 1hey were ulso represented ln the
orgunlzutlon structure of lLUA ut dlfferent levels le Nutlonul Multldlsclpllnury 1eum
Provlnclul locul 1eum und the lleld Crews Such u model uslde from belng unprecedented
hus glven nutlonul ownershlp und responslblllty to ensure the long term sustulnublllty of the
lLUA flndlngs to u number of lnterested und slgnlflcunt uctors thus strengthenlng the use of
the lLUA dutu und supportlng lts contlnuutlon lnto the future

Cne of the mujor concluslons of lLUA ls thut 2umblu stlll hus relutlvely ubundunt forest
resources ln lLUA the forest cover ls estlmuted uccordlng to the lAC forest deflnltlon ut
mllllon hectures or of the totul lund ureu of 2umblu 1he unnuul und perennlul crop
cultlvuted lund ls ut mllllon hectures or bulltup ureu ls ut mllllon hectures or
und wuter bodles occupy mllllon hectures or of the totul lund ureu of the country

1he totul volume growlng stock of the forest und trees outslde forests umounts to
bllllon m

whlch compured to the lutest 2umblun lorest Lepurtment estlmutlon of bllllon

m

for the lRA ls remurkubly more thun expected Another lnterestlng reference ls the
2lAP expert estlmutlon from totulllng bllllon m

whlch ls un obvlous overestlmutlon

compured to the uctuul lLUA result

Accordlng to the results some of the forest ureus ure closed forests wlth the tree cunopy
ut more thun percent 1he rest of the forests ure frugmented elther for nuturul reusons or
due to degrudutlon of the forests from humunlnduced uctlvltles especlully by other lund uses
such us shlftlng cultlvutlon

Semlevergreen forests conslstlng of Mlombo woodlunds ure the domlnunt forest type
coverlng some of the lund ureu ln 2umblu 3ulklueu forests Mungu Mopune und luluhurl
woodlunds ure clusslfled us declduous forests whlch cover some of the lund 1hese ure
the mujor forest types ln 2umblu leuvlng other forest types eg evergreen forests to u
fructlon of the totul forest ureu Semlevergreen forests uccount for bllllon m

or of the
totul tree volume und declduous forests uccount for mllllon m

or 1he mlnor shures

ure represented by evergreen forests wlth mllllon m

or und the other nuturul forests

wlth u totul volume of mllllon m

or vooded grusslunds und shrubs uccount for

mllllon m

or collectlvely und the remulnlng of tree volume mllllon m

cun be found
ln grusslunds und croplunds

1he totul nutlonul ubove und belowground blomuss stock ls estlmuted ut bllllon tonnes
out of whlch bllllon tonnes ls totul curbon stocks 1here ure un uddltlonul mllllon
tonnes of deudwood found ln 2umblus forests out of whlch mllllon tonnes ls curbon
1otul estlmutes for these three curbon pools uboveground belowground deudwood
equul bllllon tonnes of curbon 1he potentlul for curbon sequestrutlon from the terrestrlul
forests ln 2umblu ls generully hlgh due to experlenced humun und ecologlcul dlsturbunces on
the exlstlng forests

Although the results ure only lndlcutlve on the provlnclul level the most ubundunt forest
resources ure locuted ln the Northern Northvestern Centrul und vestern Provlnces whlch
correspond to the generul perceptlon Accordlng to the lnventory however only less thun
hulf of the Northern Provlnce ls covered by forests whlch ls much lower thun the other forest
rlch Provlnces vurylng from ln vestern to ln the Centrul Provlnce 1hls does not
necessurlly conform to the generul perceptlon of forest cover ln Northern Provlnce

1he meun volume of the forests ls relutlvely low runglng from m

hu ln declduous 3ulkleu
forests und Mopune woodlund to m

hu ln evergreen muvundu forests Nuturul forests wlth

tree cover greuter thun cun be regurded us ruther lntuct forestlund where some selectlve
hurvestlng of vuluuble specles muy huve occurred ln these forests the totul volume ls ubout
m

hu whereus ln degruded forests wlth tree cover between und the volume ls
reduced to uround m

hu

Legrudutlon of the forests cun be unulysed from the recorded dlsturbunce levels ln the
forests Some of the forest und CvL ureu ure dlsturbed ln one wuy or unother by humun
uctlvltles ln 2umblu Eowever only some ls consldered to be heuvlly dlsturbed und the rest
ure only sllghtly or moderutely Areus wlthout dlsturbunces uccounted for of the
forests Accordlng to the lLUA the 2umblun forests huve good potentlul for regenerutlon
Cver of the forests ure secondury regenerutlon wlth uctlve growth potentlul lLUA results
conflrm the dlsturbunce of the selectlve cuttlngs whlch covers some of the forest ureus
1here wus no exploltutlon recorded ln of the forest ureu

1hese flgures lndlcute the potentlul und lmportunce for developlng pollcles upprouches und
munugement pructlces for sustulnuble forest munugement purtlculurly glven thut most of

the forest ureus ure ln ruther good condltlon und cupuble of provldlng u wlde urruy of
llvellhood beneflts to the people of 2umblu

1he totul volume of commerclul specles llst ln tuble ls estlmuted ut mllllon cublc
meters or roughly of the totul gross volume Commerclul specles volume ls concentruted
ln the forest rlch Provlnces und especlully ln Northvestern Provlnce where upproxlmutely
one thlrd of the commerclul totul volume ls growlng As expected the totul commerclul
volume ls very low ln Southern und Lusuku Provlnces

Most of the totul lund ln 2umblu ls owned und munuged by customury uuthorltles Cf
the totul forestlund ubout mllllon hectures ure locuted on customury lund und only
ubout mllllon hectures ure locuted on Stute lund Stute lund lncludes such conserved ureus
us nutlonul purks und forest reserves whlch cover some mllllon hectures lAC
Prlvutely owned forests wlth legul lund tltles uccountlng for upproxlmutely mllllon hectures
full under Stute lund becuuse no legul tltle ls lssued on customury lund 1o be successful the
solutlons for sustulnuble forest munugement mltlgutlon or uduptutlon to cllmute chunge ln
2umblu must recognlze the lmportunce of lund tenure und ownershlp especlully ln regurds to
customury lunds whlch uccount for neurly two thlrds of ull forestlund 1hese ureus ure ulso
lncreuslngly deforested und degruded becuuse they huve trudltlonully been under the most
pressure for ulternutlve lunduses Luck of confldence ln secure tltle to rungelund purtlculurly
on communul lunds hus ulso been shown to reduce the lncentlve to munuge the lund
sustulnubly

Poverty of the rurul people ls strlklng ln ull purts of 2umblu 1he mujorlty of households eurn
less thun 2lv unnuully yeur Elgh poverty levels meun thut people cun rurely
ufford to buy such ugrlculturul lnputs us fertlllzers or veterlnury servlces wlth only und
percent purchuslng them respectlvely 1he lntervlews ulso lndlcuted thut other
servlceslnputs were seldom used except for hlred persons for lubour und ordlnury tools
whlch were both utlllzed by of the lntervlewed households 1he luck of cupltul to spend
on lnputs to lncreuse crop und unlmul productlvlty hus un obvlous lmpuct on heulth und
nutrltlon but lt ulso hus consequences on the surroundlng lunds whlch come under pressure
ln un effort to expund ugrlculturul needs

lorests provlde un lmportunt source for llvellhood for rurul communltles 3used on the
household survey use of NvlPs ls less common thun the use of mujor wood products
however some households lndlcuted thut they use u vurlety of products from forests whlch
hlghllghts the lmportunce of the multlple uses of forests und the numerous products thut cun
beneflt locul communltles Llfferent lncome levels determlne whlch forest products ure
utlllzed ln purtlculur poorer households wlth lncomes of less thun 2lvyeur
yeur show u hlgher dependence on fuelwood thun those who eurn more thun
2lvyeur Poorer households ulso lndlcuted greuter dependence ln the use of
medlclnul plunts und plunt food


Aslde from estubllshlng u rlch nutlonul dutubuse of lund use lnformutlon und the publlcs use
und munugement of the lund lLUAs overwhelmlng contrlbutlon hus been ln developlng
technlcul lncountry cupuclty for deslgnlng und lmplementlng u nutlonullevel lntegruted
lnventory thut seeks to cupture lnformutlon not only on whut but ulso on why produclng
results thut wlll become even more slgnlflcunt wlth euch successlve ussessment lt hus
usslsted ln lnformutlon frumework hurmonlzutlon nutlonul lund use lnventory und
monltorlng mupplng uslng remote senslng technlques dutubuse development dutu
processlng und reportlng Moreover the lLUA process hus focused on supportlng the
estubllshment of u permunent monltorlng system thut reuches beyond the lorestry
Lepurtment und lnto reluted sectors such us the Mlnlstry of Lunds Mlnlstry of Agrlculture und
llsherles und Mlnlstry of llnunce und Nutlonul Levelopment Plunnlng 1he project hus
estubllshed u foundutlon for long term monltorlng Addltlonul purumeters cun be lncluded ln
future meusurements lf deemed relevunt 1he vulue of the lLUA therefore wlll lncreuse wlth
every subsequent lnventory

1he lLUA upprouch hus the potentlul to enhunce lnstltutlonul colluborutlon und dlulogue
umong Covernment Mlnlstrles und lnstltutlons encouruglng them to work together und
uvold dupllcutlon of efforts ln sustulnuble nuturul resources munugement ut ull levels ln the
country

RLCOMMLNDA1IONS
Iuture monitoring
1he 2umblun lorestry Lepurtment colluboruted wlth lAC ln settlng up u long term
monltorlng system of the countrys forest und lund use resources 1he lLUA und the
monltorlng system were u Covernment request thut reflected the countrys need for upduted
und sound lnformutlon to feed lnto the nutlonul declslon muklng process when needed lt ls
of utmost lmportunce thut the results of the project ure vulued und the monltorlng system
becomes u lustlng uctlvlty of the lorestry Lepurtment und reluted sectors 1o guuruntee
contlnulty of the monltorlng system lt ls recommended thut the 2umblun lorest Lepurtment
lnstltutlonullze the lLUA process contlnue strengthenlng the lorestry Munugement und
Plunnlng Unlt ut lorestry Lepurtment Eeudquurters und colluborutlng lnstltutlons by
uddltlonul trulnlng ln lnformutlon technology skllls of the nutlonul personnel mulntuln the
personnel usslgned to the lLUA project ln thelr posltlon und ullocute meuns und resources
for lmplementutlon of the nuturul resources monltorlng reluted uctlvltles
Mulntuln the lLUA dutubuse lntroduce new technologles of lnformutlon munugement und
contlnue updutlng the busellne lnformutlon to lncreuse lts relevunce to the nutlonul pollcy
processes und the lnternutlonul reportlng
Llnk the lLUA dutubuse to other sectors lnstltutlons und orgunlzutlons und lnfluence
crosscuttlng lssues such us ElvAlLS und Cender Lnvlronment und 3lodlverslty
Conservutlon lnfrustructure the need for uccess rouds to forest resources

