Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Acknowledgements
This project was made possible with the support of the School of Urban and Regional Planning Ryerson University and Faith In The City Steering Committee. We thank the faculty members of the program and clients for their constructive guidance, valuable insights and project support: Nancy Alcock, Steven Webber, Greg Daly and Dr. Mike Wood-Daly. We express our deepest gratitude and appreciation to everyone who has had a hand in the successful completion of the project.
Report Summary
Faith-based organizations are increasingly being recognized for the positive impacts they have on the livability of neighbourhoods. Literature argues that faith groups not only fulfill the spiritual needs but also provide social and welfare services to address the socioeconomic issues communities face. City building is dependant on the involvement, cooperation, coordination and collaboration of stakeholders from the private, public, not-for-profit and faith sectors. The structural and systematic issues of service delivery requires a planning framework that will allow for a more efficient and balanced approach. This will focus on coordinating faith-based efforts on issues associating with social and economic importance of the community and city. This report identifies policy tools and practices that could be used to better coordinate these efforts and encourage more interfaith and cross-sector collaboration in the City of Toronto creating a more efficient delivery system for social services. This report provides indicators of program users and an assessment of the current state of city and faith-based programs and services.
Kwadwo Adu Yuri Bindas Jesse George Sherwin Openia Leonardo Pentrunti Massimo Scalfari Carmina Tupe Kevin Wong Rachel Yuzon
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 INTRODUCTION .................................................................... 7 1.1 Faith-Based Organizations .............................................7 1.2 City Building with Faith-Based Organizations ................7 1.3 Faith-Based Efforts in Toronto .......................................8 1.4 Current Policy and Planning Practices ...........................9 2.0 THE RESEARCH PROJECT ......................................................10 2.1 Faith in the City ............................................................10 2.2 Objectives ....................................................................11 2.3 Methodology ...............................................................12 2.3.1 Survey ...........................................................12 2.3.2 Interviews .....................................................13 2.3.3 Census Data ..................................................13 2.3.4 Case Studies ..................................................14 2.3.5 Policy Research .............................................14 3.0 KEY FINDINGS ......................................................................15 3.1 Needs and Services ......................................................15 3.1.1 Ward 27: Toronto Centre-Rosedale ...............17 3.1.2 Ward 33: Don Valley East ............................. 24 3.2 Education and Awareness ............................................31 3.2.1 Cultural and Lifestyle Differences ..................31 3.2.2 Generational Differences ...............................32 3.2.3 Informal Methods of Education and Awareness ...........................................33 3.2.4 Formal Methods of Education and Awareness ...........................................33 3.3 Engagement and WIllingness to Collaborate ...............33 3.4 Resources and Funding ................................................34 3.5 Sense of Significance ....................................................34 4.0 RECOMMENDATIONS ...........................................................35 4.1 Toronto Policy ...............................................................35 4.2 Creating a Faith-Based Service Database .....................36 4.3 Network Building .........................................................36 4.4 Evaluating Progress ......................................................37 5.0 CONCLUSION .......................................................................38 6.0 APPENDICES ........................................................................41 6.1 Ward 33 Survey Data ...................................................41 6.2 Summary of Interview Findings ...................................42 6.3 Hamilton Report Summary ..........................................44 6.3.1 Strengthening Newcomers Service ...............47 6.3.2 Neighborhood Strategy Summary ................47 6.4 Case Study Findings .....................................................49 6.4.1 Islamic Cultural Centre of New York .............49 6.4.2 Interfaith Youth Core ....................................50 6.4.3 Lessons from New Orleans ...........................50 6.4.4 Hillbrow Fait Sector ......................................50 6.4.5 Faith and Welcoming Communities Forum Post-Forum .................................................51 7.0 BIBLIOGRAPHY ....................................................................53 4 fc consultants fc consultants 5
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Faith-Based Organizations
Faith-based Organizations (FBOs) are community groups that are based on a religious ideology, initiated by a religious institution and/or receive substantial support from a religious organization (Scott, 2003). Apart from religious affiliations, FBOs operate on the same level as other community groups in terms of their common focus and ability to draw human, financial and infrastructural resources such as staff, volunteers, leadership, funding, and meeting space. Faith-based organizations can take shape in the form of; 1) a religious congregation (church, mosque, synagogue, or temple) 2) an organization, program or project sponsored/hosted by a religious congregation (may or may not be incorporated) 3) a non-profit organization founded by a religious congregation or religiously-motivated incorporators and board members that clearly states in its name, incorporation or missions statement that is a religiously motivated institution 4) a collaboration of organizations that clearly and explicitly include religious organizations
The focus of this project is to understand the implications FBOs have on their surrounding neighborhoods and the potential to scale up their efforts citywide within a collaborative framework. The size and geographical reach of FBOs are identified as determinants of the scale of operation and services provided. Local congregations, interfaith agencies, ecumenical coalitions, and city-wide agencies are of specific interest and relevant to the scope of this project.
Dr. John Joseph Mastrandrea of the GTA Council of Christian Churches speak at City Hall against Torontos construction of a Casino.
Photo: Church, Elizabeth. (2013). Religious leaders join forces against Toronto casino proposal. Retrieved From: theglobeandmail.com
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This comprehensive review has determined that Torontos economy continues to grow with an additional 39,000 jobs per annum added to the local economy (City of Toronto, 2013). Toronto benefits from an abundance of urban diversity and ensures that its civic economy maintains the multicultural identity adopted by the Citys motto. Due to sufficient housing stock and secured employment lands, the goals of FBOs within the City Of Toronto can be interfaith driven through the use of new and existing space. The benefits received by the municipality can be guided through a public-private partnership process, permitting stakeholders to receive a marginalized profit through rental accommodations for interfaith collaborations provided by the municipality.
