LEARN PATRAN BASICS

LESSON 1
Getting Started
Objectives:
In this exercise you will perform the following tasks. I Access MSCPATRAN and run a Session File. I Move, resize and iconify windows and forms. I Become familiar with Screen Picking. I Become familiar with the on-line help utility.
PATRAN301ExerciseWorkbook-Release7.5 1-1
1-2
Release 7.5 Exercise PATRAN Workbook 301 -
LESSON
Getting Started
Model Description:
In this exercise you will access MSCPATRAN, create an MSCPATRAN database, and run a prepared Session le. The Session le will create an MSCPATRAN model that you will use throughout this exercise. Next you will practice moving, resizing and iconifying the graphic viewport and menu forms. You will also learn to use the on-line help utility. Since the emphasis of this rst exercise is learning the fundamentals of MSCPATRAN, small discussions will be interspersed throughout the lesson to describe the general format and operation of MSCPATRAN.
Exercise Procedure:
1. In your xterm window type p3. You should see various status messages being printed in the xterm window. PATRAN After a short time the following MSCPATRAN menus will appear. The Main Form,
PATRAN
File Group Viewport Viewing Display Preferences Tools Insight Control Help NGeometry NFEM NLBCs NMaterials NProperties NLoad Cases NFields NAnalysis NResults NInsight NXY Plot
Accessing
$# NetLS Initialization complete. Acquiring license(s)... $# Recorded by MSC/PATRAN Release 7.5 12/25/95 03:36:58 PM $# Session file patran.ses.01 started recording at 25-Dec-95 03:38:15
History Window Initially all selections within the Main Form are ghosted except the File selection. Typically when an option does not pertain to the task you are performing, MSCPATRAN ghosts that selection, to make it easier for you to choose the viable options. For example, move the mouse cursor to the File selection in the Main Form and click the left mouse button. In the pulldown menu that appears only the operations that pertain to the manipulating databases are active, since the rst thing you must do when starting MSCPATRAN is access a database. Open a new database named exercise_1.db. File/New... New Database Name exercise_1
OK In a short time you should see your graphics viewport open. The New Model Preferences form will also appear when a new database is opened. The Tolerance section of the form allows you to select how MSC/PATRAN will decide when two points are coincident. The Tolerance selection, Based on Model, calculates the tolerance as 0.05% of the input Approximate Maximum Model Dimension. The Tolerance selection, Default, uses the default 0.005 global model tolerance. Select the Default Tolerance. The form also allows you to select the Analysis Code and Analysis Type preferences which affect the formatting of various forms throughout your modeling session. Do not change the default MSC/NASTRAN and Structural settings. New Model Preference Tolerance Analysis Code: Analysis Type OK You are now going to play a session le which contains MSCPATRAN commands. The commands will create the model that will be used in this exercise. File/Session/Play... Default MSC/NASTRAN Structural
Playing a Session File
Notice the Filter databox. Filter /*.ses*
It contains *.ses*. Only le names containing that string will appear in the Session File List. The *s are wild-cards and represent any combination of characters.
Changing the Filter
Change the lter to make it more specic. Change *.ses* to ex*.ses* by positioning the mouse cursor after the last forward slash, clicking the left mouse button, and typing the change. Filter Filter
1-4 Release 7.5 Exercise PATRAN Workbook 301 -
/ex*.ses*
LESSON
Getting Started
Now all the les in your directory that start with ex and contain .ses are available in the Session File List selection box. Session File List Apply To set up the display turn on the display lines and entity labels by selecting these two icons from the tool bar exercise_1.ses
Note: Display lines are used only to help visualize the geometry and the labels are the ID numbers of the geometry. They are placed at the entities centroid. A Session File is a recording of all the commands used during one modeling session. There is actually a Session File recording your MSCPATRAN commands right now. When you play a Session File, you play, or re-enter, all the commands that are stored in the Session File. The MSC/PATRAN commands appear in the History Window as they are read from the le. While the Session File is running lets discuss the system icons at the top on the Main Form. Notice the MSCPATRAN Heartbeat icon. Heartbeat
The PATRAN Heartbeat
The heartbeat changes colors to inform the user of MSCPATRANs status. If the heartbeat is green, MSCPATRAN is waiting for you to enter a command.
PATRAN301ExerciseWorkbook-Release7.5
1-5
If the heartbeat is blue, MSCPATRAN is busy with an operation, but it can be interrupted by clicking on the MSCPATRAN Hand. The operation of the Hand is similar to control C (interrupt task). Hand
Refresh, Undo and Display Cleanup
If the heartbeat is red, MSC/PATRAN is busy with an operation and cannot be interrupted. Typing or mouse selections at this time will be ignored. There are four more buttons in the upper right hand corner Main Form. The paint brush is the Refresh Graphics button which repaints the model. After you delete something from the window, or pull menus over the window, the model might need repainting. If it does, press the Refresh icon. The pencil eraser is the Undo button and can be used to undo most commands. Only the previous operation can be undone by the Undo button. The push broom is the Reset Graphics button which removes all fringe and marker plots, all automatic titles, highlighting and deformed shape plots. The viewport will be repainted in wireframe mode. This button works on all posted viewports in Entity Mode but only on the groups posted in the current viewport in Group mode. Repaint button resets your graphics to the default. When multiple windows are on display, to bring the MSC/PATRAN main display to the top, the Push Window icon is used.
1-6
LESSON
Getting Started
The model should now be created and look like the one shown below.
2.
You are now going to practice moving, resizing, and iconifying the graphics viewport and MSC/PATRAN forms.
First, place the mouse cursor in the graphics viewports title bar, hold down the left mouse button, and drag the window down the screen. An outline of the window will appear as you move the mouse. Release the mouse button and the window will be rerendered in the new location. 3. To resize the viewport vertically place the cursor over the border at the bottom of the viewport. The pointer will then change to a vertical arrow.
Moving, resizing and iconifying
Hold down the left mouse button and drag the pointer down. An outline of the viewport will be displayed as you move the mouse.
Release the mouse button and the viewport will be rerendered. 4. To resize the viewport horizontally place the cursor over the border at the right of the viewport. The pointer will change to a horizontal arrow. Hold down the left mouse button and drag the pointer to the right.
As you move the mouse an outline will appear as the view is updated. Release the mouse button to rerender the viewport. 5. To resize the height and width of the viewport simultaneously place the mouse cursor on the lower right corner of the viewport border. The cursor changes to the arrow shown below.
Hold the left mouse button down and drag the pointer down and to the right. Release the button to rerender the window.
Iconifying Windows
6.
Click on the Iconify button in the upper right corner of the Main Form.
The window will close and an icon will appear.
1-8
LESSON
Getting Started
Double click on the icon and the window will reopen. 7. You will now practice erasing, not deleting, parts of your MSCPATRAN model. The purpose of this step is to use the on-line help system to obtain information pertaining to a MSCPATRAN function that you have not previously used.
PATRAN on-line help system
Display/Plot/Erase...
You should now see the following two forms. Plot/Erase

Selected Entities
Erase
Plot
Selected Entities databox.
Coord. Frames... Plot All Entities Erase All Entities Plot All Posted Geometry Erase All Geometry Plot All Posted FEM
Filter Buttons
Erase All FEM
OK
To obtain help on the use of the Plot/Erase form place the mouse cursor in the form and type the F1-key (Help-key at some sites). Read the help page for the Plot/Erase form to familiarize yourself with the function of each box and button on the form. Next, do the same for the Select Menu. By reading the rst few help pages pertaining to both forms you now know that the Select Menu allows you to lter the
entity types you can pick with the mouse, and that there are several selection methods that allow you to singly or multiply select the entity types from your model. You are now going to try a subset of the selection methods. Click on Done in the Help Pages to remove them from the screen. By pointing to individual icons in the Select Menu, keywords will display explaining the function of the icon.
Multiple Picking
There are three methods that can be used to select multiple MSCPATRAN entities. They are the shift-click, click-drag, and polygon-pick. Make sure you understand the picking settings before you do the following steps. Preferences/Picking... Rectangle/Polygon Picking Close Move the mouse cursor inside the Selected Entities box in the Plot/ Erase form and click the left mouse button. To make the selection process easier, click on the Geometric Entity icon in the Select Enclose Centroid
1-10
LESSON
Getting Started
Menu. The Select Menu will reformat showing specic geometric entities. Click on the icon which allows selection of only the solid entities. The two lter selections are shown in the gures below.
First Click Here
Then Click Here
Holding the Shift-key down, mouse select (by clicking the left mouse button when the mouse cursor is located at the centroid of the entities) solids 1 and 19 on the top of the model. Use the gure below to help you identify the two solids. The picture below has entity labels turned
1-11
on. If you have Label Highlighting turned on under Preferences/ Picking, the preselection will also display the entity labels as the mouse passes over it.
Then Shift-click here
First click here
Refer to the Picking... option under Preferences to check the setting for the Entity Picking. For a curve, surface, or solid, you should click on their identication number which is located at their centroid. If you accidently select the wrong solid, you can deselect it by moving the mouse cursor to the center of that solid and clicking the right mouse button (unshifted) as shown below.
To erase selected entities click on the Erase button, and to replot them click on the Plot button. Another way to select the entities is to use a mouse dened rectangle to enclose the entities you wish to identify. To perform this method of selection (click-drag method) rst position the mouse cursor at one of the corners of the rectangle you wish to create. Hold down the left
1-12 Release 7.5 Exercise PATRAN Workbook 301 -
LESSON
Getting Started
mouse button and drag the mouse cursor to the rectangles opposite diagonal corner. Make sure that the Rectangle/Polygon picking is set to Enclosed Centroid. The gure below shows that the rectangle must include the labels of the entities that you wish to select. Remember to use the Select Menu lter for solid entities or else you will select all entities within the rectangle.
Click here
and drag it to here.
Before you erase the solids try editing the contents of the Selected Entities databox in the Plot/Erase form. If you want to change only a few characters in the listbox place the mouse cursor to the right of the character, double-click the left mouse button, delete the character, and then type in your modication. To erase the total contents of the databox rst triple click in the box to highlight all the text and then type in the new entity names. Try both of these editing techniques. Before you try the next selection method, click on the Plot All Entities button to replot the total model. The nal selection technique that you will try is the polygon-pick method. This method is used when the entities that you wish to select cannot be selected by a rectangle. Use this method to erase Solids 1,
1-13
2, 3, 20, and 21. The gure below shows a sample polygon pick surrounding these solids. To use polygon picking, click on the polygon icon in the toolbar.
Then with the left mouse button screen select the vertices of the polygon. Double click the left mouse button to close the polygon To close the Plot/Erase form press the OK button
First click here Close the polygon by picking the initial point
Second click here Third click here
Fifth click here
Fourth click here
8.
The nal step of this exercise is to stop MSCPATRAN.
Exit MSCPATRAN
File/Quit Your le is automatically saved for you in PATRAN You should now be back in your X-window environment. Type ls to list your directory. Your directory should now contain the following les: I exercise1.db I exercise1.db_m The database you just created. Marker le (if nfs access is on).
1-14
LESSON
1 I patran.ses.01
Getting Started
MSCPATRAN session le that contains the MSC/PATRAN commands you performed in this modeling session. There is an individual session le per modeling session. Similar to the session le this journal le contains all the MSC/PATRAN commands you performed in all modeling sessions for a specic database.
I exercise_1.db.jou
1-15
1-16
LESSON 2
Importing Geometry from an IGES le
Objectives:
I Import geometry from an IGES le. I Create a solid from curves and surfaces. I Tet mesh the solid.
PATRAN 301 Exercise Workbook - Release 7.5
2-1
2-2
LESSON 2
Model Description:
In this exercise you will rst create a new database and then import CAD geometry. The CAD geometry, which is in an IGES format, consists of several trimmed and simple surfaces. Note that the le you import is actually a one-quarter model of the object. By taking advantage of the symmetry of the model, the analysis is simplied. Once this IGES le is imported, you will create several new surfaces to complete the model. Then you will create a b-rep solid and tet mesh it. Shown below is a drawing of the model you will be building and suggested steps for its construction. Surface 19 Surface 18
Surface 20
Curve 1
Z X
Surface 21
2-3
Suggested Exercise Steps:

I I Create a new database and name it gadget.db. Set new model preference tolerance to Based on Model with an Approximate Maximum Model Dimension of 70. Set the analysis code to MSC/NASTRAN. Import the IGES le Gadget.igs. Using the Viewing/Named View Option and Viewing/ Transformations, change the orientation of the model to better visualize it in 3D space. Set MSC/PATRAN Display Lines to zero. Turn off all of the ID labels. Verify the boundaries using Geometry/Verify/Surface/Boundaries. Create Surfaces 18, 19, 20 and 21 using Create/Surface/Curve. See previous gure for the locations of the surface edges to use as the curves. Create Curve 1, using Autochain. See the previous gure. Create Surface 21 using Create/Surface/Trimmed. Show surface normals using Show/Surface/Attributes and edit them using Edit/Surface/Reverse so that all are pointing out from the volume. Create Solid 1 using Create/Solid/B-rep. Mesh the solid with a tet mesh, using Finite Elements/Create/Mesh/ Solid. Use a Global Edge Length of 10 and the TetMesh mesher.
I I
I I I I
I I I
I I
Exercise Procedure:
Open a New Database
1. Create a new database and call it gadget. Set the geometric tolerance to Based on Model. The Approximate Maximum Model Dimension is 70. Choose MSC/ NASTRAN as the Analysis Code and Structural as the Analysis Type.
File/New... New Database Name: OK gadget
2-4
LESSON 2

In the New Model Preference form set the following: Tolerance: Approximate Maximum Model Dimension: Analysis Code: Analysis Type: OK 2. Import the IGES le Gadget.igs. 70 MSC/NASTRAN Structural Based on Model
File/Import... Object: Source: Import File: Apply Click OK on the IGES Import Summary form when you are nished reviewing it. If the model is not visible, hold down the middle mouse button and move the mouse slightly. The model should appear in your viewscreen. 3. Use the Viewing/Named View Options command to change the display to the front view. Model IGES Gadget.igs
Import an IGES le
Viewing/Named View Options... Select Named View: Close Or click on the Front_Viewicon in the toolbar Default_View
Viewing/ NamedView Option
2-5
Now rotate the model -150 degrees about the x-axis and -60 degrees about the y-axis. After activating the Transformation form, click the icons corresponding to the desired transformation. Unless the options are changed, each click rotates the model 30 degrees. Viewing/Transformations...
Rotation about global X axis. Click ve times. Rotation about global Y axis. Click twice.
OK This view provides a clear view of the surfaces you will be working with. Save this view using Viewing/Named View Options. Viewing/Named View Options... Create View... Create View: Apply Close my_view
$# Created view my_view. ga_view_create(my_view,default_viewport) ga_view_sr_set(30.,0,0)
2-6
LESSON 2

The model should now look like the one below:
Z X
4.
Check for any missing surface on the solid model.
Display/Entity Color/Label/Render... Render Styles: Apply Shaded/Smooth
Check Missing Surface
2-7
By changing the model into a shaded image, you should be able to see the following missing surfaces:
missing surfaces
missing surfaces
sys_poll_option(0) renderstyle(Shaded/Smooth) sys_poll_option(2)
Change the model back to Wireframe. Render Styles: Apply Cancel Wireframe
2-8
LESSON 2

5. Next check that the solid model is composed completely of bounded surfaces. Geometry Action: Object: Method: Verify Surface Boundary
Verify Surface Boundaries
Select the entire model by clicking near the top left corner of the model. While holding the left button down, move it to the lower right corner. It will draw a rectangle around your model. When you release the button the entire model will turn orange. Surface List: Apply The following will be written to the history box.
sgm_incongruent_geom_display() $# Free edges and/or non-manifold edges exist. Free edges may be due to edges not matc $# Warning reported from application SGM
Surface 1:17
The markers show surface edges shared only by one surface(free edges). Therefore they outline surfaces that need to be created. You will now create four new surfaces using two different techniques. 6. To better work with the area needed, zoom in on the right half of the model.
Viewing/ Select Corners Also, you can click on the Select Corners icon in the toolbar.
Zoom in using Select Corners
2-9
A cross-shaped icon will now appear. Put it near the upper left corner and click the left mouse button. Hold the button down and slide the cursor to about the lower middle of the model. This rectangle denes the area to be zoomed into.
Z X Y
Your viewport should appear as follows
Z X Y
2-10
LESSON 2

7. Create a new surface. This surface is dened by 2 curves that are edges of other surfaces. Geometry Action: Object: Method: Option: Create Surface Curve 2 Curve
Create SurfaceCurve Method
Select the icon shown below from the Select Menu. To screen pick the surface edges, rst click on the Curve List input box, then click on the center of the surface edge.
Starting Curve List: Ending Curve List:
Surface 9.1 Surface 10.1
PATRAN 301 Exercise Workbook - Release 7.5 2-11
Note: The format for surface edges is i.j, where i is the surface ID and j is the edge number.
Surface 9.1 Surface 10.1
Z X Y
If the Auto-Execute toggle is activated, the surface will form automatically. If it is not, you need to click on Apply.
$# 1 Surface Created: Surface 18 sgm_const_surface_2curve(18,Surface 10.1,Surface 9.1,sgm_surface_2curve_created STRING sgm_surface_2curve_created_ids[VIRTUAL]
Repeat this procedure to form surface 19. Starting Curve List: Ending Curve List: Apply Surface 2.3 Surface 9.3
2-12
LESSON 2
Surface 2.3
Surface 9.3
Z X Y
8.
Change the view to facilitate easier construction of the next two surfaces.
Viewing/Fit View... Viewing/Select Corners... Or click on these two icons in the toolbar. Fit View Select Corners
Viewing/ Select Corners option
Zoom in on the area shown below by clicking the left mouse button in the upper left corner of the area you wish to enlarge, holding it down, and dragging it to the lower right corner.
ga_view_zoom_set(24.456253) ga_view_center_set(45.234890, 40.763927) $# 1 Surface Created: Surface 19
Surface 1.8
Surface 12.3
Z X Y
9.
Create SurfaceCurve Method
Now create Surface 20 by selecting the edges highlighted in the previous gure.
Geometry
Action: Object: Method: Option: Starting Curve List: Ending Curve List: 10.
Create Surface Curve 2 Curve Surface 1.8 Surface 12.3
Again we have to change the view to facilitate construction in the next step. Use Viewing/Fit View, then Viewing/Select Corners as in the previous step to zoom in on the area shown below.
Create Curve- Chain Method

2-14
Create one curve from six surface edges using Autochain. Begin the curve with Surface 1.6, shown in the next gure, and proceed counterclockwise.
Geometry
LESSON 2

Action: Object: Method: Auto Chain... Create Curve Chain
Z X Y
Surface 1.6
Once you have selected the starting curve, Patran selects an adjacent curve and marks it with a purple dot in the center of the curve. If that is the next curve in the desired chain, select OK. If it is not, select Next until the desired curve or surface edge is selected. Make sure the Auto Execute button is off.
Select a Start Curve: Apply Next
Surface 1.6
Choose Curve to Continue: OK Choose Curve to Continue: OK Next Choose Curve to Continue: OK Next Choose Curve to Continue: OK Choose Curve to Continue: OK Cancel
Surface 16.4
Surface 13.1
Surface 6.2
Surface 15.3
Surface 14.5
A chain is automatically created when a closed loop is formed.

$# No Geometry Deleted. $# 1 Curve Created: Curve 1 sgm_create_curve_chain_v1(1,Surface 1.6 Surface 16.4 Surface 13.1 Surface 6.2 Surfac
11.
Create Trimmed Surface
The next surface to be created is outlined by the curve just drawn. Geometry
Action: Object: Method: Option:
Create Surface Trimmed Planar
Screen pick the curve just created. You may need to turn on the label for the curves. Display/Entity Color/Label/Render... Curve
2-16 PATRAN 301 Exercise Workbook - Release 7.5
Label
LESSON 2

Apply Cancel In the Geometry form, to screen pick the curve, point to the identication number. Alternatively, you could type in Curve 1 in the data box. If you choose to screen pick the curve, make sure the curve icon in the select menu is selected. Outer Loop List: Apply Respond with afrmative to delete the original curves. Curve 1
$# 1 Curve Deleted: Curve 1 $? YES $# Do you wish to delete the original curves?
12.
Check again that the solid model is completely bounded by surfaces.

