RM E Balanced Cantilever AASHTO

TRAINING BALANCED CANTILEVER AASHTO
RM Bridge V8i October 2010
RM Bridge Professional Engineering Software for Bridges of all Types
RM Bridge Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO I
Contents
1 General ........................................................................................................................ 1-1 1.1 Starting the Program ............................................................................................ 1-1 1.2 What Is To Do In This Training? ......................................................................... 1-2 2 The Example ............................................................................................................... 2-1 2.1 Structural System ................................................................................................. 2-1 2.2 Design Criteria ..................................................................................................... 2-6 2.3 Materials .............................................................................................................. 2-6 2.4 Design Loadings .................................................................................................. 2-7 2.4.1 Dead Load ..................................................................................................... 2-7 2.4.2 Live Load ...................................................................................................... 2-7 2.4.3 Wind Loads ................................................................................................... 2-8 2.4.4 Thermal Forces ............................................................................................. 2-8 2.4.5 Creep and Shrinkage ..................................................................................... 2-9 2.4.6 Earthquake .................................................................................................... 2-9 2.4.7 Pier Settlement .............................................................................................. 2-9 2.5 Load Combinations .............................................................................................. 2-9 2.6 Construction Schedule Time Stop .................................................................. 2-11 3 Modifications in Modeler ......................................................................................... 3-1 4 Temperature Definition............................................................................................... 4-1 4.1 Definition of Temperature Points: ....................................................................... 4-2 4.2 Definition of Formulas......................................................................................... 4-5 4.3 Updating the Segment Points............................................................................... 4-5 5 Definition of the Sub-Structure................................................................................... 5-1 6 Data Export ................................................................................................................. 6-1 7 System Modifications ................................................................................................. 7-1 7.1 Importing of Materials and Variables and Cross-Sections Via Defaults .......... 7-1 8 Tendon Jacking ........................................................................................................... 8-1 8.1 Definition the Tendon Groups ............................................................................. 8-3
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RM Bridge Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO II
8.2 Assigning the Tendon Group to the Elements ..................................................... 8-3 8.3 Definition of the Cable Geometry ....................................................................... 8-4 8.4 Definition of the Tendon Stressing Schedule ...................................................... 8-9 9 Loads ........................................................................................................................... 9-1 9.1 Defining Loads .................................................................................................... 9-1 9.1.1 Definition of Load Sets for Self Weight ....................................................... 9-1 9.1.2 Definition of Load Sets for the Traveller...................................................... 9-3 9.1.3 Definition of Load Sets for the Dead Loads ................................................. 9-5 9.1.4 Definition of Load Sets for the Wet Concrete .............................................. 9-5 9.1.5 Definition of Load Sets for the Tendon Jacking ........................................... 9-7 9.1.6 Definition of Load Cases for Creeping and Shrinkage ................................. 9-8 9.1.7 Additional Assignment of Load Set to Load Case ....................................... 9-9 9.2 Load Manager .................................................................................................... 9-10 10 Construction Stages ................................................................................................ 10-1 10.1 Stage 1.............................................................................................................. 10-1 10.1.1 Element Activation ................................................................................... 10-1 10.1.2 Calculation (Static) ................................................................................... 10-1 10.2 Stage 2.............................................................................................................. 10-2 10.2.1 Element Activation ................................................................................... 10-3 10.2.2 Calculation (Static) ................................................................................... 10-3 10.3 Stage 3.............................................................................................................. 10-3 10.3.1 Element Activation ................................................................................... 10-4 10.3.2 Calculation (Static) ................................................................................... 10-4 10.4 Stage 4.............................................................................................................. 10-4 10.4.1 Element Activation ................................................................................... 10-5 10.4.2 Calculation (Static) ................................................................................... 10-5 10.5 Stage 5.............................................................................................................. 10-5 10.5.1 Element Activation ................................................................................... 10-6 10.5.2 Calculation (Static) ................................................................................... 10-6 10.6 Stage 6.............................................................................................................. 10-6 10.6.1 Element Activation ................................................................................... 10-7
RM Bridge Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO III
10.6.2 Calculation (Static) ................................................................................... 10-7 10.7 Stage 7.............................................................................................................. 10-7 10.7.1 Element Activation ................................................................................... 10-8 10.7.2 Calculation (Static) ................................................................................... 10-8 10.8 Stage 8.............................................................................................................. 10-8 10.8.1 Element Activation ................................................................................... 10-9 10.8.2 Calculation (Static) ................................................................................... 10-9 10.9 Stage 9.............................................................................................................. 10-9 10.9.1 Element Activation ................................................................................. 10-10 10.9.2 Calculation (Static) ................................................................................. 10-10 10.10 Final Stage ................................................................................................... 10-10 10.10.1 Element Activation ............................................................................... 10-10 10.10.2 Calculation (Static) ............................................................................... 10-11 11 Camber .................................................................................................................... 11-1 12 Additional Loads..................................................................................................... 12-1 12.1.1 Definition of Earthquake Load Case (Static Earthquake Calculation) ..... 12-1 12.1.2 Definition of Settlement Load Case.......................................................... 12-3 12.1.3 Definition of Temperature Load Case ...................................................... 12-4 12.1.4 Definition of Wind Load Case .................................................................. 12-5 13 Superposition .......................................................................................................... 13-1 14 Traffic ..................................................................................................................... 14-1 14.1 Traffic Definition ............................................................................................. 14-1 14.2 Traffic Lanes .................................................................................................... 14-6 14.3 Traffic Loads.................................................................................................... 14-7 14.4 Traffic Calculation ........................................................................................... 14-8 14.5 Traffic Superposition ..................................................................................... 14-10 15 Load Combinations ................................................................................................. 15-1 16 Fibre Stress Check .................................................................................................. 16-1 16.1 Definition of the Stress Limits ......................................................................... 16-1 16.2 Inserting the Actions into the Construction Schedule ..................................... 16-1 17 Ultimate Load Check .............................................................................................. 17-1
RM Bridge Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO IV
18 Shear Capacity Check ............................................................................................. 18-1
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RM Bridge
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 1-1
General
1 General
The following items are briefly described in this introduction: Defining the structural model (detail support conditions) Defining loads (Wind, settlement, earthquake) Defining temperature (gradient as per AASTHO) Defining a traffic loading case (detail traffic load due AASHTO) Defining loads and a construction schedule (9 construction stages) Calculating the results Viewing the results Normal stress check Ultimate load check Shear capacity check Working with TCL This introduction is based on an example that the user should work through using the program RM at the same time as following this text.
1.1 Starting the Program

