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Sect ion 1 Sect ion 3 Sect ion 4 Sect ion 5 Sect ion 6 Sect ion 7 Sect ion 8 Sect ion 9 Sect ion 1 0
Explanation for Incorrect Answer A : Choice (A) is not correct. If Solving Therefore, were equal to However, then not for gives cannot be equal to
Explanation for Incorrect Answer B : Choice (B) is not correct. If Solving Therefore, for were equal to then not
gives
However,
cannot be equal to
Explanation for Incorrect Answer C : Choice (C) is not correct. If were equal to then Solving for gives However, Therefore, cannot be equal to Explanation for Incorrect Answer D : Choice (D) is not correct. If Solving for gives were equal to then not
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not
However,
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Therefore,
cannot be equal to
Cliff earns
per hour for each hour that he works as a telev ision salesperson for each telev ision that he sells. Which of the following telev isions while working
plus an additional
Explanation for Correct Answer B : Choice (B) is correct. Since Cliff earns dollars for each hour that he works as a television salesperson, his salary for hours of work is dollars. Since Cliff earns dollars for each television he sells, his commission for selling televisions is dollars. Therefore, the total amount, in dollars, Cliff earns if he sells televisions while working hours is Explanation for Incorrect Answer A : Choice (A) is not correct. If Cliff sold televisions while working hours, he would earn dollars. But if Cliff sells televisions while working hours, he would earn dollars. Explanation for Incorrect Answer C : Choice (C) is not correct. Multiplying the average of Cliffs commission rate and hourly pay by the sum of the number of hours he worked and the number of televisions he sold does not give the total amount Cliff earned. Explanation for Incorrect Answer D : Choice (D) is not correct. Multiplying the sum of Cliffs commission rate and hourly pay by the sum of the number of hours he worked and the number of televisions he sold does not give the total amount Cliff earned. Explanation for Incorrect Answer E : Choice (E) is not correct. Multiplying the sum of Cliffs commission rate and hourly pay by the product of the number of hours he worked and the number of televisions he sold does not give the total amount Cliff earned.
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3 If each num ber in the list abov e were to be m ultiplied by a new list would be
form ed consisting of the six products. How m any of the six num bers on the new list would be negativ e num bers?
(A) Two (B) Three (C) Four (D) Fiv e (E) Six A NSWERS AND EXPLANATIONS
Explanation for Correct Answer A : Choice (A) is correct. If a nonzero number is multiplied by a negative number, its sign will change. Since the numbers on the original list are all nonzero and each would be multiplied by to form the new list, there would be as many negative numbers on the new list as there are positive numbers on the original list. Counting positive numbers on the original list thus shows that two of the numbers on the new list would be negative. Explanation for Incorrect Answer B : Choice (B) is not correct. There would be only two negative numbers on the new list: and Explanation for Incorrect Answer C : Choice (C) is not correct. There are four negative numbers on the original list, but there would be only two negative numbers on the new list. Explanation for Incorrect Answer D : Choice (D) is not correct. There would be only two negative numbers on the new list: and Explanation for Incorrect Answer E : Choice (E) is not correct. The new list would have six numbers, but only two of these would be negative numbers.
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The rectangular card pictured abov e has a black dot on one side, and the other side is blank. Which of the figures below could be obtained by rotating the card?
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is blank. Which of the figures below could be obtained by rotating the card?