1he lLUA should be currled out on u contlnuous busls to enuble mulntenunce und
development of competence und llmlt the unnuul needs of resources
1he remeusurement cycle of lLUA estubllshed permunent sumple plots should be yeurs
und the results feed lnto nutlonul populutlon census A shorter cycle would not be cost
effectlve however for locullzed lnformutlon needs the lLUA sumpllng frume could be
used to lncreuse the preclslon ln the speclflc ureu
A mlx of permunent und temporury plots ls recommended lnformutlon from new
temporury plots durlng yeur of the lLUA could be used to lncreuse the preclslon ln
some speclflc ureu
Mulntuln the network of the permunent sumple plots by sufeguurdlng the records und
undertuklng perlodlc vlslts to the plot locutlon
Levelop un udvlsory bourd lnvolvlng experts from stukeholders eg lL und other relevunt
Lepurtments ln the M1LNR reglonul offlces of forests Mlnlstrles of Lunds Agrlculture
Lnvlronmentul Councll of 2umblu 2umblun Lund Alllunce etc to provlde guldunce on the
lund use monltorlng system fucllltute lnterlnstltutlonul colluborutlon und ensure
generullzed beneflt of lt
1o tuke note thut locullzed lorest Munugement lnventorles und the lntegruted Lund Use
Assessment lLUA huve totully dlfferent objectlves ln thelr upprouch und thut they should
not be lntegruted or mlxed

Additional information needs
1he lLUA sumpllng deslgn represents relutlvely low lntenslty und lt glves relutlvely hlgh
uccurucy for mujor purumeters such us totul lund use clusses or the totul growlng stock
lor u lurge number of other purumeters the uccurucy remulns low or very low lor those
purumeters und dependlng on uddltlonul lnformutlon needs ln the future lLUA muy need
to lncreuse lts sumpllng lntenslty ln order to produce hlgher uccurucy purtlculurly lf
deslred use ls ut the provlnclul or dlstrlct level At lts current lntenslty lLUA cun most
uccurutely respond to nutlonul level lnformutlon needs Clven the decentrullzed context
of nuturul resource declslon muklng ln 2umblu lncreused sumple slze wlll most llkely be
needed ln order to most effectlvely support locul declslon muklng processes
1he pollcy domuln unulysls could be substuntlully extended to lncorporute more vurlubles
lnto the lndlces und perhups comblned wlth purumeters yet to be extructed from the
forest und cropplng sectlons of the dutubuse
1he NlA und the monltorlng system be contlnuully udupted to the shlftlng needs of
lnformutlon by tlmely ldentlflcutlon und lncluslon of the new vurlubles
1he lnformutlon frumework be wldened to further cover vurlubles reluted to cllmute
chunge blomuss und curbon uccountlng such us lnformutlon on soll und lltter

2umblun lorest Lepurtment work to count on lts own technlcul cupuclty to plun und
lmplement future surveys bused on the new ldentlfled lnformutlon needs und generute
the requlred knowledge
2umblun lorest Lepurtment work to usslgn dedlcuted personnel who ensure thut the
lnterest of the forestry sector und lnterest of 2umblu ln generul prevull by optlmlzlng the
uvulluble resources und ensurlng hlgh quullty dellvery

Policy actions
Sustulnuble munugement of nuturul forests depends to u lurge extent on the lund tenure
system Legul tltle grunted on customury lund hus unfortunutely cuused frugmentutlon of
customury lund us converslon of customury to leusehold tenure contlnues to lncreuse us
uvulluble stute lund for ullocutlon dlmlnlshes ln order to uchleve sustulnuble development
ln the ureu of lund pollcy the government needs to uddress the followlng prlorlty ureus
formulutlon und lmplementutlon of lund tenure pollcles to lmprove uccess und legul tltle
to lund by dlsudvuntuged groups modlflcutlons of lund tenure systems to promote rurul
development under lndlgenous und common property resource munugement
lnstltutlonul support for lund reglstrutlon und tltllng und lund udmlnlstrutlon servlces
1he lLUA dutu hlghllghts the enormous potentlul thut exlsts ln the forest sector
purtlculurly for the poorest communltles Cptlmul munugement of forests wlll requlre
lnstltutlng puyment mechunlsms or beneflt shurlng thut wlll ensure thut forest beneflts
utlllzed ln downstreum sectors ure upproprlutely shured wlth the forest sector At
present these beneflts ure not shured wlth the forest sector to help defruy the cost of
forestry munugement 1hls tends to suppress forest vulues thereby leudlng to suboptlmul
provlslon of forest conservutlon lorest curbon puyments for sustulnubly munuged forests
through such mechunlsms us Reduced Lmlsslons from Leforestutlon und Legrudutlon
RLLL could provlde un optlmul opportunlty for cupturlng these beneflts und rewurdlng
udjucent communltles who ure uble to mulntuln und munuge hlgh forest cover
1he lLUA dutu hlghllghts the lmperutlve for lmproved extenslon veterlnury und other
support servlces most crltlcully those ussocluted wlth lnput supply und murketlng
lnfrustructure vlthout udequute lnput murkets such us fertlllzers und seeds forest
frugmentutlon und degrudutlon wlll uccelerute 1here ls therefore u need for the
government to lnvest und support publlc extenslon und veterlnury servlces ln order to
usslst furmers lmprove thelr productlvlty

Lxtension Phase of ILUA
lntegruted Lund Use Assessment Project lLUA hus produced u remurkuble set of
lnformutlon not only on forest resources but ulso on crops llvestock locul communltles und
thelr use of the resource 1here ure muny lmprovements to be mude ln terms of
dlssemlnutlon und use of the lnformutlon ln the forestry sector stukeholder orgunlsutlons
und communltles Lspeclully lmportunt ls the utlllsutlon of the lutest lnformutlon ln the
development of the new forest pollcy und leglslutlon und lund use plunnlng ln pllot

Provlnces to ullow for the greutest beneflts to locul communltles Addltlonully the
extenslon of lLUA ls uble to contrlbute to the sectorul progrumme by provldlng support to lts
plunnlng und lnltlutlon

ln vlew of the foregolng pollcy und declslon mukers huve ulwuys chunglng demund of new
lnformutlon lt ls further recommended thut

1he lLUA dutubuse wlth derlved lnformutlve products such us stutlstlcs und mups contuln
u vuluuble source of lnformutlon for mlnlstrles NCCs und the publlc 1o muke lt uvulluble
for wlder use there ls u need to ugree on u common dutu shurlng pollcy und protocol und
then lmplement shurlng of the lnformutlon
1estlng und developlng RS methodologles thut wlll serve not only 2umblun needs by
provldlng more costeffectlve meuns of obtulnlng uccurute lund use dutu but wlll ulso
feed lnto lnternutlonul processes such us the comlng Copenhugen negotlutlons on RLLL
mechunlsms und developlng monltorlng systems ln other countrles
Levelop u strutegy for the lntegruted Lund Use Assessment project dutubuse und the
monltorlng system for contlnuully uduptutlon to the shlftlng needs of lnformutlon by
tlmely ldentlflcutlon und lncluslon of new vurlubles
1he lLUA dutubuse lnformutlon needs be wldened to lnclude lssues of sustulnuble
munugement und use of the resources certlflcutlon blodlverslty cllmute chunge curbon
und blomuss uccountlng und llvellhoods ln relutlon wlth the llfth Nutlonul Levelopment
Plun the Nutlonul Poverty Reductlon Strutegy und the vlslon twenty thlrty
1he lorestry Lepurtment through the Mlnlstry of 1ourlsm Lnvlronment und Nuturul
Resources work to mulntuln lts own technlcul cupuclty und enhunced colluborutlon wlth
llne Mlnlstrles und Lepurtments to plun und lmplement future lntegruted lund use
ussessments bused on the new ldentlfled lnformutlon needs und generute the requlred
knowledge und skllls

Capacity 8uilding
1o ensure the contlnulty of nuturul resources monltorlng ln the country there wlll be need to
bulld und mulntuln nutlonul cupucltles reluted to sumpllng deslgn fleld dutu collectlon dutu
processlng und unulysls remote senslng und reportlng
lLUA ls the flrst project ln 2umblu thut conducted un lntegruted Lund Use Assessment lLUA
slnce the s 1here ls u hlgh demund for thls lnformutlon Regurdlng the dlssemlnutlon of
lnformutlon lLUA Phuse ll ulms to operute ln deep coordlnutlon wlth other depurtments
lncreuslng potentlul lmpucts throughout the entlre country 1he project wlll contlnue the
lntersectorul multlstukeholder process through lnvolvement of nonforestry stukeholders ln
lts lmplementutlon

lLUA lnformutlon portul wlll be hosted und mulntulned by the lorestry Lepurtment ln
colluborutlon wlth Plunnlng und lnformutlon Lepurtment PlL ln M1LNR operutlng on
lLM1LNRs veb server 1he content for the portul wlll be provlded by lL PlL Lepurtment
of Survey Nutlonul Remote Senslng Centre und consultunts 1he portul wlll follow the
stundurds set by lACs stutlstlcul frumework CountryS1A1

1he dlssemlnutlon und the webbused systems wlll be estubllshed ut lorestry Lepurtment
Eeudquurters ln colluborutlon wlth the PlLs Lutu Munugement Cfflce ut the M1LNR und wlll
be supported by locul consultunts 1he ultlmute ulm ls contlnuutlon of the lnformutlon system
und future lnventory dutu lnto the future to ensure the greutest umount of usublllty

RLILRLNCLS

Alujurvl P lorest munugement plunnlng und lnventory Lruft Report 2lAP

Chukungu M de 3ucker M 1he forest vegetutlon of 2umblu vood Consumptlon und
Resource Survey of 2umblu

