Simple Construction" - Concept and Typical Frame Arrangements

NCCI: "Simple Construction" - concept and typical frame arrangements
NCCI: "Simple Construction - concept and typical frame arrangements SN020a-EN-EU
NCCI: "Simple Construction - concept and typical frame arrangements

Introduces the concept of 'simple construction' for multi-storey buildings. Lateral stability is provided either by stiff cores or by braced bays; global analysis is elastic and joints are nominally pinned.
Contents
1. 2. 3. 4.
Created on Wednesday, March 27, 2013 This material is copyright - all rights reserved. Use of this document is subject to the terms and conditions of the Access Steel Licence Agreement
Introduction Design: Beams Design: Columns Design: Connections Design of stiff cores or braced bays Typical frame arrangements Basis in EC3
2 2 2 2 3 3 6
5. 6. 7.
Page 1
1.
1.1
Introduction
General
This design method is applied to frames where either bracing or stiff cores provide strength and stiffness to resist lateral forces and ensure lateral stability. The method is simple to use in design; and leads to economical structures, see SS047. Its use in the UK and elsewhere has made a substantial contribution to the market dominance of steel frames in low rise construction. The sway stiffness of the frame is considered in SN004, SN028 and SN047.
1.2
Global Analysis
The method uses elastic analysis and assumes pinned connections at a nominal eccentricity from the column face that is defined in SN005. The introduction of pins at each connection makes the structure statically determinate, simplifying the task of size selection for both columns and beams.
2.
Design: Beams
Beams are designed assuming they are simply supported because of the use of simple joints (nominally pinned joints) as EN 1993-1-8 5.1.1(2) and Table 5.1 and 5.2.2.2.
3.
Design: Columns
Columns are designed assuming they must resist both the axial compression and, where appropriate, a nominal moment from the connection to the beams. See SN002, SN012 and SX010. In accordance with EN 1991-1-1 6.2.2(1), the design of column in buildings should assume that floors are uniformly loaded, so pattern bending need not be considered.
4.
Design: Connections
As discussed below, the classification of the joints as nominally pinned may be justified on the basis of experience of previous satisfactory performance in similar cases. Therefore, it is advisable to use traditional joints and normal geometry. SN013, SN014, SN015 and SX012 provide this information for simple end plank connections and SN016, SN017, SN018 and SX013 for fin plate connections.
Page 2
5.
Design of stiff cores or braced bays
Stiff cores are commonly formed by reinforced concrete walls around the staircases and lift shaft areas. A typical plan and elevation is shown in Figure 6.1. Stiff panels are most commonly formed by steel cross-bracing. Cross-bracing arrangements need to be carefully arranged to allow for doorways. Typical plans and elevations are shown in Figure 6.2, Figure 6.3 and Figure 6.4.
6.
Typical frame arrangements
A-A
1. 2. Concrete core walls Doorways
Figure 6.1
Concrete core surrounding stairs, lifts, service shafts etc.
Page 3
Figure 6.2
Plan showing a stiff core of cross braced panels
Figure 6.3
Frame restrained by stiff panels not grouped as a core
Page 4
Figure 6.4
Elevation showing typical bracings
Page 5
7.
Basis in EC3
This tried-and-tested approach to braced frame design complies fully with the Eurocodes. Key points are addressed below: 1. Nominally pinned connections
EN 1993-1-8 5.2.2.1 (2) states that A joint may be classified, on the basis of experimental evidence, experience of previous satisfactory performance in similar cases or by calculation based on test evidence. There is substantial experience of previous satisfactory experience of these connections. They had been used for many decades in most low-rise steel frames in the UK and elsewhere. 2. Treatment as braced frame
EN 1993-1-1 gives no definition of a braced frame ENV 1993-1-1 5.2.5.3 previously stated that A frame may be classified as braced if its sway resistance is supplied by a bracing system with a response to in-plane horizontal loads which is sufficiently stiff for it to be acceptably accurate to assume that all horizontal loads are resisted by the bracing system. This is the case in frames where the beam to column joints are simple joints.] 3. Resistance to horizontal forces
The stiff cores/braced bays should be designed to resist the entire horizontal loading from external actions and frame imperfections using EN 1993-1-1 5.3.2. SN028 demonstrates that imperfections may be considered by using horizontal force coefficients of 0.5% of vertical loads. 4. Second order effects
As discussed in SN001, stiff cores and panels sized for resistance to ultimate limit state forces may lead to frames with cr < 10 in which case they must be designed considering the effects of deformed geometry (second order effects). SN028 demonstrates that using horizontal force coefficients of 2,5% of vertical loads and limiting the stresses in the bracing will always ensure cr >10, giving a simple design process by avoiding second-order analysis.
Page 6
Quality Record
RESOURCE TITLE NCCI: "Simple Construction - concept and typical frame arrangements
Reference(s) ORIGINAL DOCUMENT Name Created by Technical content checked by Editorial content checked by Technical content endorsed by the following STEEL Partners: 1. UK 2. France
Company SCI SCI
Date Oct 2005 Oct 2005
C M King A S Malik
G W Owens A Bureau B Uppfeldt C Mller J Chica G W Owens
SCI CTICM SBI RWTH Labein SCI
23/5/06 23/5/06 23/5/06 23/5/06 23/5/06 31/8/06
3. Sweden 4. Germany 5. Spain Resource approved by Technical Coordinator TRANSLATED DOCUMENT This Translation made and checked by: Translated resource approved by:
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Simple Construction" - Concept and Typical Frame Arrangements

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NCCI: "Simple Construction" - concept and typical frame arrangements

NCCI: "Simple Construction - concept and typical frame arrangements SN020a-EN-EU

NCCI: "Simple Construction - concept and typical frame arrangements

NCCI: "Simple Construction" - concept and typical frame arrangements

NCCI: "Simple Construction - concept and typical frame arrangements SN020a-EN-EU

NCCI: "Simple Construction" - concept and typical frame arrangements

NCCI: "Simple Construction - concept and typical frame arrangements SN020a-EN-EU

Design of stiff cores or braced bays

Typical frame arrangements

Concrete core surrounding stairs, lifts, service shafts etc.

NCCI: "Simple Construction" - concept and typical frame arrangements

NCCI: "Simple Construction - concept and typical frame arrangements SN020a-EN-EU

Plan showing a stiff core of cross braced panels

Frame restrained by stiff panels not grouped as a core

NCCI: "Simple Construction" - concept and typical frame arrangements

NCCI: "Simple Construction - concept and typical frame arrangements SN020a-EN-EU

Elevation showing typical bracings

NCCI: "Simple Construction" - concept and typical frame arrangements

NCCI: "Simple Construction - concept and typical frame arrangements SN020a-EN-EU

NCCI: "Simple Construction" - concept and typical frame arrangements

NCCI: "Simple Construction - concept and typical frame arrangements SN020a-EN-EU

Company SCI SCI

Date Oct 2005 Oct 2005

G W Owens A Bureau B Uppfeldt C Mller J Chica G W Owens

SCI CTICM SBI RWTH Labein SCI

23/5/06 23/5/06 23/5/06 23/5/06 23/5/06 31/8/06

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