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HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE 2
Reporters: Erika Kahanap, Kim Larisma, Miriam Oafallas, Karen Isidoro, Janrose Carpio
Plan
Architectural Character
( Exterior )
Westwork
The faade has a crowning rose window flanked by two towers and crenelated parapet on top 34 meter wide and 20 meter deep, having three portals the central one is larger than others. Entrances have free standing jamb figures which connects the three portals The overall design of the faade has a resemblance to a Roman city gatehouse helps to emphasise the traditional notion of great churches
Last Judgement twenty-four elders of the Apocalypse decorated arch Door post wise and foolish virgins Also contains carvings from 12th century of Dove and Lamb, God an Christ
Tympanum
South facade
Architectural Character
( Interior )
The Choir
Clerestory window
The Nave
Rose Window
Axial Chapel
Tombs
Ambulatory
The Crypt
Amiens Cathedral
Reporter: Kim Larisma
Amiens Cathedral
Roman Catholic Cathedral 42.30 meters (138.8 ft) height of stone vaulted nave built between 1220 and 1270 1981 - UNESCO World Heritage site Renowed for the quality and quantity of early 13th Gothic sculpture in west faade, south transept portal and large quality of polychrome sculpture.
West Facade
Left Jamb
Nave
Transept
LAON CATHEDRAL
Cathdrale Notre-Dame de Laon Picardy, France 1160 1230
nave
SOISSONS CATHEDRAL
Cathdrale Saint-Gervais-SaintProtais Soissons, France 1197 1479
single western tower unusual transept that is rounded in the south with the a flat north arm south transept has four-story elevation (arcade, gallery, triforium, and clerestory)
FORTIFIED TOWNS
city wall, defensive wall protection two outer walls towers bridge over moat
Carcassonne
Chteau Plessis-Bourre
Aigues-Mortes
PALAIS DE JUSTICE
originally a medieval royal castle law court 1835-1842
courtyard colonnade
HISTORY
o According to tradition, Chartres Cathedral has housed the tunic of the Blessed Virgin Mary, the Sancta Camisia, since 876. o The present cathedral is one of several French Gothic masterpieces built because fire had destroyed its predecessors. o After the first cathedral of any great substance burnt down in 1020, a glorious new Romanesque basilica with a massive crypt was built under the direction of Bishop Fulbert and later Geoffroy de Lves. o The construction project used the plans laid out by the first architect in order to preserve the harmonious aspect of the cathedral. o Work began first on the nave and by 1220 the main structure was complete, with the old crypt, the west towers and the west facade incorporated into the new building. On October 24, 1260, the cathedral was finally dedicated in the presence of King Louis IX and his family. o Chartres Cathedral was never destroyed nor looted during the French Revolution and the numerous restorations never have altered its glorious beauty. It always stayed the same: a great triumph of Gothic art. The cathedral was added to UNESCO's list of World Heritage Sites in 1979.
General Exterior
Floor plan of Chartres Cathedral
a Latin cross with three aisles a short transept and an ambulatory The rounded east end has five semi-circular radiating chapels The high nave is supported by double flying buttresses An extra row of single flying buttresses supported the apse from the beginning and a third row was added in the 14th century o They were necessitated by the unprecedented size of the clerestory windows and the height of the nave o The only aspect detracting from Chartres Cathedral's elegant symmetry are the mismatched west spires o In additon to the famed west front, both transepts have large rose windows, flanking towers and three sculptured portals each. This design was modeled on the rose-windowed transepts at Laon Cathedral, but the three-portal layout is unique to Chartres o o o o o
The monumental faade standing to the west is impressive by its soaring height, emphasised by the two high towers that frame it. It is a very important work from the 12th century at the transition between Romanesque and Gothic art. It reflects the Byzantine influence driven by crusaders. The three large 12th century stained glass windows overhang the royal portal, from which they are separated by modillions representing human heads. They were inspired by Romanesque art. The upper part of the faade was added when the Gothic cathedral was built after the 1194 fire. Above it is located the opening of rose window which illustrates the Last Judgement from the inside. The rose window is topped by a Gallery of Kings and a gable, where you can see the Virgin with Child, then at the top Christ blessing.
Behind the statues, the decor represents the last sparks of Romanesque style: interlaced designs, small columns, acanthus leaves.
The Chevet
numerous flying buttresses layout of minor apses, choir and transept arms two towers opened by twin bays and comprising a corner turret The balustrade which heads to the top links them to the choir
The Labyrinth
A work from the 12th century, it has a circular geometrical shape across the whole width of the main naves pavement, between the third and the fourth bays
The labyrinth seemed to represent a symbolic road where man meets God. The centre of the large design would therefore symbolise New Jerusalem, the hereafter. Its path is 261 metres long and the pilgrims used to walk along it on their knees during the celebrations of the Virgin Mary
Windows
The Stained Glass Window of Notre-Dame de la Belle Verrire
Notre-Dame de la Belle Verrire is a famous stained glass window, due to its exceptional and inimitable cobalt blue colour, the secret formula of which has not been discovered.
Clerestory Windows
Notre-Dame de Reims
BRIEF HISTORY
THE BASILICA CLOVIS WAS BAPTIZED BY SAINT REMI, BISHOPS OF REIMS IN 496 AD.
BURNED DOWN IN 1211
TRANSEPTS