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CHNG 3:
NH LUT NHIT NG TH HAI
thermodynamics
LN Th Hai
thermodynamics
1/22/2013
1. t vn
Chiu hng xy ra ca cc qu trnh? Mc chuyn ha gia cc dng nng lng khc nhau?
3
thermodynamics
nh ngha: Chu trnh l tp hp mt s qu trnh c tnh cht khp kn Phn loi: Chu trnh thun chiu: Chu trnh ngc chiu:
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4
thermodynamics
1/22/2013
thermodynamics
2. nh lut nhit ng th 2
Pht biu ca Kelvin Planck Pht biu ca Clausius ng c nhit ch c th hot H s lm lnh hay lm nng ca ng v sinh cng khi c s vn my lnh v bm nhit lun lun chuyn nhit lng t ngun nng phi c gi tr xc nh, khng th n ngun lnh. no tin n v cng.
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Gii hn ca v ,
thermodynamics
1/22/2013
2. nh lut nhit ng th 2
Chng minh LN th 2:
thermodynamics
thermodynamics
1/22/2013
Chu trnh Carnot l chu trnh c bn qu trnh, trong c hai qu trnh on nhit thun nghch v hai qu trnh ng nhit thun nghch xp xen k nhau. Video Chu trnh Carnot thun chiu: =
TN
TL
9
thermodynamics
10
thermodynamics
1/22/2013
TN
TL
11
thermodynamics
nh l Carnot
Hiu sut nhit ca chu trnh thun nghch, c thc hin gia hai ngun nhit c nhit T1 v T2, hon ton khng ph thuc vo tnh cht ca cht mi gii hot ng trong chu trnh. Chng minh L Carnot
12
thermodynamics
1/22/2013
5. Cc h qu ca LN th 2
H qu 1:
Khi hot ng gia cc gii hn nhit nh nhau, khng th c bt k chu trnh nhit ng thun chiu thc t no c hiu sut nhit ln hn hoc bng hiu sut nhit ca chu trnh Carnot
Cc chu trnh Carnot thun chiu u c hiu sut nhit bng nhau khi cng hot ng gia cc ngun nng v ngun lnh nh nhau. C th xy dng thang o nhit c lp vi cht mi gii c dng. Cc gi tr nhit da theo thang o ny c gi l nhit tuyt i.
H qu th 2:
H qu th 3:
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thermodynamics
5. Cc h qu ca LN th 2
14
thermodynamics