BIJU PATNAIK UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY ROURKELA ODISSA

A Thesis on Performance analysis of Automatic Generation Control for a two Hydro- Thermal power system using Integral controller Su mitted y

KANAK DAS
4th Sem., M. Tech. P!"e# S$%tem E&'(&ee#(&') !nder the Guidance of

P#!*. ITISHREE GHATUARI

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING "AA#$HA%I &%GI%&&"I%G C'((&G& )H!)A%&S*A"-+,-.-+ '$ISSA /.-0

BIJU PATNAIK UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY ROURKELA ODISSA

"AA#$HA%I &%GI%&&"I%G C'((&G& )H!)A%&S*A"-+,-.-+ '$ISSA

CERTIFICATE
Certified that the thesis entitled +Pe#*!#m,&ce ,&,-$%(% !* A.t!m,t(c Ge&e#,t(!& C!&t#!- *!# , t"! H$/#!0 The#m,- 1!"e# %$%tem .%(&' I&te'#,- c!&t#!--e#2 is a onafide wor1 carried out y Sri 2ana1 $as3 "egd %o---.+/45./+ in partial fulfillment for the award of M,%te# of Tech&!-!'$ in P!"e# S$%tem E&'(&ee#(&' E-ect#(c,- E&'(&ee#(&') prescri ed y B(3. P,t&,(4 U&(5e#%(t$ !* Tech&!-!'$, R!.#4e-, during /.---/.-06 It is also certified that all the corrections7suggestions indicated for the thesis ha8e een incorporated in the report6 This report has een appro8ed as it satisfies the academic re9uirements in respect of the the%(% 1#e%c#(6e/ for the 5th Semester of M,%te# !* Tech&!-!'$.

Project Guide P#!*. It(%h#ee Gh,t.,#() $epartment of &lectrical &ngineering3 "&C3 )hu aneswar6

Course Co-ordinator P#!*. A%h(% K. M,--(4 )

H. O. D P#!*.A%h(% K. M,--(4 ) Head3 $epartment of &lectrical &ngineering3 "&C3 )hu aneswar6

ACKNO7LEDGEMENT

The acts of few specific people are influence of many6 $etermination and inspiration in many minds are the reflection of these people6 I am greatly than1ful to our respected and elo8ed Principal P#!*. D#.) B(m,- S,#,&'( and our Head of the $epartment : the ;6 Tech6 Course Coordinator P#!*. A%h(% M,--(43 who are the ac1 one for the success of this *or16 ;y sincere than1s to the pro<ect guide P#!*. It(%h#ee Gh,t.,#( for her guidance and suggestions which helped in o8ercoming the hurdles in the completion of this thesis report6 ;y sincere than1s to all the staff mem ers of our department for their immense support during this wor16 At last ut not the least3 I also than1 my parents and friends for their co-operation and encouragement in successfully completing the wor16

Signature of the student

SYNOPSICS
The paper deals with automatic generation control =AGC> of a two-area hydrothermal system6 Appropriate generation rate constraints ha8e een considered for the thermal and hydro plants6 The hydro area is considered with an electric go8ernor and thermal area is considered with reheat tur ine6 'ptimi?ation of integral controllers and electric go8ernor parameters has een carried out using area control error =AC&>6 In8estigations ha8e een made for the selection of suita le 8alue for go8ernor speed regulation parameter " for the hydro and thermal areas and to e@plore the effect of tie line strength on the dynamic response6 -A step load pertur ation has een gi8en to area-- i6e6 thermal system6 The system responses ha8e een simulated in ;AT(A)6 "esponses of de8iation in fre9uencies3 de8iation in tie line power and integral of area control errors ha8e een plotted for two areas6 Thus3 on the asis of these responses3 the dynamic performance of the system has een studied6

CONTENTS
S-. N!. TOPIC P,'e N!. /

-6 INTRODUCTION /6 MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF AGC /6/6/

I&t#!/.ct(!&
LOAD FREQUENCY CONTROL 2.2.1 Meth!/ !* c!&t#!-

8
3

9 ; <

8.8.8 T"! A#e, I&te#c!&&ecte/ S$%tem: 9. SYSTEM INVESTIGATED

56 CHOICE OF OBJECTIVE FUNCTION , .RESULTS ANALYSIS

= =

B CONCLUSION
? FUTURE SCOPE

>> >8

Re*e#e&ce%

>4

N!me&c-,t.#e:

-6 AGC C Automatic generation control /6 ( D C C (oad fre9uency Control 06 A E "- Automatic Eoltage regulator 56 STG- Steam Tur o Generators ,6 AC&- Area Control &rror B6 S(P- Step (oad Pertur ation +6 !S-!ndershoot F6 'S-'8ershoot 46 PS'- Particle Swarm 'ptimi?ation -.6 $&- $ifferential &8olution

L(%t !* F('.#e%:

F('. > The Schematic representation of (DC and AE" of a synchronous generator F('. 8 Two control areas =single tie line> F('. 9 The control diagram of an interconnected two hydro thermal system F('. 4 Dre9uency de8iation in area-F('. ; Dre9uency de8iation in area-/ F('. < Tie line power de8iation

L(%t !* T,6-e%

Ta le -G Settling time3 pea1 o8ershoot and undershoot of H-3 H/ and H