Chldumuyo L lnventory of wood used ln churcoul productlon ln 2umblu A report for the
blodlverslty support progrum vorld vlldllfe lund vushlngton LC

Chldumuyo L Mlombo Lcology und Munugement u Eundbook lntermedlute 1echnology
Publlcutlons London

Chllondu P und Ctte ' lndlcutors to monltor trends ln llvestock productlon ut nutlonul
reglonul und lnternutlonul levels Llvestock Reseurch for Rurul Levelopment volume
Artlcle

Le3ucker und Chukungu Nutlonul vood Lnergy Consumptlon und Resource Survey

Lrkkllu voody blomuss resource ussessment us purt of u Southern Afrlcu Levelopment
Communlty SALC vood Lnergy Study

lAC u Clobul lorest Resources Assessment lAC lorestry Puper lAC Rome

lAC Munuul for envlronmentul und economlc uccounts for forestry u tool for cross
sectorul pollcy unulysls lorestry Lepurtment lAC Rome

lAC Clobul lorest Resources Assessment lAC lorestry Puper No lAC Rome
ulso uvulluble ut httpwwwfuoorgforestryslteen

lSP lorest vuluutlon Study 2umblu lorestry Support Progrumme M1LNRlL Lusuku

Covernment of the Republlc of 2umblu CR2 Llvlng Condltlons Monltorlng Survey Report
Centrul Stutlstlcs Cfflce Covernment of 2umblu

Covernment of the Republlc of 2umblu CR2 c Nutlonul Agrlculturul Pollcy Lusuku
Mlnlstry of Agrlculture und Cooperutlves Covernment of 2umblu

Covernment of the Republlc of 2umblu CR2 Summury Report for the Census of
Populutlon und Eouslng Centrul Stutlstlcs Cfflce Covernment of 2umblu

lPCC Cood pructlce guldunce for lund use lunduse chunge und forestry lnstltute for
Clobul Lnvlronmentul Strutegles lunuwugu 'upun

lullndu 1 3wulyu S Mulolwu A und Euuntubu E Use of lntegruted lund use ussessment
lLUA dutu for envlronmentul und ugrlculturul pollcy revlew und unulysls ln 2umblu A
report prepured for lAC lCMR Unlt und the lorestry Lepurtment Mlnlstry of 1ourlsm
Lnvlronment und Nuturul Resources 2umblu

Loyttynleml 2umblu 1euk lorest Report

Mukoshu und vumunylmu Lurge scule lorest lnventory und Lund Cover Mupplng

Slumpule 1he potentlul for curbon sequestrutlon ln the terrestrlul forests of 2umblu A
puper complled und presented durlng the Mlombo Conference Ldlnburgh Unlverslty
Ul bused on the current stutus lLUA dutu on dlsturbunce levels of forests ln 2umblu
lorestry Lepurtment Lusuku 2umblu

Strld 1he conference report for the flfth sesslon of the Unlted Nutlons Commlslon on
Sutulnuble Lecelopment

2ufflco Results of lorest lnventory of 2umblu lorestry und lorest lndustrles
Corporutlon Llmlted 2AlllCC

2lAP 2umblu lorestry Actlon Progrumme MLNR Lusuku

2umblu lorestry Lepurtment Llstrlct lorest Munugement 3ooks

Annex I List of ILUA contacts

ILUA National Pro[ect Coordinators

Name Organization Station
Mrs AMC Muslnju NPC lorestry Lepurtment Lusuku
Mr 'M Mukoshu ANPC lorestry Lepurtment Lusuku

IAO Country Office
Name Organization Station
Lr N Monu lAC Representutlve lAC 2umblu Lusuku
Ms L 'ere Progrumme Asslstunt lAC 2umblu Lusuku

IAO 1echnical Support
Name Organization Station
Mr Lun Altrell lAC Rome
Mr Mlchel 3ussll lAC Lebunon
Ms Anne 3runthomme lAC Rome
Mr Ceorge Eubert lAC Rome
Mr lewln lumelurczyk lAC Rome
Mr Mlkko Leppunen lAC Rome
Mr Peter Lowe lAC Eurure
Ms Ylvu Melln lAC Swedlsh Unlverslty of
Agrlculturul Sclences
RomeSweden
Mr 1lm Roblnson lAC Rome
Mr Mohumed Suket lAC Rome
Ms Rebeccu 1uvunl lAC Rome

ILUA National Consultants
Name Organization Station
Lr S 3wulyu 2umblu Revenue Authorlty Lusuku
Lr E Euuntubu Agrlculturul Consultutlve lorum Lusuku
Lr 1 lullndu Unlverslty of 2umblu Lusuku
Lr A Mulowu Unlverslty of 2umblu Lusuku
Mr A M Slumpule lorestry Lepurtment Lusuku
Mr S vumunylmu lorestry Lepurtment Lusuku

ILUA National 1ask Iorce Members

Name Organization Station
Mrs AMC Muslnju lorestry Lepurtment Lusuku
Mr Lupengu Augustlne LC2 Lusuku
Mr Rlchurd 3undu 2umblu lorestry College lltwe
Mr Chllemo Cllver 2AlllCC Ndolu
Mr Sukulu lsuuc Afrlcure Lusuku
Mr Muleyu 2ook 2umblu vlldllfe Authorlty Chllungu
Mr Shltlmu L Mwepyu LNR Lept Lusuku
Mr Slshekunu N Murtln MACC Lusuku
Mr Mwunzu Peter Survey Lepurtment Lusuku

ILUA National Multidisciplinary 1eam
Name Organization Station
Lr A Mulowu Unlverslty of 2umblu Lusuku
Mr M Lungu Agrlculture Lusuku
Mr P Mwunzu Survey Lusuku
Mr 3l Euuchongo CSC Lusuku
Mrs PS Mukungu 2AvA Chllungu
Mr 'M Mukoshu lorestry Lusuku

ILUA Iield Crew 1eams
Name Province Organization
Mr C Slume Centrul lorestry
Lepurtment
Mr L Phlrl Centrul Centrul Stutlstlcul
Cfflce
Mr N Mvulu Centrul Lunds Lepurtment
Mr 1ongu Centrul Agrlculture

Mr l 1embo Copperbelt lorestry
Mr M Mwllu Copperbelt lorestry

Mr C Sllungwe Copperbelt Agrlculture

Mr E Lukonde Copperbelt Centrul Stutlstlcul
Cfflce

Mr L L Mwunzu Lustern lorestry
Mr Chubulembwu Lustern PPU
Mr Chllubl Lustern Agrlculture
Mr Njovu Lustern Centrul Stutlstlcul
Cfflce

Mr l Mvulu Luupulu lorestry
Mr l lundu Luupulu Agrlculture
Mr L Chlkopelu Luupulu Centrul Stutlstlcul
Cfflce
Mr A Muketukwu Luupulu Lunds

Mr l Nylrendu Lusuku lorestry
Mr R Muwenu Lusuku Agrlculture
Mr ll Mhungo Lusuku PPU
Mrs C Mulengu Lusuku Centrul Stutlstlcul
Cfflce

Mr Y Nylrendu lLEQ lorestry
Mr w Mwupe lLEQ lorestry
Mr 3 Nkundu lLEQ lorestry
Mr 3 Mutushu lLEQ lorestry
Mrs P 2ulu lLEQ lorestry
Mr E Musltlnl lLEQ lorestry

Mr L Muwuyu Northern 1eum lorestry
Mr Chlleshe Northern
Mr Ngomu Northern
Mrs Lowutl Northern lorestry

Mr Nylrongo Northern 1eum lorestry

Mr lunyunju Northern Lunds
Mr Muzengezu Northern 2AvA
Mrs M Slbuku Northern 2AvA

Mr M Songolo Northwestern lorestry
Mr Sumbukenl Northwestern Centrul Stutlstlcul
Cfflce
Mr C Slchebu Northwestern Agrlculture
Mr S lumbufwlle Northwestern PPU
Mr Euungundu Northwestern lorestry

Mr C Chlsungu Southern lorestry
Mr l sluchltemu Southern Lunds
Ms M Musondu Southern 2AvA
Mr l C luhezu Southern Agrlculture
Mr ' Chombu Southern Agrlculture
Mr ' Mulombu Southern lorestry

Mr L Chlmbuo vestern lorestry
Mr L Mulumo vestern Centrul Stutlstlcul
Cfflce
Mr AC Eumpungunl vestern lorestry
Mr v Mlchelo vestern Agrlculture

ILUA Provincial Iocal 1eams
Name Province Organization
Mr 3M Chombu Centrul lorestry
Mr E Shumwende Centrul Lunds
Mr L Luku Centrul Centrul Stutlstlcul
Cfflce
Mr A Mbewe Centrul Agrlculture

Mr MM Yumbwu Copperbelt Centrul Stutlstlcul

Cfflce
Ms EM Chumu Copperbelt lorestry Reseurch
Mr E Lusumbo Copperbelt Agrlculture
Mrs lA Chlnyumu Copperbelt lorestry

Mr 3 Chenduuku Lustern lorestry
Ms SLM Chunl Lustern Lunds
Mr P 1embo Lustern Centrul Stutlstlcul
Cfflce

Mr l Mvulu Luupulu lorestry
Mr v Mubungu Luupulu Lunds
Mr CP Ndhlovu Luupulu Centrul Stutlstlcul
Cfflce
Mr C Chewe Luupulu Agrlculture

Mr R lulumutllu Lusuku Agrlculture
Mr ' Mutemwu Lusuku Centrul Stutlstlcul
Cfflce
Mr 3 Choongo Lusuku PPU
Mr M Punde Lusuku lorestry

Ms S Numonje Northern lorestry
Mr l Mumbl Northern Agrlculture
MR Ml Mungubu Northern Lunds

Ms C Chllekwu Northwestern lorestry
Mr 1 luzungu Northwestern PPU
Mr 3P 'ere Northwestern Agrlculture
Mr l Chlbundu Northwestern Centrul Stutlstlcul
Cfflce

Mr Chllbu Southern lorestry

Mr L Chtunshu Southern Centrul Stutlstlcul
Cfflce
Ms ' Slnyungwe Southern Agrlculture

Mr P Sekell vestern lorestry
Ms 1olosl vestern Centrul Stutlstlcul
Cfflce
Mr CA Chlnumbu vestern Agrlculture

ILUA Steering Committee
Official 1itles MinistryDepartment Station
Permunent Secretury M1LNR Lusuku
Permunent Secretury MACC Lusuku
Permunent Secretury MoL Lusuku
Permunent Secretury MLvL Lusuku
Permunent Secretury MlNP Lusuku
Llrector Cenerul 2AvA Chllungu
Lusuku
Surveyor Cenerul 2SL MoL Lusuku
Llrector LNR M1LNR Lusuku
Llrector lL M1LNR Lusuku

ILUA Secretariat
Cfflclul 1ltle lnstltutlon Stutlon
lLUA Asslstunt Nutlonul
Coordlnutor
lorestry Lepurtment Lusuku
lLUA Project Cfflcer lAC Lusuku







































Annex ILUA Iield Iorms
1. ILUA Zambia - F1a -
2. Tract N ....... TRACT
21. Population distribution 21e. Ethnic group C
22. Population since N
23. Population dynamics C
24. Population main activity C
24b. Secondary activity C
* In 21c and 21f: F= Female headed / M= Male headed;
** In 21 and 21d: F= Female / M= Male.
A. Tract Location
B. Crew/Owner/Informant list
20. Informant*
15. Name 16. Address 17. Phone number


1
8
a
.

