HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX The index measurement is same as that of HDI, but takes note of inequality in achievement between

een women and men The methodology used imposes a penalty for inequality GDI falls when the achievement levels of both women and men in a country go down

GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT Growth requires fostering of strong links between economic growth and Human Development. This can be accomplished in the following ways: Provision of remunerative employment to people More equitable distribution of income and economic opportunities Access to productive assets Investment in education and health Gender equality CALCULATION OF HDI Define a minimum and maximum value for each of the three dimensions of the HDI - Life Expectancy - Real GDP per capital - Educational attainment (combine two variables) 1. Adult Literacy2. Enrollment Ratio i.e. 2 * (Adult Literacy) + (Enrollment Ratio)

India ranks 136 in human development index Madhavi Rajadhyaksha, TNN Mar 15, 2013, 06.29PM IST MUMBAI: In another sign that India has much catching up to do, the Human Development Report 2013 released by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), ranked the country at a low 136 among 186 countries on its human development index (HDI) a composite measure of life expectancy, access to education and income levels. The report released on Thursday placed India at the near-bottom of countries which have reached 'medium development'. With its index standing at 0.554 for the last year, India has miles to go to meet countries like Norway (ranked number 1) which boasts of an HDI of 0.955. HDI is considered a better measure of a country's progress than mere income growth, but suffers from its own flaws such as masking regional inequalities. On the positive side, India's HDI has risen by 1.7% annually since 1980. The report lauds India's contribution by way of its spillover development effect on other countries. For instance, it points out that Indian firms have been supplying affordable medicines, medical equipment and information and communication technology to other poorer countries. The 2013 report focuses on the "rise of the south", mapping the shift in global dynamics from the traditional power base in the west to newer emerging countries. Besides the emerging economies of Brazil, China, India and South Africa, the report also acknowledges developing nations such as Turkey, Mexico, Thailand and Indonesia as playing a larger role on the global stage. It estimates that by 2020, the combined economic output of the three leading developing countries India, Brazil and China will surpass the aggregate production of Canada, France, Germany, Italy, the United Kingdom and the United States. It underlines south-south cooperation as the key factor in boosting such development. The report also underlines the need for global governance institutions to adopt a more equitable approach.

India ranks 134 in human development index

IANS , November 02, 2011 First Published: 16:22 IST(2/11/2011) | Last Updated: 18:48 IST(2/11/2011) New Delhi: India ranks a low 134 among 187 countries in terms of the human development index (HDI), which assesses long-term progress in health, education and income indicators, said a UN report released on Wednesday. Although placed in the "medium" category, India's standing is way behind scores of economically less developed countries, including war-torn Iraq as well as the Philippines. India's ranking in 2010 was 119 out of 169 countries.Sri Lanka has been ranked 97, China 101 and the Maldives 109. Bhutan, otherwise respected for its qulity of life, has been placed at 141, behind India. Pakistan and Bangladesh are ranked 145 and 146 in the list of countries that is headed by Norway and in which the Democratic Republic of Congo is at the very bottom. The other two countries in South Asia, Nepal and Afghanistan, occupy ranks 157 and 172. According to the "UN Human Development Report 2011: Sustainability and Inequality", India's HDI is 0.5 compared to 0.3 in 2010. Rural Development Minister Jairam Ramesh said year-on-year comparisons were not practical. "Any change in development indicators should be measured over a longer period of time," he said. UN official Seeta Prabhu said: "The HDI for 2011 would be the same if the 2010 methodology was adopted and the sample size was the same. As many as 18 new countries were included in the survey this time." She said India's gender inequality index was 0.6, the highest in South Asia.But stating that India had made "significant progress" on HDI, UNDP Country Director Caitlin Wiesen said: "This trajectory may be threatened by environmental risks and inequality." The UN report said that India had the world's largest number of multidimensionally poor, more than half of the population, at 612 million.However, the report appreciated India's progress in improving forest cover and protecting biodiversity. "India is one of the seven developing countries like Bhutan, China, Costa Rica, Chile, El Salvador and Vietnam which have recently transitioned from deforesting to reforesting," said the report.India increased its reforestation rate from 0.2% a year between 1990 and 2000 to 0.5% percent a year between 2000 and 2010. "We need to link environmental issues with the livelihoods of deprived sections," said Ramesh while releasing the report.