The barriers that can be found in the current city policy are that without actual reference to faith organizations, these policies are vague to FBOs in The City of Toronto. The application of these policies does include considerations of FBOs but, in context, they fail to provide an explicit plan that will support the works of faith communities. In current policy structure, the community programs provide no funding for FBOs. While it is not the municipal sectors responsibility to fund faith organizations, without sustainable sources of capital and support of the municipality, FBOs may face difficulty finding an incentive to collaborate with the City and other faith groups.
Reverend Dr. Brent Hawkes of Metropolitan Community Church of Toronto initiated the project after recognizing the opportunity to harness the ability of faith groups to create change in their community. This would occur through better coordination and a unified goal on social issues. When approached, both Reverend Christopher White of Fairlawn Avenue United Church and Ward 21 Councillor, Joe Mihevc, showed interest in the project, believing in the potential opportunity for city building. The project was launched with the formation of the Faith in the City Steering Committee, originally consisting of Dr. Brent Hawkes, Reverend Christopher White, Ward 21 Councillor Joe Mihevc, Ward 19 Councillor Michael Layton, Ward 13 Councillor Sarah Doucette, Oasis Community Centre Church Pastor Joe Abbey-Coulborne and Habeeb Alli, Secretary of the Canadian Council of Imams, as the initial members. The Faith in the City research project is not a justification of downloading service delivery to faith communities. Service provision should be properly balanced within the adequate sectors responsible for it. Interfaith activity is a component of the NGO sector that has the ability to operate in a collaborative advocacy capacity while simultaneously delivering community services. FCCs objective is to harness this capacity within the City of Torontos faith community.
2.2 Objectives
The objective of research of the project is to fulfill the mandate of increasing the participation of faith communities in city building and community service activities within Toronto. This study was prepared to create a practical approach to community development that strategically coordinates the existing initiatives of faith groups and other social service providers. FCC has not examined structures of interfaith dialogue in its research but recognizes it as a component of interfaith collaboration. Dialogue in the context of interfaith collaboration should be action oriented and have definite goals in mind that contribute to city building and community service objectives. The Faith in the City research project is not a justification of downloading service delivery to faith communities. Service provision should be properly balanced within the adequate sectors responsible for it. Interfaith activity is a component of the NGO sector that has the ability to operate in a collaborative advocacy capacity while simultaneously delivering community services. FCCs objective is to harness this capacity within the City of Torontos faith community. For the purpose of the project and its objectives, spiritualism and evangelism fall outside of the scope of the collaborative advocacy in city building and community service delivery. Increasing spirituality and evangelism is not of interest in the project, although it can be considered a type of service that faith-based organizations provide. The focus of the project is to provide a forum that will extend the vision of socially minded, faith-motivated people beyond the walls of their respective places of worship to work together and meet the needs of the City. The project is focused solely on service delivery and the stakeholders who have a hand in delivering these services. fc consultants 11
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2.3 Methodology
Faith City Consultants utilized a multi-faceted research approach in the completion of its work toward the Faith in the City project. Primary research was conducted in the form of surveys and interviews examining work done by faith leaders and FBOs in Toronto, New York and Chicago. Secondary research covered the analysis of Census Canada data and case studies of interfaith collaboration completed through literature reviews and the examination of programs in other jurisdictions. Finally, analysis of current City of Toronto policy was also a necessary component of FCCs secondary research.
2.3.2 Interviews
As a major part of its research process, FCC attempted to conduct interviews with faith leaders in the four target wards and completed two other consolatory interviews in Chicago with representatives of the Interfaith Youth Core (IFYC) and in Manhattan with the Islamic Cultural Centre of New York (ICCNY). Interviews with the IFYC and ICCNY gave insight on the theoretical underpinnings of interfaith collaboration; the types of city building activities that arise from work in the faith community, and the strategies necessary to enhance this work. As well, widely applicable approaches for service delivery were also taken from the consultations. Interviews conducted within the city aided in assessing the standards of available faith based programs and services, and opportunities for expansion in service delivery through collaboration. Interviews in the target Wards were successfully completed in all wards except 42 where the necessary response from FBOs to schedule interviews was inadequate. All interviews followed an open discussion format based on a list of questions that can be found in the Appendix.
2.3.1 Survey
Originally the Faith in the City Steering Committee prepared a survey to be implemented in six Wards as a test case to measure existing programs and services. FCC consulted with the Steering Committee to scale the reach of the project to four Wards (27 Toronto Centre Rosedale, 33 Don Valley East, 42 Scarborough Rouge River and 13 Parkdale High Park) based on their geographic locations in the city; they represented areas in the north, east, west and central portions of Toronto. The original survey effort, which was completed by mailing the surveys to faith organizations, did not have a substantial uptake in any of the Wards it was originally administered in causing FCC to scale the survey effort back to Ward 33. Don Valley East was chosen as a second test case to verify the best method for obtaining feedback from the faith community. FCC originally attempted to contact faith groups in the ward by phone and email, which yielded inadequate response. The survey was ultimately administered by members of FCC going out to the faith groups of the Ward during their scheduled times of worship in order to ensure their availability.
Graphic taken in the lobby of the Interfaith Youth Core (IFYC) headquarters (FCC, 2013)
Islamic Cultural Center of New York taken by Faith City Consultants (FCC, 2013)
Census data for the four target wards was examined in order to quantify the economic and demographic needs of each areas population. This data was processed into ward profiles that made conclusions based on changes in demographic trends between 2006 and 2011. It should be noted that there were changes in the methods of data collection between the publishing of those censuses. Also, because Census Canada Census Tract boundaries do not match the City of Torontos Ward boundaries, the closest approximation of each Ward was created by combining data from the appropriate Census Tracts; Census Tract data covers the appropriate Ward area regardless.