(A) I only (B) II only (C) I and II only (D) I and III only (E) I, II, and III A NSWERS AND EXPLANATIONS
Explanation for Correct Answer C : Choice (C) is correct. In all three figures, the cards have sides parallel to the sides of the original rectangle, so to determine if any of the figures can be obtained by rotating the card, we only need to consider successive rotations of in a single direction. When the rectangular card is rotated in the clockwise direction, the result is the rectangle in figure I. When the card is again rotated in the clockwise direction, the result is the rectangle in figure II. When the card completes a third rotation in the clockwise direction, the result is a vertical rectangle with the black dot in the upper-left corner. The card in figure III has the black dot in the upper-right corner, so this rotation does not produce any of the three figures shown. When the rectangular card completes one more rotation in the clockwise direction, the result is the orientation of the original card. Therefore, only figures I and II could be obtained by rotating the card. Explanation for Incorrect Answer A : Choice (A) is not correct. While it is true that figure I could be obtained by rotating the card, figure II could also be obtained. Explanation for Incorrect Answer B : Choice (B) is not correct. While it is true that figure II could be obtained by rotating the card, figure I could also be obtained. Explanation for Incorrect Answer D : Choice (D) is not correct. While it is true that figure I could be obtained by rotating the card, figure III could not be obtained. Explanation for Incorrect Answer E : Choice (E) is not correct. While it is true that figures I and II could be obtained by rotating the card, figure III could not be obtained.
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On the num ber line abov e, which of the following is the best approxim ation of
Explanation for Correct Answer C : Choice (C) is correct. From their positions on the number line, the value of appears to be approximately and the value of appears to be approximately Then is approximately so is approximately Therefore, of the choices given, is closest to
Explanation for Incorrect Answer A : Choice (A) is not correct. From their positions on the number line, the value of appears to be approximately and the value of appears to be approximately Then so, of the choices given, is approximately is closest to
However, the question asked for the best approximation of not of Explanation for Incorrect Answer B : Choice (B) is not correct. From their positions on the number line, the value of appears to be approximately and the value of appears to be approximately Then, of the choices given, closest to However, the question asked for the best approximation of not of Explanation for Incorrect Answer D : Choice (D) is not correct. If the value of and the value of was approximately would be approximately was approximately then the value of is
on the number line, the value of appears to be approximately and the value of appears to be approximately and Thus, of the choices given, approximation of than is is a better
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Explanation for Incorrect Answer E : Choice (E) is not correct. If the value of and the value of was approximately would be approximately was approximately then the value of However, from their
positions on the number line, the value of appears to be approximately and the value of appears to be approximately given, and Thus, of the choices than is is a better approximation of
is parallel to line
If
Explanation for Correct Answer B : Choice (B) is correct. When a transversal intersects a pair of parallel lines, the alternate interior angles are supplementary (have measures that add up to Therefore, if ). Thus it follows that or
Explanation for Incorrect Answer A : Choice (A) is not correct. If and the sum of the
measures of the three labeled angles would be However, the sum of the measures of these angles must be because when a transversal intersects a pair of parallel lines, the alternate interior angles are supplementary. Therefore, the value of cannot be Explanation for Incorrect Answer C : Choice (C) is not correct. If and the sum of the
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measures of the three labeled angles would be However, the sum of the measures of these angles must be because when a transversal intersects a pair of
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angles must be because when a transversal intersects a pair of parallel lines, the alternate interior angles are supplementary. Therefore, the value of cannot be Explanation for Incorrect Answer D : Choice (D) is not correct. If and the sum of the
measures of the three labeled angles would be However, the sum of the measures of these angles must be because when a transversal intersects a pair of parallel lines, the alternate interior angles are supplementary. Therefore, the value of cannot be Explanation for Incorrect Answer E : Choice (E) is not correct. If and the sum of the
measures of the three labeled angles would be However, the sum of the measures of these angles must be because when a transversal intersects a pair of parallel lines, the alternate interior angles are supplementary. Therefore, the value of cannot be
If
each and if
percent of her
each, what is the av erage (arithm etic m ean) cost per disc?