C
r
e
w

l
e
a
d
e
r



1
8
b
.

C
r
e
w

m
e
m
b
e
r


1
9
.


O
w
n
e
r

O E M S X











*Code indicates the informants relation to the area, i.e. O=Estate Owner, E=Employee, M=Manager of site, S=Settler, X= External key informant
C. Population
D. Proximity to Infrastructure E. Tract Access
Reference points of access path (Itinerary sketch to be attached)
35. ID 36. Description 37a. X 37b. Y 36b. Photo # 36d. Bearing





25. Settlement history
25a. Year
/Period
0 Not Applicable (no inhabitants)
1 Wars, conflicts
2 Change of ownership/land tenure
3 Expansion of agriculture
4 Urban development
5 Infrastructure, electric power
6 Socio-economic crisis
7 Natural disaster
8 Rural-to-urban migration
9 Urban-to-rural migration
10 Rural-to-rural migration
11 Urban-to-urban migration
12 Immigration
13 Emigration
Others
Total F M
21c. Number of households *
21f. Average household size *
21. Population on site **
21d. Adult literacy rate (%) **
Coordinates Tract SW corner
14a. Latitude _ _ , _ _ _ _ _ N
14b. Longitude _ _ , _ _ _ _ _ E
14c Coordinate system: UTM
(Projection)
11a. GEZ .........................................C
11b Agro-ecological zone.C
12. Altitude Tract centre ....................m
13. Maps & aerial photos........................
..................................................................
7. Province .......................................
8. District .......................................
9. Township.......................................
10. Village/locality..............................
Starting position coordinates:
32a. UTM E _ _ _ _ _ _ _ m
32b. UTM N _ _ _ _ _ _ _ m
Access time:
33a. Start time: _ _ : _ _ h
34a. End time: _ _ : _ _ h
34b. Arriving at plot No
Distance from Tract centre to:
26. All-weather road _ _ , _ km 29. Health institution _ _ , _ km
27. Seasonal road _ _ , _ km 30. School _ _ , _ km
28. Settlement _ _ , _ km 31a. Food Market _ _ , _ km
31b. Input Market _ _ , _ km
34 35 36

1. ILUA Zambia - F1b -

2. Tract N ....... TRACT
B. Crew/Owner/Informant list (contd)
20. Informant*
15. Name 16. Address 17. Phone number


1
8
a
.

C
r
e
w

l
e
a
d
e
r



1
8
b
.

C
r
e
w

m
e
m
b
e
r


1
9
.


O
w
n
e
r

O E M S X




















38. Notes: ...................................................................................................................................................

zc
1. ILUA Zambia - F1c -
2. Tract N ....... TRACT
P./.
F. List of households (in 5 km radius of tract centre)
195.
No
196. Name of household
head
197a.
X
197b.
Y
1
9
8
.

S
e
l
e
c
t
e
d

h
o
u
s
e
h
o
l
d
s

f
o
r

s
u
r
v
e
y
195.
No
196. Name of household
head
197a.
X
197b.
Y
1
9
8
.

S
e
l
e
c
t
e
d

h
o
u
s
e
h
o
l
d
s

f
o
r

s
u
r
v
e
y



































38. Notes: ...................................................................................................................................................
..........
z
1. ILUA Zambia - F2 -
2. Tract N ...... 3. Plot N PLOT
Day 1:
48. Date 1**: _ _ /_ _ /_ _
49a. Start time: _ _ : _ _ h
51a. End time: _ _ : _ _ h
** dd/mm/yy
A. Plot Access B. Time record of work within Plot D. Plot Plan (52)
C. Plot Starting Point description
Reference points surrounding Marker position
44. ID 45. Description
46. Bearing*
()
47. Distance*
(m)
36c
ID Photo



* From Marker position
53. Notes: ..............................................................................................
............................................................................................................
............................................................................................................
............................................................................................................
............................................................................................................
............................................................................................................
Day 2*:
50. Date 2**: _ _ /_ _ /_ _
49b. Start time: _ _ : _ _ h
51b. End time: _ _ : _ _ h
*If work in the plot takes more than
one day.
43. Plot starting point plan:
M = Marker position
P = Plot starting point, if P M for any reason
Marker position (GPS reading):
40a. X _ _ _ _ _ _ _ m
40b. Y _ _ _ _ _ _ _ m
41. Distance from Marker to Plot starting point m
42. Bearing from Marker to Plot starting point
Central line bearing:
Plot # 1 = 0 Plot # 2 = 90
Plot # 3 = 180 Plot # 4 = 270
Plot end point:
39e. X _ _ _ _ _ _ _ m
39f. Y _ _ _ _ _ _ _ m
Plot starting point (calculated):
39a. X _ _ _ _ _ _ _ m
39b. Y _ _ _ _ _ _ _ m
Starting position:
34g. X _ _ _ _ _ _ _ m
34h. Y _ _ _ _ _ _ _ m
Access Time:
34i. Start time: _ _ : _ _ h
34j. End time: _ _ : _ _ h
M
LU (Land use limit)

Rd1 (Paved road)

_ _ _ Rd2 (Primary road unpaved)
Rd3 (Secondary road)
Rd4 (Track)

_ . _ W1 (Perennial stream)
W2 (Intermittent stream)
250m = Plot end
SP1L1
&SP1L2
0

m

SP3L1
&SP3L2
245 m = MP 3
SP2L1
&SP2L2
125 m = MP 2
5 m = MP 1
0 m = Plot start
0

m

Plot end point
100 m
50 m
150 m
200 m
+

1
0
m

1
0
m

1
0
m
+

1
0
m
Plot starting point
zz
1. ILUA Zambia - F3a -
2. Tract N ....... 3. Plot N PLOT TREE AND STUMP MEASUREMENTS
P./.
56. Species
57. Tree/Stump
location
Health
5
7
a
.

A
l
o
n
g

p
l
o
t

a
x
i
s
5
7
b
.
L
e
f
t

a
x
i
s
5
7
b
.

R
i
g
h
t

a
x
i
s
5
8
.



D
b
h
1
5
9
.



D
i
a
m
e
t
e
r

h
e
i
g
h
t
2
6
0
.



Y
e
a
r
(
s
)

s
i
n
c
e


c
u
t
6
1
.



T
o
t
a
l

h
e
i
g
h
t
6
2
.



B
o
l
e

h
e
i
g
h
t
6
3
.



S
t
e
m

q
u
a
l
i
t
y
6
4
.



C
o
n
d
i
t
i
o
n
6
5
.


C
a
u
s
a
t
i
v
e

a
g
e
n
t
s
3


4
.



L
U
S

N

5
5
.



T
r
e
e

N

5
5
b



S
t
u
m
p
56a. Common name 56b. Scientific name
(m) (m) (m) (cm) (m) C (m) (m) C C C



































1
Or Dsh if stump height <1.3m
2
To be indicated if different from breast height (1.3 m)
3
Multiple choice
68. Notes: .........................................................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.
z
1
.

I
L
U
A

Z
a
m
b
i
a


-

F
3
b

-


2
.

T
r
a
c
t

N

.
.
.
.
.
.
.


3
.

P
l
o
t

N

P
L
O
T

T
R
E
E

A
N
D

S
T
U
M
P

M
E
A
S
U
R
E
M
E
N
T
S



P

.
/

.

B
r
a
n
c
h
e
s
4
5
6
.

S
p
e
c
i
e
s

5
7
.

T
r
e
e
/
S
t
u
m
p

l
o
c
a
t
i
o
n

H
e
a
l
t
h
B
1

B
2

B
3

B
4

5 7 a . A l o n g p l o t a x i s
5 7 b . L e f t a x i s
5 7 b . R i g h t a x i s
5 8 . D b h
1
5 9 . D i a m e t e r h e i g h t
2
6 0 . Y e a r ( s ) s i n c e c u t
6 1 . T o t a l h e i g h t
6 2 . B o l e h e i g h t
6 3 . S t e m q u a l i t y
6 4 . C o n d i t i o n
6 5 . C a u s a t i v e a g e n t s
3
6 6 a . D 1
6 7 a . L 1
6 6 b . D 2
6 7 b . L 2
6 6 c . D 3
6 7 c . L 3
6 6 d . D 4
6 7 d . L 4
4 . L U S N
5 5 . T r e e N
5 5 b . S t u m p
5
6
a
.

C
o
m
m
o
n

n
a
m
e
5
6
b
.

S
c
i
e
n
t
i
f
i
c

n
a
m
e
(
m
)
(
m
)
(
m
)
(
c
m
)
(
m
)
C
(
m
)
(
m
)
C
C
C
(
c
m
)
(
m
)
(
c
m
)
(
m
)
(
c
m
)
(
m
)
(
c
m
)
(
m
)




































































































































































































































1

O
r

D
s
h

i
f

s
t
u
m
p

h
e
i
g
h
t

<
1
.
3
m


2

T
o

b
e

i
n
d
i
c
a
t
e
d

i
f

d
i
f
f
e
r
e
n
t

f
r
o
m

b
r
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a
s
t

h
e
i
g
h
t

(
1
.
3

m
)

3

M
u
l
t
i
p
l
e

c
h
o
i
c
e

4

F
o
r

b
r
a
n
c
h
e
s

w
i
t
h

m
i
n
i
m
u
m

d
i
a
m
e
t
e
r

2
0
c
m

a
n
d

l
e
n
g
t
h

2
m

6
8
.