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The data gathered for each ward covers indicators for Child and Youth Care Services, Seniors Services, and Financial Services. Data on Religious Affiliation and on Languages and Ethnicity were also included for their relevance in social service delivery and faith based activity. FCC has included the Ward Profiles based on these criteria in the Appendix.
Service Type
Childcare Services
Description
Programs that assist with the well-being of child development are of interest in this project and encompass some of the services provided by FBOs. FCC considers the stages of childhood to include infancy (less than 1), toddler (1-4), kindergarten (4-6) and school age (6-15).
Demographic Indicators
- Children population, 2006-2011 - Families with children, 2006-2011 - Number of children living at home, 20062011 - Number of house of unpaid childcare, 2006 - Number and type of licensed child care centers - Senior population, 2006-2011 - Hours spent providing unpaid care or assistance to seniors - Number of seniorbased facilities - Housing /dwelling structure, 2011 - Recent immigrants by places of birth, 2011 - Recent immigrants, 2006-2011 - Ethnic origin, 2011 consultants - Top fc home
Senior Services
As the baby boomer population ages and senior demographic increases (65+), the demand for senior services that assist with the housing needs and maintenance, mobility and social connectivity of seniors will also increase.
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Torontos multicultural identity is granted by virtue of its immigrants who contribute to the diversity the city is known for. However, immigrants may find challenges in integrating within neighborhoods and using places of worship as nodes, may build relationships with and find help from those of common
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based facilities - Housing /dwelling structure, 2011 Immigration/ Cultural Services Torontos multicultural identity is granted by virtue of its immigrants who contribute to the diversity the city is known for. However, immigrants may find challenges in integrating within neighborhoods and using places of worship as nodes, may build relationships with and find help from those of common background. Financial constraints can challenge families and individuals, forcing them to make the difficult decisions around how to allocate best allocate resources to meet their basic needs. Low-income families in particular are at risk of living an incomplete lifestyle that can be detrimental to their members. - Recent immigrants by places of birth, 2011 - Recent immigrants, 2006-2011 - Ethnic origin, 2011 - Top home languages and change, 2006-2011 - Individual income, 2011 - Economic families prevalent of lowincome, 2005 - Labour force activity, 2006-2011C - Shelter to household income costs, 2011
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Financial Aid
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The next section of the report provides demographic profiles of Ward 27 and 33 making note of key findings and opinions of changes to services provided.
Ave. ersity Univ
n St. Quee
Population
45%
Ward Population
78,670
78,670 + 13.0%
2006-2011
13.0%
2006-2011
Median Age
37 yrs
9.49
Median Age
39 yrs
9.49
25-44
45-64
65+
0-14
15-24
25-44
45-64
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Households
Key Facts
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75%
6%
6%
No hours
< 5 hours
5 - 14 hours
6%
15
-
29
hours
30
-
59
hours
75%
83%
5.4% of Ward 27s population recorded spending 30 hours or more on unpaid childcare in 2006, with females providing the highest amount of unpaid childcare.
3%
Increasing infant and toddler populations coupled with the limited number of services 6%
catering to those demographics shows an imbalance in the distribution of services; this 5%
is expected to increase the number of hours providing unpaid childcare and become No
hours
a heavy strain on the service provider. Ward 27 requires a shift in focus rather than <
5
hours
increase of childcare services 2%
1%
senior services
83%
15 to 29 hours 30 to 59 hours
The senior population in Ward 27 grew by 0.4% between 2006 and 2011, making up 13.0% of the population. There are a total of nine facilities focused on providing senior services, two of which are long-term care homes.
2011
Percentage
3.0% 2.5% 2.0% 1.5% 1.0% 0.5% 0.0% 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85+
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78.7%
10.6%
live in Row/Townhouses 6%
2.1%
6%
live in Houses
8.6%
According to 2011 census data, the majority of the dwelling structures in Ward 27 are apartment style presenting a structure suitable for seniors due to proximity to the downtown core and greater opportunities to connect with their community. Apartment style housing requires less maintenance, simplifying the lifestyle of seniors who may be incapable for properly maintaining their home.
75%
15 - 29 hours 30 - 59 hours
67%
Europe Between 2006 and 2011, Ward 27 experienced a Africa 68.2% decline in the number of immigrants coming into the area. Asia Of the recent immigrants in structure Ward 27, Oceania and other 67.4% of them were from differing areas of Asia; 25.1% of the population in the area identify themselves as being of Asian descent indicating the presence of an Asian community.
6% 6%
5 - 14 hours 15 - 29 hours
> 60 hours
Ward 27 Top 5 Home Language Change, 2006-2011 Language 2006 No. Arabic 370 Russian 475 Korean 820 No hours Mandarin 1,150 780 < 5 hours French
In 2011, 84.3% of the Ward listed English as their home language; changes to 15
-
29
hours
home language structure include significant increase of Arabic, Korean and 30
-
59
hours
Mandarin home languages.
5
-
14
hours
>
60
hours
83%
In 2006, 2.2% of the ward spent over 10 hours of unpaid senior care or assistance; Ward 27 2%
1%
serves its growing senior population well and, although the population is increasing, the rate at which it is increasing is manageable.
5%
6%
3%
Immigration and culture based services in Ward 27 is not expected to face challenges in provision and delivery; it is still a required service in the area and considering the decline of recent immigration population and dominance of the English language, Ward 27 is not expected to face challenges with service delivery and provision.