Geometry
Verify Surface Boundaries
Action: Object: Method:
Verify Surface Boundary
Use Viewing/Fit View to show the entire model. Click in the Surface List data box. Select the entire model by clicking near the top left corner of the model. While holding the left button down, move it to the lower right corner. It will draw a rectangle around your model. When you release the bottom, the entire model will turn orange. Surface List: Apply Surface 1:21
This time you should see no markers on the surface edges. Therefore, the surfaces represent all the faces of the enclosed volume.
$# There are no free surface edges. sgm_verify_surface_boundary(Surf 1:21,0.039999999, 1) gu_fit_view()
13.
Create B-rep solid
We have veried that all the surfaces fully enclose a volume. Now create a B-rep solid.
A B-Rep Solid is a Patran solid that stands for Boundary Representation. When a group of surfaces creates a completely enclosed volume and there are no free edges(cracks between the surfaces) Patran can build the B-Rep. Geometry Action: Object: Method: Create Solid B-rep
After clicking in the Surface List databox select the Surface icon and screen select the entire model.
Surface List:
Surface 1:21
If Auto Execute is on, the solid will be created automatically.
$# 1 Solid Created: Solid 1 sgm_construct_solid_brep(1, Surface 1:21 , FALSE, sgm_create_solid_br_created_ids) STRING sgm_create_solid_br_created_ids[VIRTUAL]
TetMesh the Solid
14.
Mesh the solid with a tet mesh. Finite Elements
Action:
Create
LESSON 2

Object: Type: Global Edge Length: Mesher: Mesh Solid 10 TetMesh
Click in the Input List databox then the Solid icon in the select menu and screen select the entire model. Input List: Apply Solid 1
$# === 813 elements created. IDs = 1:813. $# === 259 nodes created. IDs = 1:259. $# 259 nodes and 813 elements created for Solid 1.
15.
Close database and quit MSC/PATRAN to complete this exercise.
File/Quit
Close Database
2-20
LESSON 3
Geometry Model of a Connecting Rod
Objectives:
I Import geometry from an IGES le. I Create geometry in MSC/PATRAN (Phase I).
3-1
3-2
LESSON 3
Model Description:
In this exercise you will create a geometry model of a connecting rod. It will consist of surface entities. First you will import an IGES le. The le contains a surface and curves. The curves will be used to dene a trimmed surface in MSC/PATRAN.

I Create a new database and name it con_rod.db. The approximate maximum dimension for this model is 3 units. Use MSC/NASTRAN as the analysis code. I Import the IGES le named con_rod.igs. Turn off all entity labels except curves. I Chain together the outer curves in the model to create a continuous loop. I Create a second single curve by chaining together the edges of the interior surface I Create a trimmed surface using the chained curves you have created and the circular hole at the top of the connecting rod.
3-3
Exercise Procedure:
1. Create a new database and name it con_rod.db. The approximate maximum dimension for this model is 3 units. Use MSC/NASTRAN as the analysis code.
File/New Database... New Database Name OK New Model Preference Tolerance Maximum Model Dimension Analysis Code: Analysis Type OK 2. Import the IGES le con_rod.igs. Turn off all entity labels except curves. 3 MSC/NASTRAN Structural Based on Model con_rod
File/Import Object: Source: IGES Files Apply Due to the nature of the contents of the IGES le, MSCPATRAN will query as to what it should do when it nds duplicate curves. Click on No For All when prompted Do you wish to create a Duplicate Curve? The response No would continue to prompt you for each duplicate curve found. No For All suppresses any further prompts on this topic and tells MSC/PATRAN not to create any duplicate curves. The IGES Import Summary will appear when MSCPATRAN has completed the importation procedure. Review this information, then click on the OK button to close the form. Model IGES con_rod.igs
3-4
LESSON 3

After importing the le, turn on curve label by selecting the Label Control icon from the toolbar.
Controlling ID Labels
The Label Control Panel will appear and you will select the Curve icon.
Also, turn on display lines by selecting this icon
from the toolbar. Your viewport should appear as follows:

13 8 16 18 17
1 6
Display lines are used to help you visualize the surface 7 4
14 12 Y Z X 2
19 20 15 5 11 9 3 10
3.
Chain together the outer curves in the model to create a continuous loop. Geometry
Action:
Create
Object: Method:
Curve Chain
We will use Auto Chain to create the inner and outer boundaries of the trimmed surface. The Auto Chain form is activated by pressing on the corresponding button. Auto Chain... Select a Start Curve Apply Respond Yes when prompted for deletion of the original curves. Click on the repaint icon in the Main Form. Curve 9
4.
Create a second single curve by chaining together the edges of the interior surface. 16 18 17 Chain together the 6 edges of this surface 7 4 1 6
19 20 15 5 11
14
Action: Object: Method: Curve List
Create Curve Chain
Change the Select Menu icon to indicate that you will be selecting edges as opposed to curves.
3-6
LESSON 3

Click and drag a rectangle surrounding the magenta surface. Apply Respond Yes when prompted for deletion of the original curves. Click on the repaint icon.
Your model should appear as follows:
21 8
22 Y Z X
5.
Create a trimmed surface using the chained curves you have created and the circular hole at the top of the connecting rod. Create Surface Trimmed Planar
Action: Object: Method: Option:
Outer Loop List Inner Loop List
Curve 21 Curve 8 22
Use multiple picking (Shift + left mouse button) to add Curve 22 to the list. Shift click on the centroid of Curve 22. If the desired entity was not picked, use cycle picking: keep the cursor over the centroid of Curve 22 and use Shift-Right Mouse Button until the databox indicates Curve 22. Apply Notice on the above form that there are two toggle switches for deleting loops: one for the outer loop, and one for the inner loop. Therefore MSC/PATRAN will prompt you twice asking Do you wish to delete the original curves? Answer Yes both times. Your model will appear as follows:
Y Z X
To complete this exercise, close the database. File/Quit
3-8
LESSON 4
Geometry Model of a 3-D Clevis
1 Z R
Objectives:
I Create a new database. I Create geometry. I Change the graphics display.
4-1
4-2
LESSON 4
Model Description:
In this exercise you will create an analytic solid model of a clevis by dening MSCPATRAN points, curves, surfaces, solids, and a user dened coordinate system. Throughout this exercise you will become more familiar with the use of the MSCPATRAN select menu. You will also be introduced to another viewing method and shown how to change your models render style. Shown below is a drawing of the model you will build and suggested steps for its construction. 8 3/4 4 1/4
Suggested surface boundaries
y x 2 Dia 2 Radius

I Create a new database and name it Clevis.db. I Set geometry preference to PATRAN 2 convention. I Create a surface model of the top half of the clevis as shown in the front view above. Place the center of the hole at [0,0,0]. I Create solids that represent the rst third of the solid models total width. I Use the Viewing/Transformations option to change the models current view to an isometric view. I Create the bottom half of your model by mirroring all of the solids about the y-axis mirror plane located at y=0. I Create the remaining solids that represent the last two thirds of your model in the width direction (z-direction). I Turn all the entity labels off and render your model in a hidden line render style.
Exercise Procedure:
Open a New Database
1. Open a new database and name it clevis.db. File/New Database... New Database Name OK New Model Preference Tolerance OK 2. Change the geometric preference to PATRAN 2 convention. Default clevis
The PATRAN 2 Convention convention represents a special class of parameterized geometry known as parametric cubic. This option allows the user to create geometry that can be exported and imported into PATRAN 3 through the PATRAN 2 neutral les and IGES les. Preferences/Geometry... Geometric Representation Solid Origin Location Apply Cancel 3. Create a point on the inner radius of the hole in the clevis. Patran 2 Convention P3/PATRAN Convention
Create Points Using XYZ Method
Click on the Geometry switch in the Main Form. Geometry Action: Object: Method: Point Coordinates List Apply Create Point XYZ [1, 0, 0]
4-4
LESSON 4

In case you want to see the newly created point a little better, simply increase the point size through the Display/Geometry menu: Display/Geometry... Point Size: Apply Cancel Also turn on the Entity Labels. Display/Entity Color/Label/Render... Show All Entity Labels Apply Cancel 4. Use the point you just created to sweep 4 curves that will dene the upper half of the radius of the hole in the clevis. Create Curve Revolve 180 4 Point 1 5
Action: Object: Method: Total Angle Curves per Point Point List Apply
Creating a Curve Using the Revolve Method
If the Auto Execute button is on you do not need to press Apply
4-5
Curves 1 through 4 can now be seen in the Viewport.
3 3 2
Y Z X
Translation using Curvilinear Transformation
5.
You will now use Curvilinear Transformation to create the outer radius of the lug by radially translating the curves that dene a quarter of the hole.
To accomplish this you will rst need to create a cylindrical coordinate frame located at the center of the hole. Action: Object: Method: Type Apply This process was rather simple, since the origin, Z-axis, and XZ plane of the desired coordinate system were already dened by default on the form. Action: Object: Method: Type of Transformation Transform Curve Translate Curvilinear in Refer.CF Create Coord 3Point Cylindrical
Transform Create a a Curve by Cylindrical Translation Coordinate System
4-6
LESSON 4

Refer. Coordinate Frame Translation Vector Curve List Apply Coord 1 <1, 0, 0> Curve 1 2
Curves 5 and 6 appear in the viewport.
8 6
3 3 2 5 4 2
4 T
Y 5 Z X
1 Z
6.
You have now created all the curves that you will need to complete your clevis model. Next, you will create the necessary surfaces for the model. You will start by creating a 4x2 Surface that denes part of the upper half of the clevis body. Create Surface XYZ <-4, 2, 0>
Create a Surface
Action: Object: Method: Vector Coordinate List
Origin Coordinate List Apply Turn display lines on:
[-2, 0, 0]
7.
Create a Surface using the Curve Method
The next series of Surfaces will be created using the Curve Method. This is very similar to the 2L option of PATRAN 2.5, but has been expanded to allow more exibility. We will see why it is now called the Curve Method and not the Line Method.
Lets start on familiar ground: a surface between 2 Lines. Action: Object: Method: Option Starting Curves List Ending Curve List Create Surface Curve 2 Curve Curve 1, 2 Curve 5, 6
In most MSCPATRAN forms the default setting for the Auto Execute button is on. If the form executes before you have entered all the data correctly, the undo button will undo what you have just created. Turn off the Auto Execute button and redo your selection. If the Auto Execute switch is off and the curves have been selected, hit: Apply To create the next surface you will use the Select Menu to help you dene an existing curve and surface edge as the boundaries of the new surface. Starting Curves List Curve 4
Next, click in the Ending Curve List databox, and then select the Surface Edge icon on the select menu.
4-8
LESSON 4

In the viewport, pick the edge of Surface 1 as shown in the gure below.
Pick Here
If the Auto Execute switch is off, click on the Apply button to create the surface. Surface 4 appears in the Viewport. To create the nal surface, you will utilize the Select Menu to dene the ending curve as a line between two dened Points. Change the Starting Curve List to Curve 3. Remember to select the curve icon from the Select Menu before you select Curve 3.
Starting Curves List
Curve 3
Click in the Ending Curve List databox. Select the 2-point icon in the Select Menu.
2-point icon
4-9
In the viewport, pick Points 8 and 10 as shown below. Point 8 Point 10
Patran will evaluate the location of Points 8 and 10 and create a theoretical curve between them. This denes the second curve. Click on: Apply Surface 5 appears in the Viewport. 8. You will now use the Surfaces you have just created as patterns to dene solids (3-dimensional entities). Create Solid Normal 0.25 Select all on Screen
Action: Object: Method: Thickness Surface List Apply
Solids 1 through 5 will appear in your Viewport.
View using the Transformation Option

4-10
9.
To obtain a more descriptive view of the solids you will now change the models view by using the new interface to the Transformations View option.
LESSON 4

Click on Viewing in the Main Form and select Transformations from the pull-down menu. The following form appears. Transformations
Screen Relative
Options... OK
Click once on
and once on
to rotate the view 30o about the screens y-axis and 30o about the screens x-axis respectively. Your model should now be oriented similar to the one shown below (the picture below has display lines on). Click on the OK button to close the Transformation form.
4-11
You will now perform a series of transformations on the solids to create the remainder of your geometry model.
Transform Using Mirror Method
10.
Create the lower half of this part of the clevis model. Transform Solid Mirror
Click in the Dene Mirror Plane Normal databox. Notice that the mirror plane is no longer limited to solely X, Y, or Z and that now mirroring can be performed about any arbitrary mirror normal vector dened by a base and a tip The mirror plane for this model is the global XZ-plane. The vector perpendicular to that plane points in the global Y-direction. Notice that global Y is aligned with the 2 direction of your local coordinate
4-12
LESSON 4

frame 1. To use the 2-axis to identify the orientation of the mirror plane, select the icon indicating coordinate axis 2 from the Select Menu as shown below.
Click here
Next, select Coordinate Frame 1 in your viewport. Click in the Solid List databox of the Geometry form and select all solids in the Viewport.
4-13
Solids 6 through 10 appear in the Viewport as shown below.
Transform using the Translate Method
11.
The remaining solids will be created using the translate method. Transform Solid Translate < 0, 0, -.25> 2
Action: Object: Method: Translation Vector Repeat Count
Translating the solids in two steps is the trick for creating congruent geometry which is needed for the meshers. Solid List Apply Solids 11 through 14 appear in the Viewport. Solid 1, 6
4-14
LESSON 4

Your last construction step is to translate copies of the solids that surround the hole to create the nal solids. Click in the Translation Vector databox. From the Select Menu pick the tip and base points icon.
To dene the translation vector, pick Point 10 then Point 40 as shown below.Use Select Corners icon from the toolbar. Select Corners Fit View
After selecting the points use Fit View icon to zoom out. Point 40
Point 10
Y Z
47 41 15 11 46 40 14 10 8 5 5 4 4 45 39 13 9 9 50 44 28 26 X 21
48 42 16 12
1 1
13 11
49 43 27 25 Y
14 12
6 3 3 19 22 23 7 4 3 3 2 T 4 20 2 24 5 2 5 1 2 1 R 1 17 Z 38 18 37 6 31 7 35 29 33 10 8 32 30 36 34
4-15
Change the Repeat Count to 1. Click in the Solid List databox. In your Viewport, select all solids that surround the hole. Solids 15 through 22 appear in the viewport. The model is now complete. Next you will practice changing the rendering style of your model.
Close the Database
12.
To complete this exercise, you will close the database.
File/Quit This will exit MSC/PATRAN and close your le. Do not delete the database from your directory since you will use it for future exercises.
4-16
LESSON 5
Views of a 3-D Clevis
Objectives:
I To become familiar with different view options. I To create and modify z-axis and arbitrary clipping planes.
5-2
LESSON 5
Model Description:
In this exercise you will view the 3-D clevis model from different positions using mouse movement and Named View Options, and change the render style. You will also learn how to dene z-axis and arbitrary clipping planes. These are used to view cross sections of the model.

I Open the old database clevis.db. I Change the models render style to smooth shaded. I View the model from different angles. I Use the middle mouse button to change the models orientation I Change the mouse settings to translate and zoom in on the model, then change back to the default rotate x/y setting. I Use the z-clipping planes to view a slice of the model. I Change the view to MSC/PATRANs predened top view. Create two arbitrary clipping planes and name them clip_1 and clip_2. I Modify their direction and location as follows: Table 1: Name
clip_1 clip_2
Direction
<-1, 0, -1> <1, 0, 0>
Location
[-1, 0, 0] [-3, 0, 0]
Move with model

Yes Yes
Icon on
Yes Yes
I Change to isometric view to observe the effects of the clipping planes. I Return to the top view and then change clip_2 so that it no longer moves with the model. Change to isometric view and notice the effect this has on the model. I Change the orientation of clip_1 using the icons on the form. I Unpost the clipping planes and return the model to the isometric view and wireframe render style.
PATRAN 301 Exercise Workbook Release 7.5 5-3
Exercise Procedure:
1. Open the old database clevis.db.
File/Open Database... Existing Database Name OK It may be necessary to click on the lter button to update the Database List so clevis.db is displayed. 2. Change the models render style to smooth shaded. clevis.db
Click on the smooth shaded icon on the Main Form to change the render style.
You can also do this on the Main Form by selecting Display/Entity Color/Label/Render Render Style: Apply Shaded/Smooth
5-4
LESSON 5

Your model should look like this
3.
View the model from different angles.
Try viewing different orientations of the model by using the icons on the Main Form as shown below.
Re-Orientthe Model
Front View
Top View
Back to Isometric View
You can also access these views through Viewing/Named View Options. 4. Use the middle mouse button to change the models orientation
Move the mouse cursor to the approximate center of the viewport. Click and hold down the center mouse button without sliding the mouse either horizontally or vertically. While holding the center mouse button down slowly move the mouse to the right. Release the mouse button.
PATRAN 301 Exercise Workbook Release 7.5
5-5
Repeat the same procedure but slowly move the mouse forward. Preferences/Mouse... Transformation Options... You will see that the default rotations are relative to the screen coordinate system. Therefore horizontal and vertical movement of the mouse causes the model to rotate about the screen x- and y-axes. Both forms are shown below for your reference.
Mouse Settings Viewing Functions Rotate X/Y Rotate Z Pan X/Y Zoom
Transform in Wireframe Transform with Edges Mouse Tracking Spin Model Transformation Options
30
Rotation increment (deg)
Model Relative Screen Relative
.3
Pan factor .5 Zoom factor Reset
Transformation Options... OK OK Cancel
Cancel OK With this conguration, the middle mouse button will rotate your model in the XY plane of the screen coordinate system. You can change the middle mouse button to rotate about Z, pan and zoom the model, or use the Main Form icons, as we will learn next.
Changing Mouse Settings
5.
Change the middle mouse button settings to translate and zoom the model when moving the mouse, then change back to the default rotate x/y setting.
From the toolbar on the Main Form, click on the Mouse translate XY icon which will change its function to translate. Hold the middle mouse button down and move the mouse around to translate the
5-6
LESSON 5

model. Next, click on the Mouse zoom icon, hold the middle mouse button down and zoom the model in and out. To return to the default setting, click on the Mouse rotate XY icon.
Mouse translate XY
Mouse zoom
Mouse rotate XY
6.
Return the model to an isometric view then use the zclipping planes to view a slice of the model. Turn off the zclipping planes.
Clipping Planes
Click on the Iso 1 View icon from the Main Form to return to an isometric view.
Iso 1 View Viewing/Clipping/Perspective... Clipping Capping
5-7
These radio button switches to enable the MSC/PATRAN z-axis front and back clipping planes and face capping. With the mouse move the red clipping plane graphics towards the center of the blue clevis model icon in the Clipping/Perspective form as shown in the form below. The z-axis clipping planes are positioned along the screen z-axis. Clipping/Perspective
Back Clipping Plane (red) Front Clipping Plane (red)
Z Min = -4.4422512. Clipping Back Clipping Plane -2.21551
Z Max = 1.8109422 Capping Front Clipping Plane 0.240817
Perspective View Plane Distance 0 Observer Position 3.62188
Defaults Apply Reset Cancel
5-8
LESSON 5

Using the mouse, change the models view orientation. Notice that as you move the model the z-axis clipping planes remain stationary and the model passes through the clipping planes as shown in the gure below.
Turn off the z-axis clipping planes by clicking on the Clipping switch. Click on Cancel to close the form. 7. Change the view to the top view. Create two arbitrary clipping planes and name them clip_1 and clip_2.
Click on the Top View icon from the Main Form.
Viewing/Arbitrary Clipping... Create... New Clipping Plane Name OK clip_1
5-9
Repeat this process with the name clip_2.
Arbitrary Clipping Planes
8.
clip_1
Modify and post each of the clipping planes just created using the settings shown in Table 1 on page 5-3.
In the Post/Unpost Clipping Planes listbox highlight the clip_1 clipping plane. Let us review the highlighting procedure (posting) in a list box. The selection is usually done as a combination of a mouse click simultaneously with a key board press. The following table summarizes these combination. Item(s) to pick Single item pick. A block of items. Method point + click L.M.B.* click L.M.B. at top item, while the button is down scroll down to the last item. use L.M.B. + shift key on the rst and last item in the block. use L.M.B. + control key at every item to be picked. L.M.B. + control key
Multiple picking of individual items. Random picking of item. To unpost an item

*L.M.B. is left mouse button
Change the Target Clipping Plane option button to clip_1. Target Clipping Plane: Clipping Plane Attributes clip_1 Move With Model Display Direction Icon This attaches the plane to the model and displays the icon to show its position and direction. Direction Location Apply < -1, 0, -1 > [ -1, 0, 0 ]
5-10
LESSON 5

Your Clevis model should appear like the following gure.
Next, change the Target Clipping Plane option menu to clip_2. In the Post/Unpost Clipping Plane listbox highlight clip_1 and clip_2 clipping planes. Target Clipping Plane: Clipping Plane Attributes clip_2 Move With Model Display Direction Icon Direction Location Apply < 1, 0, 0> [ -3, 0, 0 ]
5-11
Your clevis model should be clipped as shown in the following gure.
Using the Main Form icon Iso 1 View, change to an isometric view to observe the effects of the two clipping planes.
5-12
LESSON 5

9. Return to the top view and then change clip_2 so that it no longer moves with the model. Notice the effect this has on the model.
Using the Main Form icon, change to a Top view of the model.
Target Clipping Plane: Clipping Plane Attributes Apply
clip_2 Move With Model
With the Move with Model option set to off, clipping planes direction is dened with respect to the screen coordinate axis and not the model axis (default). Change to Iso 1 View to observe the effects of the two clipping planes. 10. Change the orientation of clip_1 using the icons on the form.
Target the clip_1 clipping plane and practice changing its direction by using the rotation icons located at the center of the form. 11. Unpost the clipping planes and return the model to the isometric view and wireframe render style.
Turn off clip_1 and clip_2 by unhighlighting their names in the Post/ Unpost Clipping Planes listbox (Hint: use the control key) and clicking on the Apply button. Click on the Cancel button to close the form. Return the model to Wireframe render style before you close the database. File/Quit
5-13
5-14
LESSON 6
Display Exercise
Objectives:
I Become familiar with various display options. I Create and use your own named attribute sets. I Add text to display.
6-2
LESSON 6
Display Exercise
Model Description:
In this exercise you will access the MSC/PATRAN model used in your rst exercise and practice modifying its render style with various display options. You will also learn how to dene titles for the model and identify MSC/PATRAN entities by highlighting them.