Explanation for Correct Answer D : Choice (D) is correct. Let be the total number of compact discs Jaime has. Then of Jaimes discs cost and discs cost The total cost, in dollars, of the discs is thus Therefore, the average cost, in dollars, per disc is or
Alternatively, one can see that the question is asking for the weighted average of two different kinds of Jaimes discs, those that cost each, and the others that cost and compact discs is each, with respective weights or Therefore, the average cost per disc, in dollars, of Jaimes
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Explanation for Incorrect Answer A : Choice (A) is not correct. If Jaime had an equal number of and of and which is But the number of discs. discs discs is
discs, the average cost per disc would simply be the average
Explanation for Incorrect Answer B : Choice (B) is not correct. If cost of Jaimes discs cost But and the rest of
Explanation for Incorrect Answer C : Choice (C) is not correct. If cost of Jaimes discs cost and the rest But of
Explanation for Incorrect Answer E : Choice (E) is not correct. If rest cost of Jaimes discs cost and the But of
If
and
and
which of the
Explanation for Correct Answer B : Choice (B) is correct. By the laws of exponents, the equation can be rewritten as rewritten as However, and can be written as and can be
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it follows that
integers whose sum is and whose product is Therefore, could be either or Thus, of the integers listed, only could be the value of Explanation for Incorrect Answer A : Choice (A) is not correct. If were equal to the value of also given that Therefore, the value of so cannot be then, since It is
Explanation for Incorrect Answer C : Choice (C) is not correct. The values of and integers and must satisfy the two equations were equal to to satisfy the equation must be positive and If would have cannot be
to be Since is not a positive integer, the value of It follows that the value of cannot be Explanation for Incorrect Answer D : Choice (D) is not correct. The values of and integers and must satisfy the two equations were equal to to satisfy the equation
to be Since is not a positive integer, the value of It follows that the value of cannot be Explanation for Incorrect Answer E : Choice (E) is not correct. The values of and integers and must satisfy the two equations were equal to to satisfy the equation
to be Since is not a positive integer, the value of It follows that the value of cannot be
If
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so
Explanation for Incorrect Answer A : Choice (A) is not correct. If be equal to However, equal to Explanation for Incorrect Answer B : Choice (B) is not correct. If be equal to However, were equal to then would were equal to then would
Explanation for Incorrect Answer C : Choice (C) is not correct. If would be equal to to However, were equal to then was equal cannot be
equal to Explanation for Incorrect Answer D : Choice (D) is not correct. If would be equal to to However, were equal to then was equal cannot be
equal to
10
In Ms. Murray s art class, one-third of the students hav e taken at least one prev ious art class; of those, one-third hav e taken two or m ore prev ious art classes. Which of
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art class; of those, one-third hav e taken two or m ore prev ious art classes. Which of the following circle graphs could represent Ms. Murray s class div ided into different groups: those who hav e taken two or m ore prev ious art classes, one prev ious art class, or no prev ious art class?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
Explanation for Correct Answer E : Choice (E) is correct. Since one-third of the students in Ms. Murrays class have taken at least one previous art class, it follows that twothirds of the students have taken no previous art classes. Thus the correct circle graph must have one sector that makes up two-thirds of the graph, so that it represents the students who have taken no previous art classes. Only the graphs in options (D) and (E) have such a sector. Of the students who have taken at least one art class, one-third have taken two or more art classes, and so two-thirds have taken exactly one class. Thus the remaining third of the correct circle graph must be divided into two sectors, one of which is twice as large as the other. The graph in (D) has the remaining third divided into sectors of equal size; hence it is not the correct graph. The graph in (E) has the remaining third divided into two sectors, one of which is twice as large as the other. Therefore, the circle graph in (E) could represent the students in Ms. Murrays class divided into different groups: those who have taken two or more previous art classes, one previous art class, or no previous art classes.