No hours
< 5 hours
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5 - 14 hours
15 - 29 hours 30 - 59 hours
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financial aid
Individual Income 15 years and over, 2011
16.0%
12.0%
10.0%
8.0%
6.0%
4.0%
2.0%
0.0%
Ward Ward 27 27 Male Male Population Population Labour Labour Force Force Activity, Activity, 2006-2011 2006-2011 Labour Force 2006 2011 2006 Labour Force 2006 2011 2006 - 2011 2011 Activity No. % No. % % Activity No. % No. % % Chg Chg In the Labour Force 22,030 73.9% 29,280 71.1% 32.9% In the Labour Force 22,030 73.9% 29,280 71.1% 32.9% Employed 20,415 68.4% 26,715 64.9% 30.9% Employed 20,415 68.4% 26,715 64.9% 30.9% Unemployed 1,600 5.4% 2,590 6.3% 61.9% Unemployed 1,600 5.4% 2,590 6.3% 61.9% Not 7,805 26.2% 11,895 28.9% 52.4% Not in in the the Labour Labour Force Force 7,805 26.2% 11,895 28.9% 52.4% Total 29,830 41,180 38.0% Total Population Population 29,830 100.0% 100.0% 41,180 100.0% 100.0% 38.0% Ward Ward 27 27 Female Female Population Population Labour Labour Force Force Activity, Activity, 2006-2011 2006-2011 Labour Force 2006 2011 2006 Labour Force 2006 2011 2006 - 2011 2011 Activity No. % No. % % Activity No. % No. % % Chg Chg In 17,855 63.2% 24,295 61.6% 36.1% In the the Labour Labour Force Force 17,855 63.2% 24,295 61.6% 36.1% Employed 16,345 57.8% 22,025 55.8% 34.8% Employed 16,345 57.8% 22,025 55.8% 34.8% Unemployed 1,515 5.4% 2,275 5.8% 50.2% Unemployed 1,515 5.4% 2,275 5.8% 50.2% Not 10,405 36.8% 15,175 38.4% 45.8% Not in in the the Labour Labour Force Force 10,405 36.8% 15,175 38.4% 45.8% Total Population 28,270 100.0% 39,470 100.0% 39.6% Total Population 28,270 100.0% 39,470 100.0% 39.6%
14.0%
In 2011, 60.4% of individuals in the labour force were employed while 6.0% of the population was unemployed. The unemployment population increased by 48.5% between 2006 and 2011, where as the employed population increased by 32.5%. Male unemployment is more dominant than female unemployment in the area.
Ward 27 presents disparity amongst income levels as the most common income levels is as follows, $10K-$20K (13.7%), $100K+ (11.4%), and $40K-$50K (10.0%).
32%
Income levels, low-income indicators, unemployment rates, and excessive shelter costs indicates that individuals in Ward 27, particularly the male population, may be struggling financially and face difficult decisions on where to properly allocate income to fulfill basic needs. Services required in the area may focus on providing assistance with finding employment and food provision.
43%
68%
57%
In 2011, 42.6% of households are spending more than 30% of its income on shelter Spending less costs. than 30% In 2005, 29.6% of families were Spending more than 30% prevalent of low-income, with male-lone parents more at risk of low income than females, male mirroring the higher employment data.
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3.1.2
e. h Av Finc
r ive nR Do st Ea
Highway 401
50
ulation
57,150
2006-2011
- 0.9%
13.0%
2006-2011
2006
2011
35%
35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0%
Age
Percentage
rs
Population Density
Population Density
Age
rs
5.295.29
The overall children population (0-14) of Ward 33 has declined slighty by 0.2% between 2006 and 2011, but during that period infants and toddlers (less than 5) grew in population by 12.1%.
Key Facts
15-24
25-44
45-64
65+
Majority of the licensed child care centres provide services catered towards preschool, kindergarten and/or school age children Approximately, there is a 3:1 ratio of preschool/school age oriented services to infant/toddler services.
25-44
Age Cohort (yrs)
45-64
65+
%
24
ent of eys
41.0%
20.6%
17.9%
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25
67%
6% 7% 6%
6%
4%
2%
No hours
< 5 hours
10% 7%
47.8%
5.9%
live in Row/Townhouses 8%
14.2%7%
6%
14.2%
live in Houses
15
-
29
hours
67%
30 - 59 hours 5
Ward 33 presents a more suburban, low-density urban structure, suggesting 10% opportunities to interact with the community in a convenient and accessible way.
2006 census data shows that a significant 11.8% of the population in Ward 33 spent 30 or 8% 60 or m ore h ours of unpaid child care on unpaid senior services; 10.4% of that dedicating more than 60 hours of unpaid care.
more hours
61%
10.0% of the population recorded providing 30 hours or more on unpaid childcare, with the females
males. population providing more hours of unpaid work than
6%
10%
A significant proportion of Ward 33s population spends a large amount of time providing No hours of unpaid child care unpaid child care service. This number is expected to increase if Ward 33 does not shift its than 5 hours of unpaid child children care facilities user focus Less from schoolage children to infants. care
4%
2%
No hours
< 5 hours
5
-
14
h5
ours
-
14
hours
>
60
hours
>
60
hours
No hours
15 - 29 15 hours - 29 hours
< 5 hours
Between 2006 and 2011 the senior population age 65 and up increased slightly by 7.6% making up 15.0% of the wards population. The senior population is slightly lower than the children population, however, the number of senior-based services is not as extensive; there are only three recorded senior facilities in Ward 33 and few retirement homes that border the area.
4.0% 3.5%
67%
Percentage
The limited housing opportunities suitable for the growing senior population, indicates Ward 33 will require1%
services that focus on assisting seniors with home care and social integration.
