TOPIC :

PEDAGOGICAL CONTENT KNOWLEDGE 2

PCK 2 :

Buoyancy, Floating And Sinking

OBJECTIVE: To investigate conditions essential for buoyancy, floating and sinking.

THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE:

Buoyancy is an upward force that keeps things a float. The net upward buoyancy force is equal to the magnitude of the weight of fluid displaced by the body. This force enables the object to float or at least seem lighter. The factors that affect the buoyancy of an object are density of liquid, addition of load, surface area of an object and shape or structure of object. If the weight of an object is less than the weight of the displaced fluid when fully submerged, then the object has an average density that is less than the fluid and has buoyancy that is greater than its own weight. If the fluid has a surface, such as water in a lake or the sea, the object will float at a level where it displaces the same weight of fluid as the weight of the object. If the object is immersed in the fluid, such as a submerged submarine or air in a balloon, it will tend to rise. If the object has exactly the same density as the fluid, then its buoyancy equals its weight. It will remain submerged in the fluid, but it will neither sink nor float. An object with a higher average density than the fluid has less buoyancy than weight and it will sink.

PROBLEM STATEMENT: What are the essential conditions for buoyancy, floating and sinking?

MATERIALS: Two measuring cylinder, saline solution, 2 eggs. Water trough and 5 balls plasticine.

Activtity : Investigating why a body float or sink in a body of liquid.

PROCEDURES: 1. Two measuring cylinder is filled with full, one with tap water and the other with saline solution. An egg is placed in each. Observation is recorded. 2. 3 balls of plasticene are taken and each ball measured 50g. 2 of the balls are fashioned into the shape of a boat, one with lower sides and the other with higher sides. 3. The 50g ball and two boats are placed into water through that filled full of water. Observations are recorded. 4. Another two 50g ball are taken and slowly placed each other of them at the center of each boat. Observations are recorded. 5. Inferences for each of the observations are stated.

RESULT:

Procedure

observation The egg in tap water

Inferences Egg is denser than tap water. Saline solution is denser than egg.

Procedure 1

sinks and the egg in saline solution floats.

Ball has no enough upward force by Procedure 3 50g ball sinks and two boats float. the water, which is why it sinks. Boats pushes aside more water and have enough upward force so it float Boat and 50g ball with Procedure 4 low sides sinks. Boat and 50g ball with higher side sinks. . Due to the additional of mass.

DISCUSSIONS:

From the data we can see that the egg float because the saline changes the density of the water. We must clean the cylinder properly before use it because any unknown things inside the cylinder can affect the result of experiment. Buoyancy is the upward force that keeps things a float. The net upward buoyancy force is equal to the magnitude of the weight of fluid displaced by the body. This force enables the object to float or at least seem lighter.

The boat that is made up from plasticene and the ball from plasticene has the same weight. However, the ball takes up a smaller space than the boat shape. When the ball is put into the water, the ball pushes less water out of its way than 3

does the pan. The amount of water pushed aside or "displaced" by an object equals the amount of force that the water pushes upward on the object.

If there is no enough upward force by the water, then the object will sink. For the plasticene ball, there was no enough upward force by the water so it sank. The boat floats because it pushed aside more water and there was enough upward force to cause it to float.

Even though a large ship is heavy, its shape displaces large amounts of water and the upward force from the water keeps them afloat. It also has hollow compartments filled with air, which increases their buoyancy.

QUESTIONS:

1.

Why does an object float or sink in a body of liquid?

An object floats when the net force between the thrust force and the gravity force is balanced. An object sinks when the gravity force is larger than the thrust force. In sum, it depends on the buoyancy of the object. If the buoyancy of an object exceeds its weight, it tends to rise. An object whose weight exceeds its buoyancy will tend to sink.

2.

Can an object which is denser than water float on water? Explain.

Yes, an object which is denser than water floats on water. This is because; the shape of the object can make the thrust force to hold the object even if the object is denser than water.

3.

State the factors which affect the buoyancy of an object. The factors which affect the buoyancy of an object are: a) density of liquid b) addition of mass c) surface area of an object d) structure of an object

MASTERY OF KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS QUESTIONS: a) What have you learnt from these activities? I have learned the concept of float and sink deeply. I get to know the factors that can affect float and sink. I also learn the condition essential for buoyancy, floating and sinking. Besides, I can determine the structure of an object that can float and sink and the relation between the buoyancy with floating and sinking of an object. In overall, I have learned how to handle the instrument and materials that involved in the experiment correctly. The concept also makes me realize about its important in our daily live which is so important.

b) Which part of the primary science curriculum teaches this particular topic?

Level 1 (Year 1 Year 3) in theme of Learning About The World Around Us, by the topic of Finding Out About Thing That Float And Sink.

c) Discuss how you can use these activities in your teaching and learning?

First, I must explain to the student about the concept of buoyancy, floating and sinking by using appropriate teaching aid materials to make sure the students understand the concept first before let them carry out the experiment by themselves. Then, I have to give a clearly briefing regarding the experiment to the students and teach the skills required in this experiment. Before doing the experiment, I can give a demonstration to the students on how to set both types of machine and how to use the apparatus involved well in order to get the accurate results. Besides that, I can also ask student to build any shape that can float on the water as for hands- on activity. I will give them question about this practical on application of this experiment in the real phenomenon that occurs in daily life. Then, the student will get the information about where the concept is applied. Then, I will give them some daily situation in our life with some application exercise that related to this experiment to acknowledge the students about this topic.

d) What was the role of the teacher in these activities?

Teacher acts as a facilitator and guider where having to observe the flow of the experiment among the student to make sure they do correctly.

Teacher as a theory builder and a problem solver and question initiator.

CONCLUSION:

Floating and sinking of an object depends on the buoyancy of the object.

REFERENCES: Foo Seng Teek, Sia Yong Soon, Yee Cheng Teik, Chong Geok Chuan. (2003). Sukses Fizik SPM. Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan: Penerbit Fajar Bakti Sdn. Bhd. Lam Chok Sam, Lim Seang Kee. (2009). New Vision 3G SPM Physics. Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan: Marshall Cavendish (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd. Cheong Foon Choong (2006); Longman Physics Matriculation Study Giude Semester 1; Pearson Malaysia Sdn. Bhd.; Petaling Jaya, Selangor. Dr. Nor Sabirn Mohamed (2006); College Matriculation Physics Semester I SF017 ; Higher Learning Publishers Sdn. Bhd. ; Subang Jaya, Selangor.

Poh Swee Hiang (2005); Pedagogy of Science Volume 1 for Post Graduate Diploma in Teaching (KPLI); Kumpulan Budima Sdn. Bhd.; Subang Jaya.

http://www.lessonplanspage.com/ScienceWillTheBoatSinkOrFloat4.htm. Float and Sink. Accessed on 2 April 2010.