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Explanation for Incorrect Answer A : Choice (A) is not correct. Since one-third of the students in Ms. Murrays class have taken at least one previous art class, it follows that two-thirds of the students have taken no previous art classes. Thus the correct circle graph must have one sector that makes up two-thirds of the graph, so that it represents the students who have taken no previous art classes. The circle graph in (A) has no such sector. Explanation for Incorrect Answer B : Choice (B) is not correct. Since one-third of the students in Ms. Murrays class have taken at least one previous art class, it follows that two-thirds of the students have taken no previous art classes. Thus the correct circle graph must have one sector that makes up two-thirds of the graph, so that it represents the students who have taken no previous art classes. The circle graph in (B) has no such sector. Explanation for Incorrect Answer C : Choice (C) is not correct. Since one-third of the students in Ms. Murrays class have taken at least one previous art class, it follows that two-thirds of the students have taken no previous art classes. Thus the correct circle graph must have one sector that makes up two-thirds of the graph, so that it represents the students who have taken no previous art classes. The circle graph in (C) has no such sector. Explanation for Incorrect Answer D : Choice (D) is not correct. Since one-third of the students in Ms. Murrays class have taken at least one previous art class, it follows that two-thirds of the students have taken no previous art classes. Thus the correct circle graph must have one sector that makes up two-thirds of the graph, so that it represents the students who have taken no previous art classes. Only the graphs in options (D) and (E) have such a sector. Of the students who have taken at least one art class, one-third have taken two or more art classes, and so two-thirds have taken exactly one class. Thus the remaining third of the correct circle graph must be divided into two sectors, one of which is twice as large as the other. The graph in (D) has the remaining third divided into sectors of equal size. Therefore, it is not the correct graph.
11
Three consecutiv e integers are such that two tim es the largest is three tim es the sm allest. What is the sm allest of these three integers?
(A) (B)
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Explanation for Correct Answer D : Choice (D) is correct. Let be the smallest of the consecutive integers. Then the other two integers are and It is given that two times the largest integer is three times the smallest integer: Therefore, and so the value of the smallest of the three integers, is Explanation for Incorrect Answer A : Choice (A) is not correct. If the smallest of the three integers were then the largest would be But Explanation for Incorrect Answer B : Choice (B) is not correct. If the smallest of the three integers were then the largest would be But Explanation for Incorrect Answer C : Choice (C) is not correct. If the smallest of the three integers were then the largest would be But Explanation for Incorrect Answer E : Choice (E) is not correct. The largest of the three integers is the question asks for the smallest, which is but
12
Point lies in plane How m any circles are there in plane and a circum ference of inches?
(A) None (B) One (C) Two (D) Four (E) More than four A NSWERS AND EXPLANATIONS
Explanation for Correct Answer B : Choice (B) is correct. A circle with radius inches has a circumference of inches. If a circle has a circumference of inches, then and so It follows that any circle in
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plane
and a circumference of
inches must
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plane that has center and a circumference of inches must have a radius of inches. No two distinct circles in the same plane can have the same center and radius, so there is exactly one circle in plane that has center and a circumference of inches. Explanation for Incorrect Answer A : Choice (A) is not correct. There is exactly one circle in plane has center and a circumference of inches. Explanation for Incorrect Answer C : Choice (C) is not correct. There cannot be two different circles in plane that have center and a circumference of inches. There is exactly one such circle. Explanation for Incorrect Answer D : Choice (D) is not correct. There cannot be four different circles in plane that have center and a circumference of inches. There is exactly one such circle. Explanation for Incorrect Answer E : Choice (E) is not correct. There cannot be more than four different circles in plane that have center and a circumference of inches. There is exactly one such circle. that
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The table abov e giv es the tem perature of fiv e different m ixtures at seconds after the m ixture was form ed. The tem perature of which m ixture falls the greatest num ber of degrees during the period from to
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Explanation for Correct Answer A : Choice (A) is correct. According to the table, the temperature of mixture is degrees seconds after the mixture was formed and is degrees seconds after the mixture was formed. So, the temperature of mixture falls degrees during the period from to According to the table, the temperature of mixture degrees and is is
seconds after the mixture was formed seconds after the mixture was falls degree
degrees
is
seconds after the mixture was formed degrees seconds after the mixture was falls degree
is
seconds after the mixture was formed and is seconds after the mixture was formed. rises degree during the
According to the table, the temperature of mixture is degrees seconds after the mixture was formed and is degrees seconds after the mixture was formed. rises degrees during and So, the temperature of mixture the period from to
So, of the five mixtures, the temperatures of mixtures fall during the period from to mixtures, the temperature of mixture degrees during this period.