6%
4%
12%
65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85+
No hours
< 5 hours
10%
15 - 29 hours 30 - 59 hours
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financial aid
Individual Income 15 years and over, 2011
16.0%
12.0%
10.0%
8.0%
6.0%
4.0%
2.0%
0.0%
14.0%
Between 2006 and 2011, Ward 27 experienced a 36.6% decline in the number of immigrants in the area. Of the 2011 recent immigrants, 84.4% of them were from differing areas of Asia; 53.5% of the population in the area identify themselves as coming from Asian descent indicating a strong presence of an Asian-based community.
In 2011, 45.5% of the Ward listed English as their home language; Spanish and Arabic as home languages were the most drastic demographic change between 2006 and 2011. With diversity in languages spoken and changes in ethnic and recent immigrant populations, Ward 33 is anticipated to face challenges in service delivery; although the number of services provided may be sufficient it may be inadequate to connect with the changing demographic cohorts.
Top 5 Home Language Change, 2006-2011 Language 2006 No. Spanish 430 Arabic 805 Romanian 1,010 Korean 1,095 Chinese, n.o.s.** 5,795
The income levels in Ward 33 are as follows; $100K+ (13.1%), $80K-$90K (11.1%) and $40K-$50K (10.7%) indicating that the area is relatively financially comfortable.
2011 No. 785 1,125 760 820 3,940 % Chg % 82.6% 39.8% -24.8% -25.1% -32.0%
32%
32%
68%
In 2011, 29.3% of households spent more than 30% of the household income on shelter Spending less than 30% costs; 29.3% of households were more than 30% living Spending in unaffordable housing. Between 2006 and 2011 the population in the labour force and employed declined by 3.6% while unemployment grew by 0.9%, making 54.5% of the population employed and 6.7% of the population unemployed.
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FCCs research shows that it is very common for those in need of services to be either unaware of the services available to them, unaware of whether or not they are eligible for services, or unaware of how to obtain services. Additionally, service providers are sometimes too under-informed or under-coordinated to indicate the services they provide.
Ward 33 Female Population Labour Force Activity, 2006-2011 Ward 33 Female Population Labour Force Activity, 2006-2011 Labour Force 2006 2011 Labour 2006 2011 ActivityForce No. % No. % Activity No. % No. % In the labour force 15,015 37.3% 14,130 35.9% In the the labour labour force force / Employed 15,015 37.3% 14,130 35.9% In 13,655 33.9% 12,430 31.6% In the labour force / Employed 13,655 33.9% 12,430 31.6% In the labour force / Unemployed 1,360 3.4% 1,700 4.3% In the labour force / Unemployed 1,360 3.4% 1,700 4.3% Not in the labour force 10,230 25.4% 11,100 28.2% Not in the labour force 10,230 25.4% 11,100 28.2% Total Female Labour Force 40,260 100.0% 39,360 100.0% Total Female Labour Force 40,260 100.0% 39,360 100.0%
2006 - 2011 2006 - 2011 % Chg % Chg -1.4% -1.4% -2.3% -2.3% 0.9% 0.9% 2.8% 2.8% -2.2% -2.2%
Unemployed females increased slightly by 0.9% while male unemployment decreased by 2.1%.
In 2005 21.3% of lone-female parents were prevalent of low-income. Females in the area are in need of financial and family focused assistance. Services in these areas should seek to address this
The increasing unemployment in the area, particularly with the female population and lone-parent households, it is apparent that Ward 33 will require services to assist with the financial burden lone-female parents face.
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Field interviews support and faith leaders have indicated efforts to try and provide alternative methods for the community to interact and learn about the services offered by places of worship. Reverend Dave Burows of St. Olaves Anglican Church in Ward 13 identified the need to help seniors use Internet and technology to stay in touch with current news and information of the community. To do address the issue, Reverend Dave requires students to spend community service time teaching seniors how to use various forms of media as a prerequisite to participate in certain church rituals such as confirmation. Doing this increasing the connectivity of seniors in the ward and strengthens the social networks of the community.
Participation posters taken from the Forum (NAME OF FORUM) held in the North York Civic Centre (FCC, 2013)
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4.0 RECOMMENDATIONS
4.1 Toronto Policy
(1) The City of Toronto should update its Social Development Strategy to include FBOs as major stakeholders in service delivery and city building initiatives The City of Torontos Community Service Partnerships (CSP) program contains guidelines and qualifying criteria for collaboration between community sector organizations and the City through funding support. FCC considers these guidelines to be largely appropriate for collaborative efforts and notes their consistency with other examined City of Toronto policy including the Social Development Strategy. Major policy based findings included that there was a lack of acknowledgement of the contribution of faith organizations to community service delivery in the city. For example within the CSP policy, faith groups are not qualified to participate in the program. Faith organizations would not receive funding from the city under this program but the guidelines for eligibility could be used elsewhere in policy documents related to collaborative activity between FBOs and the City. (2) Program guidelines within the City of Toronto should refer to FBOs as potential partners and include them in partnership programs through the Faith in the City Program Faith City recommends that Toronto Update its Social Development Strategy to include faith based organizations as major stakeholders in the delivery of services for city building initiatives. Guiding principles and policy statements should reflect this inclusion and mention FBOs specifically. Additionally, FBOs should be made eligible to partner with the City through the Faith in the City project as they are not currently able to do so through other means. (3) An Official Plan Amendment for the inclusion of FBOs in private-public partnerships for the provision of community service within The City Of Torontos employment areas. Faith Based Organizations should be permitted to enter into P3 agreements with set stakeholders. Within this municipal law proposal, newly incorporated stakeholders seeking to build profit margins on under or non-utilized properties are permitted to enter into the same leaseholder agreements as FBOs. These agreements would ensure that the municipality be given direct input into the type of service provision based on annual community needs assessments. In exchange, construction and operation costs of the shared community service space will be funded by the municipality, allowing FBOs to continuously provide the needs of highest priority for sustainable community engagement. As a result, participating stakeholders can accumulate supported funds through monthly rental costs, provided they are administered by the municipality as a guided process of Interfaith Collaboration.