N
o
t
e
s
:

.
.

z
1. ILUA Zambia - F4a -
2. Tract N ...... 3. Plot N SUBPLOTS & MEASUREMENT POINTS
P./.
A. Measurement points - Topography and soil (in all LUS)
B. Subplots level 1 and level 2 Area covered by forest (in all LUS)
C. Subplots level 2 Trees measurements (height1.3m and Dbh 7 cm ) (in Forest LUS)
77. Species SP1L2 SP2L2 SP3L2
77a. Common name 77b. Scientific name
78a.
Counts
78b.
Total
78a.
Counts
78b.
Total
78a.
Counts
78b.
Total
























79. Notes: ..............................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................
70c. Exposition
71c. Slope %
72c. Relief C
73c. Soil texture C
74c. Soil drainage C
75c. Organic matter C
Measurement point N 3
4c. LUS N
70b. Exposition
71b. Slope %
72b. Relief C
73b. Soil texture C
74b. Soil drainage C
75b. Organic matter C
Measurement point N 2
4b. LUS N
70a. Exposition
71a. Slope %
72a. Relief C
73a. Soil texture C
74a. Soil drainage C
75a. Organic matter C
Measurement point N1
4a. LUS N
54ca. SP3L1 width (10m) m
54cb. SP3L1 length (20m) m
76c. SP3L2 area (50m
2
) m
2
54aa. SP1L1 width (10m) m
54ab. SP1L1 length (20m) m
76a. SP1L2 area (50m
2
) m
2
54ba. SP2L1 width (10m) m
54bb. SP2L1 length (20m) m
76b. SP2L2 area (50m
2
) m
2
z
1. ILUA Zambia - F4b -
2. Tract N ...... 3. Plot N SUBPLOTS & MEASUREMENT POINTS - contd
P./.
C. Subplots level 2 Trees measurements (height 1.3m and Dbh 7cm) Contd
77. Species SP1L2 SP2L2 SP3L2
77a. Common name 77b. Scientific name
78a.
Counts
78b.
Total
78a.
Counts
78b.
Total
78a.
Counts
78b.
Total








































79. Notes: ..............................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................
z6
1. ILUA Zambia - F5 -
2. Tract N ....... 3. Plot N LAND USE SECTION
4. LUS N
A. General
B. Forest and other wooded land management and structure
C. Crop / grazing products / services and management
138. Grazing activity
98. Notes: ..................

....
** Multiple choice - Services from forests, wooded lands and trees outside forest .
are reported under F6.

1
4
6
.


C
r
o
p

p
r
o
d
u
c
t
s

c
a
t
e
g
o
r
y
C
1
4
7
.

P
r
o
d
u
c
t
s

R
a
n
k
i
n
g





Other:

Other:

Other:

148. Service categories outside forest and wooded lands**
1 Climate regulation 10 Communal
2 Disease control 11 Symbolic
3 Flood control / Water regulation 12 Food
4 Detoxification / Water purification 13 Fresh water
5 Religious / Spiritual 14 Fuel
6 Recreation / Tourism 15 Biochemical / Medicines
7 Aesthetic 16 Ornamental
8 Inspiration 17 Fresh Water
9 Education / Scientific studies Other
90. Stand origin*
91. Stand structure C
92b. Shrub coverage C 92c. Shrub height m
93. Management plan C 93b. Management C
94.

Disturbances C

agreement
80. Land use C
81a. Width m
81b. Length m
80b. Accessibility C
92a. Tree canopy
cover C
82. Designation/
Protection status C
83. Ownership C
88. Trees Expected C
* Multiple choice
Fire
85. Occurrence C
86. Area m
2
87. Type* C
84. Environmental problems*
0 Not Applicable (urban areas)
1 Not existing
2 Loss of water levels in rivers...
3 Drought
4 Inundation
5 Poor water quality
6 Pests
7 Erosion
8 Loss of soil fertility
9 Burning
10 Landslide
11 Windthrow
12 Overexploiting forest resources
14 Overgrazing
90 Not known
Other
95.Timber exploitation* 96.Silviculture* 97.Technology used*
1 No felling 1 No practice 0 Not Applicable
2 Clear cutting 2 Improvement 1 Manual
3 Selective felling 3 Release of desirable trees 2 Chainsaw
4 Group felling 4 Removal of undesirable veg. 3 Mechanised (tractors)
5 Strip felling 5 Enrichment planting 90 Not known
Other 6 Sanitary cutting Other
7 Prescribed burning
Other * Multiple choice
N P C nk
140. Cropping system 141. Water 142. Nutrients
1 Multiple cropping 1 Rain fed 1 Adequate fallow
2 Improved cultivars 2 Irrigation - manual construction, gravity fed 2 Organic fertilizer
3 Crop rotation 3 Irrigation - major equipment 3 Mineral fertilizer
4 Fallow 4 Adequate drainage of excess water 90 Not known
90 Not known 90 Not known
Other Other Other


143. Pest / Weed 144. Erosion 145. Power Sources
1 Pesticides 1 Tillage 1 Manual
2 Fungicides 2 Crop residue incorporation 2 Animal
3 Herbicides 3 Cover Crops 3 Mechanized means
4 Mechanical control 4 Leveling, contour tillage, terracing 90 Not known
5 Biological control 90 Not known Other
90 Not known Other
Other
z,
1
.

I
L
U
A
Z
a
m
b
i
a


-

F
6

-


2
.

T
r
a
c
t

N

.
.
.
.
.
.
.


3
.

P
l
o
t

N

8
0
.

L
a
n
d

U
s
e

F
O
R
E
S
T

a
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d

T
R
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P
R
O
D
U
C
T
S

A
N
D

S
E
R
V
I
C
E
S



P

.
/

.

E
x
t
r
a
c
t
i
o
n
L
e
g
i
s
l
a
t
i
o
n
F
o
r
e
s
t
r
y

i
n
c
e
n
t
i
v
e
s
9 9 . P r o d u c t / S e r v i c e c a t e g o r y
9 9 a . P / S R a n k
1 0 4 . C o n f l i c t s
1 0 5 . D e m a n d t r e n d
1 0 6 . S u p p l y t r e n d
1 0 1 . H a r v e s t e r / U s e r
1 0 1 a . R a n k
1 0 3 . U s e r r i g h t s
1 0 2 . E n d - U s e
1 0 1 b . O r g a n i z a t i o n l e v e l
1 0 1 c . G e n d e r b a l a n c e
1 0 1 d . C h i l d l a b o r
1 0 8 . F r e q u e n c y
1 0 9 . T r e n d
1 1 0 . C h a n g e r e a s o n
C
C
1 1 1 a . S p e c i e s R a n k
1
1
1
.

S
p
e
c
i
e
s

C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
1 0 1 e . A w a r e n e s s
1 0 1 f . C o m p l i a n c e
1 0 1 g . A w a r e n e s s
1 0 1 h . A p p l i c a t i o n
H
I







M

C






L




X




H
I







M

C






L




X




H
I







M

C






L




X




H
I







M

C






L




X




H
I







M

C






L




X




H
I







M

C






L




X




6
8
.

N
o
t
e
s
:

z8
1. ILUA Zambia F7a
2. Tract N ....... Household N HOUSEHOLD
200. Enumerator (s)
A. General information on the household
201. Household N
o
202. Village . 203. Distance to tract __ __, __Km
A1. Household composition
Household composition
204. Member name
2
0
5
.

R
e
l
a
t
i
o
n
s
h
i
p

t
o

H
e
a
d
2
0
6
.

S
e
x
2
0
7
.

A
g
e
2
0
8
.

E
d
u
c
a
t
i
o
n
2
0
9
.

R
e
s
p
o
n
d
e
n
t
C M/F Y/N


















CROPPING
B1. Crop products
B2. Crop production system
155. Notes (cropping):.............
..........
*Multiple choice possible ** To be calculated by the enumerator
273. Land tenure
Category Total area (ha)
1
.

T
i
t
l
e

2
.
C
u
s
t
o
m
a
r
y





3
.

R
e
n
t

9
9
.

O
t
h
e
r
:

270. Agricultural land
271. Crop land

272. Fallow

210a. Activities
210b.
Main
activity
1 Crop production
2 Livestock/ Herding
3 Forestry
4 Urban/ Peri-urban
5 Tourism
6 Fishery
7 Mining/extraction
Others Others
211. Total household income
1 < 100,000 ZKW
2 100,000 500,000 ZKW
3
500,000 1,000,000 ZKW
4
1,000,000 5,000,000 ZKW
5
5,000,000 ZKW
226. Input category
227.
Expenses
(000 ZMK)
1 Hired person, labour
2 Feeds, fodder, etc
3 Veterinary fees, drugs, vaccinations, etc
4 Tools
5 Spareparts, maintenance of machinery, housing, etc.
6 Hiring of power sources; animals, machinery, etc.
7 Transport, storage, etc.
8 Herbicides, pesticides, fertilizer, etc.
9 Irrigation facilities
Other
Total expenses
1
4
6
.

P
r
o
d
u
c
t

c
a
t
e
g
o
r
y

1
5
2
.

T
o
t
a
l

a
r
e
a

1
5
3
.

E
n
d
-
u
s
e

1
5
4
.

I
n
c
o
m
e

C




1
4
7
.
P
r
o
d
u
c
t

r
a
n
k
i
n
g





1
5
1
.

N
u
m
b
e
r

o
f

f
i
e
l
d
s

ha C
000
ZKW











Total income **
140. Cropping system * 141. Water * 142. Nutrients *
1 Multiple cropping 1 Rain fed 1 Adequate fallow
2 Improved cultivars 2 Irrigation - manual construction, gravity fed 2 Organic fertilizer
3 Crop rotation 3 Irrigation - major equipment 3 Mineral fertilizer
4 Fallow 4 Adequate drainage of excess water 90 Not known
90 Not known 90 Not known
Other Other Other


143. Pest / Weed * 144. Erosion * 145. Power Sources *
1 Pesticides 1 Tillage 1 Manual
2 Fungicides 2 Crop residue incorporation 2 Animal
3 Herbicides 3 Cover Crops 3 Mechanized means
4 Mechanical control 4 Leveling, contour tillage, terracing 90 Not known
5 Biological control 90 Not Known Other
90 Not known Other
Other
A2. Household activities
A4. Distribution of agricultural area and
land tenure
A3. Total annual household income
A5. Value of inputs including labour during the last 1 year
z
1. ILUA Zambia F7b
2. Tract N ....... Household N HOUSEHOLD
LIVESTOCK
C1. Livestock production system
C2. Accessibility to services C3. Accessibility to water resources
2
2
8
.