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Explanation for Incorrect Answer B : Choice (B) is not correct. The temperature of mixture degree during the period from to falls but the
temperature of mixture falls degrees during the same period. Therefore, for the five mixtures, the temperature of mixture does not fall the greatest number of degrees during the period from to Explanation for Incorrect Answer C : Choice (C) is not correct. The temperature of mixture degree during the period from to falls but the
temperature of mixture falls degrees during the same period. Therefore, for the five mixtures, the temperature of mixture does not fall the greatest number of degrees during the period from to Explanation for Incorrect Answer D : Choice (D) is not correct. The temperature of mixture rises degree during the period from to but the temperatures of mixtures and fall during this period. Therefore, for the five mixtures, the temperature of mixture does not fall the greatest number of degrees during the period from to Explanation for Incorrect Answer E : Choice (E) is not correct. The temperature of mixture rises degrees during the period from to and the temperatures of mixture falls degrees during this period. Therefore, for the five mixtures, the temperature of mixture rises, not falls, the greatest number of degrees during the period from to
14
If
(A) It is odd. (B) It is ev en. (C) It is greater than (D) It is greater than (E) It is div isible by A NSWERS AND EXPLANATIONS
Explanation for Correct Answer A : Choice (A) is correct. For any integer number ( is twice the integer the integer is an even
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number (
is the sum of an even number and an odd number and, therefore, must be odd. Explanation for Incorrect Answer B : Choice (B) is not correct. For any integer even, but the integer the integer is an
odd number and, therefore, must be odd, not even. Explanation for Incorrect Answer C : Choice (C) is not correct. If necessarily true that then is greater than is an integer, but
Therefore, it is not
Explanation for Incorrect Answer D : Choice (D) is not correct. If necessarily true that then is greater than is an integer, but Therefore, it is not
Explanation for Incorrect Answer E : Choice (E) is not correct. If necessarily true that then is divisible by is an integer, but Therefore, it is not
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If
then in term s of
is
Explanation for Correct Answer B : Choice (B) is correct. The problem is asking how much less one number is than another, so subtract one expression from the other in the given order. Thus the answer is or Explanation for Incorrect Answer A : Choice (A) is not correct. For example, if is less than or But then not or
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Explanation for Incorrect Answer C : Choice (C) is not correct. For example, if is less than or But then not or
Explanation for Incorrect Answer D : Choice (D) is not correct. The difference simplifies to not
Explanation for Incorrect Answer E : Choice (E) is not correct. For example, if is less than or But not then or
16
In the figure abov e, the circle has center what is the v alue of
is
Explanation for Correct Answer D : Choice (D) is correct. Since the measure of arc measure of the central angle equal length, so sides and of is is the
follows that the two angles opposite these sides of are of equal measure, and so The sum of the measures of the angles of and is so
Explanation for Incorrect Answer A : Choice (A) is not correct. The sum of the measures of the angles of is so if were equal to then would
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be equal to
However,
not
Therefore,
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However, cannot be
not
Therefore,
Explanation for Incorrect Answer B : Choice (B) is not correct. The sum of the measures of the angles of is so if were equal to then would be equal to the value of However, cannot be not Therefore,
Explanation for Incorrect Answer C : Choice (C) is not correct. The sum of the measures of the angles of is be equal to the value of so if were equal to then not would Therefore, However, cannot be
Explanation for Incorrect Answer E : Choice (E) is not correct. The sum of the measures of the angles of is so if were equal to then would be equal to However, not Therefore, the value of cannot be
17
If
Explanation for Correct Answer C : Choice (C) is correct. We have for all real values of has the property that be defined by Explanation for Incorrect Answer A : Choice (A) is not correct. If could not be defined by for all real values of because then for all real values of for all real values of then and so could
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then
Explanation for Incorrect Answer D : Choice (D) is not correct. If could not be defined by for all real values of because then
Explanation for Incorrect Answer E : Choice (E) is not correct. If could not be defined by for all real values of because then
18
How m any different positiv e four-digit integers can be form ed if the first digit m ust be the last digit cannot be and digits m ay be repeated?