I Create a new database and name it display.db. I Play the session le exercise_1.ses to build the model. I Change the display attributes. -Set all entity labels off, turn surface labels on and change the render style to Shaded/Flat, then back to Wireframe. -Adjust the Geometric display properties to: I Display Lines = 0. I Parametric Directions = ON. I Chordal Tolerance = 1.0. -Inspect the display of the model, then set: I Chordal Tolerance = 0.005. I Geometric Shrink = 0.30. -Add text to the display. Create the title, This is a test title, using a Font Size of 18 and a Color of Red. I Use Highlighting to identify different entities in the display, like identifying the location of solids 19 & 23.
6-3
Exercise Procedure:
1. Create a new database and name it display.db.
File/New Database... New Database Name OK New Model Preference Tolerance OK 2. Play the session le, exercise_1.ses to build your model. Default display
File/Session/Play... Play From File Apply After your model has been created it should look like the one shown in the gure below. exercise_1.ses
6-4
LESSON 6
Display Exercise
3. Turn on the surface labels
Display/Entity Color/Label/Render... Entity Types Colors and Labels Surface: Apply 4. Change the render style to shaded/at, and change the shade color. Label
On the Entity Color/Label/Render form Render Style: Shade Color: Apply Your model should now look similar to the one shown below. Shaded/Flat Any Color
Change Render Style
6-5
5.
Change the display back to Wireframe, turn the parametric direction display on. Set the chordal tolerance to 1.0. Change the chordal tolerance back to 0.005 (default) and re-render the model.
Display/Geometry Show Parametric Direction Apply Your model should look like the one shown below.
6-6
LESSON 6
Display Exercise
Change the Chordal Tolerance databox to 1.0 and click on the Apply button to see the change. Your model should look like the one shown below.
As you can now see, the Chordal Tolerance affects the number of line segments that are used to render the graphic image of your model. Reset the Chordal Tolerance databox back to its default value of 0.001. Note: Chordal Tolerance only effects the screens geometric representation, not the actual geometry. 6. Render the model with the Geometric Shrink set to 0.30.
Chordal Tolerance
Geometric Shrink
6-7
Change the Geometric Shrink slidebar to 0.3 and click on the Apply button to see the changes. Your model should now look like the one shown below.
Click on the Cancel button to close the form.
Adding a Title
7.
Create the title, This is a test title using a Font Size of 18, and post it at the center of the viewport. Modify its color from white to red. Move the title.
Display/Titles... Target Title Create Font Size Title Color 18 red This is a test title
Select the title with the left mouse button and holding it down, move the title location to a different position. Click on the Close button to close the Titles form.
6-8
LESSON 6
Display Exercise
8. Without turning on the solid ID labels, identify the location of solids 19 and 23 by Highlighting them. Remove all highlighting from your model.
Highlighting
There are two ways this can be accomplished. The rst is by turning on the Preselection Highlighting in the Preferences/Picking form. There is Label and Entity Highlighting that can be activated. The preselection settings work by highlighting the entity label or the entity itself as the mouse passes over it and before it is selected. This way you know what entity you are selecting before you actually click on it. The form is shown below. Picking Preferences
Single Picking
N Centroid N N Entity
Entity Picking Cursor Rectangle/Polygon Picking
N Enclose entire entity N Enclose any portion of entity N N Enclose centroid N

Cycle picking form Horizontal select menus Popup select menus Preselection Settings Label Highlighting Entity Highlighing 10 Node/Point Marker Size
Close
6-9
The second way is to click on Display in the Main Form and select Highlight from the pull-down menu. By referring to the forms and gure below, identify the solid shown in the gure by highlighting it with a mouse pick. Highlighting
Selected Entities
First click here
Highlight
Clear All
OK
Second click here
Third click here
Fourth click this solid
When you click on the solid at the top left of the model MSCPATRAN highlights the solid and prints its ID in the Selected Entities data box of the Highlighting form. Click on the Clear All button to unhighlight
LESSON 6
Display Exercise
the solid. This process can be performed in reverse to identify where a particular solid exists in the model. For example, in the Selected Entities databox, enter Solid 23. Next, click on the Highlight button to show the solids location.
Solid 23 will be highlighted
Click on the Clear All button to remove the highlighting, click on the OK button to close the Highlighting form. File/Quit
6-11
6-12
LESSON 7
Finite Element Model of a 3-D Clevis
Objectives:
I Apply a nonuniform mesh seed near a critical location of the model. I Apply a global mesh to the seeded model.
LESSON 7
Model Description:
In this exercise you will dene a nite element mesh for the Clevis model you developed earlier. You will use mesh seeding to create a rened mesh with a higher mesh density near the bottom of the hole where you will apply a force load in a future exercise.
Mesh Seed 6 elements per edge L2/L1 = 0.5 Finite Element Mesh Global Edge Length = 0.5 HEX8 elements
L1 L2
Figure 7-1

I Start MSCPATRAN and open the database Clevis.db. I Using an isometric view of your model, zoom in on the lower half of the clevis hole. Save this view as a named view. Use the name zoom_in. I To further simplify the rendering of your clevis model you will now turn off the display lines so only the models boundaries are shown. I Create the mesh seeds needed to increase the mesh density in the area where the distributed load will be applied. I Create a nite element mesh using the element topology and size listed in the diagram above.
7-3
Exercise Procedure:
1. Start MSCPATRAN and open the database Clevis.db.
File/Open Database... Existing Database Name OK 2. Using an isometric view of your model, zoom in on the lower half of the clevis hole. Save this view as a named view. Use the name zoom_in. Clevis.db
There are two ways to get an isometric view of your model. The first is to click on the isometric view icon in the toolbar and the second is under Viewing on the Main Menu bar.
Viewing/Named View Options... Select Named View Close Viewing/Select Corners isometric_view
Create a Named View
When the cursor changes to a plus sign (+) select the lower half of the front clevis hole, as shown in the gure below, by clicking on a corner of the desired view rectangle (remember, click and hold down the left
LESSON 7

mouse button), and dragging the mouse cursor to the position of the diagonally opposite corner of the view rectangle. Releasing the left mouse button gives the new view.
Since you will need this view in a future exercise, save it by creating a named view of the models current orientation. Viewing/Named View Options... Create View... Create New View Apply The Named View Options form will now list your new saved view. Click on the scroll bar down arrow of the Select Named View listbox to display your new view then close the form. Close zoom_in
7-5
Create a Nonuniform Mesh Seed
3.
Create the mesh seeds needed to increase the mesh density in the area where the distributed load will be applied, as shown in the gure below. Finite Elements
Action: Object: Type: Num Elems and L2/L1
Create Mesh Seed One Way Bias
This selection allows you to specify the number of elements and their varying size along an edge of an entity. The symbol L2/L1 represents the ratio of the length of the last element to that of the rst element along the edge. The directionality of the edges is shown by the cyan arrows that appear on the model when you enter this form. Number = L2/L1 = Curve List 6 2 See gure below
And here
Click here
LESSON 7

Next, you will select the adjacent edges shown in the following gure. Before you select the edges notice that the directionality of these edges is the same as that of the edges just selected. To obtain a symmetric mesh seed about the lowest point of the hole you must invert the L2/ L1 ratio, by changing its current value to 0.5 (or -2). Change the value, select the two edges, and click on Apply.
Click here And here
Before creating the models nite element mesh, zoom out so you can see the entire model. Click on Viewing in the Main Form and select Fit View from the pulldown menu or click on the Fit View icon.
4.
Create a nite element mesh using the element topology and size listed below. Create Mesh Solid
Mesh the Model
Action: Object: Type:
7-7
Global Edge Length Solid List Apply
0.5 Select All in Viewport
Your clevis model should look like the one shown below.
File/Close
LESSON 8
(Another) Finite Element Model of a 3-D Clevis
Objectives:
I Use Chaining to create a Curve. I Create a Trimmed Surface. I Sweep a Surface Mesh to create Solid elements. I Use the Finite Elements Transform option.
8-2
LESSON 8
Another F. E. Model of a 3-D Clevis
Model Description:
In this exercise you will create a geometry model of one face of the now famous clevis. It will consist of a simple surface and a planar trimmed surface. You will create a quad mesh on these surfaces, then extrude that mesh to create solid elements. Finally you will translate elements to complete the model.
3/4
1/4
Inner and outer loops to dene the enclosed trimmed surface.
4 y x
Patch
2 Dia
2 Radius

I Create a new database and name it deja_vu.db. The approximate maximum model dimension is 8 units. Use MSC/NASTRAN for the Analysis Code. I Create a surface to dene the body of the clevis and lines to dene the outer and inner bounds of the surface with a hole. I Chain together the outer curves to create one continuous loop, and the curves dening the hole to create a second, continuous loop. I Create a trimmed surface using the outer loop and the circular hole. I Mesh the simple surface using isomesh, and the trimmed surface using paver. Then extrude the meshes to dene the thicknesses of their respective portions of the clevis. I Transform the mesh in the region dening the hole to complete the clevis nite element model.
Exercise Procedure:
1. Create a new database and name it deja_vu.db. The approximate maximum model dimension is 8 units. Use MSC/NASTRAN for the Analysis Code.
File/New Database... New Database Name OK New Model Preference Tolerance Approximate Maximum Model Dimension Analysis Code OK 2. Construct a surface to dene the body of the clevis and curves to dene the outer and inner bounds of the surface with a hole. Based on Model 8 MSC/NASTRAN deja_vu
Create the rst surface that will form the body of the clevis. Geometry Action: Object: Method: Vector Coordinate List Apply This will create a 4x4 square plane surface at the global origin. Now you will dene the remaining boundaries of the clevis; rst, the hole. Action: Object: Method: Create Curve Revolve Create Surface XYZ <4, 4, 0>
8-4
LESSON 8

The center of the hole is at x = 6 and y = 2. This will be the base of your rotation vector. To rotate about the positive z-axis, the tip of your rotation vector should dene a point in that direction. Click in the Axis data box and update its contents to {[6 2 0] [6 2 1]}. The 2 sets of brackets dene an axis to the MSC/ PATRAN list processor. Axis Total Angle {[6, 2, 0] [6, 2, 1]} 360
You can dene any point on the circle as the point to sweep. For example click in the Point List data box and type [5 2 0]. Point List Apply Now you will dene the outer boundaries. Total Angle Point List 180 [6, 0, 0] [5, 2, 0]
Create the nal two curves to close the outer boundary. Action: Object: Method: Create Curve Point
Turn on curve label by selecting the Label Control icon from the toolbar.
The Label Control Panel will appear and you will select the Curve icon.
8-5
Also, turn on display lines by selecting this icon from the toolbar.
Make straight curves between the point locations shown in the gure below. Connect these two points
2 3 7
Y 1 Z X
and these two points 3. Chain together the outer curves to create one continuous loop, and the curves dening the hole to create a second, continuous loop.
Chaining to Create Curves
The outer boundary of the clevis model will be dened as a single curve by chaining the different segments of the outer boundary. Action: Object: Method: Curve List Apply See gure on next page for curve locations. Select Yes when prompted for deletion of the original curves. Create Curve Chain Curve 4, 3, 2 Surface 1.3
8-6
LESSON 8
Then change Select menu icon and pick this edge

2 3
Pick curves rst
1 Y Z X
4.
Now, create the planar trim surface, using the outer and inner loops. Create Surface Trimmed Planar Select the curve you just created Select the inner circle
Action: Object: Method: Option Outer Loop List Inner Loop List Apply
Create a Trimmed Surface
Select Yes when asked if you want to delete the original curves.
8-7
Your model will appear as shown below.

2 3 7
1 Y Z X
5.
Mesh the simple surface (green) using the isomesher, and the trimmed surface (magenta) using the paver. Then extrude the mesh through the thickness as is appropriate.
Click on the Finite Elements radio button in the Main Form. Finite Elements Action: Object: Method: Global Edge Length Use Isomesh for Surface 1. Use Paver for Surface 2. Apply Now you will sweep the surface elements to create solid elements. Create Mesh Surface 0.25
Sweeping Finite Elements

Sweep Element Normal
LESSON 8

In the Mesh Control form change... Number OK Normal Length Delete Original Elements Base Entity List Surface 1 0.75 3
On the Select Menu, pick the Meshed Entity icon, then
pick the Meshed Surface icon.
Then select Surface 1. Apply On the Finite Elements form select Mesh Control..., Mesh Control... Number OK Normal Length Delete Original Elements Base Entity List Apply 6. Transform the mesh in the region dening the hole to complete the clevis nite element model. Surface 2 0.25 1
Now to create the other side of the clevis. Action: Transform

Translating Finite Elements

8-9
Object: Method: Translation Vector Element List
Element Translate <0, 0, 0.5>
Click in the Element List databox and select all the hex elements extruded from the mesh on Surface 2. Apply Change the view to Isometric, and the Render Style to Hidden Line.
You may have pieces that appear to be missing in the Hidden Line Render Style. What is happening here is the FEM and the Geometry both exist in the same exact space. MSC/PATRAN does not know which one should be displayed over the other, hence the error of missing pieces in your viewport. To correct this erase all Geometry. Display/Plot/Erase... Erase All Geometry OK Quit Patran to complete this exercise. File/Quit
LESSON 9
Verication and Property Assignment
Objectives:
I Prepare the model for analysis by eliminating duplicate nodes and verifying element attributes. I Apply material and element properties.
9-1
9-2
LESSON 9
Model Description:
This exercise continues to prepare the clevis model for analysis. You will remove duplicate nodes, check the hex elements aspect ratio, and optimize the nite element model. You will also input material and element properties for the model.

I Start MSCPATRAN and open your old le, Clevis.db. I Check the model for internal free edges which indicate where cracks exist in your model. I Equivalence the Clevis model and then verify the element boundaries. I Verify the Hex elements aspect ratio using a threshold value of 2.0. I Select the analysis code P3/ADVANCEDFEA. I Create an Isotropic material, named Steel, which uses a Linear Elastic Constitutive Model. The Steels Elastic Modulus and Poissons Ratio are respectively 30E6 and 0.30. I Create a 3-D element property named, Solid_Elements_Steel, for the entire model which includes the steel material denition.
9-3
Exercise Procedure:
1. Start MSCPATRAN and open your old le, Clevis.db.
File/Open Database... Existing Database Name OK Clevis.db
Verify Element Boundaries
2.
Check the model for internal free edges which indicate where cracks exist in your model. Finite Elements
Action: Object: Test: Apply
Verify Element Boundaries
MSCPATRAN will render your models free edges as yellow lines. Your model should look like the one shown below.
9-4
LESSON 9

Notice that prior to equivalencing, all geometric boundaries appear as free edges (cracks) in your model. MSC/Patran denes free edges as an edge that is shared by only one element. Click on the Reset Graphics button to rerender your model in its original render style.
3.
Equivalence the Clevis model and then verify the element boundaries.
Equivalence
By equivalencing the model, all duplicate nodes will be removed. Hence, the nite element model represents the object as a single solid piece. Action: Object: Method: Apply As the equivalencing process proceeds, the locations which have been modied will be identied by circles. Verify the Element Boundaries again. Now you should only see the exterior edges of the clevis, as shown in the gure below. Equivalence All Tolerance Cube
9-5
Aspect Ratio Verication
4.
Verify the Hex elements aspect ratio using a threshold value of 2.0. Verify Hex Aspect
Next, set the Aspect Ratio slide bar value to approximately 2.0. Apply This will color code the Hex elements based on their Aspect Ratio values. Any element with an Aspect Ratio greater than or equal to 2.0 will be colored red according to the default spectrum. Remember to Reset Graphics before performing the next step.
9-6
LESSON 9

5. Set the analysis code to MSC/ADVANCED_FEA.
Preferences/Analysis... Analysis Code OK 6. Create an Isotropic material, named Steel, which uses a Linear Elastic Constitutive Model. The materials Elastic Modulus and Poissons Ratio are 30E6 and 0.30, respectively. Materials Action: Object: Method: Material Name Input Properties... Constitutive Model Elastic Modulus Poissons Ratio Apply You will know the model has been created when the Current Constitutive Model list is updated. Cancel 7. Create a 3-D element property named, Solid_Elements_Steel, for the entire model which includes the steel material denition. Properties Action: Dimension: Type: Create 3D Solid Elastic 30E6 0.3 Create Isotropic Manual Input steel MSC/ADVANCED_FEA
Selecting an Analysis Code
Create Element Properties
9-7
Property Set Name Input Properties...
solid_elements_steel
In the Input Properties form click in the Material Name data box. The material properties available for selection will appear in the Material Property Sets list. Select the proper material from the list. The selected material name will appear with the prex m: in the Material Name data box. Input Properties
Solid Property Name Material Name [Orientation System] [Orientation Axis] [Orientation Angle] Value Value Type Mat Prop Name CID Real Scalar Integer
m:steel
Material Property Sets Steel
OK
OK Select Members Add Apply File/Quit

Select All Geometry
LESSON 10
Spatial And Temporal Variation of Loads
Objective:
I To model spatially and temporally varying applied loads.
10-1
10-2
LESSON 10
Model Description:
In this exercise you will create a simple at plate model and then apply a pressure load that is a function of both time and spatial location.
10
[0,0,0] 10 x Analysis Code: Element type: Element Global Edge Length: Pressure Loading: MSC/NASTRAN Quad4 1.0
P(x,y,z,t) = 100sinr(x/10) sinr(y/10) cosr(10t) where, 0 x 10; 0 y 10; 0 t 2; use 30 time increments; =3.14159
Figure 11-1
10-3