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(7) Use social media outlets as a platform to communicate community information (FBOs) Faith Based communities have a physical social network through their congregational members and other members of their faiths, but they also have access to online resources, especially social media websites, to connect with others. The Internet provides the necessary tools for FBOs to reach different members of the community through a wide array of platforms.
(6) Increase word of mouth opportunities and encourage events that increase social capital, community outreach, and the building of relationships These word of mouth opportunities can help strengthen social ties and allow relationships to grow within communities, creating the potential for the provision of different resources and skills through networking. These opportunities include networking initiatives, outreach through community events, and utilizing old and new approaches and to engage generational age groups. Events as simple as community barbeques or community cleanups can be used in this capacity.
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5.0 CONCLUSION
FCC recognizes that interfaith collaboration is a complex issue, especially in the context of service delivery within a city as diverse as Toronto. That being said, this reports findings represent an important first step in discovering the mechanisms necessary to properly coordinate these activities. The barriers discussed in this report were a significant hindrance to FCCs research process and indicate that time will be a necessary component of truly developing effective strategies in integrating the individual efforts of the faith community. Regardless of these difficulties interfaith collaboration for the purpose of service delivery is a worthwhile goal as a significant amount of the social, physical and policy based infrastructure necessary for it already exists in the City. In order to enhance these existing resources, FCC believes that its recommendations involving Torontos Policy, an online database tool, networking events and continued evaluation will be necessary to implement. The Citys Social Development Strategy is a key tool in its existing policy framework that can be enhanced through the consideration of FBOs in its context. This will enhance the institutional representation of FBOs in Torontos service delivery agenda and allow the city to properly integrate them into other areas of city policy. These include current collaborative city programs that will also integrate faith organizations into their existing partnership frameworks. While faith organizations have the ability to organize events and correspond with one another using their own methods, the recommended database tool will be of significant aid to this. The creation of the database will enhance the capacity of faith groups and community organizers by connecting them to the information necessary to coordinate interfaith activity. The upkeep and improvement of its directory components to include features beyond those described will further its usefulness to its users. Networking events are also an existing method of connection in the faith community that should be encouraged and developed for the expansion of collaborative capacity. Word of mouth, in-person events and the use of social media will be important in this regard. Finally, continued evaluation of the components found in FCCs recommendations would be a necessary component to ensure the ongoing success of faith initiatives. As with any of Torontos programs, evaluation will be ongoing as the needs of the Citys communities evolve. Because it is the intent of interfaith collaboration to meet these needs, programs and projects related to Faith in the City will also require ongoing change. The Faith in the City project will require continued effort to expand the body of research compiled and solidify any current and future recommendations made towards its completion. New avenues for collaboration have yet to be discovered as the Citys entire faith community has not been reached. It will be the task of the Faith in the City Committee to decide where efforts should be placed in future expansion of research and infrastructure for interfaith collaboration in the City of Toronto.
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6.0 APPENDIX
6.1 Ward 33 Survey Data
Does your faith group community represent a particular ethnic or cultural group? No (6) Yes (2) Does your faith group own or rent the space it meets in? Own (8) Rent (0) If your faith community owns the space you meet in, do you rent the space out to other community groups? Yes (6) No (2) What programs or services are currently offered out of your meeting space to the surrounding neighborhood (as distinct from services currently being offered to your own faith group or community)? These could include but should not be limited to the following: Out of the cold (1) Child care (3) Homework Club (2) Drop-In (1) Sports Activities (5) Music Lessons/ Programs (3) Food bank (5) Childrens After-School Programs (2) Seniors Programs (6) Youth Programs (5) Arts Programs (4) Summer Programs (6) Alcoholics Anonymous (1) Which of the following five issues are of concern for the neighborhood in which your faith community is situated? Please indicate all that apply. *note that 7 out of 8 surveys were completed for this question. Homelessness and Housing (4) Food Security and Poverty (6) Disadvantaged Youth (6) After-School Programs (4) Refugees and Immigration (6) How inclined would your faith community be to consider partnering with faith communities similar to yours in order to offer programs and services to your surrounding community if the opportunity presents itself? *note that 7 out of 8 surveys were completed for this question. Not at all inclined (1) Somewhat inclined (1) Very inclined (2) Extremely inclined (3)
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Why are these services given? Most of these services are provided as a way to put their faith to practice and feel like the church is making meaningful impact on their surrounding community. Members of the congregation approach faith leaders with their concerns and in response, faith leaders leverage their position and the resources they can access to properly address the issue. The Metropolitan United Church identified their doctrine as their main source of motivation in delivering services. The Church operates through the Social Gospel as it is a Methodist organization. Are these services focused in the neighborhoods or in other parts of the city? The churches found in Ward 13, although providing family based services within their community, efforts against hunger, homelessness and drug issues are focused within the downtown core, an area of the city they feel requires the most needs. Reverend Canon explicitly stated that he takes the generous donations from Ward 13 and redistributes it to areas of the city that have a higher demand for it. Reverend Dave Burrows also demonstrated the reallocation of donations taking what the bakery provides and transporting it downtown where there is a much greater need for it. The doctrine of the United church makes its service delivery model. geared toward all persons in the city in all areas. The concentration of services is, however, focused in the downtown core as it was identified as a prominent node of need in the city of Toronto. One anecdotal example had the churchs housing services helping a family who were facing issues with late rent in a suburb of the city, showing the actual reach of its service delivery. How do you let the community know about the services? Word of mouth and personal interaction is the most prominent method of letting the community know of the services provided. Both churches in Ward 13 are well established and because of this, they have been able to build their networks and community relationships over time. Services provided by the Metropolitan Church are advertised on its website as well as through word of mouth. A distinct problem was identified with the lack of general knowledge among clients and the public about the services available to them both through the church and outside organizations.
