Examine the images above

What do you notice? What does it tell you about Africa?

The images above tells me that Africa _____________________.

On your white boards, identify which image you think is most

poignant (or most powerful). Justify your response.

Image ______ is most poignant because _______________________. EQ: What are the long term effects of European Imperialism on Africa?

Look at the borders in this map.

Black borders are modern political

borders that were heavily influenced by the Berlin Conference. Red borders are of tradition African ethnic groups

Think/Write/Share Make a Prediction:

How has European Imperialism and the

drawing of borders in Africa impacted Africa today? European Imperialism and the drawing of borders in Africa have impacted Africa today by ________.
EQ: What are the long term effects of European Imperialism on Africa?

When the Europeans established colonial boundaries, they ignored existing ethnic or cultural divisions that existed for many years . (See MAP)
New borders divided people (communities)
Often times rival groups were grouped

together

What long-term impacts does the grouping of rival groups have? After the Europeans withdrew, these borders made it difficult for many groups to coexist with one another.

CFU: Think/ Write/ Share Once the Europeans began to withdrawal from Africa, why do you think it was difficult for African nations to establish a national identity?

EQ: What are the long term effects of European Imperialism on Africa?

When countries like Britain and France gave up their African colonies, they left fragile democracies in place.
Democracy = A form of government where people

directly vote for the governments decisions.

Think/pair/share: Identify at least one social, political, or economic problem that would threaten democracy.
Rival groups fought for control
Strong militaries were used to secure

political/government control Military dictatorships started to replace some democracies EQ: What are the long term effects of European Imperialism on Africa?

Proxy war war that results when opposing powers use 3rd party nations as substitutes for fighting each other directly.
The U.S. and the Soviet Union did NOT want

to fight one another during the Cold War (1945 1991). They would often support third party countries that would engage in warfare instead. These countries often were having a power struggle (government up for grabs), and the U.S. would support the Democracy side while the Soviet Union would support the communist/socialist side.

CFU Think / Write / Share

How did the existence of proxy wars in Africa relate to the following: 1. Illogical borders from European Imperialism? 2. Challenges to democracy

EQ: What are the long term effects of European Imperialism on Africa?