I Create a new database named variable_loads.db. I Change the Tolerance to Default and the Analysis Code to MSC/NASTRAN. I Create the geometry and nite element mesh using the information in Figure 11-1. I Create a time dependent load case named my_load_case_1. I Dene a Spatial eld named, pressure_spatial: 100*sinr(3.14159*X/10)*sinr(3.14159*Y/10). I Dene a Time-dependent eld named, pressure_temporal: cosr(10*t). I Verify both elds by showing an XY-plot of the elds. I Create a pressure load, named pressure_1, and include it in the time dependent load case, my_load_case_1. Use the spatially and temporally varying elds to dene the pressure variation and apply the pressure to the top surface of all the elements. I Turn off the pressure labels so that only the pressure vectors are displayed. I Turn off the pressure vectors and then verify the specied pressure loading by plotting contours of the pressure load.
10-4
LESSON 10
Exercise Procedure:
1. Create a new database and name it variable_loads.db. File/New Database... New Database Name OK 2. Change the Tolerance to Default and the Analysis Code to MSCNASTRAN. variable_loads
New Model Preference Tolerance Analysis Code: OK 3. Create the geometry and nite element mesh using the information in Figure 11-1. Geometry Action: Object: Method: Vector Coordinate List Origin Coordinate List Apply Create Surface XYZ <10, 10, 0> [0, 0, 0] Default MSC/NASTRAN
Create a surface
10-5
The surface is shown in the gure below.
Y Z X
Mesh the model
Now create the mesh for the model. Finite Elements Action: Object: Type: Global Edge Length Element Topology Surface List Apply 1.0 Quad 4 Surface 1 Create Mesh Surface
10-6
LESSON 10

Your nite element model should look like the one shown in the gure below.
Y Z X
4.
Create a time dependent load case named my_load_case_1.
Before you create the time dependent pressure load you must create a time-dependent load case. Load Cases Action: Load Case Name Load Case Type Apply The temporal and spatial elds will be created in two separate elds. Create my_load_case_1 Time Dependent
Create Load Case
10-7
5.
Create a Spatially Dependent Field
Dene a Spatial eld named, pressure_spatial: 100*sinr(3.14159*X/10)*sinr(3.14159*Y/10). Fields
Action: Object: Method: Field Name Field Type Scalar Function (X Y Z)
Create Spatial PCL Function pressure_spatial Scalar
100*sinr(3.14159*X/10)*sinr(3.14159*Y/10) Notice that the X and Y are preceded with a single quote and they are capitalized. In addition, the acceptable PCL syntax is written above the Scalar Function databox. Below the Scalar Function databox, the Independent Variables are listed. Selecting any of these variables will automatically place it into the equation with the appropriate syntax. Apply 6. Dene a Time-Dependent eld named pressure_temporal: cosr(10*t). Create Non-Spatial Tabular Input pressure_temporal Time
Create a TimeDependent Field
Action: Object: Method: Field Name Active Independent Variables Input Data... Map Function to Table... PCL Expression f(t) Start Time End Time Number of Points
cosr(10*t) 0.0 2.0 30
10-8
LESSON 10

Apply Cancel OK Apply 7. Verify the created elds using an XY-plot. Show pressure_temporal
Action: Select Field to Show Specify Range... Use Existing Points OK Apply
Verify the Created Field
The XY plot is shown in the gure below.
A table called Plotted Curves will also be displayed, showing the actual data points plotted. Hit the Cancel button to close this form, or move it to the side.
10-9
To plot the pressure_spatial eld, highlight it under Select Fields to Show. You may choose only one independent variable for the XY plots which means one of the variables will be held constant, while the other varies between user dened values. For example, in the Specify Range form set X values between 0 and 10, and the number of points to 30. Set the range for Y values between 0 and 10, and use 5 sets. The 5 sets for the Y scale represent the number of curves in the plot. Click on OK to close form and click on Apply to create and post the XY plot. The Y=0 and Y=10 curves are along the bottom axis and are difcult to see. Since the loading is symmetric, the Y=2.5 and Y =7.5 curves are identical and lie on top of each other. Only 1 color is plotted. A way to display the spatially varying pressure as a contour plot will be shown next.
LEGEND
pressure_spatial- Y=0. pressure_spatial- Y=10. pressure_spatial- Y=2.5 pressure_spatial- Y=5. pressure_spatial- Y=7.5 pressure_temporal
100.
80.0
60.0
40.0
20.0
0.
-20.0 0. 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.0 12.0
When you are done viewing the xy plot, click on the Unpost Current XY Plot button.
10-10
LESSON 10

8. Create a pressure load, named pressure_1, and include it in the time dependent load case, my_load_case_1. Use the spatial and temporal elds to dene the pressure variation and apply the pressure to the top surface of all the elements. Load/BCs Action: Object: Type: New Set Name Current Load Case Target Element Type: Input Data... Top Surf Pressure Time Dependence OK Select Application Region... Geometry Filter Select 2D Elements or Edges Add OK Apply The pressure load set markers are drawn normal to the elements as shown in the gure below. Note that the view has been changed to FEM Select All Elements f:pressure_spatial f:pressure_temporal Create Pressure Element Uniform pressure_1 my_load_case_1 2D
Specify a Variable Load
10-11
Iso 1 View so that the normal vectors can be seen clearly.
2.447 7.102 11.06 13.94 15.45 15.45 13.94 11.06 7.102 2.447
7.102 20.61 32.10 40.45 44.84 44.84 40.45 32.10 20.61 7.102
11.06 32.10 50.00 63.00 69.84 69.84 63.00 50.00 32.10 11.06
13.94 40.45 63.00 79.39 88.00 88.00 79.39 63.00 40.45 13.94
15.45 44.84 69.84 88.00 97.55 97.55 88.00 69.84 44.84 15.45
15.45 44.84 69.84 88.00 97.55 97.55 88.00 69.84 44.84 15.45
13.94 40.45 63.00 79.39 88.00 88.00 79.39 63.00 40.45 13.94
11.06 32.10 50.00 63.00 69.84 69.84 63.00 50.00 32.10 11.06
7.102 20.61 32.10 40.45 44.84 44.84 40.45 32.10 20.61 7.102
2.447 7.102 11.06 13.94 15.45 15.45 13.94 11.06 7.102 2.447
Y Z X
Attributes of the markers, such as color and display, may be changed in the Display/Load/BC/Elem. Props menu accessed from the Main Form. Change the color of the pressure marker to another color. 9. Turn off the pressure labels so that only the pressure vectors are displayed.
Vector attributes, such as pressure labels, coloring method and vector size, may be modied in the Display menu. Display/Load/BC/Elem. Props... Vectors/Fields... Show LBC/El. Prop. Values Apply
10-12
LESSON 10

Your model should look like the one shown below.
Y Z X
10.
Turn off the pressure vectors and then verify the specied pressure loading by plotting contours of the pressure load.
Display/Load/BC/Elem. Props... Pressure Apply Cancel
Create an Element Fill Plot
Load/BCs Action: Object: Existing Sets Select Data Variable Plot Contours Pressure pressure_1 Top Surf Pressure
10-13
Time Select Groups Apply
0.0 default_group
You may need to reset the range to span the actual property range. Display/Ranges... Fit Results Calculate Apply Your screen should appear as below
To complete the exercise, you need to close the database. File/Quit
10-14
LESSON 11
Loads and Boundary Conditions on a 3-D Clevis
Objectives:
I Apply constraints to your model. I Create and apply a Field to describe a spatially varying load.
11-1
11-2
LESSON 11
Loads and B/Cs on a 3-D Clevis
Model Description:
In this exercise you will create a loading condition and a constraint set for the clevis model. The base of the lug will be clamped. The hole will be loaded downward with a quadratically varying load Fy = -100(1-x2) generated from a vector eld. Restrain all 6 degrees of freedom along these faces.
y z x Apply a spatially varying load to the bottom faces of the holes. Fx = Fz = 0 Fy = -100(1-x2)
Figure 10-1

I Open the database, Clevis.db. I Create a spatially varying vector eld named Quadratic_load, using the vector components described in the gure above. I Create a nodal displacement boundary condition named Clamped, which restrains all degrees of freedom. Apply it to the geometry faces shown in the gure above. I Create a force boundary condition named Vertical_load, which uses the Quadratic_load eld. Apply it to the solid faces along the bottom half of the holes. I Display both the displacement and force on the nite element model.
Exercise Procedure:
1. Open the database, Clevis.db. File/Open Database... Existing Database Name OK 2. Clevis.db
Fields to Dene a Spatially Varying Load
Create a spatially varying vector eld named Quadratic_load, using the vector components described in Figure 10-1. Fields
Action: Object: Method: Field Name Field Type
Create Spatial PCL Function quadratic_load Vector
To dene the Vector Function (X,Y,Z), click in the Second Component databox, and type the equation for the load as shown below. Remember to precede the independent variable, capital X, with a single quote. -100*(1-X**2) Second Component Apply -100*(1-X**2)
Applying Constraints
3.
Create a nodal displacement boundary condition named clamped, which restrains all degrees of freedom. Apply it to the geometry faces shown in Figure 10-1. Loads/BCs
Action: Object: Type: New Set Name Input Data...

Create Displacement Nodal clamped
LESSON 11

Translations <T1 T2 T3> Rotations <R1 R2 R3> OK Select Application Region... Geometry Filter Select Geometry Entities Geometry Select the left side of the model as shown below <0, 0, 0> <0, 0, 0>
To prepare for the application of loads and boundary conditions, you need to orient the model to facilitate cursor picking. Click on the Front View icon from the Main Form, then select the Surface icon from the Select Menu. Front View Surface
Use the rectangle selection technique (click and drag) to choose the application region for the constraint. Make sure that your Picking Preference is set to Enclose Entire Entity.
11-5
Add OK Apply Vectors showing the constraints will be displayed at the display lines of the solid. If display lines are set to zero, the vectors will appear at the corners of the solid. To remove the vectors click on the Reset Graphics icon in the toolbar.
To redisplay vectors: Action: Assigned Load/BC Sets Select Groups Apply Vectors indicating constraints in translations and rotations will reappear at the solids display lines. 4. Create an applied load named Vertical_load, which uses the Quadratic_load eld. Apply it to the solid faces along the bottom half of the holes. Create Force Nodal vertical_load Plot Markers Displ-clamped default_group
Applying a Spatially Varying Load
Action: Object: Type: New Set Name Input Data... Force <F1 F2 F3>
f:quadratic_load
In the Force <F1 F2 F3> databox, move the cursor down to the Spatial Fields listbox, and select quadratic_load. OK Select Application Region...
LESSON 11

Geometry Filter Geometry
Be sure that the Surface icon is still highlighted in the Select Menu. Click in the Select Geometry Entities databox, and select the surfaces for the load. Use the polygon pick method to select the solid faces that bound the bottom half of the holes, as shown in the gure below Polygon Picking You can select this icon or hold down control while dragging the cursor.
Add OK Apply
11-7
Vector markers indicating the applied load will appear as shown below. Its ok if your vectors from the clamped end are pointing in the opposite direction.
Display on FEM
5.
Display both the displacement and force on the nite element model.
Display/Load/BC/Elem. Props... Show on FEM Only Apply Cancel In the Load/Boundary Conditions form, change the Action to Plot Markers. Action: Assigned Load/BC Sets Select Groups Apply Plot Markers Displ_clamped Force_vertical_load default_group
11-8
LESSON 11

The loads and constraints should now be displayed at the nodal locations as shown below (orientation of the constraint arrows may vary).
To turn off the values, use Display/Load/BC/El. Props... Vectors/Filters... Show LBC/El. Prop. Values Apply To see the vectors scaled to the values, go to Scaled - Model Relative Apply Cancel File/Quit
Labels on Vectors
11-9
11-10
LESSON 12
Material Property Denition
Objective:
I Create a material that has temperature dependent properties.
12-2
LESSON 12
Model Description:
In this exercise you will create several elds that represent the variation of material properties with respect to temperature. You will use elds to dene a composite material. This exercise has been designed to contain the required steps that are necessary to create almost any material denition in MSCPATRAN.
Surface Model 1 y x 5
Finite Element Mesh: Global Edge Length= 0.5 in QUAD4 elements Analysis Code: MSC/NASTRAN Properties: Thickness = 0.020 in 2d Orthotropic material name: mat_orth2d
Figure 12-1
Table 1: Temperature Dependent Material Properties T (F)

800 1200 1500
E11 (Msi)
1.47 1.33 1.25
E22 (Msi)
0.364 0.183 0.161
12
0.320 0.320 0.320
G12 (Msi)
0.119 0.060 0.053
G23 (Msi)
0.227 0.196 0.199
G13 (Msi)
0.335 0.303 0.300
11 (Mils/ in/F)
0.50 0.00 -0.25
22 (Mils/ in/F)
58.90 71.10 15.60

I Create a new database named material.db. I Change the Tolerance to Default and the Analysis Code to MSC/NASTRAN. I Create the geometry and the nite element mesh using the information shown in Figure 12-1. I Create an individual eld for each material property listed in Table 1 above that varies with respect to temperature. Use E11, E22, G12, G13, G23, ALPHA11, and ALPHA22 for the eld names. I Create a 2D Orthotropic material named, mat_orth2d, that incorporates the material property elds. I Dene a shell element property named Prop_1. Use the mat_orth2d material to complete its denition and apply it to all the nite elements of your model.
Exercise Procedure:
1. Create a new database and name it material.db. Select the Default Tolerance and MSC/NASTRAN Analysis Code in the New Model Preferences form.
File/New Database... New Database Name OK New Model Preference Tolerance Analysis Code: OK 2. Create the geometry and the nite element mesh using the information shown in Figure 12-1. Geometry Action:
12-4
material
Default MSC/NASTRAN
Create
LESSON 12

Object: Method: Vector Coordinate List Apply To create the nite element model, click on the Finite Elements radio button in the Main Form. Finite Elements Action: Object: Type: Global Edge Length Element Topology Surface List Apply Your model should look like the one shown below. 0.5 QUAD 4 Surface 1 Create Mesh Surface Surface XYZ <5, 1, 0>
Y Z X
3.
Temperature Dependent Properties
Create an individual eld for each material property listed in Table 1 above that varies with respect to temperature. Use E11, E22, G12, G13, G23, ALPHA11, and ALPHA22 for the eld names.
To dene the 2D Orthotropic material, you must create the elds which will dene the variation of each material property with respect to temperature. Fields Action: Object: Method: Create Material Property Tabular Input
Using the data listed in Table 1 of this exercise, dene the eld for E11. Field Name Active Independent Variable Input Data... This will open the 1D Material Scalar Table Data form. Click in the value cells and enter the values shown in Table 1 for E11. Your form should look like this. E11 Temperature
OK Apply
12-6
LESSON 12

Repeat these steps to create the remaining elds for the other temperature dependent material properties. Use the following names for these elds: (See table 1 on page 12-3) E22, G12, G13, G23, ALPHA11, ALPHA22. 4. Create a 2D orthotropic material named mat_orth2d that incorporates the material property elds. Materials Action: Object: Method: Material Name Input Properties... Constitutive Model Linear Elastic Create 2D Orthotropic Manual Input mat_orth2d
2D Orthotropic Material
Specify each material property by clicking in the Value databoxes on the Input Options form, and picking the appropriate eld name from the Temperature Dependent Fields listbox that will appear at the bottom of the form. Since the Poissons Ratio listed in Table 1 is constant at all temperatures, enter its value manually. Elastic Modulus 11 Elastic Modulus 22 Poissons Ratio Shear Modulus 12 Shear Modulus 23 Shear Modulus 13 Thermal Expan. Coeff 11 Thermal Expan. Coeff 22 Apply Cancel E11 E22 0.32 G12 G23 G13 ALPHA11 ALPHA22
5.
Apply Material to Model
Dene a 2D shell element property named Prop_1. Use the mat_orth2d material to complete its denition and apply it to all the nite elements of your model. Properties
Action: Dimension: Type: Property Set Name Options:
Create 2D Shell prop_1 Homogeneous Standard Formulation
Input Properties... Material Name Thickness OK Select Members Select All Finite Elements m:mat_orth2d 0.020
You may have to click on the 2d Element icon.
Add Apply File/Quit
12-8
LESSON 12a
Obtaining Material Properties Using the Materials Selector

Materials Selector Select Database... Query Command -ApplyCurrent Database: mil5.des CNAME Row 1 of 95 Row 2 of 95 Row 3 of 95 Row 4 of 95 Row 5 of 95 Row 6 of 95 Row 7 of 95 Clear Auto Execute Query... Column Headers...
15-5PH Stainless Steel 17-4PH Stainless Steel 17-7PH Stainless Steel 2014 Aluminum Alloy 2017 Aluminum Alloy 2024 Aluminum Alloy 2025 Aluminum Alloy
Selected Cell Data CNAME (Common Name): 15-5PH Stainless Steel
Display Materials Properties...
Objective:
I Select a material using the Materials Selector and apply it to a plate.
PATRAN 301 Exercise Workbook - Release 7.5 12a-1
12a-2
LESSON 12a
Model Description:
In this exercise you will create a rectangular plate, and build its nite element model. The Materials Selector will be used to choose a material for the plate from on-line material databases. The geometry and material constants are shown below.
3 y x 4
Figure 12a-1
Analysis Code: Plate Thickness: Finite Element Mesh Element Type: Global Edge Length: Material Constants Material Common Name: Directional Variance of Properties: Modulus of Elasticity in Tension: Density: MSC/NASTRAN 0.1 Quad4 0.5 Aluminum Alloy Isotropic E 1.1E7 psi 0.1 lb/in3
Table 12a-1

I Create a new database named aluminum_plate.db. I Change the analysis code to MSC/NASTRAN. The models maximum dimension is 4 units. I Create the geometry as shown in Figure 12a-1. Create the
PATRAN 301 Exercise Workbook - Release 7.5 12a-3
nite element mesh using the information in Table 12a-1. I Use the Materials Selector to access the MIL-5 Handbook (Mil5f_cn2.des). I Select an appropriate material based on the values in Table 12a-1. I Apply the material to the plate.
Exercise Procedure:
1. Create a new database and name it aluminum_ plate.db.
File/New Database... New Database Name OK 2. Change the analysis code to MSC/NASTRAN. The models maximum dimension is 4 units. aluminum_plate
New Model Preference Tolerance ApproximateMaximum Model Dimension Analysis Code: OK 3. Create the geometry as shown in Figure 12a-1. Create the nite element mesh using the information in Table 12a-1. Geometry Action: Object: Method: Vector Coordinate List Apply Create Surface XYZ <4, 3, 0> 4 MSC/NASTRAN Based on Model
12a-4
LESSON 12a

Now the nite element model will be created. Finite Elements Action: Object: Type: Global Edge Length Element Topology Mesher Surface List Apply 4. Use the Materials Selector to access the MIL-5 Handbook (Mil5f_cn2.des). Materials Action: Object: Method: Databases Apply Click OK on the message window. Material Name mat Create Isotropic Materials Selector mil5.des 0.5 Quad4 Isomesh Surface 1 Create Mesh Surface
Accessing a Materials Database
The Material Selector form will appear. It contains a spreadsheet of all of the materials in the mil5.des database. The top row lists the column headers, the second row lists the units, if applicable, for the column, and the third row on give the related information for the
12a-5
material. When the mil5.des database is brought into MSCPATRAN, materials are shown in the Materials Selector spreadsheet with the CNAME listed as shown in the following form.
Materials Selector Select Database... Query Command -ApplyCurrent Database: mil5.des CNAME Row 1 of 95 Row 2 of 95 Row 3 of 95 Row 4 of 95 Row 5 of 95 Row 6 of 95 Row 7 of 95 Clear Auto Execute Query... Column Headers...
15-5PH Stainless Steel 17-4PH Stainless Steel 17-7PH Stainless Steel 2014 Aluminum Alloy 2017 Aluminum Alloy 2024 Aluminum Alloy 2025 Aluminum Alloy
To obtain an idea of how many material types are present in the database, scroll down the spreadsheet using the scroll bar. If you wanted to select a different database, you would click on the Select Database button. Click on that button now. You are returned to the Materials Selector Databases form. To change to a different database, you would click on a different database in the Databases listbox, and then click on the Apply button. Since you already have selected the database that you want, click on the Cancel button to return to the Material Selector form. 5. Select an appropriate material based on the values in Table 12a-1.
Adding Columns to the Spreadsheet