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Updated information on the new system of settlement services in Hamilton Quick reference guides, in several languages, as a quick reference to settlement services for both newcomers and service providers Increased awareness of community services responding to immigrant and newcomer populations Two community events to engage the community around improving services to newcomers Focus group discussions of newcomers to increase participation and enhance understandings of integration and coordination efforts Improved formal and informal network relationships among groups, agencies and services providing support to newcomers A report on activities and findings in assessing knowledge, awareness, relationships, experiences, and needs in newcomer services in Hamilton Recommendations for change that will support efforts to strengthen the local system of services supporting newcomers Key Findings and Recommendations for Each Based on the consultations and discussions completed through a variety of methods with both formal and informal service providers the follow categories or themes of key findings emerged as being particularly significant and recommendations, as listed in pages 36-38 of the Report, were created for each category: 1. Awareness is the biggest gap among both service providers and newcomers. Many newcomers lack an understanding of where services are available, the types of services available and how to access services. Service providers lack the information needed to refer newcomer clients to available services. Increase networking opportunities for newcomers, both within newcomer communities and between newcomer communities and more established local communities. The HIPC service provider working groups should continue to convene networking opportunities for service providers, possibly by committing to organize the Downtown Brown Bag Lunch series in a sustainable way. Service providers should employ culturally competent outreach workers whenever possible to provide advocacy or accompaniment in referrals to newcomers, and to connect newcomers to existing services. Government and service providers should explore opportunities to distribute printed information for new immigrant settlement, integration, and access to services in Hamilton in religious institutions, ethnic markets, halls and other places where newcomers often gather. Offer a map of Hamilton to newcomers to support faster familiarity with the city. Explore potential partnerships with Tourism Hamilton to facilitate distribution of existing maps. 2. Newcomers go to informal networks first for information and support when settling in Hamilton. These include friends, family, faith communities, and ethno-cultural communities. Informal networks must have good information about services and how to access them in order to bridge the gap to formal services. Support the capacity building work of HCCI with informal networks in order to build broader awareness of formal services available and strengthen connections between formal and informal networks. Service providers should consider holding events and service hours outside of weekdays in order to reach community members with conflicting time demands. Recognize and support informal networks, including some religious institutions, as settlement service providers along a continuum of formality of service.
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3. Information format preferences vary. Up to date and easily accessible relevant information in a variety of formats for both newcomers and service providers is important, in order to address the awareness gap. Continue to resource the existing Community Information Hamilton (CIH) database tools as these provide the information and referral possibilities for individuals and service providers. More resources would allow CIH to develop the tools and coordinate the services network using the already well-developed comprehensive database. Develop and distribute clearly written papers about the legal rights for workers with respect to their religion (e.g. having breaks for prayer) and attire. Make available a list of female family doctors and other healthcare providers. 4. Language is the greatest barrier experienced by newcomers. Although services are often available in a number of languages, not all services are offered in every language, therefore language is a significant barrier for newcomers when trying to access needed services. Improve access to interpreters for health care appointments and immigration-related medical examinations. Provide translated information brochures and contact information in multiple languages as part of good practice. Explore the possibility of sharing language interpretation skills of staff members between agencies. HIPC and its community partners should research and propose a standard of service for access to interpretation in Hamilton to support ongoing monitoring and improvement in such access. Explore models of coordinated volunteer interpretation, including infrastructure and incentives for newcomer volunteers such as training and development opportunities, certificates, local experience, and local references. 5. Discrimination is a common experience among newcomers. Especially in terms of employment and housing. Anti discrimination action needs to be taken. Continue implementing the HIPCs systematic approach of asking all employers, institutions, and individual community members to commit to the principle that every person at every level has a responsibility to work towards supporting newcomer integration. Strengthen HCCIs role as ombudsman for newcomers. Anti-discrimination or anti-oppression training should be undertaken wherever possible in service providing organizations along the formal and informal continuum. This could be one aspect of the professional development already set out in HIPCs current work plan. Provide training to frontline staff in working with newcomers specifically to deepen understandings of post-traumatic stress disorder for newcomers arriving from conflict zones. Support an educational campaign to promote immigrant contributions to Hamiltons growth and prosperity. 6. Formal service providers are collaborating through the Hamilton Immigration Partnership Council. Collaborations taking place amongst service providers through the Hamilton Immigration Partnership Council are producing sector specific information guides for newcomers and service providers. Develop a process by which agencies can share information about program proposals to ensure that duplication does not occur and facilitate constructive conversations to strengthen service proposals.