D
i
d

y
o
u

u
s
e

i
t
?

2
2
9
.

D
o

y
o
u

n
e
e
d

i
t
?
2
3
0
.

H
o
w

a
c
c
e
s
s
i
b
l
e

i
s

i
t

?
2
3
1
.

H
o
w

f
a
r
?
Service category
Y/N Y/N C Km
1 Credit services
2
Extension
services

3
Veterinary
services

4 Veterinary drugs
Other
Other
Other
C4. Total sales of livestock, poultry and bee-keeping products C5. Income received other than through sale
(last one year) of products in last one year
240. Notes (Livestock): ......................................
................................................................
................................................................
................................................................
................................................................
................................................................
................................................................
................................................................
* Multiple choice possible ** To be calculated by the enumerator
Livestock category
C
a
t
t
l
e

S
h
e
e
p

G
o
a
t
s

P
i
g
s

P
o
u
l
t
r
y

O
t
h
e
r

Common grazing
Fenced unimproved
Fenced improved
Tethering
220. Grazing
*
Zero grazing
Crop residues
Fallow land for grazing 221. Feeds
*
Specific fodder
222. Housing Livestock housing at night
223. Breeds Share of local breeds %
224. Decisions C
Management
225. Herder C
Dry season Wet season
2
3
3
a
.

D
i
s
t
a
n
c
e

2
3
3
b
.

D
i
s
t
a
n
c
e

Water source type*
2
3
2
a
.

A
c
c
e
s
s

Km
2
3
2
b
.
A
c
c
e
s
s

Km
1 Well
2 Natural (river, stream, lake)
3 Dam
4 Borehole
5 Seasonal drinking water
6 All weather drinking water
Other
Dry season Wet season
2
3
6
a
.

I
n
c
o
m
e

f
r
o
m

s
a
l
e

2
3
7
a
.

R
a
n
k
i
n
g

i
m
p
o
r
t
a
n
c
e

2
3
6
b
.

I
n
c
o
m
e

f
r
o
m

s
a
l
e

2
3
7
b
.

R
a
n
k
i
n
g

i
m
p
o
r
t
a
n
c
e

234. Products
2
3
4
b
.

U
n
i
t

o
f

q
u
a
n
t
i
t
y
2
3
5
a
.

Q
u
a
n
t
i
t
y

s
o
l
d

000
ZMK
C
2
3
5
b
.

Q
u
a
n
t
i
t
y

s
o
l
d

000
ZMK
C
1 Meats
2 Milk
3 Butter and cheese
4 Eggs
5 Hides and skins
6 Honey
Other
Other
Other
Total income
Sum income (dry + wet)**
238.Income*
239. Value
(000 ZMK)
1 Hire of draft power
2 Rental of bulls
Other
Other
Total income**
c
1
.
I
L
U
A
Z
a
m
b
i
a
F
7
c
2
.

T
r
a
c
t

N

.
.
.
.
.
.
.


2
0
1
.
H
o
u
s
e
h
o
l
d

N

H
O
U
S
E
H
O
L
D
C
6
.

T
o
t
a
l

s
a
l
e
s

o
f

p
o
u
l
t
r
y

a
n
d

l
i
v
e
s
t
o
c
k

d
u
r
i
n
g

t
h
e

l
a
s
t

1

y
e
a
r

I
n
p
u
t
s

O
u
t
p
u
t

2 4 2 . U n i t o f q u a n t i t y
2 4 3 . C u r r e n t s t o c k
2 4 4 a . P u r c h a s e d q u a n t i t y
2 4 4 b . E x p e n s e o f p u r c h a s e
2 4 5 . B o r n
2 4 6 . G i f t e d i n
2 4 7 . D i e d
2 4 8 . S t o l e n
2 4 9 . C o n s u m e d
2 5 0 . G i f t e d o u t
2 5 1 a . S o l d q u a n t i t y
2 5 1 b . I n c o m e f r o m s a l e
2 5 2 . O p e n i n g s t o c k
2
4
1
.

L
i
v
e
s
t
o
c
k

t
y
p
e
C

U
n
i
t

U
n
i
t

0
0
0

Z
M
K

U
n
i
t

U
n
i
t

U
n
i
t

U
n
i
t

U
n
i
t

U
n
i
t

U
n
i
t

0
0
0

Z
M
K

U
n
i
t

1

C
a
t
t
l
e

-
Y
o
u
n
g

s
t
o
c
k



2

C
a
t
t
l
e

-

W
e
a
n
e
r
s

m
a
l
e



3

C
a
t
t
l
e

-

W
e
a
n
e
r
s

f
e
m
a
l
e



4

C
a
t
t
l
e

-

A
d
u
l
t

m
a
l
e



5

C
a
t
t
l
e

-

A
d
u
l
t

f
e
m
a
l
e



6

C
a
t
t
l
e

-

O
x
e
n



7

S
h
e
e
p



8

G
o
a
t
s



9

P
i
g
s



1
0

C
h
i
c
k
e
n

-

L
a
y
e
r
s



1
1

C
h
i
c
k
e
n

-

B
r
o
i
l
e
r
s



1
2

C
h
i
c
k
e
n

-

F
r
e
e

r
a
n
g
e



1
3

T
u
r
k
e
y
s



1
4

D
u
c
k
s



1
5

O
t
h
e
r

p
o
u
l
t
r
y



1
6

G
u
i
n
e
a

p
i
g
s



1
7

R
a
b
b
i
t
s



O
t
h
e
r



O
t
h
e
r



O
t
h
e
r


O
t
h
e
r


O
t
h
e
r


O
t
h
e
r


T
o
t
a
l

e
x
p
e
n
s
e
s

*
*
T
o
t
a
l

i
n
c
o
m
e

*
*
*

M
u
l
t
i
p
l
e

c
h
o
i
c
e

p
o
s
s
i
b
l
e


*
*

T
o

b
e

c
a
l
c
u
l
a
t
e
d

b
y

t
h
e

e
n
u
m
e
r
a
t
o
r

1
.
I
L
U
A
Z
a
m
b
i
a
F
7
d
2
.

T
r
a
c
t

N

.
.
.
.
.
.
.


2
0
1
.
H
o
u
s
e
h
o
l
d

N

H
O
U
S
E
H
O
L
D

P

.
/

.

F
O
R
E
S
T

A
N
D

T
R
E
E

P
R
O
D
U
C
T
S

A
N
D

S
E
R
V
I
C
E
S

6
8
.

N
o
t
e
s
:

.
.
.
.
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.

E
x
t
r
a
c
t
i
o
n
L
e
g
i
s
l
a
t
i
o
n
F
o
r
e
s
t
r
y

i
n
c
e
n
t
i
v
e
s
8 0 . L a n d U s e / F o r e s t t y p e
9 9 . P r o d u c t / S e r v i c e c a t e g o r y
9 9 a . P / S R a n k
1 0 4 . C o n f l i c t s
1 0 5 . D e m a n d t r e n d
1 0 6 . S u p p l y t r e n d
1 0 3 . U s e r r i g h t s
1 0 2 . E n d - U s e
2 6 2 . I n c o m e f r o m P / S
1 0 1 b . O r g a n i z a t i o n l e v e l
1 0 1 c . G e n d e r b a l a n c e
1 0 1 d . C h i l d l a b o r
2 6 1 . D i s t a n c e t o t h e P / S
1 0 8 . F r e q u e n c y
1 0 9 . T r e n d
1 1 0 . C h a n g e r e a s o n
C

C

C

1 1 1 a . S p e c i e s R a n k
1
1
1
.

S
p
e
c
i
e
s

C

C

C

C

C

0
0
0

Z
M
K

C

C

C

K
m
C

C

C

1 0 1 e . A w a r e n e s s
1 0 1 f . C o m p l i a n c e
1 0 1 g . A w a r e n e s s
1 0 1 h . A p p l i c a t i o n
HM



L









HM



L









HM



L









HM



L









HM



L








HM



L









T
o
t
a
l

a
n
n
u
a
l

i
n
c
o
m
e

f
r
o
m

P
/
S

(
t
o

b
e

c
a
l
c
u
l
a
t
e
d

b
y

i
n
t
e
r
v
i
e
w
e
r
/
e
n
u
m
e
r
a
t
o
r
)

z

Annex ILUA variables
1
/
6
A d m i n i s t r a t i v e
S o c i o - e c o n o m i c
B i o - p h y s i c a l
F o r e s t r y ( F o r e s t s a n d T O F )
C r o p p i n g
L i v e s t o c k
W i l d l i f e
W a t e r
F i s h e r i e s a n d a c q u a t i c s y s t e m s
C r o s s c u t t i n g
S p a t i a l d i s t r i b u t i o n ( e x t e n t )
Q u a n t i t a t i v e / q u a l i t a t i v e s t a t u s o f r e s o u r c e
H e a l t h a n d v i t a l i t y
B i o d i v e r s i t y
R e s o u r c e m a n a g e m e n t
P h y s i c a l a c c e s s i b i l i t y
U s e s a n d u s e r s ( p r o d u c t s a n d s e r v i c e s )
P r o d u c t s
S e r v i c e s
I n s t i t u t i o n a l a n d l e g i s l a t i o n
O t h e r ( s o c i o - e c o n o m i c a n d e n v i r o n m e n t )
O f f i c e ( G I S , m a p s . . . )
I n p u t d u r i n g t h e f i e l d w o r k
F i e l d m e a s u r e m e n t
I n t e r v i e w s K e y i n f o r m a n t s / f o c u s g r o u p s
H o u s e h o l d S u r v e y
E s t i m a t i o n
T r a c t ( S a m p l i n g U n i t )
P l o t
L a n d U s e / C o v e r S e c t i o n ( L U C S )
L a n d U s e / C o v e r C l a s s ( L U C C )
S u b - p l o t L 1 ( r e c t a n g u l a r , R S P )
S u b - p l o t L 2 ( c i r c u l a r , C S P )
M e a s u r e m e n t p o i n t ( M P )
H o u s e h o l d ( H H )
F
1
T
R
A
C
T
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
5
4
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
F
1
H
e
a
d
l
i
n
e

(
T
r
a
c
t

I
D
)
9
9
1
F
1
C
o
u
n
t
r
y

n
a
m
e

1
1
1
2
F
1
T
r
a
c
t

N

1
1
1
I
d
e
n
t
if
ic
a
t
io
n

n
u
m
b
e
r

o
f

t
h
e

t
r
a
c
t
(
f
r
o
m

1

t
o

t
o
t
a
l
t
r
a
c
t

n
u
m
b
e
r
)
.

