Representation by Geo-Information

- tree tales 120925|LAR33306 Ron van Lammeren

Tree representation

Point, Area

Area, Volume

Point, Simple Volume

Point, Complex Volumes

PPS | National tree database, 2011

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Geo-data everywhere

Geo data ensembles

Lammeren, 2011

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Representation of real world phenomena

Geo-data is based on (purpose driven)

Spatial perception Spatial description

(Geometric) Data structure

Tabular description (database) geometric (coordinates)

thematic (attributes)

For example Maguire et al, 2010

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World and World

Above Nasa-wind map Below Eratosthenes world map

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Geo-information Science
Reflection on (solving) complex spatial-temporal problems with GIS and Remote Sensing approaches and techniques (Goodchild, 2004)

Where is what? Where has what changed? Where will what change?

inventory and status mapping monitoring and change detection scenario studies and prediction

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Real world Phenomena

continuous phenomena

WU-GRS, Clevers et al, 2011

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Tactile and Virtual

discrete phenomena

Cadaster NL, 2006

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Wageningen and Wageningen

WUR-Geodesk, 2012

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Data and Graphics

Student work GRS51306, 2010 10/31

Data and Graphics

Student work GRS51306, 2010

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Measured and Sketched

Left, field sketch students GRS10306, 2011 Right, AHN2, 2011

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WUR|PPS National Tree Database, 2012

Measured and Derived

Crown width

Crown height Stem width

WUR|PPS National Tree Database, 2012

Tree height Stem height

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Accuracy and Precision

Left, Longley et al, 2011

Right, ESRI 2011

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Accuracy and Precision

LAR thesis Joosten, 2012

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Generalisation
Right: Longley et al, 2011 Under: Lammeren et al, 2007

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Static and Dynamic

spatio-temperal data

Top: Talentorganisatie, 2012 Under: WU-GRS/FEM thesis, Bergsma, 2011

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Perception and context

Weitkamp et al, 2009

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Globe and Plane

only Horizontal reference !!

Principal scale

Local scale

Map scale

Earth

Spheroid

Projected Map Map Projection

Map Grid Reference / map scale Transformation Grid - units (False) Origin

Mathematical Representation Geo Datum

GRS10306, Lammeren et al, 2010

Projected coordinate system

Projection Plane Orientation Distortion

Geographic coordinate system

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Reference systems

GRS10306, Lammeren et al, 2010

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Positional accuracy

GRS51306, Lammeren et al, 2011

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2D and 3D

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3D trees

= primitives

+ bit plane

GRS51306, Lammeren et al, 2010

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Map: UK ordnance survey, 2008; Photo: Lammeren, 2009

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Horizontal and Vertical

GRS10306, Lammeren et al, 2011

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Context and Interest

Right | GRS10306 Under | WUR_CGI, Kramer et al, 2012

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Standards and Cultures

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Conclusions on representation of real world phenomena

Culture based

Context ! and interest of project / research

Perception based phenomena definition Globe as a reference (horizontal and vertical ) Coordinate reference system ( 2D vs 3D georeferences, projection)

Geometrical definition ( generalization, precision, 2D vs 3D)

Accuracy (meaning and geometry) Data type ( raster vs vector) Graphical presentation (graphic attributes, 2D 3D , story to be told) ! Availability and accessibility !

BUT geodata ensembles are possible thanks to geographic coordinates and the many geo-data handling options
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Google Earth | Kramer et al, 2011

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Representation
by Geo-Information

120927| rvl | www.geo-informatie.nl

Chair group GRS Programme MGI

http://www.grs.wur.nl http://www.mgi.wur.nl

ron.vanlammeren@wur.nl