12a-6
You need to select which attributes of the material will be displayed in the spreadsheet. The selected attributes will be extracted from the database and applied to the material in MSCPATRAN. Column Headers...
LESSON 12a

The Materials form will update. Scroll down the Attributes listbox of the Materials form, and select DENS. Attributes DENS
Note that DENS is added to the textbox in the Attribute Information frame. Add E11T and NU12 in the same manner. Apply The spreadsheet is updated with the added properties. Use the scroll bar on the spreadsheet to display the added attributes. The spreadsheet is shown below for your reference.
Materials Selector Select Database... Query Command -ApplyCurrent Database: mil5.des CNAME lb/in^3 Row 1 of 179 Row 2 of 179 Row 3 of 179 Row 4 of 179 Row 5 of 179 Row 6 of 179 Row 7 of 179
15-5PH Stainless Steel 15-5PH Stainless Steel 17-4PH Stainless Steel 17-4PH Stainless Steel 17-4PH Stainless Steel 17-4PH Stainless Steel 17-7PH Stainless Steel 0.283 -00.282 0.283 0.284 -00.276
Query...
Column Headers...
Clear Auto Execute
DENS psi
E11T
2.85e+07 -02.85e+07 2.85e+07 2.85e+07 -02.9e+07
Click on the Units option menu on the Materials form and select SICustomary to change the spreadsheet to SI units. Since this problem is performed in English units, click on the Units option menu again and select US-Consistent.
Changing Units
12a-7
Querying the Database
Initially the Query Command databox in the Materials Selector form is blank. The Query Command is used to lter the material list to generate a smaller, more manageable one. Filters can be set to show only materials with specic ranges or types of attributes. Clicking on the Apply button executes the Query Command. Clicking on the Clear button removes the text form the Query Command databox. There are two ways to change the Query Command databox: (1) Type directly into the Query Command databox, or (2) Click on the Query button to access the Materials Selector Query Panel form. The rst method is quick if you know all the syntax. The second method requires no memorization. Click on the Query button now. Query... The Materials Selector Query Panel form will open. Attributes CNAME
You will see information on CNAME appear in Attribute Information textbox. CNAME appears in the Build the Query Command databox. Click on the like button Select an Operator like
Type *Alum* in the Build the Query Command databox Build the Query Command Apply The asterisks act as wild cards in the manner of a UNIX command. Clicking on the Apply button lters the spreadsheet to only include materials with Common Names which contain the string Alum. The Material Selector form appears with the spreadsheet showing a list of materials that comply with the query. Use the scroll bar to check the listing. Note the Query Command databox has been updated. Now you will lter the list based on the material properties listed in Table 12a-1. Query... Select an Operator Attributes Select an Operator Type in
12a-8 PATRAN 301 Exercise Workbook - Release 7.5
CNAME like *Alum*
and DENS <= 0.1
LESSON 12a
Select an Operator Attributes Select an Operator Type in Build the Query Command
and E11T >= 11E6
CNAME like *Alum* and DENS <=0.1 and E11T >= 11000000 Apply The Materials Selector form reappears with only one material in the spreadsheet. On the Materials form enter the name, alum_2090, in the Material Name databox. Next, click on any cell in Row 1 of 1 in the Materials Selector form to select that material. This next form allows you to specify the exact material you require. Click in any cell of Row 1 of 2 to select that material and then on the Create Material button to create the material. You will be warned that certain material properties were not specied. Click Yes to apply null data to the database for these values. On the Materials form, you will see that alum_2090 has been created (its name is listed in the Existing Materials box). Also on the Materials form, the Mapped Properties textbox lists values for the materials attributes. Click on the Properties Mapping button on the Materials form. The Materials Selector Database Attribute Mapping form appears. As you page down, you will see the properties. (lower left corner of form-page up and down) You will also see two Attribute option menus. Click on the left one and you see four possible picks: Min, Max, Cnt, and Units. The Min and Max are the minimum and maximum values of the attribute. Cnt (count) is the number of materials which satisfy the query condition. Units displays the units currently used for the attribute. To exit the Material Selector, change the Method option menu on the Materials form to Manual Input. You will see the material you created in the Existing Materials databox. 6. Apply the material to the plate. Properties
Importing the Material into MSCPATRAN
Relating the Material to the Model

12a-9
Action: Dimension: Type: Property Set Name Options
Create 2D Shell thin_plate Homogeneous Standard Formulation
Input Properties... Material Name Thickness OK Select Members Add Apply Select Entire Model m:alum_2090 0.1
File/Quit
12a-10 PATRAN 301 Exercise Workbook - Release 7.5
LESSON 13
Spatial Variation of Physical Properties

Aluminum Steel
45
Radius 1 Radius 3 Radius 4
Objective:
I To model the variation of physical properties as a function of spatial coordinates.
PATRAN301ExericseWorkbook-Release7.5 13-1
13-2
PATRAN 301 Exericse Workbook - Release 7.5
LESSON 13
Model Description:
In this exercise you will create a portion of a circular plate which has a hole at its center. Due to the models symmetry only a 45 slice of the plate will be modeled. You will also create spatially varying material and physical properties.
surface 2 Aluminum
45
surface 1 Steel y z Thickness, inches x 1.0 2.0 1.0
Figure 13-1
0.20 0.10 1 3 Radial Distance, r, inches 4
Table 13-1
Analysis Code: Element type: Element Global Edge Length: Material Constant Description Modulus of Elasticity, E (psi) Poissons Ratio, Density, (lb-sec2/in4) MSC/NASTRAN Quad4 0.5 Steel 30E6 0.30 0.0007324 Aluminum 106 0.20 0.0002588
PATRAN 301 Exericse Workbook - Release 7.5 13-3

I Create a new database named circular_Plate.db. I Change the Tolerance to Default and the Analysis Code to MSC/NASTRAN. I Create the geometry that represents the 45 slice of the circular plate shown in Figure 13-1. I Create the nite element mesh using the information listed in Table 13-1. I Create a cylindrical coordinate frame whose origin is located at [0,0,0] and whose R-, T-, Z-axis are aligned with the X-, Y-, Z-axes respectively of the global coordinate system. I Using the cylindrical coordinate frame, dene a spatially varying eld named thickness_spatial, that represents the models thickness. Verify the eld by displaying an XY-plot. I Create the Isotropic Steel and Aluminum material properties using the material constants shown in Table 13-1. I Inspect the constitutive (stiffness) matrices, Cijkl, of each material type. I Create the models element properties assigning the material type and element thickness to the correct region of the model. Use the names prop_1 and prop_2 for your element property denitions. I Verify that the spatial variation of the element thickness has been assigned correctly to your model by rendering a scalar plot of the thickness.
13-4
LESSON 13
Exercise Procedure:
1. Create a New Database and name it circular_Plate.db.
File/New Database... New Database Name OK 2. Change the Tolerance to Default and the Analysis Code to MSC/NASTRAN in the New Model Preferences form. Verify that the Analysis Type is Structural. circular_plate
New Model Preference Tolerance Analysis Code: Analysis Type OK 3. Create the geometry that represents the 45 slice of the circular plate shown in Figure 13-1. Default MSC/NASTRAN Structural
Create the 45 degree slice of the circular plate by creating two adjacent surfaces that lie in the global xy-plane. The two surfaces meet along the material boundary. See Figure 13-1 of this exercise for the required dimensions.
Create the Circular Plate model
Mesh the Model
When you are nished your model should look like the one shown in the gure below.
Mesh the Model
4.
Create the nite element mesh using the information listed in Table 13-1. Finite Elements
Action: Object: Type: Global Edge Length Element Topology Surface List Apply 0.5
Create Mesh Surface
Quad 4 Surface 1, 2
13-6
LESSON 13

Your model should appear like the one shown below.
5.
Create a cylindrical coordinate frame whose origin is located at [0,0,0] and whose R-, T-, Z-axis are aligned with the X-, Y-, Z-axes respectively of the global coordinate system. Geometry
Create a Cylindrical Coordinate Frame
Action: Object: Method: Type: Origin Point on Axis 3 Point on the Plane 1-3 Apply
Create Coord 3Point Cylindrical [0, 0, 0] [0, 0, 1] [1, 0, 0]
Create a Tabular Spatial Scalar Field
6.
Create a Tabular Spatial Scalar Field
Using the cylindrical coordinate frame, dene a spatially varying eld named thickness_spatial, that represents the models thickness. Verify the eld by displaying an XY-plot.
In MSC/PATRAN, the Physical property spatial variations are specied using spatial elds. In this exercise, you will create a tabular spatial scalar eld to describe the variation of the plates thickness as a function of the radial distance. Fields Action: Object: Method: Field Name Coordinate System Active Independent Variable Input Data... Enter the following three sets of points: R=1.0, Value=0.20; R=3.0, Value=0.10; R=4.0, Value=0.10. To do this, click on the cell you wish to edit, the cursor will appear in the Input Scalar databox. Enter the data, and press <Return>. Your table should look like this. Create Spatial Tabular Input thickness_spatial Coord 1 R
OK
13-8 PATRAN 301 Exericse Workbook - Release 7.5
LESSON 13

Apply At this point, you should verify the created eld by using MSC/ PATRANs XY plot feature. Action: Select Field to Show Specify Range... Use Existing Points OK Apply Your plot should appear like the one shown below. Later you will learn how to change the titles, colors, line styles, tick marks, and other attributes of the graph. Show thickness_spatial
Verify the Created Field
Unpost the XY Plot Window
Unpost the XY Plot Window
To unpost and delete the XY Plot window rst click on the Unpost Current XYWindow button. XY Plot Action: Object: Existing XY Windows Apply Click on Yes when asked if you are sure you want to delete the XY result window. 7. Delete XY Window XY Result Window
Specify the Material Constants for Aluminum and Steel
Create the isotropic steel and aluminum material properties using the material constants shown in Table 13-1. Materials
Action: Object: Method: Material Name Input Properties... Elastic Modulus Poissons Ratio Density Apply Cancel Repeat the process for aluminum.
Create Isotropic Manual Input steel
30E6 0.3 0.0007324
Verify the Material Constants
8.
Inspect the constitutive (stiffness) matrices, Cijkl, of each material type.
To verify the material constants you have entered, select Show from the Action option menu on the Materials form. Action: Material Name
Show steel
LESSON 13

Show Properties... Show Material Stiffness... To view the component in any cell of the matrix, simply click on that cell. For example, click on the upper left cell. 9. Create the models element properties assigning the material type and element thickness to the correct region of the model. Use the names prop_1 and prop_2 for your element property denitions. Properties Action: Dimension: Type: Property Set Name Input Properties... Material Name Thickness OK Select Application Region Add Apply The same process must be repeated to specify the aluminum material property for Surface 2. 10. Verify that the spatial variation of the element thickness has been assigned correctly to your model by rendering a scalar plot of the thickness. Surface 1 m:steel f:thickness_spatial Create 2D Shell prop_1
Specify the Physical Properties
In this nal step you will create an element ll plot of the specied thickness of the plate elements. Action: Existing Properties Display Method Show Thickness Scalar Plot
Group Filter Apply
Default_group
You may need to reset the range to span the actual property range. Display/Ranges... Fit Results Calculate Apply Cancel Your Viewport will appear as follows.
The viewport may now be reset by clicking on the broom icon in the main window.
File/Quit
LESSON 14
Analysis Set-up of a Static Analysis
Objectives:
I Review all the steps necessary to build an analysis model. I Understand how to setup a static analysis with MSCPATRAN.
14-2
LESSON 14
Model Description:
In this exercise you will build a complete MSC/PATRAN Main Form model and set up a static analysis run for MSC/NASTRAN. Uniform Pressure of 1000 psi on top face. 3 Dia
Fixed
y z x
Pinned
10 x 10 Plate 0.20 Thickness
Figure 14-1
Quarter Symmetry Model with mesh seeds.
surface2
Number of Elements = 5 L1 L2 L2/L1=2
surface1
Number of Elements = 10
L1
L2/L1=2
L2
Figure 14-2 Table 14-1

Element type: Element global edge length: Quad8 1.0
Material Constant Description Name: Steel Modulus of Elasticity, E (psi) 29E6 0.30 Poissons ratio, Linear Elastic Isotropic material Element Properties: Name: Material: Thickness: Analysis Code: Analysis Type: Analysis Solution Parameters: Analysis Translator: Analysis Output Requests:
Prop1 Steel 0.2 MSC/NASTRAN Full Run, Linear Static Analysis Linear Static Text Output 2 format Displacements, Element Stresses, Element Strain Energies
LESSON 14

I Create a new database named plate_hole.db. I Change the Tolerance to Default and the Analysis Code to MSC/NASTRAN. I Create the quarter symmetry geometry and nite element mesh using the information in Figure 14-2 and Table 14-1. I Equivalence and optimize the entire model. Verify that all element normals are in the same direction. I Dene the material and element properties using the information in Table 14-1. I Assign a uniform pressure named Pressure1 to the top surface of all elements. I Assign the displacement boundary conditions to the appropriate edges of the model. Use the names, disp_lf, disp_rt, disp_tp and disp_bt for the left, right, top, and bottom displacement boundary condition set names. I Prepare the model for a full analysis run using the information listed in Table 14-1.
Exercise Procedure:
1. Create a new database and name it plate_hole.db. File/New Database... New Database Name OK 2. Change the Tolerance to Default and the Analysis Code to MSC/NASTRAN. plate_hole
New Model Preference Tolerance Analysis Code: OK Default MSC/NASTRAN
Create the Geometry
3.
Create the Geometry
Create the quarter symmetry geometry and nite element mesh using the information in Figure 14-2 and Table 14-1.
The surface representing the geometry of the plate is shown below:
4.
Create the mesh seeds and mesh the model Finite Elements
Action: Object: Type: Number = L2/L1 = Curve List Apply For the bottom of the arc change: Number =
Create Mesh Seed One Way Bias 10 2 Select the bottom edge
LESSON 14

L2/L1 = Curve List Apply Change L2/L1 to -2 and click on the top half of the arc.If necessary, click Apply. Now mesh the surface Action: Object: Type: Global Edge Length Element Topology Mesher Surface List Apply 1.0 Quad 8 IsoMesh Surface 1, 2 Create Mesh Surface 2 Select the bottom half of the arc
Equivalence
Your models nite element mesh should look like the one shown in the gure below.
5.
Equivalence
Equivalence the entire model. Verify that all element normals are in the same direction. Equivalence All Tolerance Cube
Action: Object: Method: Apply
Verify
Verify the element normals Action: Object: Test: Display Control Apply Verify Element Normals Draw Normal Vectors
14-8
LESSON 14

You may need to change the view to isometric_view by clicking on this icon in the toolbar.
All elements normal must point in the same direction. In this exercise we choose them to point in the positive Z-direction. If the normals are not pointing in the same direction there are two methods to reverse element normals. The rst is under Verify/Element/Normals. Under Test Control click on Display Only
This will change to Reverse Elements
Guiding Element Select a guiding element that has a normal pointing in the direction you desire then click on Apply. All of the normals will then point in that same direction. The second method is found in Modify/Element/Reverse. Here Patran will simply reverse the normals of any elements selected. 6. Dene the material and element properties using the information in Table 14-1. Materials Action: Object: Method: Material Name Input Properties... Constitutive Model Elastic Modulus Linear Elastic 29E6
Create the Material Properties
Create Isotropic Manual Input steel
Create the Element Properties
Poissons Ratio Apply
0.3
Create the Element Properties
Create the element property denition for the model. Properties Action: Dimension: Type: Property Set Name Options Create 2D Shell prop1 Homogeneous Standard Formulation Input Properties... Material Name Thickness OK Select Members Add Apply Surface 1, 2 m:steel 0.20
Apply Loads and Boundary Conditions
7.
Assign a uniform pressure named Pressure1 to the top surface of all elements. Load/BCs
Action: Object: Type: Analysis Type New Set Name Target Element Type Input Data... Top Surface Pressure
Create Pressure Element Uniform Structural pressure1 2D
1000
LESSON 14

OK Select Application Region... Geometry Filter Select 2D Elements or Edges FEM Select Entire Model
Click on the Tri or Quad Element icon in the select menu then screen select the entire model.
Add OK Apply The uniform pressure load is shown below. Of course, the orientation of the pressure load will depend on original orientation of the element normals.
Apply Loads and Boundary Conditions
8.
Assign the displacement boundary conditions to the appropriate edges of the model. Use the names, disp_lf, disp_rt, disp_tp and disp_bt for the left, right, top, and bottom displacement boundary condition set names. Create Displacement Nodal disp_lf
Action: Object: Type: New Set Name Input Data... Translations Rotations OK Select Application Region... Geometry Filter Select Nodes Add OK Apply
<0, , > <, 0, 0>
FEM Select the left edge
Using the Table below, dene the remaining displacement boundary conditions. Table 14-2: Name
disp_rt disp_tp disp_bt
Translations
<0,0,0> <0,0,0> <,0,>
Rotations
<> <0,0,0> <0, ,0>
Application Region
Nodes on right edge. Nodes on top edge. Nodes on bottom edge.
14-12
LESSON 14

When you are nished your models displacement boundary conditions should look like those shown in the gure below.
9.
Prepare the model for a full analysis run using the information listed in Table 14-1. Analysis
Set-up the Analysis
Action: Object; Method: Translation Parameters...
Analyze Entire Model Full Run
Set-up the Analysis
OUTPUT2 Format: OK Solution Type... Solution Type Solution Parameters...
Text
Linear Static
Review the form, but do not change its default settings. OK OK In MSC/NASTRAN, the subcases provide a tool to associate loads and boundary conditions, output requests and various other parameters depending on the solution type selected. These subcases are essential to perform portions of a full run like performing nonlinear analysis and analyzing a model with super elements. Click on the Subcase Create... button, you will notice a subcase already created. The name of the subcase is the same as the loadcase which is Default. This subcase consists of the Default load case, and the requested outputs that can be inspected by pressing the Output Requests button. When done inspecting the form, you may press the Cancel buttons. File/Quit
14-14
LESSON 15
Using Groups and Lists
Objectives:
I Build a nite element model that includes element properties and boundary conditions. I Use lists to identify parts of the model with specied attributes. I Explore the Group Display mode.
15-2
PATRAN 301 Exercise Workbook -Release 7.5
LESSON 15
Model Description:
In this exercise you will import or construct a portion of a fairing. Shown below is a drawing of the assembled structure and its dimensions. Use curves and surfaces to dene the fairing geometry. The nite element model will consist of 2-dimensional elements with 1-dimensional elements applied at various edges of the geometry. The 1-dimensional elements will represent stiffeners for the structure. 100 Dia 60 Dia x z
120
y x 40
Figure 15-1
Analysis Code Element Types
P3/FEA Bar2 (horizontal fairing edges) Quad4 (fairing surface)
Material Name Modulus of Elasticity, E (psi) Poissons Ratio, Density, (lb/in3) Model Thickness Model Temperature Distribution
Alum_1 1.05E7 0.33 2.64 1.5 - Y/160.
Alum_2 1.187 0.33 2.44
200.-(150./160.)X
Table 15-1