F
1
T
r
a
c
t

l
o
c
a
t
i
o
n
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
5
4
9
9
9
9
G
e
n
e
r
a
l
in
f
o
r
m
a
t
io
n

o
n

t
r
a
c
t

lo
c
a
t
io
n
7
F
1
F
i
r
s
t

A
d
m
i
n
i
s
t
r
a
t
i
v
e

D
i
v
i
s
i
o
n

L
e
v
e
l

(
e
.
g
.

S
t
a
t
e
)
1
1
1
N
a
m
e

o
f

t
h
e

f
ir
s
t

a
d
m
in
is
t
r
a
t
iv
e

d
iv
is
io
n

le
v
e
l
(
e
.
g
.

s
t
a
t
e
)
8
F
1
S
e
c
o
n
d

A
d
m
i
n
i
s
t
r
a
t
i
v
e

D
i
v
i
s
i
o
n

L
e
v
e
l

(
e
.
g
.

P
r
o
v
i
n
c
e
)
1
1
1
N
a
m
e

o
f

t
h
e

s
e
c
o
n
d

a
d
m
in
is
t
r
a
t
iv
e

d
iv
is
io
n

le
v
e
l
(
e
.
g
.

p
r
o
v
in
c
e
)
9
F
1
F
i
r
s
t

A
d
m
i
n
i
s
t
r
a
t
i
v
e

D
i
v
i
s
i
o
n

L
e
v
e
l

(
e
.
g
.

D
i
s
t
r
i
c
t
)
1
1
1
1
N
a
m
e

o
f

t
h
e

t
h
ir
d

a
d
m
in
is
t
r
a
t
iv
e

d
iv
is
io
n

le
v
e
l
(
e
.
g
.

d
is
t
r
ic
t
)
1
0
F
1
F
o
u
r
t
h

A
d
m
i
n
i
s
t
r
a
t
i
v
e

D
i
v
i
s
i
o
n

L
e
v
e
l

(
e
.
g
.

M
u
n
i
c
i
p
a
l
i
t
i
e
s
,

l
o
c
a
l
i
t
i
e
s
)
1
1
1
1
N
a
m
e

o
f

t
h
e

v
illa
g
e
/
lo
c
a
lit
y

w
h
e
r
e

t
h
e

t
r
a
c
t

is

lo
c
a
t
e
d
1
1
a
F
1
G
l
o
b
a
l

E
c
o
l
o
g
i
c
a
l

Z
o
n
e

(
G
E
Z
)

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
6
1
1
1
1
N
a
m
e

o
f

t
h
e

g
lo
b
a
l
e
c
o
lo
g
ic
a
l
z
o
n
e

w
h
e
r
e

t
h
e

t
r
a
c
t

is

lo
c
a
t
e
d
,

b
a
s
e
d

o
n

t
h
e

F
R
A

G
lo
b
a
l
E
c
o
lo
g
ic
a
l
Z
o
n
e
s

m
a
p
1
1
b
F
1
A
g
r
o
-
e
c
o
l
o
g
i
c
a
l

z
o
n
e

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
6
1
1
1
1
N
a
m
e

o
f

t
h
e

a
g
r
o
-
e
c
o
lo
g
ic
a
l
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A d m i n i s t r a t i v e
S o c i o - e c o n o m i c
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C r o s s c u t t i n g
S p a t i a l d i s t r i b u t i o n ( e x t e n t )
Q u a n t i t a t i v e / q u a l i t a t i v e s t a t u s o f r e s o u r c e
H e a l t h a n d v i t a l i t y
B i o d i v e r s i t y
R e s o u r c e m a n a g e m e n t
P h y s i c a l a c c e s s i b i l i t y
U s e s a n d u s e r s ( p r o d u c t s a n d s e r v i c e s )
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O f f i c e ( G I S , m a p s . . . )
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I n t e r v i e w s K e y i n f o r m a n t s / f o c u s g r o u p s
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3
/
6
A d m i n i s t r a t i v e
S o c i o - e c o n o m i c
B i o - p h y s i c a l
F o r e s t r y ( F o r e s t s a n d T O F )
C r o p p i n g
L i v e s t o c k
W i l d l i f e
W a t e r
F i s h e r i e s a n d a c q u a t i c s y s t e m s
C r o s s c u t t i n g
S p a t i a l d i s t r i b u t i o n ( e x t e n t )
Q u a n t i t a t i v e / q u a l i t a t i v e s t a t u s o f r e s o u r c e
H e a l t h a n d v i t a l i t y
B i o d i v e r s i t y
R e s o u r c e m a n a g e m e n t
P h y s i c a l a c c e s s i b i l i t y
U s e s a n d u s e r s ( p r o d u c t s a n d s e r v i c e s )
P r o d u c t s
S e r v i c e s
I n s t i t u t i o n a l a n d l e g i s l a t i o n
O t h e r ( s o c i o - e c o n o m i c a n d e n v i r o n m e n t )
O f f i c e ( G I S , m a p s . . . )
I n p u t d u r i n g t h e f i e l d w o r k
F i e l d m e a s u r e m e n t
I n t e r v i e w s K e y i n f o r m a n t s / f o c u s g r o u p s
H o u s e h o l d S u r v e y
E s t i m a t i o n
T r a c t ( S a m p l i n g U n i t )
P l o t
L a n d U s e / C o v e r S e c t i o n ( L U C S )
L a n d U s e / C o v e r C l a s s ( L U C C )
S u b - p l o t L 1 ( r e c t a n g u l a r , R S P )
S u b - p l o t L 2 ( c i r c u l a r , C S P )
M e a s u r e m e n t p o i n t ( M P )
H o u s e h o l d ( H H )
V a r i a b l e I D
F i e l d f o r m
N
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4
/
6
A d m i n i s t r a t i v e
S o c i o - e c o n o m i c
B i o - p h y s i c a l
F o r e s t r y ( F o r e s t s a n d T O F )
C r o p p i n g
L i v e s t o c k
W i l d l i f e
W a t e r
F i s h e r i e s a n d a c q u a t i c s y s t e m s
C r o s s c u t t i n g
S p a t i a l d i s t r i b u t i o n ( e x t e n t )
Q u a n t i t a t i v e / q u a l i t a t i v e s t a t u s o f r e s o u r c e
H e a l t h a n d v i t a l i t y
B i o d i v e r s i t y
R e s o u r c e m a n a g e m e n t
P h y s i c a l a c c e s s i b i l i t y
U s e s a n d u s e r s ( p r o d u c t s a n d s e r v i c e s )
P r o d u c t s
S e r v i c e s
I n s t i t u t i o n a l a n d l e g i s l a t i o n
O t h e r ( s o c i o - e c o n o m i c a n d e n v i r o n m e n t )
O f f i c e ( G I S , m a p s . . . )
I n p u t d u r i n g t h e f i e l d w o r k
F i e l d m e a s u r e m e n t
I n t e r v i e w s K e y i n f o r m a n t s / f o c u s g r o u p s
H o u s e h o l d S u r v e y
E s t i m a t i o n
T r a c t ( S a m p l i n g U n i t )
P l o t
L a n d U s e / C o v e r S e c t i o n ( L U C S )
L a n d U s e / C o v e r C l a s s ( L U C C )
S u b - p l o t L 1 ( r e c t a n g u l a r , R S P )
S u b - p l o t L 2 ( c i r c u l a r , C S P )
M e a s u r e m e n t p o i n t ( M P )
H o u s e h o l d ( H H )
V a r i a b l e I D
F i e l d f o r m
N
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M
A

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6
A d m i n i s t r a t i v e
S o c i o - e c o n o m i c
B i o - p h y s i c a l
F o r e s t r y ( F o r e s t s a n d T O F )
C r o p p i n g
L i v e s t o c k
W i l d l i f e
W a t e r
F i s h e r i e s a n d a c q u a t i c s y s t e m s
C r o s s c u t t i n g
S p a t i a l d i s t r i b u t i o n ( e x t e n t )
Q u a n t i t a t i v e / q u a l i t a t i v e s t a t u s o f r e s o u r c e
H e a l t h a n d v i t a l i t y
B i o d i v e r s i t y
R e s o u r c e m a n a g e m e n t
P h y s i c a l a c c e s s i b i l i t y
U s e s a n d u s e r s ( p r o d u c t s a n d s e r v i c e s )
P r o d u c t s
S e r v i c e s
I n s t i t u t i o n a l a n d l e g i s l a t i o n
O t h e r ( s o c i o - e c o n o m i c a n d e n v i r o n m e n t )
O f f i c e ( G I S , m a p s . . . )
I n p u t d u r i n g t h e f i e l d w o r k
F i e l d m e a s u r e m e n t
I n t e r v i e w s K e y i n f o r m a n t s / f o c u s g r o u p s
H o u s e h o l d S u r v e y
E s t i m a t i o n
T r a c t ( S a m p l i n g U n i t )
P l o t
L a n d U s e / C o v e r S e c t i o n ( L U C S )
L a n d U s e / C o v e r C l a s s ( L U C C )
S u b - p l o t L 1 ( r e c t a n g u l a r , R S P )
S u b - p l o t L 2 ( c i r c u l a r , C S P )
M e a s u r e m e n t p o i n t ( M P )
H o u s e h o l d ( H H )
V a r i a b l e I D
F i e l d f o r m
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6
/
6
A d m i n i s t r a t i v e
S o c i o - e c o n o m i c
B i o - p h y s i c a l
F o r e s t r y ( F o r e s t s a n d T O F )
C r o p p i n g
L i v e s t o c k
W i l d l i f e
W a t e r
F i s h e r i e s a n d a c q u a t i c s y s t e m s
C r o s s c u t t i n g
S p a t i a l d i s t r i b u t i o n ( e x t e n t )
Q u a n t i t a t i v e / q u a l i t a t i v e s t a t u s o f r e s o u r c e
H e a l t h a n d v i t a l i t y
B i o d i v e r s i t y
R e s o u r c e m a n a g e m e n t
P h y s i c a l a c c e s s i b i l i t y
U s e s a n d u s e r s ( p r o d u c t s a n d s e r v i c e s )
P r o d u c t s
S e r v i c e s
I n s t i t u t i o n a l a n d l e g i s l a t i o n
O t h e r ( s o c i o - e c o n o m i c a n d e n v i r o n m e n t )
O f f i c e ( G I S , m a p s . . . )
I n p u t d u r i n g t h e f i e l d w o r k
F i e l d m e a s u r e m e n t
I n t e r v i e w s K e y i n f o r m a n t s / f o c u s g r o u p s
H o u s e h o l d S u r v e y
E s t i m a t i o n
T r a c t ( S a m p l i n g U n i t )
P l o t
L a n d U s e / C o v e r S e c t i o n ( L U C S )
L a n d U s e / C o v e r C l a s s ( L U C C )
S u b - p l o t L 1 ( r e c t a n g u l a r , R S P )
S u b - p l o t L 2 ( c i r c u l a r , C S P )
M e a s u r e m e n t p o i n t ( M P )
H o u s e h o l d ( H H )
V a r i a b l e I D
F i e l d f o r m
N
F
M
A