Explore the potential benefits and drawbacks of developing a common referral form to be used for making referrals between service providers. Consider opportunities and processes for sharing staff members language skills across agencies. Seek opportunities to problem solve and develop solutions together within communities. 7. Some newcomers find the current arrangement of services, with the lack of a one-stop shop, confusing. Newcomers lack the awareness discussed earlier and as a result service providers are thinking, planning, and delivering services as a system so that newcomers experiences of referrals between agencies are coordinated and smooth. Develop indicators to monitor impact of system in supporting newcomers and annually conduct an evaluation documenting the results of the support system. Takeaways from Report Although this initiative is geared strictly towards newcomer services, there are some similarities in these Hamilton findings to the findings in FCCs other study areas. As well, there are some similarities in goals. This allowed for valuable takeaways from the recommendations created in the Hamilton report to be applied to FCCs recommendations
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Funding The funding for the Hamilton Neighbourhood Strategy was sourced from the City of Hamilton at $86,000 including support with McMaster University on longitudinal study of the neighbourhoods(Johnson, Brown, McMullan, & Zinkewich, 2013). Other funding that neighbourhoods have received would include $27,000 for quick wins (summer camps, community gardens, etc.), and $16,000 for planning process (City of Hamilton, 2012). Neighbourhood Studies The neighbourhood plans represent different communities in Hamilton. These selected plans are representative of how planners and the communities engage their residents during the neighbourhood planning process. These plans are of Davis Creek, McQueston, Rolston, Stinston and South Sherman. Davis Creek The significant aspect of the Davis Creek Neighbourhood plan was outreach and engagement with the neighbourhood through different modes of communication such as regular public meetings, surveys, and flyers and posters (Neighbourhood Development Office, 2012). They also looked into how other residents of different generational groups as the planners engaged with school children grade 4 and 5 and the local high school as well. Meetings were also conducted with community members and local service providers, looking at alternative ways to engage through community events such as the Pine Grove Community Clean up, barbecues, and yard sales (Neighbourhood Development Office, 2012). The Community of Davis Creek sees the future for community engagement, implementing their community work plan, bring service providers into the needs of the community(Neighbourhood Development Office, 2012). McQueston The community refers to the planning team as party planners because they created unique ways to engage community members through social events within their neighbourhood(City of Hamilton, 2013). For example on certain issues, they created dialogue with the police chief regarding community public safety status and also during the 5th annual Crawl Night BBQ social, residents had the opportunity to meet with service providers in what programs and services are offered for them including how their community can get involved (City of Hamilton, 2013). Rolston Community engagement in the community look to other residents who reflect different generational groups. They look into how different modes of engagement with children in the neighbourhood such as utilizing an approach called Photovoice (City of Hamilton, 2013). A technique which uses images and other simple techniques to allow children to think and create ideas that they would like to see change in their neighbourhood (City of Hamilton, 2013). Stinston In the neighbourhood of Stinton, their important issue is communication within their community. The neighbourhood considers the improvement of communication modes, community assets, and accessibility/inclusivity as important aspects of what they need (City of Hamilton, 2013). They initiated and created a website that provides email listings, blogging opportunities, regular updates, community calendars, and meeting agendas from their neighbourhood association (City of Hamilton, 2013). Not only do the websites provide the community access up to date information of where they live, but provides as a platform for their community.
South Sherman In South Sherman Neighbourhood Action plan was created and initiated a spokes program that represents strengthening relationships of residents into a network within their community (City of Hamilton, 2013). Other communication modes such as the South Sherman Hub News, a bi-monthly publication which serves as a platform for building the communitys relationship with each other (City of Hamilton, 2013). Findings The Hamilton Neighbourhood Strategy is a unique plan that gives the community the capacity to determine its direction. The plan looks into how certain needs are important to each neighbourhood including how the plan integrates city and the community together to accomplish their own goals. Each community engages with city planners into targeting their needs and how can they can improve from it which includes utilizing different approaches with service providers and the city. One unique common theme that were utilized by the five neighbourhoods, would be how planners and the community engage outreach with neighbourhood residents ranging from social event engagement, designing better websites, strengthening networks, and providing unique platforms for multi-generational individuals to participate in their community. The neighbourhood plan not only provides their residents the ability to improve their community, but provides them unique tools to allow communication and innovative participation that involves everyone in their neighbourhood.
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Discussion Issue Outcomes during Breakout Sessions Of the five breakout sessions, three were attended by members of FCC. These sessions provided useful information regarding approaches for collaboration action on issues of food security, mental health and cultural exchange. Below are the key findings; Food Security The outcomes regarding partnerships of different faith communities sharing their facilities (i.e. shared community garden on a church yard), opportunities with other service agencies, and funding opportunities for service projects were discussed during the food security session. In addition they discussed best ways to raise funds for their project would involve forming partnerships with not-for-profit groups, social service agencies and faith-based organizations. Mental Health At this session, topics on the role of faith communities and the issue of mental health within growing immigrant communities are also an important issue to address. The main ideas that were expressed dealt education, information gathering, and communication methods; these ideas interpret how faith communities can learn and take away from service agencies and the same vice versa. They looked into examples such as peer support, access to information, and shared knowledge within faith communities and service agencies regarding mental health. The session concluded by making a point that collaboration between faith communities and service agencies should not only facilitate service access for faith groups and their neighbourhoods, but should also extend further to those who are not affiliated with a faith community. Cultural Exchange During the second session, discussions examined the need for partnerships between faithbased organizations. Lucy Fitzpatrick, Manager of Working Women Community Centre, facilitated this session. Throughout the discussion, there was an emphasis placed on the need to develop an increased reliance on faith partnerships for the purpose of service provision. This concept is due to the decreasing amount of overall funding that is being provided for social service provision. She identified that developing inter-faith partnerships allows groups to extend their capacity to effectively provide services, essentially a win-win situation for all parties. Conclusion of the Forum This forum demonstrated the ability faith communities have to serve as physical platforms in addressing social issues regarding their own communities, neighbourhoods, and the city as a whole. Through interfaith partnerships and collaboration with private and public agencies, interfaith collaboration can play a significant role within in the urban context. Aside from the content of the presentations and discussions, the event used interesting facilitation methods to gain knowledge on what groups were expecting from and willing to contribute to partnerships. They did this by posting posters on the wall and encourage all those in attendance to contribute their comments. Groups were willing to contribute space, facilitation, and event planning for specific programs. It seemed groups were both seeking and offering substantial resource.
7.0 BIBLIOGRAPHY
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