I Create a new database and name it fairing.db. Select Default for the Tolerance and MSC/NASTRAN for the Analysis Code. I Either import the Geometry and Finite Element model from the neutral le fairing.out or create the model using Figure 15-1. I Create the points and curves that represent the outline of the fairing. Point 1 (XYZ method): [30,0,0]; curve 1 (XYZ method): vector length=<0,120,0>; origin=[50,40,0] curve 2 (point method): between points 1 and 2.
I Sweep Curves 1 & 2 through 360o angles about the centerline of the fairing in 4 steps using the Surface Revolve method.
15-4
LESSON 15

a) Seed the circumference of the fairing at the upper edge with 9 nodes per quarter of the circumference. 10
b) Create non-uniform seed distributions along the vertical edge of the fairing represented by Curve 1 &2.. Curve 1, L2 = 10, L1 = 7 Curve 2, L2 = 7, L1 = 4 c) Create the mesh for the surface using Quad4 elements. d) Create Bar2 elements along the circumference representing the edges of the upper cylinder of the lower cone. I Create a group containing only the nite element model. Name the group FEM. Post only that group to the viewport. I Create the materials for the fairing. Materials Alum_1 and Alum_2 will be applied to the top (cylindrical) and bottom (tapered) portions of the fairing respectively. Use Table 151 to dene the Material Properties. I Dene elds that represent the varying thickness and temperature distribution. Use Table 15-1 to dene the elds. I Create the element properties which include the material denitions and the varying thickness. Use the names Prop_1 and Prop_2 for the element property names. I Dene the models varying temperature distribution. Use the name Temperature for the temperature set name. I Use Lists and Groups to display the Quad elements that have the following attributes: Material:Alum_1 (MATRL.1) Thickness:> 0.98 Temperature: > 230.0
Create a new group named Common_Quads and add these elements to that group. Plot the temperature contours on these elements. Reset Graphics. I Post only the group named FEM and change the render style to hidden line (the bars will disappear). I Create a group containing only the bar elements. Name the group BARS. I Change to group display mode and modify the FEM and BARS render style as follows: Group
FEM BARS
Render Style
Hidden Line Wireframe
Shade Color
Cyan Yellow
Entity Labels
Off Off
I Change the render style for the group BARS to Wireframe/Accurate.
Exercise Procedure:
1. Create a new database and name it fairing.db. Select Default for the Tolerance and MSC/NASTRAN for the Analysis Code.
File/New Database... New Database Name OK New Model Preference Tolerance Analysis Code: OK 2. Either import the Geometry and Finite Element model from the neutral le fairing.out or create the model using Figure 15-1. Default MSC/NASTRAN fairing
15-6
LESSON 15

If you are going to import the Geometry and Finite Element model of the fairing, perform the following import procedure, then skip to step 11. If you are going to build the fairing model, skip to step 3. File/Import... Object: Source: Import File Apply Respond Yes when asked to continue on the Import Summary form. To see what was just imported, go to Group/Modify and look at the Member List. Both geometry (points, curves and surfaces) and nite elements (nodes and elements) have been imported into the default_group. Click on OK to close the form. To see what kinds of elements were imported, select the Finite Elements radio button, then Show/Element/Attributes, highlight all the elements and hit Apply. Scroll down through the spreadsheet to see that both Quad4 and Bar2 elements are in the model. Now create a group containing only the nite element model. Group/Create... New Group Name Group Contents Apply Go to Step 11. 3. Create the points and curves that represent the outline of the fairing. Point 1 [30,0,0]; Curve 1: vector length=<0,120,0>; origin=[50,40,0] Curve 2: between points 1 and 2. Geometry Action: Create
Model Neutral fairing.out
FEM Add All FEM
Create Model Geometry
Create Model Geometry
Object: Method: Point Coordinate List Apply
Point XYZ [30, 0, 0]
Now you will create curves that represent the prole of the fairing. They will be swept to create the fairings surface. Action: Object: Method: Vector Coordinate List Origin Coordinate List Apply Next change the Method option menu to Point. Action: Object: Method: Starting Point List Ending Point List Apply Your model should appear as follows: 3 1 2 2 1 Create Curve Point Point 1 Point 2 Create Curve XYZ <0, 120, 0> [50, 40, 0]
15-8
LESSON 15

4. Create the fairing from an assembly of quarter circular surfaces dened by revolving curves 1 and 2 about the fairings vertical center line. Create Surface Revolve PATRAN 2 Convention Coord 0.2 360 4 Curve 1, 2
Action: Object: Method: Surface Type Axis Total Angle Surface per Curve Curve List Apply Change the view Angle to 30 0 0 Viewing/Angles... Angles Apply Cancel Your model should appear as follows:
30, 0, 0
Create Mesh Seeds
5.
Create Mesh Seeds
Create a nite element mesh that has the following attributes:
Along the circumferential edges create 4 node Quad elements every 10 10
Finite Elements Action: Object: Type: Number of Elements Number = Curve List 9 Select the Upper Circumferential Edges of Surfaces 1 through 4. See the gure below Create Mesh Seed Uniform
Apply
Surface 2.2
Surface 1.2
Surface 3.2
Surface 4.2
Y X Z
15-10
LESSON 15

In the vertical direction (y-direction), dene a smoothly transitioning mesh density, the elements along the top of the cylinder are 2.5 times as large as those along the bottom edge (tapered end) of the fairing. L2 = 10 L2/L1 = 2.5
L1 = 4
Action: Object: Type: L1 and L2 L1 = L2 = Curve List Apply Action: Object: Type: L1 and L2 L1 = L2 = Curve List Apply 4 7 7 10
Curve 1
Curve 2
Now that the seed has been created you will mesh the model. Action: Object: Create Mesh
Create Mesh Seeds
Type: Element Topology Surface List Apply Your model should appear as follows:
Surface Quad 4 Select All Surfaces
Mesh the horizontal (circumferential) edges of each surface with twonoded bar elements. Action: Object: Type: Element Topology Curve List Create Mesh Curve Bar 2
15-12
LESSON 15

Select the surface edges shown below. A hint on selecting the appropriate edges. Set the view to the default, then use click and drag picking technique.
Also you may want to Erase all FEM in Display/Plot/Erase... to make the selection easier.When you are done remember to replot the FEM. Apply Equivalence the Finite Elements to reduce the number of elements by eliminating duplicate nodes. Action: Object: Type: Apply 6. Create a group containing only the nite element model. Name the group FEM. Post only that group to the viewport Equivalence All Tolerance Cube
Create Groups
Group/Create... New Group Name Unpost All Other Groups Group Contents Apply Cancel Add All FEM FEM
Create Material Properties
7.
Create Material Properties
Create the materials for the fairing. Materials Alum_1 and Alum_2 will be applied to the top (cylindrical) and bottom (tapered) portions of the fairing respectively. Use Table 15-1 to dene the Material Properties. Materials
Action: Object: Method: Material Name Input Properties... Constitutive Model: Elastic Modulus Poissons Ratio Density Apply
Create Isotropic Manual Input alum_1
Linear Elastic 1.05E7 0.33 2.6E-4
Action: Object: Method: Material Name Input Properties... Constitutive Model: Elastic Modulus Poissons Ratio Density Apply
Create Isotropic Manual Input alum_2
Linear Elastic 1.18E7 0.33 2.4E-4
Create Fields
8.
Dene elds that represent the varying thickness and temperature distribution. Use Table 15-1 to dene the elds. Fields
15-14
LESSON 15

Action: Object: Method: Field Name Scalar Function Apply Create Spatial PCL Function thickness 1.5-Y/160
Action: Object: Method: Field Name Scalar Function Apply 9.
Create Spatial PCL Function temperature 200.-(150./160.)*X
Create the element properties which include the material denitions and the varying thickness. Use the names Prop_1 and Prop_2 for the element property names.
Click on the Properties radio button in the Main Form. Using the information on Table 15-1 create element properties Prop_1 and Prop_2 for the top (cylindrical) and bottom (tapered) portions of the fairing respectively. Apply the element properties to the Quad elements. Use the thickness eld you dened earlier to represent the varying shell thickness and materials Alum_1 and Alum_2 for the top and bottom portions of the model respectively. Properties Action: Dimension: Type: Property Set Name Options: Create 2D Shell prop_1 Homogeneous Standard Formulation
Input Properties... Material Name Thickness OK Select Members Select the Top Elements of the Model. See gure below. m:alum_1 f:thickness
Add Apply
Top Elements Elements 1:504
Bottom Elements Elements 505:792
Action: Dimension: Type: Property Set Name

15-16 PATRAN 301 Exercise Workbook -Release 7.5
Create 2D Shell prop_2
LESSON 15

Options: Homogeneous Standard Formulation Input Properties... Material Name Thickness OK Select Members Select the Bottom Elements of the Model. See gure on previous page. m:alum_2 f:thickness
Add Apply 10. Dene the models varying temperature distribution. Use the name temp for the temperature set name. Load/BCs Action: Object: Type: New Set Name Input Data... Temperature OK Select Application Region... Geometry Filter Select Nodes Add OK Apply FEM Select All Nodes f:temperature Create Temperature Nodal temp
Create Temperature Boundary Conditions
Create Lists
Turn off the temperature labels Display/Load/BC/El. Props... Loads/BCs Apply Cancel 11. Use Lists and Groups to lter then group the quad elements that have the following attributes: Material:Alum_1 (MATRL.1 if you imported the model) Thickness:> 0.98 Temperature: > 230.0 Temperature
Create Lists
Add to List A the elements which have the Alum_1 (MATRL.1) material as one of their attributes. Tools/List/Create... Model: Object: Method: Attribute Existing Materials Target List Apply Next, you will dene List B to include only the Quad elements that have a thickness greater than 0.98. Properties Action: Existing Properties Display Method Select Groups Apply Show Thickness Scalar Plot FEM FEM Element Attribute Material alum_1 A
15-18
LESSON 15
Tools/List/Create... Model: Object: Method: Attribute Fringe Tools: F > Target List Apply Next, you will intersect Lists A and B and replace the contents of List A with the elements found in the intersection. Tools/List/Boolean... On the form that appears click on the intersect icon. The form should appear as follows:
Boolean List Operation: A B A B A B A B
FEM Element Attribute Fringe Value default_Fringe 0.98 B
Intersect Lists
AB
A+B
A-B
B-A
Click here
listc Contents Element 1:54 127:180 253:306 379:432
Add To Group... Remove From Group... Replace A Highlight Replace B Cancel
Intersect Lists
To transfer the contents of List C to List A, click on the Replace A button in the Boolean List form. List A currently satises the rst two of our three conditions: Quad elements associated with material Alum_1 (MATRL.1) and having thickness > 0.98. Now you will perform a nal classication of the elements. You will isolate those elements that satisfy the third condition of applied temperature load > 230.0. Load/BCs Action: Object: Plot Contours Temperature
If you have imported the model from the neutral le, you need to switch the current load case to Load_Case.1 to be able to select the temperature boundary condition. Existing Sets Select Data Variable Select Groups Apply temp (TEMPN.1.1) Temperature FEM
Tools/List/Create... Model: Object: Method: Attribute Fringe Tools: F > Target List FEM Element Attribute Fringe Value default_Fringe 230.0 B
Click on the Clear button in the List B form. Apply
15-20
LESSON 15

In the last portion of this step, you will intersect Lists A and B again to create List C. This will provide you with a list of elements that satisfy all 3 of the conditions. You will then put the contents of List C into the common_quads group. Tools/List/Boolean... Click on the intersect icon.
A B
Add List to Group
AB
Add To Group... Group Name Apply Cancel Finally click on Group in the Main Form. Group/Post... Select Groups to Post Apply common_quads common_quads
Create and Render Groups
In the Load/Boundary Conditions form rerender the temperature contours and Your model should appear as follows:
On the Load/Boundary Conditions form, click on the Reset Graphics button.
Create and Group Render Display Groups Method
12.
Create two groups by properties containing prop_1 and prop_2 respectively. In this step, you will be introduced to Group display mode concept. You will practice how to change the display attributes of a group of entities that represents a collection of different entity types (i.e. quad and bar elements). A major usage of this feature is demonstrated through displaying the same set of entities placed in two different groups in different render styles.
Group/Create... New Group Name Group Contents: Apply Now to add the contents to the group you must create a list. Tools/List/Create... Model: Object:
15-22 PATRAN 301 Exercise Workbook -Release 7.5
prop1_group Add Entity Selection
FEM Element
LESSON 15

Method: Attribute Existing Property Sets Apply Next on the List A form select: Add To Group... Group Name Apply Cancel Repeat this process. Label the next group prop2_group and select prop_2 from the Existing Property Set. Be sure to clear List A before you select Apply on the List Create form. Change the view to Isometric View 1. prop1_group Attribute Property Set prop_1
Now render each group with different render styles. Display/Entity Color/Label/Render... Entity Coloring and Labeling Target Group Render Style Apply Now that MSC/PATRAN is in group display mode, you can modify each groups display properties individually. Target Group Render Style Shade Color: Apply
Group prop1_group Hidden Line
prop2_group Wireframe Yellow
Group Display Method
Display each group separately using Group/Post... Note how the same set of entities can be displayed in different render styles. This feature proves to be extremely useful in the results post-processing. An example would be to display different results on the same set of nite elements, such as stress and temperature. This figure shows both groups posted at once.
File/Quit
15-24
LESSON 16
Post Processing of Displacement Results
Objectives:
I Examine the deformation of the MSC/NASTRAN model to evaluate the validity of the assumptions made in the creation of the mesh density and selection of element type. I Use the Basic and Advanced results post-processing forms.
16-2
LESSON 16
Model Description:
In this exercise you will examine the analysis results of a clevis model, similar to the one you created during the previous labs, by rendering a variety of deformed shape plots of the model. In particular, you will create Deformed, Fringe, and Vector plots of the displacement.

I Create a new database and name it clevis.db. I Change the Tolerance to Default and the Analysis Code to MSC/NASTRAN. I Import the new clevis model and results for this exercise by reading the MSC/NASTRAN output2 le clevis.op2. I Create a deformed shape plot of the Displacement result values. I Turn off the undeformed plot of the clevis model. Change the orientation of the deformed image of the clevis model to an Isometric view. Render the deformed plot using a Hidden Line render style. I Return to the Default view of the clevis model. Increase the Deformation Scale Factor to 0.25. I Produce a fringe plot of the displacement in the y-direction, (uy). Render the plot with the element edges turned off. I Produce a vector plot of the y-component of the displacements superimposed on the fringe plot of the clevis model. Change the render style of the clevis model to wire frame. Change the vector Scale Factor to 0.25 and use a Model Scale Length. I Turn off the result vectors and the spectrum color bar in the viewport.
Exercise Procedure:
1. Create a new database and name it clevis.db. File/New... New Database Name clevis
Import the model and results
OK 2. Change the Tolerance to Default and the Analysis Code to MSC/NASTRAN.
New Model Preference Tolerance Analysis Code: OK Default MSC/NASTRAN
Import the model and results
3.
Import the new clevis model and results for this exercise by reading the output2 le clevis.op2. Analysis
Action: Object: Method: Select Results File... Selected Results File OK Apply
Read Output2 Both Translate
clevis.op2
There are two approaches for post processing results in MSC/ PATRAN. One approach is to use the multi-purpose (e.g. fringe, deformation, and animate) Quick Plot form. The other is to use response type specic forms, e.g. deformation. These advanced forms, are designed to allow the user more exibility on the manipulation and rendering of the model, however this requires more user input compared to the Quick Plot form.
Create a Deformed Shape Plot
4.
Create a deformed shape plot of the Displacement result values. Results
Action: Object: Select Result Case(s)

Create Quick Plot Load_Case.1.SC1
LESSON 16

Select Deformation Result Apply Your model should look like the one shown below. Displacements, Translational
5.
Turn off the undeformed plot of the clevis model.
By default the deformed and undeformed plots are superimposed. Turn off the undeformed plot using Create, Deformation, Display Attributes under Results. Action: Object: Select Result Case(s) Select Deformation Result Create Deformation Load_Case.1.SC1 Displacements, Translational
To change the Display Attributes click on the Display Attributes icon in the results form.
Show Undeformed Apply
16-5
Create a Fringe Plot
Change the view to Iso 1 View by clicking on this icon in the toolbar.
6.
Return to the Front view of the clevis model, and increase the Deformation Scale Factor to 0.25.
Click on the Front View icon from the toolbar.
Scale Factor: Apply
0.25
Create a Fringe Plot
7.
Produce a fringe plot of the displacement in the y-direction, (uy). Render the plot with the element edges turned off. Quick Plot Load_Case.1.SC1
Object: Select Result Cases

LESSON 16

Select Fringe Result Quantity Select Deformation Result Apply The fringe plot of the displacements is shown below. Displacements, Translational Y-Component Displacements, Translational
Next, turn off the display of Finite Element Edges Display/Shading ... Edges Apply Cancel Show Edges
Turn off Finite Element Edges
16-7
Turn off Finite Element Edges
With the Element edges turned off your model should look like the one shown below
Turn the element edge display back on before you start the next step 8. Produce a vector plot of the y-component of the displacements superimposed on the fringe plot of the clevis model. Change the render style of the clevis model to wireframe. Change the vector Scale Factor to 0.25 and use a Constant Scale Length.
The Displacements can also be displayed as a vector plot. In order to use this option, you must rst change the Form Type Create, Marker, in the Results form. Action: Object: Method: Select Result Case(s) Load_Case.1.SC1 Show as Component XX Apply
Create Marker Vector
YY
ZZ
LESSON 16

Turn off the Fringe and Deformation plots you created in the previous step by changing the Action to Post and the Object to Plots. Select the vector plot in the Existing Plot Types databox, Action: Object: Existing Plot Types: Apply 9. Adjust the vectors attributes and scale. Create Marker Vector Component Post Plots VEC_default_Vector
Display a Vector Plot
Action: Object: Method: Show as
Vector Attributes such as color, size, and magnitude scaling can be altered in the Results, Create, Marker, Vector form. Click the Display Attributes button, and then try changing the vector Scale Factor to 0.25 using a Constant-Model Scaled Length. Change view to iso 1 view. 10. Click on the Display Attributes.
Constant Vector denition Length: Anchor Style: Show vector label Show on deformed Apply Model Scaled
16-9
Turn off Vector Plot
The vector plot of the displacements is shown below.
1 Z
R -.0061
default_Vector : Max .0017 @Node 150 Min -.0061 @Node 128
Turn off the vector plot and post the deformed plot. Action: Object: Existing Plot Types: Apply Do a simple 3D animation of the deformed shape. Action: Object: Click on the Animation Options button. Create Quick Plot Post Plots DEF_default_Deformation
Change the Animate Method to Modal and the Animation Graphics to 3D. Animate Deformation Animation Method:
Modal
LESSON 16

Animation Graphics Number of Frames Apply Select the Results Button 3D 15
Select Result Case(s) Load_Case.1.SC1 Select Deformation Result Animate Apply Try using the middle mouse button to rotate the model while it is animating. Hit Stop Animation when done. This ends the lesson. Close the database and quit Patran. File/Quit Displacements, Translational
16-11
16-12
LESSON 17
Post Processing of Stress Results With Results
Objectives:
I To post-process stress results from MSC/NASTRAN. I To use MSC/PATRAN to create ll and fringe plots to determine if the analyzed part will meet a customerdened criteria or whether the part needs to be redesigned and re-analyzed.
17-1
LESSON 17
Post Processing of Stress Results
Model Description:
In this exercise, you will examine the stress results of the clevis model analyzed using the MSC/NASTRAN code by rendering a variety of fringe and element ll plots.