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3
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N
o
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e
:

A
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d
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v
a
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a
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d

N
a
t
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r
a
l

R
e
s
o
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s

A
s
s
e
s
s
m
e
n
t

i
n

K
e
n
y
a
c












Annex List of 1ree species measured in the ILUA field inventory

Annex 1rees specles meusured ln the lLUA fleld lnventory

1ree stems Cross stem volume
1ree Specles
1otul Number stemshu
1otul volume
m

hu
of totul
gross
volume
'ulbernudlu punlculutu
3ruchysteglu splclformls
3ruchysteglu boehmll
Colophospermum mopune
lsoberllnlu ungolensls
Llplorhynchus condylocurpon
Pseudoluchnostylls muprounelfollu
Pterocurpus ungolensls
Lrythrophleum ufrlcunum
Purlnurl curutelllfollu
Llospyros butocunu
3ruchysteglu longlfollu
Perlcopsls ungolensls
Murqueslu mucrouru
'ulbernudlu globlfloru
Monotes ufrlcunus
Uupucu nltldu
Combretum molle
Unknown
Uupucu klrklunu
3ruchysteglu
Lonchocurpus nelsll
Lunneu dlscolor
3urkeu ufrlcunu
Culbourtlu coleospermu
Newtonlu buchununl
3ruchysteglu florlbundu
Munglferu lndlcu
Anlsophylleu
Llospyros mesplllformls
3ruchysteglu utllls
Strychnos lnnocuu
Stegunotuenlu urullcueu
Cchnu pulchru
3ruchysteglu mungu
Rlclnodendron ruutunenll
1ermlnullu mollls
Eymenocurdlu ucldu
Swurtzlu mudugusculensls
vunguerlopsls lunclfloru
Curclnlu hulllensls
3ulunltes
Cryptosepulum exfollutum
Syzlglum gulneense
3erllnlu


1ree stems Cross stem volume
1ree Specles
1otul Number stemshu
1otul volume
m

hu
of totul
gross
volume
Alblzlu udlunthlfollu
Combretum colllnum
Purlnurl polyundru
Plllostlglmu thonnlngll
1ermlnullu serlceu
3ruchysteglu tuxlfollu
Commlphoru mollls
llrklu ucumlnutu
vltex donlunu
Pteleopsls unlsopteru
Lulberglu melunoxylon
Cryptosepulum muruvlense
Alblzlu untuneslunu
Mlmusops zeyherl
luureu sullgnu
3rldellu mlcrunthu
2yzlphus ubysslnlcu
Strychnos cocculoldes
Muytenus cymosus
Annonu
Lrythrophleum suuveolens
Lulberglu nltldulu
llucourtlu lndlcu
Monotes gluber
3ysorcurpus orlentulls
Curclnlu jovlstonuntls
Phyllocomus lemulreunus
luureu lntermedlu
Lonchocurpus cupussu
Cusslu ubbrevlutu
Azunzu
Pterocurpus chrysothrlx
Lrythrlnu ubysslnlcu
Muprouneu ufrlcunu
3ruchysteglu wungermeeunu
lmenlu umerlcunu
Sclerocuryu cuffru
Monotes eleguns
Uupucu sunslburlcu
Syzlglum cordutum
Combretum zeyherl
Chrysophyllum bungweolense
Stereospermum kunthlunum
1ermlnullu bruchystemmu
Llospyros klrkll
3orussus
Proteu ungolensls
3ruchysteglu mlcrophyllu

1ree stems Cross stem volume
1ree Specles
1otul Number stemshu
1otul volume
m

hu
of totul
gross
volume
Combretum frugruns
Alblzlu verslcolor
Llchrostuchys clnereu
Cusslu
Cncobu splnosu
Amblygonocurpus undongensls
2unhu ufrlcunu
Anlsophylleu boehmll
Peltophorum ufrlcunum
Alblzlu hurveyl
Eexulobus monopetulus
Murkhumlu obtuslfollu
Curdenlu jovltonuntls
Syzlglum
yloplu odorutlsslmu
Lulberglellu nyusue
Securlducu longepedunculutu
3ersumu
Cussonlu urboreu
Strychnos splnosu
Curclnlu llvlngstonel
Lunnlellu uslteenlunu
Cldfleldlu ductylophyllu
Uvurlustrum hexuloboldes
Eyphuene ventrlcosu
Mltrugynu stlpulosu
2yzlphus muurltlunu
Cunurlum
vlrldlvlu suberosu
1ermlnullu stenostuchyu
vltex poterslunu
Stercullu qulnquelobu
vltex umbolnensls
llcus cupensls
3rldellu
llcus verruculosu
Pterocurpus rotundlfollus
lsoberllnlu tomentosu
3erchemlu
Acuclu sleberunu
Crulblu ufflnls
3uuhlnlu peterslunu
Cunuthlum zunzlburlcum
Lkeberglu bunguelensls
Afzellu blplndensls
luureu speclosu
eroderrls stuhlmunnll
3orussus uethloplum

1ree stems Cross stem volume
1ree Specles
1otul Number stemshu
1otul volume
m

hu
of totul
gross
volume
Ruuvolflu cuffru
Cchthocosmus lemulreunus
Lntudu ubysslnlcu
3ruchysteglu ullenll
Combretum celustroldes
2unthoxylum chulybeum
Strychnos pungens
lndlgoferu rhynchocurpu
Cunuthlum
Combretum lmberbe
3eclum
3osclu
Czorou retlculutu
Uvurlu ungolensls
Memecylon fluvovlrens
Purlnurl excelsu
llgellu ufrlcunu
1ubernuemontunu ungolensls
1rlchlllu emetlcu
Mugnlstlpulu butuyel
Eurungunu muduguscurlensls
3uuhlnlu
Uupucu pllosu
Mugnlstlpulu bungweolensls
Lunneu stuhlmunnll
Rothmunnlu englerunu
3rldellu cuthurtlcu
Ruphlu
3uphlu
Pterocurpus brenunll
Uupucu gulneensls
Purlnurl cupensls
Curdenlu lmperlulls
Schreberu ulutu
Strychnos potutorum
Combretum psldloldes
3ruchysteglu stlpulutu
Cryptosepulum pseudotuxus
Murkhumlu ucumlnutu
Aguurlu sullclfollu
Monotes kutungensls
vltex mudlensls
Cussonlu splcutu
Cunthlum luctescens
Cusslu ungolensls
Syzlglum owurlense
Adunsonlu dlgltutu
Alblzlu

1ree stems Cross stem volume
1ree Specles
1otul Number stemshu
1otul volume
m

hu
of totul
gross
volume
3ulklueu
Eurungunu mussuelnsls
Cchnu schwelnfurthlunu
Rhus longlpes
3ulklueu plurljugu
3uphlu mussulensls
Strychnos stuhlmunnl
llcus curlcu
Colophospermum
1urlnnu neurophyllu
Lunneu schlmerl
lxoru rhodeslucu
lhuyu nyuslcu
Lntundrophrugmu cuudutum
Allophylus
Acuclu polyucunthu
Lombeyu rotundlfollu
llcus sycomorus
Pteleopsls myrltlfollu
Clux obtuslfollu
Uupucu benguelensls
Cunthlum
lmenlu cuffru
Afzellu quunzensls
Acuclu tortllls
1remu Crlentulls
llcus bruchypodu
Cmellnu urboreu
Acuclu nlgrescens
Curlcu pupuyu
Proteu welwltschll
Lntundrophrugmu delevoyl
Lunneu humllls
3rldellu duvlgneuudl
luguru mucrophyllu
Lugenlu bukobensls
yloplu kutungensls
Phoenlx recllnutu
3urttlu prunoldes
'utrophu
Lntundrophrugmu excelsum
Mugnlstlpulu thonnlnge
Llospyros mweroensls
Schreberu trlchocludu
3uphlu bequuertll
2yzlphus
Acuclu
1oonu clllutu

1ree stems Cross stem volume
1ree Specles
1otul Number stemshu
1otul volume
m

hu
of totul
gross
volume
llcus bruchylepsls
3urkeu
Eeerlu retlculutu
Azunzu gurckeunu
Rothmunnlu whltefleldll
Cordlu ufrlcunu
Llullopsls ufrlcunu
Mllletlu bequurtl
Muytenus ovutus
Luphorblu cundelubrum
Combretum mossumblcense
Sullx subserrutu
3urttlu
Lkeberglu cupensls
Monopetulunthus rlchurdslue
Lonchocurpus erloculyx
Pterocupus untunesll
3ysorcurpus
2yzlphus pubescens
llcus lngenls
vltex mombusue
Luphorblu lngens
Cusslne uethloplcu
yloplu tomentosu
Stercullu ufrlcunu
3eclum obovutum
Llospyros chumuethumnus
3ulunltes uegyptlucu
3osclu ulbltruncu
Curclnlu volkensll
Luphorblu cooperl
Cusslu slngueunu
Chrysophyllum mugullsmontunum
Llplorhynchus
Suplum elllptlcum
Purklu flllcoldeu
Annonu senegulensls
3erllnlu glorgl
Crewlu spp
Cusslu peterslunu
Combretum




K4858/E