Explanation for Correct Answer B : Choice (B) is correct. The number of possibilities can be found by finding the number of possibilities for each digit and then applying the Fundamental Theorem of Counting. The first digit must be so there is possibility for the first digit. Since digits may be repeated (but do not have to be repeated), there are no restrictions on the second or third digits; thus, there are possibilities for the second digit and possibilities for the third digit. Since the last digit cannot be there are possibilities for the last digit. Therefore, by the Fundamental Theorem of Counting, there are different positive four-digit integers satisfying the given conditions. Explanation for Incorrect Answer A : Choice (A) is not correct. This is the number of different positive four-digit integers such that the first digit is no digit is and digits may not be repeated. But this is not what the question asked. Explanation for Incorrect Answer C :
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Choice (C) is not correct. This is the number of different positive four-digit integers with first digit However, there is the additional condition that the last digit cannot be Explanation for Incorrect Answer D : Choice (D) is not correct. This is the number of different positive four-digit integers. However, there are two conditions: the first digit must be and the last digit cannot be Explanation for Incorrect Answer E : Choice (E) is not correct. This is the number of different nonnegative integers with four or fewer digits. However, the number must have exactly four digits and satisfy two additional conditions: the first digit must be and the last digit cannot be
19 If what are all possible v alues of that satisfy the equation abov e?
Explanation for Correct Answer D : Choice (D) is correct. To find all possible values of that satisfy the conditions of the question, express in terms of using the equation given. Combining the terms of equation that contain on the left side gives or Dividing both sides of the equation by (note that and so ) yields
This can be rewritten as Since can be any number greater than Hence it follows that can be any number can
be any number greater than greater than but less than that satisfy given by
and
it is clear
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Choice (A) is not correct. Since The Official SAT Online Course that cannot take negative values.
and
it is clear
Explanation for Incorrect Answer B : Choice (B) is not correct. Since that should be greater than and it is clear
Explanation for Incorrect Answer C : Choice (C) is not correct. Since that should be greater than less than but and it is clear
contains values of
Explanation for Incorrect Answer E : Choice (E) is not correct. Since that is less than and it is clear
20
Which of the following represents the area of the fiv e-sided figure shown abov e?
Explanation for Correct Answer E : Choice (E) is correct. The five-sided figure can be divided into a rectangle and a triangle as shown below.
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The area of the five-sided figure can be found by adding the area of the rectangle and the area of the triangle in the figure above. The rectangle has sides of length and and so its area is The triangle in the figure is a right triangle, and so its base is equal to its height. The height of the triangle is since it is equal to the length of the entire vertical segment ( ) minus the short side of the rectangle ( ). Therefore, the area of the triangle is Therefore, the area of the five-sided figure is
Explanation for Incorrect Answer A : Choice (A) is not correct. As shown in the figure in the rationale for the key, the five-sided figure can be divided into a rectangle and an isosceles right triangle. The rectangle has sides of length and and so its area is are each of length not not The legs of the isosceles right triangle and so its area is not
Explanation for Incorrect Answer B : Choice (B) is not correct. As shown in the figure in the rationale for the key, the five-sided figure can be divided into a rectangle and an isosceles right triangle. The rectangle has sides of length and and so its area is The legs of the isosceles right triangle are each of length not and so its area is not not
Explanation for Incorrect Answer C : Choice (C) is not correct. As shown in the figure in the rationale for the key, the five-sided figure can be divided into a rectangle and an isosceles right triangle. The rectangle has sides of length and and so its area is The legs of the isosceles right triangle are each of length and so its area is not
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not
Explanation for Incorrect Answer D : Choice (D) is not correct. As shown in the figure in the rationale for the key, the five-sided figure can be divided into a rectangle and an isosceles right triangle. The rectangle has sides of length and and so its area is The legs of the isosceles right triangle are each of length and so its area is not not
Copy right 201 4 The College Board. All rights reserv ed.
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