I Open the clevis.db database created in the previous exercise and turn off the deformed shape. I Create a fringe plot of the Von-Mises stress in the clevis. I Create and assign a new numerical range to the viewport. Use the name, my_range, and the values Start= 22000 and End=1000 to dene the new range containing 15 subrange levels. I Change the results label format to an exponential format. I Render an element ll plot of the Von-Mises stresses. I Create a Fringe plot of the Maximum Principal Stress for elements 1 through 20 only. I Convert the stress tensor results to the scalar xx, and create a fringe plot of the results with respect to the cylindrical coordinate system you created when building the clevis model. Plot the results on all elements. I Create a new viewport and name it, view. Create a new group containing only nite element entities and name it, fem1. Post the group fem1 in the viewport view. In the default_viewport create a fringe plot of the Von-Mises stresses. In the fem1 viewport create a new range (-20000 to 20000) and then create a fringe plot of the 1st Invariant.
Exercise Procedure:
1. Open the clevis.db database created in the previous exercise and turn off the deformed shape.
File/Open Database... Existing Database Name OK

PATRAN301ExerciseWorkbook-Release7.5 1 7 3 -
clevis.db
Create a Von-Mises Stress Scalar Plot
Select the reset Icon
from the System icons menu.
2.
Create a fringe plot of the Von-Mises stress in the clevis.
Create a Von-Mises Stress Scalar Plot
In this step, we will show you how to make Fringe Plots of Von Mises stresses using the Quick Plot and the Fringe forms. Needless to say, for this simple Fringe Plot, the Quick Plot form requires minimal input as compared to the Fringe forms. But, should the user desire to get more specialized results, the Fringe form will prove to be very useful. Now, let us proceed using the Quick Plot form type. N Results Action: Object: Select Result Cases: Select Fringe Result: Quantity: Apply Turn on the Edge Display Display/Shading Show Edges Apply Create Quick Plot Load_Case.1.SC1 Stress, Tensor Von Mises
LESSON 17
Now, lets see if the results are different using the Fringe form to plot the Von Mises stress. Object: Select Result Case(s): Select Fringe Result: Quantity: Apply The two plots are identical, as they should be; you are plotting the same results. 3. Create and assign a new numerical range to the viewport. Use the name, my_range, and the values Start= 22000 and End=1000 to dene the new range containing 15 subrange levels. Fringe Load_Case.1.SC1 Stress Tensor Von Mises
Create and Apply a New Results Range
Create and Apply a New Results Range
By default, MSCPATRAN assigns Result ranges based on the Min/ Max values of the result dependent variable currently selected. In this step you will create a new range, which varies from 1000 to 22000, and apply this range to the fringe plot posted in the current viewport. N Results Action: Object: Create Fringe
Click on the Display Attributes button.
Range... Dene Range Create... New Range Name: OK Then in the Ranges form, make sure the Data Method is set to SemiAuto and set the starting point as 22000 and the end as 1000. Data Method: Start: End: Calculate Apply Assign Target Range to Viewport Cancel Choose my_range, Post Range to Viewport and click on OK in the Set Range form. Set Range: Post Range to Viewport OK my_range N Semi-Auto 22000 1000 my_range
LESSON 17
In the Results form. Label Style... Label Format: OK Apply Your fringe plot should look like the one shown in the gure below. Exponential
4.
Render an element ll plot of the Von-Mises stresses.
Fringe plots are based on averaging the stress results of the elements connected to a particular node. The averaging operation tends to lowpass lter the results, dampening out large variations of stresses across the elements. Ideally, as the element mesh density becomes ner, the stress jump across the elements will decrease and the averaging operation will not be so critical. Nevertheless, in general for coarse meshes one will obtain better accuracy with element ll plots. In MSCPATRAN, one can individually color-code the elements with respect to a result attribute known at the center of the element. It has been shown in the nite element literature that the stresses at the center
Filter Display
of the element are most accurate provided a 2X2 Gauss integration is used for the numerical integration. In this step, you will create an Element Fill plot based on a Von-Mises scalar results. Action: Object: Now click on the Plot Options icon. Create Fringe
Averaging Denition: Domain: Extrapolation: Apply Your Viewport should appear as follows. None Average
Filter Display
5.
Create a fringe plot of the maximum principle stress for elements 1 through 20 only.
LESSON 17

MSCPATRAN allows the user to lter the displayed results based on element IDs, results range, property type, etc. In this step, you will plot the maximum principal stress for elements 1:20. Action: Object: Click the Select Results Button Create Fringe
Select Result Case(s): Select Fringe Result: Quantity: Click on the Target Entities icon
Load_Case.1.SC1 Stress Tensor, Max Principal
Target Entity: Elements Select Elements: Click on the Plot Options Button Elm 1:20
Averaging Denition: Domain Apply All Entities
Transform Result Coordinate Frame
6.
Transform Result Coordinate Frame
Convert the stress tensor results to the scalar xx, and create a fringe plot of the scalar with respect to the cylindrical coordinate system you created when building the clevis model. Plot the results on all elements. Create Fringe
Action: Object: Click on the Select Results Button
Quantity: Click on the Target Entities button
X Component
Target Entity:
Current Viewport
LESSON 17

Click on the Plot Options button
Coordinate Transformation: Select Coordinate Frame: Apply
CID Coord 1
Remember to turn on the Show Edge in Display/Shading... form.
7.
Create a new viewport, and name it, view. Create a new group containing only nite element entities and name it, fem1. Post the group fem1 in the viewport view. In the default_viewport create a fringe plot of the Von-Mises stresses. In the fem1 viewport create a new range (-20000 to 20000) and then create a fringe plot of the 1st Invariant.
Create and Post Two Different Fringe Plots
In this nal step you will create fringe plots of the Von-Mises and Principal stresses in the clevis model. You will post each result type in a different viewport. Both viewports will be posted to the display screen. They will contain identical copies of the nite element model but different groups and each viewport will be assigned a unique range.
PATRAN301ExerciseWorkbook-Release7.5 1 7 1 1
The rst thing to do is to create a Von Mises fringe plot in the existing viewport. Click on the Select Results Button
Quantity: Apply
Von Mises
Now, create a new viewport called view. Viewport/Create... New Viewport Name: Apply Cancel Now, create a new group call fem1, containing only FEM. Group/Create... New Group Name: Make Current Unpost All Other Groups Group Contents: Apply Cancel Now, create a new range called range1, spanning from 20,000 to -20,000. Display/Ranges... Create... New Range Name: OK Data Method: N Semi-Auto range1 Add All FEM fem1 view
LESSON 17

Start: End: Calculate Apply Assign Target Range to Viewport Cancel Click on the Select Results Button 20000 -20000
Finally, create a plot of the 1st invariant. Quantity: Apply Click on the Display Attributes button. N 1st Invariant
Range... Set Range: OK range1
PATRAN301ExerciseWorkbook-Release7.5 1 7 1 3
Your display screen should show the following viewports and fringe plots.
File/Quit
LESSON 18
Post-Processing Transient Response With Results
Objectives:
I Animate Transient Structural response. I Create x-y plots of structural displacement versus time.
18-1
18-2
LESSON 18
Post-Processing Transient Response
Model Description:
In this exercise the transient response of a simple plate structure will be displayed over time. Also, x-y plots of nodal displacement as a function of time will be created.

I Create a new database named plate.db and read in the MSC/NASTRAN model and results le plate_vibration.op2 in the Analysis form. I Select result cases, deformation result type, and result component in Results, Create, Deformation, Select Results. I Specify target entities in Results, Create, Deformation, Target Entities, Target Entity (Current Viewport). I Specify deformed color, line style, scale factor(0.25) under Results, Create, Deformation, Display Attributes. I Set animation parameter values in Results, Create, Deformation, Animation Options. Experiment with the number of frames used to represent the transient motion of the plate structure. I Create x-y plot of the nodal degree-of-freedom versus time in Results, Create, Graph, Yvs X, Select Results, Target Entities.
Exercise Procedure:
1. Create a new database and name it plate.
File/New... New Database Name: OK The viewport (PATRANs graphics window) will appear along with a New Model Preference form. The New Model Preference sets all the code specic forms and options inside MSC/PATRAN. plate
18-3
In the New Model Preference form set the Analysis Code to MSC/NASTRAN. Tolerance: Analysis Code: Analysis Type: OK 2. Import the plate model and results. N Default MSC/NASTRAN Structural
N Analysis Action: Object: Method: Select Results File... Selected Results File: OK Apply Change the view and display by using the following toolbar icon: plate_vibration.op2 Read Output2 Both Translate
Iso 1 View
18-4
LESSON 18

Your model should look like the one shown below. Note that the structure is a simple plate.
3.
Select result cases, deformation result type, and result component in Results, Create, Deformation, Select Results.
N Results Action: Object: Click the Select Results Button Create Deformation
Click on the Select Result Case(s) button, select subcases. Set the form, Select Result Case(s) as follows: Filter Method: Values: Global Variable Range
Min: Max: Filter Apply Close Show As:
0 0.04
Component XX YY ZZ
Animate Note: Do not Click on Apply! 4. Specify target entities in Results, Create, Deformation, Target Entities, Target Entity (Current Viewport)
Click on the Target Entities button
Target Entity: 5.
Current Viewport
Specify deformed color, line style, scale factor(0.25) under Results, Create, Deformation, Display Attributes.
Click on the Display Attributes button
Deformed: Line Style: Scale Factor: 6.
choose a color choose a line style 0.25
Set animation parameter values in Results, Create, Deformation, Animation Options. Experiment with the number of frames used to represent the transient motion of the plate structure.
18-6
LESSON 18

Click on the Animation Options.
Animate By: Select Global Variable: Animation Graphics: Number of Frames: Apply
Global Variable Time N 3D 20
In the Animation Control Form change the Animation Sequence Cycle Now try changing the number of frames: Stop Animation Number of Frames: Apply Stop the Animation and reset the graphics. Stop Animation Click on the Reset Graphics Icon. 10
7.
Create an XY plot of nodal degree of freedom versus time. Create Graph Y vs X
18-7
Click on the Select Results button.
Quantity: X: Variable: Click on the Target Entities button.
Z Component Global Variable Time
Select the Nodes that are going to be mapped in the xy plot Target Entity: Select Nodes: Apply The XY plot should look like the following:
LEGEND
Node 14: Displacements, Translational, ZZ Node 42: Displacements, Translational, ZZ Node 49: Displacements, Translational, ZZ
Nodes select 2 or 3 nodes
D .2700 i s p l a .1800 c e m e .0900 n t s , 0. T r a n -.0900 s l a t -.1800 i o n a l -.2700

0. .0070 .0140 .0210 .0280 .0350 .0420
Time
When done, close the database and quit PATRAN. File/Quit

LESSON 18
18-9
18-10
LESSON 19
Post Processing with Insight
Objectives:
I Create various Insight tools. I Insight Tools Superposition.
19-2
LESSON 19
Model Description:
In this Exercise you will retrieve a clevis model which was analyzed using MSC/NASTRAN. You will create various Insight tools to display the results of the analysis.

I Open the database, clevis.db. I Create an Insight Isosurface tool of Von Mises stress. The tool should be dened to have 4 isosurfaces. Dene the isosurface attributes to incorporate solid edge display and to be clipped such that the model is rendered shaded below the range and wire frame above the range. I Modify the Isosurface tool making the isosurfaces 90% transparent. I Unpost the isosurface and create a Contour tool of the Von Mises stress. I Dynamically change the minimum, maximum, and number of levels of the current range. I Create a new range called new_range with 12 subranges. Dene its start and end to be 1000 and 8000 respectively. Modify the viewports displayed range to Range1. I Unpost the Contour tool and create a new Isosurface tool dened at x-axis coordinate locations. Dene the tool to have 5 isosurfaces located between -5.95 and -1 inclusive. The isosurface color should be White and the model should be clipped and displayed as free edges above and below the dened isosurface range. I Create a Fringe tool of Von Mises stress and post it on the second isosurface tool.
Exercise Procedure:
1. Open the database, clevis.db. File/Open... Existing Database Name OK 2. Create an Insight Isosurface tool of Von Mises stress. The tool should be dened to have 4 isosurfaces. Dene the isosurface attributes to incorporate solid edge display and to be clipped such that the model is rendered shaded below the range and wireframe above the range. clevis.db
Change the model to an isometric_view.
Click on the Insight radio button in the Main Form. Insight You should see the MSC/PATRAN viewport close and a moment later an Insight viewport will open.
19-4
LESSON 19

The rst Insight tool you will create is an Isosurface of constant Von Mises stress. Action: Tool: Results Selection... Isosurface Result 3.1-Stress Tensor Create Isosurface
Create an Isosurface Tool
Next, create 4 isosurfaces that fall approximately within the range, 3,000 to 13,000. Isovalue Setup... Isovalue Ending Value Number of Isos OK Results Options... Transform Method OK Von Mises 3000 13000 4
Isosurface Attributes... Clip at Isosurface Select render styles such that your models edges appear as Shaded for values less than the selected range and as Wireframe for the values larger than the selected range. < Display: > Display: OK Apply Shaded Wireframe
Modify an Isosurface Tool
Your model should look like the one shown in the gure below.
Modify an Isosurface Tool
3.
Modify the Isosurface tool making the isosurfaces 90% transparent. Modify Isosurface Isos_1
Action: Tool: Existing Isosurfaces Isosurface Attributes... Transparency OK Apply
0.90
19-6
LESSON 19

Your isosurfaces should now look like the one shown below.
4.
Unpost the isosurface and create a Contour tool of the Von Mises stress.
Insight Control/Post/Unpost Tools... Select None Apply Cancel 5. Next, you will create an Insight contour tool. Create Contour
Unpost an Isosurface Tool
Action: Tool: Results Selection... Contour Results OK
Create an Insight Contour Tool
Stress Tensor
Using and Displaying Different Ranges
Apply This creates the contour tool, Contour_1. Your rst contour tool should look like the one shown in the gure below.
Using and Displaying Different Ranges
6.
Dynamically change the minimum, maximum, and number of levels of the current range.
Insight Control/Range Control... From Actions Immediate
Now, try changing the slider bars which dynamically will change the displayed results range. Change the Form Actions back to Upon Apply before continue. By default, the Active Range Method is set to Auto. The Auto range assigns the spectrum range based on the result range of the current tool. Under Insight Control/Range Control, you can change the minimum and maximum values of the range and the number of levels in the range by moving the Min., Max., and Levels slide bars. You can also enter values into the Min., Max., and Levels databoxes. Make the following changes to the Range Control form. Min. Max.
8000 20000
LESSON 19

Levels Apply Cancel Your Contour Tool should look like the one shown in the gure below. 10
When you click on Viewport in the Active Range Method box (do this now), the range associated with the viewport is posted. In this case, the standard range is the active range in the viewport. 7. Unpost the Contour tool and create a new Isosurface tool dened at x-axis coordinate locations. Dene the tool to have 5 isosurfaces located between -5.95 and -1 inclusive. The isosurface color should be White and the model should be clipped and displayed as free edges above and below the dened isosurface range.
Create a Second Isosurface Tool
Insight Control/Post/Unpost Tools... Select Tools to Post Apply Unhighlight Contour Tool
Create a Second Isosurface Tool
Cancel You are going to create an Isosurface tool dened at coordinate locations and then create and target a Fringe tool on the Isosurface tool. Action: Tool: Isosurface Value Coordinate Selection... Existing Coordinate Frame Axes Coordinate Axis Number of Isos Starting Value Ending Value OK Isosurface Attributes... Color: Clip at Isosurface < Display: > Display: OK Apply Free Edge Free Edge White 5 -5.95 -1.0 R- CoordinateFrame(0) X-Axis Create Isosurface Coord
19-10
LESSON 19

Your second isosurface tool should look like the one shown below.
8.
Create a Fringe tool of Von Mises stress and post it on the second isosurface tool. Create Fringe
Action: Tool: Results Selection... Fringe Results OK Target Target Isosurfaces Apply
Create a Fringe Tool Posted on an Isosurface
Stress Tensor
Isosurfaces Isos_2
Create a Fringe Tool Posted on an Isosurface
Your Fringe tool should look similar to the one shown below.
File/Quit
19-12
LESSON 20
Transient and Modal Animation
Objectives:
I Introduce the user to insight animation tools. I Perform standard and quick modal animation. I Perform transient animation.
2 0 1 -
20-2
LESSON 20
Transient and Modal Animation with Insight
Model Description:
In this exercise you will examine the analysis results of a beam model by creating deformed shape plots. You will perform a simple modal animation as well as transient animation with respect to ten calculated mode shapes of a tower.

I Create a new database and name it Mod_insight. I Set New Model Preference tolerance to Default and set the analysis code to MSC/NASTRAN. I Import the Neutral le animation.out. I Use Display/Entity Color/Label/Render to turn off all entity labels. I Use View/Named View Options to select the isometric view. I Read in the results from an MSC/NASTRAN normal mode analysis. The results can be found in Normal_modes.op2 le. I In Insight, create a deformation tool of the rst modal frequency. Use Preferences/Insight to select a wireframe display of the model. I Enable this deformation tool for sinusoidal animation with 10 frames. I Unpost the tool using Insight Control/Post/Unpost Tools. Create a quick modal animation tool for the fth mode. I Unpost the second deformation tool. I Create a transient animation of all modes with respect to the global variable frequency. I Unpost the tool.
Exercise Procedure:
Open a New Database
1. Create a new database. Set the new model preferences by choosing the geometric tolerance and the analysis code and type.
Open a new database and call it Mod_insight.

File/New...
New Database Name:

OK
Mod_insight
In the New Model Preferences form set the geometric tolerance to default, which is .005 units. Set the analysis to MSC/NASTRAN-structural. Tolerance: Analysis Code: Analysis Type:
OK Default MSC/NASTRAN Structural
Import a Neutral le
2.
The nite element model along with the geometry will be imported from a PATRAN 2 neutral le, animation.out.
File/Import...
Object: Source: Import File:

Apply
Model Neutral animation.out
A summary that includes information such as the date the neutral file was originated and a path are displayed in a message window. To continue respond with affirmative.
Question from application NEUTOLD Yes
20-4
LESSON 20

3. Modify the display of the model by orienting the model in an isometric view.
Change the view to isometric by selecting the Iso 1 view.
Change Display
The model should now look like the one below.
4.
A normal modes analysis has been performed on the tower using MSC/NASTRAN solution 103. The results from this analysis is available in an OP2 le. Read in the normal modes from Normal_modes.op2.
Read in Results File
NAnalysis
Select Results File... Read Output2 Result Entities Translate
Selected Results File:

OK
Normal_modes.op2
Apply
5.
Create Deformation Tool
Create an insight deformation tool. The deformation tool will be later used to perform the modal animation. This step is part of the standard approach to performing animation of results, essentially, modal animation. Create a deformation tool of the rst frequency.
N Insight
Action: Tool:
Results Selection... Create Deformation
Current Load Case(s):

Update Results
4.1-DEFAULT, Mode 1: Frequency = 938.732
Deformation Result:
OK
2.1-Eigenvectors,Translational
Apply
Display Preferences
6.
Change the appearance of the model by changing its render style to wireframe. This step is rather a matter of taste.
Preferences/Insight
Display Method:
Apply Cancel
Wireframe
20-6
LESSON 20

The model should now look like the one below
7.
In order to be able to animate insight tools, the tools must be prepared for this purpose. This is done by setting the animation attributes such that the animation is enabled.
Enable Animation
It is more common to set the animation attributes during the tool creation stage in the results selection form. However, for the sake of clarity, it has been done in a separate step for this exercise. Now enable the animation for the tool previously created. To select the deformation tool DF-Deform_1 you need to highlight its name in the Non-Animation Tools list box. The sinusoid animation performs the animation based on the calculated mode shape multiplied by a sine function that varies between 1 and -1.
Insight Control/Animation Control... Setup...
Animation mode: Non-Animation Tool(s):
Animate Tools - 3D DF-Deform_1
Animation Attributes: Animation Type:

OK
Enable Animation Sinusoid
The animation is done based on carrying the simulation through 10 frames. Frames:
Animate 10
The difference between the animation methods is that bounce will do the animation in a complete cycle (rst frame through the last, then last back to rst.) The cycle method will do the animation in one direction only. Try them both to feel the difference. Note that the systems response depends on the platform and the networking arrangement. After pressing the pause switch, it may take a while for the system to respond. In the Animation Control form select
Pause/Stop Animation
Animation Method: Animation Speed:

Pause/Stop Animation
Cycle Set the Slide bar to 50%
Unpost Animation
8.
Stop the animation and prepare for the next step.
In the Animation Control form clear the animation.

Pause/Stop Animation Clear
Question
from Application INSIGHT:
Yes
OK
Next, we will unpost the current tool.

