1

PIPE BEND FORCES

2





Design of Strut (Beam B1):

Force in the strut = 2.60 kN
Max. unsupported length of the strut = 2.785 m
Factored load = 2.6 1.5 = 3.9 kN
Size of the strut = 300 300 mm
Characteristic strength of concrete = 30 N/mm
Characteristic strength of reinforcement = 500 N/mm
Clear cover = 25 mm
Minimum eccentricity as per Cl.25.4, IS 456:2000 =
30
300
500
2785
+
= 15.57 mm < 20mm
Moment due to minimum eccentricity = 0.02 3.9
= 0.078 kNm
Since the strut is monolithically constructed with Column, strut is assumed to be
held in position and direction at both ends
Effective length of strut (table 28, IS 456:2000) = 0.65 2785 = 1810 mm

Slenderness ratio (Cl.25.1.2, IS 456:2000) =
300
1810
= 6.03
= 6.03 < 12
Hence no slender
Self weight of the strut = 0.3 0.3 25
= 2.25 kN/m
















3







Bending moment due to self weight =
10
785 . 2 25 . 2 5 . 1
2
x x

= 2.62 kNm
Bending moment about major axis = 0.078 + 2.62
= 2.70 kNm
Bending moment about minor axis = 0.078 kNm

Provided longitudinal reinforcement = 4 - #12 mm (452 mm)
(0.50% of cross sectional area)

Check for combined axial load and biaxial bending as per Cl 39.6 of IS: 456 - 2000


bD f
Pu
ck
=
300 300 30
1000 90 . 3
x x
x

= 0.0014
Corresponding uniaxial moment capacity

D
d
'
=
300
31
= 0.10
Reference to SP-16, chart 48

ck
f
p
=
30
1
= 0.033

2
ck
1 ux
bD f
M
= 0.040
Mux1 & Muy1 = 0.040 30 300 300
= 32.40 kNm










4







Puz = 0.45 30 (300 300 452) + 0.75 500 452

= 1378.40 kN

uz
u
P
P
=
40 . 1378
90 . 3
= 0.0028


n
= 1

Interaction ratio


0 . 1 0 . 1
40 . 32
078 . 0
40 . 32
70 . 2
(

+
(

= 0.08+ 0.0024 = 0.082 < 1 Hence safe



























5























6







Design of Strut (Beam B2):

Force in the strut = 86.10 kN
Max. unsupported length of the strut = 5.57 m
Factored load = 86.10 1.5 = 129.15 kN
Size of the strut = 300 300 mm
Characteristic strength of concrete = 30 N/mm
Characteristic strength of reinforcement = 500 N/mm
Clear cover = 25 mm
Minimum eccentricity as per Cl.25.4, IS 456:2000 =
30
300
500
5570
+
= 21.14 mm > 20mm
Moment due to minimum eccentricity = 0.021 129.15
= 2.71 kNm
Since the strut is monolithically constructed with Column, strut is assumed to be
held in position and direction at both ends
Effective length of strut (table 28, IS 456:2000) = 0.65 5570 = 3620 mm
Slenderness ratio (Cl.25.1.2, IS 456:2000) =
300
3620
= 12.10
= 12.10 > 12
Hence slender column

Additional moment (Cl.39.7.1, IS 456:2000) = ( )
2
10 . 12
2000
3 . 0 15 . 129
x
x

= 2.84 kNm > 2.71 kNm












7






Self weight of the strut = 0.3 0.3 25
= 2.25 kN/m
Bending moment due to self weight =
10
57 . 5 25 . 2 5 . 1
2
x x

= 10.48 kNm
Bending moment about major axis = 2.84 + 10.48
= 13.32 kN-m
Bending moment about minor axis = 2.84 kNm
Provided longitudinal reinforcement = 8 - #12 mm (904 mm)
(1% of cross sectional area)
Check for combined axial load and biaxial bending as per Cl 39.6 of IS: 456 2000


bD f
Pu
ck
=
300 300 30
1000 15 . 129
x x
x

= 0.048
Corresponding uniaxial moment capacity

D
d
'
=
300
31
= 0.10
Reference to SP-16, chart 48

ck
f
p
=
30
1
= 0.033

2
ck
1 ux
bD f
M
= 0.06
Mux1 & Muy1 = 0.06 30 300 300
= 48.60 kNm












8







Puz = 0.45 30 (300 300 904) + 0.75 500 904
= 1541.79 kN


uz
u
P
P
=
79 . 1541
15 . 129
= 0.08


n
= 1.0

Interaction ratio


0 . 1 0 . 1
60 . 48
84 . 2
60 . 48
32 . 13
(

+
(

=

= 0.27 + 0.05 = 0.32 < 1 Hence safe



























9





Design of Encasement : ( 3.26 x 2.50 x 2.83m deep )

a) Load due to 2200dia (water pipe)


10 2 . 2
4
2

t
= 38 kN/m

Unit weight of water = 10 kN/m
3



5 . 78 ) 2 . 2 232 . 2 (
4
2 2

t

= 8.75 kN/m (self wt. of pipe)

UDL = 38 + 8.75 = 46.75 kN/m

Load = 46.75 x 5 = 233.75 kN

b) Reaction due to flow velocity (1000 dia Pipe) = 77.0 kN

c) self weight of encasement (RCC Block) =
2
2 . 2
4
) 26 . 3 83 . 2 (
t



2
42 . 5 80 . 3 22 . 9 m = =




kN 1 . 339 25 5 . 2 42 . 5 = =


Total Load = 233.75 + 77.0 + 339.11 = 649.86 kN say 650 KN

Bearing pressure =
2
/ 75 . 79
5 . 2 26 . 3
650
m kN =
(

8.0 T/m
2
< 15 T/m
2



















10





Design of 20mm dia Bolt :

Total shear force = 4 T
No. of bolts provided = 8 nos
Shear force on each bolt =
8
4
= 0.50 T
area of the Bolt = ( )
2
0 . 2
4

t

= 3.14 cm
2
Permissible shear stress = 800 kg/cm
2


(as per IS : 800 , Table : 8.1)

Capacity of bolt (shear) = T kg 51 . 2 2512 800 14 . 3 = =


0.50 T < 2.51 T ; Hence safe.

Total horizontal force = 4 T

Moment = 4 x 0.70 = 2.80 Tm

c / c of bolt = 0.35 m

Tension in the bolt =
35 . 0
80 . 2
= 8.0 T

No. of bolts (Tension) = 4 nos
Tension on each bolt =
4
8
= 2.0 T
Total compressive force = 6.80 T















11






Compressive force on each bolt =
8
8 . 6
= 0.85 T
Net tension in the bolt = 2.0 0.85 = 1.15 T
Net area of the Bolt = ( )
2
8 . 0 0 . 2
4

t

= 2.01 cm
2
Permissible stress (Tension) = 1200 kg/cm
2


(as per IS : 800 , Table : 8.1)

Capacity of bolt (Tension) = T kg 41 . 2 2412 1200 01 . 2 = =


= 1.15 T < 2.41 T ;
Hence safe.