Wireless Communication & networking

WIRELESS-FIDELITY(WI-FI) TECHNOLOGY
Review of Evolution in Wi-Fi Cordless Telephones working in 900 MHz Band with very less data rate capacity Military research with the goals Relatively high data rates Reliability in the face of enemy attempts to jam the signals Transmission to be difficult to monitor Should be difficult to detect that any Tx is going on.

Evolved Spread Spectrum technique of Wireless Fidelity communication About Wi-Fi Benefits and Growth What is Wi-Fi? Wireless Fidelity is a term used referring to any type of 802.11x network 802.11x specifies an over-the-air interface between a wireless client and a base station or between two wireless clients. It enables a person with a computer or personal digital assistant (PDA) to connect to the Internet wirelessly What is a Hotspot?

A hotspot is a public access Wi-Fi access point or area, in particular for connecting to Internet. A user with a Wi-Fi computer or PDA can connect to this network to reach the Internet with a secure connection Hotspots are found in restaurants, train stations, airports, cafes, libraries and other public places. Global Growth of Wi-Fi 500,000 hotspots by 2010 Worldwide revenue to reach around $10 Billion by 2008 Wi-Fi a dominant technology India- Emerging Market Increasing Mobile Usage

Rapid Growth in Notebook population (>120% annually) PDAs, Smart Phones population expected to grow Business Users need to stay connected Need for large footprint, branded access service Convenience, Ubiquity Drivers for Growth Laptop and Mobile devices penetration Branded deployments (e.g. Top Hotel Chains, Coffee Day outlets and others) Retail business Ever-growing Internet Usage

Target WIFI Locations

Conference and Convention Centers. Airport Lounges, Universities, Libraries. Premium Hotels, business centers, lobbies and coffee shops.

Anywhere a person uses laptop, PDA or WLAN phone Network Configurations in Wi-Fi 1. Wireless Peer to Peer Network - Adhoc Mode is used - Two Laptops in N/W within range 2 Client and Access Point 1 Infrastructure Mode 2 AP connected to wired N/W

3 50 Clients can be served by one AP 3 Multiple Access Points & Roaming 1 APs connected to each other by Ethernet / Radio connectivity 2 Roaming without losing the signal in area Network Configurations in Wi-Fi 4. Use of Extension Point 1. to extend N/W Access

2. Extend the range by relaying signals from client to AP & vice-versa 3. 5. Far flung client get signal

Use of Directional Antennae 1. Directional Antenna

2. Antenna connected to AP via RF cable

3. Connectivity between two bldgs at distance of 5 km possible Working of Wi Fi Two methods of Spread Spectrum Modulation Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum ( FHSS) Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum ( DSSS) FHSS Frequency hopping divides 2.4 GHz to 2.4853 GHz band into 75 Nos. of 1 MHz Chls FHSS is relatively less complex to DSSS but speed upto 2 Mbps of Data Transfer Many Hops & hence High amount of hopping overhead DSSS

 Better choice 2.4 to 2.4853 GHz band divided into 14 Chls (In US only 11 Chls) & low power of TX Good Throughput Channel Separation 25 MHz Channel BW 22 MHz Chls 1, 6 & 11 at one location Requirements for Wi-Fi End User Requirements - Zero Configuration Changes On PC - No Client Software - Support for Multiple Billing Methods - Secure Access to Corporate Resources using VPN - Uniform Experience Across Multiple Sites

Service Provider Requirements - Scalable Solutions for Small to Large Sites - Cost Effective Deployment, Maintenance and Management - Plug and Play Solutions that Reduces Support Costs - Ability to deliver Value Added Services - Self Preserving Network Solution