Insight Control/Post/Unpost Tools...
In the Post/Unpost Tools form:

Select None Apply
20-8
LESSON 20

Cancel
9.
A quick modal animation can be performed using a utility designed for this purpose.
In the previous step we did the modal animation using the standard procedure which involved creating a tool, setting up the animation details and performing the animation. Here, a modal animation tool will be created immediately.
Insight Control/Modal Animation... Results Selection...
Modal Animation
In the Results Selection form, select the fth mode. Current Load Case(s)
Update Results 4.5-DEFAULT, Mode 5: Frequency = 4153.65
Deformation Result
OK
2.1-Eigenvectors, Translational
Animate mode:
Animate
N 3D
MSC/PATRAN will then display the animation. The 2D animation mode displays the animation only in the plane it was created in. In contrast, the 3D animation mode allows the rotation of the model, using the middle mouse button, to view the animation from different view point.
10.
Unpost Tool
Clear the animation and unpost the animation tool from display.
Press Cancel in the Modal Animation form. Also, you may unpost the animation tool just created. In the Post/Unpost Tools form:
Select None Apply Cancel
11.
Transient Animation Setup
Next, we will perform transient animation with respect to the calculated natural frequencies of the system.
Transient animation can be performed with respect to global variables dened in MSC/PATRAN. Time, frequency and load cases are examples of these global variables. When selecting the modes in the current load cases databox, one needs to highlight all modes that will be part of the animation. The global variable at which the animation is done with respect to is the frequency. Action:
20-10 PATRAN 301 Exercise Workbook - Release 7.5 Create
LESSON 20

Tool:
Results Selection... Deformation
On the Results Selection form:. Current Load Case(s):

Update Results Select all 10 Modes
Deformation Result:
Animation Attributes
2.1 Eigenvectors, Translational
In the Animation Attributes form:

Enable Animation
Animation Type: Global Variable:

OK
Global Variable Frequency
In the Results Selection form:

OK
In the Insight Imaging form:

Apply
12.
Start the transient animation.
Animation setups such as mode, number of frames and method can be set at this stage. After performing the instruction below, try to experiment with the setting to gain familiarity with this feature.
Insight Control/Animation Control... Setup...
Control Animation
On the Animation Setup form: Frames:

Animate 10
13.
Stop the animation by un-posting the tool.
Unpost Animation Close Database
Refer to step 8 for details on how to clear the display and unpost the animation tool. 14. Terminate the session.
Stop insight by clicking on the insight radio button on the main menu. Close database and quit MSC/PATRAN to complete this exercise.
File/Quit
20-12
LESSON 21
Post-Processing of Time-Dependent Results

49.26 47.23 45.19 18.70 43.15 41.11 39.07 37.04 35.00 32.96 30.92 49.26 28.89 26.85 24.81 22.77 Y 20.73 Z X 18.70 default_Fringe : Max 49.26 @Node 172 Min 18.70 @Node 1759
Objectives:
I Examine the results of a transient thermal analysis. I Create Fringe and X-Y Plots.
21-1
21-2
LESSON 21
Model Description:
In this exercise you will examine the analysis results of the microcircuit model by rendering a variety of plots of the model. You will perform a transient animation. The model was analyzed using MSC/THERMAL.

I Create a new database named microcircuit.db. I Change the Tolerance to Default and the Analysis Code to MSC/THERMAL. I Import the neutral le microcircuit.out. Change the model view to an isometric view, set the render style to Hidden Line, and turn off all the entity labels. I Read into the Microcircuit database the following ve MSC/ THERMAL result les, nr1.nrf.01, nr2.nrf.01, nr3.nrf.01, nr4.nrf.01 and nr5.nrf.01. I Create Fringe Plots of the Temperature values for all the imported result les. I Create the Spectrum range, range_1, where the ranges maximum and minimum values are 62and 18, respectively. Create the Fringe plots of the Temperature values using the Range_1 result range. I Create an XY-Plot of Temperature versus Time for three Node point locations. I Modify the XY-Plot by changing the Legend size and location so the curve titles will lie inside the Legend border. Change the Legend Title to Temperature versus Load Case Index.
Exercise Procedure:
1. Create a new database and name it microcircuit.
File/New... New Database Name: microcircuit

OK The viewport (PATRANs graphics window) will appear along with a New Model Preference form. The New Model Preference sets all the code specic forms and options inside MSC/PATRAN. In the New Model Preference form set the Analysis Code to MSC/THERMAL. Tolerance: Analysis Code: Analysis Type: OK 2. Import the neutral le microcircuit.out. Change the model view to an isometric view, set the render style to Hidden Line, and turn off all the entity labels. N Default MSC/THERMAL Thermal
First, import the neutral le. File/Import... Object: Source: Neutral Files: Apply A conrmation window will appear. MSC/PATRAN echoes the title line of the selected le and queries if this is the correct le. Click Yes. Yes A message will appear asking if neutral le should be committed to PATRAN3 database. Click Yes. Yes Change the view and display by using the following toolbar icons: Model Neutral microcircuit.out
Iso 1 View
Hidden Line
21-4
LESSON 21

3.
Read into the microcircuit database the following ve MSC/THERMAL result les: nr1.nrf.01, nr2.nrf.01, nr3.nrf.01, nr4.nrf.01 and nr5.nrf.01.
N Analysis Action: Object: Select Results File... Filter: Filter Available Files: nr1.nrf.01 ./*.nrf.* Read Result Result Entities
21-5
Select File
Filter /dallas/users/gamel/pf/forms/*.nrf.* Directories /dallas/users/gamel/pf/forms/. /dallas/users/gamel/pf/forms/. /dallas/users/gamel/pf/forms/. Available Files nr1.nrf.01 nr2.nrf.01 nr3.nrf.01 nr4.nrf.01 nr5.nrf.01
Selected Results File /dallas/users/gamel/pf/forms/nr1.nrf.01
OK
Filter
Cancel
OK Select Rslt Template File... Files: OK Apply Perform this operation for the remaining four remaining results les: nr2.nrf.01, nr3.nrf.01, nr4.nrf.01 and nr5.nrf.01. Note: You will only have to select the new result le and not the template le since MSC/PATRAN will use the previous template. 4. Create Fringe Plots of the Temperature values for all the imported result les. pthermal_1_nodal.res_tmpl
Results of a transient analysis are stored as separate result cases for each time step. For example, if a transient run contains 1000 steps the MSCPATRAN database will contain 1000 result cases.
21-6
LESSON 21

You will create a Fringe plot of the Temperature values for each of the time steps. N Results Action: Object: Select Result Case(s)... Select Fringe Result... 5. Create Fringe Select All Result Cases Temperature
Click on the Animation Options.
Animation Method: Select Global Variable: Number of Frames: Interpolation: 6. Click on the Select Results. 5
Global Variable Load Case Index
None
Animate Apply When done viewing animation, stop animation and deselect the animation button. Animate
21-7
Slow animation if necessary. Stop animation when ready. Check off the animation button to disable animation. The model should look similar to the one shown in the gure below.
61.13 25.01 58.72 56.32 53.91 51.50 49.09 46.68 44.28 41.87 39.46 37.05 34.64 32.24 29.83 Y 27.42 X 25.01 default_Fringe : Max 61.13 @Node 190 Min 25.01 @Node 1780
61.13
7.
Click on the Display Attributes button.
8.
Create the Spectrum range, range_1, where the ranges maximum and minimum values are 62 and 18, respectively. Create Fringe plots of the Temperature values once again using range_1.
Range... Dene Range Create... New Range Name: OK Start: End:

21-8
range_1
62 18
LESSON 21

Calculate Apply Assign Target Range to Viewport Cancel Set Range: Post Range to Viewport OK 9. Create an XY-Plot of temperature versus time for three node point locations. range_1
MSC/PATRAN allows you to plot transient results in the form of XY plots. In these plots the X-axis is either time or frequency, and the Y-axis is a dependent variable such as temperature. Create one by doing the following: Action: Object: Method: Select Result Case(s)... Create Graph Y vs X select all cases Result Temperature Global Variable Load Case Index
Y:
Select Y Result: X: Variable: 10.
Click on the Target Entities button.
Target Entity: Node IDs:
Nodes see picture below
21-9
Select the three nodes shown in the gure below. The selected nodes IDs are 319, 199 and 1716.
62.00 59.07 56.13 18.70 53.20 50.27 47.33 44.40 41.47
Select these Nodes

49.26
38.53 35.60 32.67 29.73 26.80 23.87
Y 20.93 Z X 18.00 default_Fringe : Max 49.26 @Node 172 Min 18.70 @Node 1759
Apply
21-10
LESSON 21

Your XY-Plots should look like the ones shown below.
Legend
Node 319: Temperature Node 1376: Temperature Node 1716: Temperature 36.00
30.00
T e 24.00 m p e r a 18.00 t u r e 12.00 ,
6.000
0. 0. .8500 1.700 2.550 3.400 4.250 5.100
The curves become a part of your database. 11. Change the x-axis scale so the numbers shown is the Load Case Number.
N XY Plot Action: Axis: Scale... Number of Primary Tick Marks: Apply Cancel 6 Modify Axis
21-11
12.
Modify the XY-Plot by changing the legend size and location so the curve titles will lie inside the legend border. Change the legend title to Temperature versus Load Case Index.
N XY Plot Action: Object: X Location (%): Y Location (%): Text: Apply Cancel The new XY-Plot is shown below Temperature vs Load Case Index
Node 199: Temperature Node 319: Temperature Node 1716: Temperature
Modify Legend... 47 13 Temperature versus Load Case Index
39.00
32.50
26.00
19.50
13.00
6.500
0. 0. 1.000 2.000 3.000 4.000 5.000
The XY Window and all its attributes are stored in the database.
21-12
LESSON 21

13. Unpost the XY Window. Post XY Window... deselect window by <ctrl> clicking on Results Graph
Action: Object: Post/Unpost XY Windows: Apply
The XY Window should disappear from the screen. In future should you wish to re-display this XY Window, you would simply re-post it. No need to read in template and XY data les, everything is stored. When done, close the database. File/Quit
21-13
21-14
LESSON 21
Importing a PATRAN 2.5 Model into P3
Objectives:
I Read a PATRAN 2.5 neutral le into P3. I Import PATRAN 2.5 result les into your P3 database. I Work with multiple load cases.
21-1
21-2
LESSON 21
Model Description:
In this Exercise we will read in a neutral le containing a model of a bellows expansion joint. The neutral le contains Phase I and Phase II information, as well as GFEG and CFEG tables, two named components: PH1 and PH2, a pressure load, and 3 displacement sets. After verifying input of the model and viewing the various loading conditions, we will import PATRAN 2.5 formatted results les.

I Create a new database with analysis code preference of ABAQUS and name it bellows.db. I Read in the neutral le bellows.out. I Post only the group named PH2 and make it current. I Create Load Cases to correspond to analysis conditions of: Symmetry conditions (Displacement set 1000) plus a pressure load (Pressure set 100), Enforced displacement in the global y-direction (Displacement set 2000), and Enforced displacement in (Displacement set 3000). the axial direction
I Plot markers to verify loads and boundary conditions. I Inspect element and material properties. I Import PATRAN 2.5 displacement result les bellows_stp1i1.dis.1, bellows_stp2i1.dis.1, bellows_stp3i1.dis.1. I View the imported results.
Exercise Procedure:
1. Create a new database. Name it bellows.
21-3
Type p3 in your xterm. The Main Window and Command Window will appear. File/New... New Database Name: OK The viewport (PATRANs graphics window) will appear along with a New Model Preference form. The New Model Preference sets all the code specic forms and options inside MSC/PATRAN. In the New Model Preference form set the Analysis Code to ABAQUS. Tolerance: Analysis Code: Analysis Type: OK 2. Read in the neutral le bellows.out. N Default MSC/ABAQUS Structural bellows
Prior to reading in the neutral le, well dene the display attributes we want. Use the following toolbar icons:
Iso 1 View
Display lines
File/Import... File Name: Apply Recall that in PATRAN 2.5 element properties were code specic and the 2.5 neutral le records for element properties were not directly mapped to any particular property name. Therefore we will check all properties created for our property sets as part of this exercise. bellows.out
21-4
LESSON 21

Your model should appear as shown below.
3.
Post only the group named PH2 and make it current.
To check which groups have been created, do the following: Group/Post... The groups in your model are: default_group, and named components PH1 and PH2. Select Groups to Post: Apply Cancel 4. Create three load cases: one for symmetry, one for enforced y-displacement, and one for enforced axial displacement. PH2
The rst load case corresponds to all displacements of set 1000 and pressures of set 100. N Load Cases
Action: Load Case Name: Description: Description:
Create step_1 enter the text shown below Symmetry conditions in the circumferential direction, symmetry conditions in axial direction on free edge of shell elements, translational axial constraint on free face of solid elements, internal pressure of 55 psi
Assign/Prioritize Load/BCs You will select the Load BCs to add to the spreadsheet until all of the DISPL.1000 and PRESS.100 appear as on the form bellow.
21-6
LESSON 21

Note: You can use click and drag to highlight the LBCs, but be very careful not to select any of the LBCs more than once. Each time you select it will increase the scale factor by the magnitude in the Selection Multiplier. If you accidentally select a LBC more than once simply change the LBC Scaling Mode to Overwrite and reselect. When your Assign/Prioritize Load/ BCs form looks like the one on the previous page you may proceed. Ok Apply To view the Load/BCs you just prioritized go to Load/BCs on the main form. N Load/BCs Action: Current Load Case: Assigned Load/BC Sets: Select Groups Apply Plot Markers step_1 hold down shift to select only the displacements PH2
21-7
Your model should now appear as shown below:
The second load case corresponds to all displacements of set 2000. Be sure to deselect all the LBCs you picked in step 1. Action: Load Case Name: Description: Description: Create step_2 enter the text shown below Enforced displacement of 0.5 inches in the global y-direction applied to every point on solid elements
Assign/Prioritize Load/BCs Remove All Rows
21-8
LESSON 21

You will select the Load BCs to add to the spreadsheet until all of the DISPL.2000 appear as on the form bellow.
Ok Apply To view the any combination of the loads you have applied repeat the same step as you did for step_1. The third load case corresponds to all displacements of set 3000. Action: Create
21-9
Load Case Name: Description: Description:
step_3 enter the text shown below
Enforced displacement of 0.5 inches in the axial direction on the free face of solid elements symmetry conditions in the circumferential direction, symmetry conditions in axial direction on free edge of shell elements
Assign/Prioritize Load/BCs Remove All Rows You will select the Load BCs to add to the spreadsheet until all of the DISPL.3000 appear as on the form bellow.
21-10
LESSON 21
Ok Apply 5. Inspect the element and material properties
First check the material denitions in the model. N Materials Action: Existing Materials Show Properties... Inspect the properties that appear. Then check the second material. Action: Existing Materials Show Properties... The displayed properties give information similar to PATRAN 2.5s PMAT,#,SHOW. In the next step you will color-code the elements based on their associated materials. Now check the element property denitions in the model. N Properties Action: Select Property: Display Method: Select Groups: Apply Show Material Name Scalar Plot PH2 Show MATRL.2 Show MATRL.1
21-11
Your model should appear as shown below:
To reset the graphics before you perform the next step, click on the following main form icon: Reset Graphics
There are beam elements in this model. To verify their orientation perform the following steps: Action: Select Property: Display Method: Select Groups: Apply Show Denition of XY Plane Vector Plot PH2
21-12
LESSON 21

Your model should now appear as shown below:
To reset the graphics before you perform the next step, click on the following main form icon: Reset Graphics
This procedure is like a RUN,YBEAM in PATRAN 2.5. To perform the equivalent of a PROP,#,SHOW, which shows the actual value of the point used to dene the beams XY-plane, complete the following steps: Action: Select Prop. Set to Modify: Modify P_SET.100
In the Modify Properties from scroll down to Denition of XY Plane. You can now see that the beam XY-plane is dened by the plane passing through the beam longitudinal axis (default) and the vector emanating from the beam origin in the vector direction <1,0,0>. Highlight each remaining property set and inspect its corresponding properties.
21-13
To close the Element Properties from, click the following: N Properties 6. Import the PATRAN 2.5 displacement result les: bellows_stp1i1.dis.1, bellows_stp2i1.dis.1, bellows_stp3i1.dis.1
File/Import... Object Format: Results PATRAN2.dis.*
A Template for PATRAN 2.5 Import Results form will be displayed. Templates are necessary because PATRAN 3 refers to result-types by name whereas PATRAN 2.5 simply understands column numbers. The templates are the assignment map for the result-type name to the data in each column. Templates are selected to provide the mapping for the various analysis codes (in this exercise ABAQUS).
21-14
LESSON 21

Select abaqus_dis.res_tmpl, and click on the OK button.
Template for PATRAN 2.5 Import Results
Filter /patran/patran3/res_templates/*.res_tmpl Directories /patran/patran3/res_templates/. /patran/patran3/res_templates/.. Files abaqus_acc.res_tmpl abaqus_dis.res_tmpl abaqus_els.res_tmpl abaqus_els_noshell.res_tmpl abaqus_nod.res_tmpl abaqus_nod_noshell.res_tmpl abaqus_vel.res_tmpl
Template File /patran/patran3/res_templates/abaqus_dis.res_tmpl
- OK -
Filter
Cancel
OK On the Import form bellows_stp1i1.dis.1 PATRAN 2.5 .dis Files: Apply Now that you have imported the rst results le, import the second as well using the File/Import procedure used above. To import results for the third and nal load case, you could repeat the above procedure or you could use a technique that is frequently used with PATRAN 2.5. In PATRAN 2.5 you could recall previous commands, edit and resubmit them. By performing the following steps you can also do this in P3. The Main Form contains both a history window and a command line. Previously submitted commands can be accessed by clicking on them in the history window. This copies the command to the command line, where it can be edited and submitted.
select
the
displacement
result
le,
bellows_stp1i1.dis.1
In the history window portion of the Main Form, click on the command used to import results resold_import_results. The line moves down into the command line portion of the window. Change the 2 in bellows_stp2i1.dis.1 to a 3
uil_app_results.set_update_display() resold_import_results(/usr/people/pat301/pat301_exercises/bellows_stp2i1.dis.1,D,1Euil_app_results.set_update_display() resold_import_results(/usr/people/pat301/pat301_exercises/bellows_stp3i1.dis.1,D,1E-
Click on this line in the history window to move a copy to the command line Hit carriage return.
Edit the lename to be bellows_stp3i1.dis.1
You have now completed reading in displacement results for all three of our load cases. Next you will view them. 7. View the imported Results.
N Results Action: Object: Create Quick Plot
Select any result case, pick any deformation result, and click Apply. Apply View as many results as you wish. When done, close the database. File/Close This ends the exercise.
21-16

LEARN PATRAN BASICS

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

LEARN PATRAN BASICS

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

LESSON 1

Release 7.5 Exercise PATRAN Workbook 301 -

Playing a Session File

Notice the Filter databox. Filter /*.ses*

Changing the Filter

The PATRAN Heartbeat

Refresh, Undo and Display Cleanup

Release 7.5 Exercise PATRAN Workbook 301 -

Moving, resizing and iconifying

The window will close and an icon will appear.

Release 7.5 Exercise PATRAN Workbook 301 -

PATRAN on-line help system

You should now see the following two forms. Plot/Erase

Selected Entities databox.

Erase All FEM

Release 7.5 Exercise PATRAN Workbook 301 -

First Click Here

Then Click Here

Then Shift-click here

First click here

and drag it to here.

Second click here Third click here

Fifth click here

Fourth click here

The nal step of this exercise is to stop MSCPATRAN.

Release 7.5 Exercise PATRAN Workbook 301 -

Release 7.5 Exercise PATRAN Workbook 301 -

Importing Geometry from an IGES le

PATRAN 301 Exercise Workbook - Release 7.5

PATRAN 301 Exercise Workbook - Release 7.5

Importing Geometry from an IGES le

PATRAN 301 Exercise Workbook - Release 7.5

Suggested Exercise Steps:

File/New... New Database Name: OK gadget

PATRAN 301 Exercise Workbook - Release 7.5

Importing Geometry from an IGES le

Viewing/ NamedView Option

PATRAN 301 Exercise Workbook - Release 7.5

$# Created view my_view. ga_view_create(my_view,default_viewport) ga_view_sr_set(30.,0,0)

PATRAN 301 Exercise Workbook - Release 7.5

Importing Geometry from an IGES le

Check for any missing surface on the solid model.

Display/Entity Color/Label/Render... Render Styles: Apply Shaded/Smooth

Check Missing Surface

PATRAN 301 Exercise Workbook - Release 7.5

sys_poll_option(0) renderstyle(Shaded/Smooth) sys_poll_option(2)

PATRAN 301 Exercise Workbook - Release 7.5

Importing Geometry from an IGES le

Verify Surface Boundaries

Zoom in using Select Corners

PATRAN 301 Exercise Workbook - Release 7.5

Your viewport should appear as follows

PATRAN 301 Exercise Workbook - Release 7.5

Importing Geometry from an IGES le

Create SurfaceCurve Method

Starting Curve List: Ending Curve List:

Surface 9.1 Surface 10.1

PATRAN 301 Exercise Workbook - Release 7.5 2-11

Surface 9.1 Surface 10.1

PATRAN 301 Exercise Workbook - Release 7.5

Importing Geometry from an IGES le

Viewing/ Select Corners option

Notice the Filter databox. Filter /.ses