The program installation must be completed before any work can be started. The installation procedure automatically creates the following icon for RM Bridge on the desktop:
The program can be started by double-clicking the appropriate icon (shown above) or by selecting the icons via the Windows Start menu, (usually located in the bottom left hand corner of the screen). What Is Done In This Example? Starting the program The user interface Importing material definitions Definition of materials Defining a cross section Defining the structural model (curved axis in elevation and ground view) Defining a tendon geometry Defining loads Defining a traffic loading case (one concentrated load plus uniform load) Defining a loads and construction schedule (with no detail construction schedule)
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Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO Calculating the results Viewing the results Fibre stress check Ultimate load check Shear capacity check 1-2
General
1.2 What Is To Do In This Training?

Detail modelling in Modeler (temperature points + pier and support conditions) Defining loads (for nine construction stages) Defining a traffic loading case (detail traffic load according to AASHTO) Defining loads and a construction scedule (nine construction stages) Calculating the results Viewing the results Fibre stress check Ultimate load check Shear capacity check Working with TCL
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RM Bridge
The Example
2 The Example
A three span hollow box girder bridge with a curved axis built by the span by span method. The geometry of this example is the same as of training 1.
This structure is a prestressed concrete girder which consists of three spans with span length of 40, 60 and 40m.The cross-section is a hollow box with variable dimensions.
2.1 Structural System

System axis: Horizontal plan 1.Part: Straight Line: 2.Part: Spiral: 3.Part: Circle: A=100, RENDE=200m R=200 Station: 0-20 m Station: 20-70 m Station: 70-140 m Station: 0-65 m Station: 65-140 m R=-2000m
System axis: Vertical plan 1.Part: Line: 65m dZabsolute= 1.083m 2.Part: Line: 65m dZabsolute= -0.2924m Rounding with Insert parabola by intersection Piers: A2: Height: 20m (4 Elements each 5m) A3: Height: 20m (4 Elements each 5m) Numbering system:
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Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO Node numbers (span): Element numbers (span) : Active elements: Construction Stage 1: Construction Stage 2: Construction Stage 3:
A1
40m 10x4m
The Example
2-2
101-111-126-136 101-110,111-125,126-135 101-113, 1100-1102, 1200-1204 114-128, 1300-1304 129-135, 1400-1402

A2
60m 15x4m
A3
40m 10x4m
A4
Stage 1:
A1
40m 10x4m
A2
60m 15x4m
A3
40m 10x4m
A4
Stage 9:
A1
40m 10x4m
A2
60m 15x4m
A3
40m 10x4m
A4
Stage 17:
Figure 2-1: Construction Stages.
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RM Bridge
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO
Achse 1 1102 101-110 1101 111-125 126-135 Achse 2
The Example
2-3
Achse 3 Achse 4 1402
1401
Z X
Figure 2-2: Support definition.
GP2004
6,5 m 0,40m 3,00 m 2,00 m
13,0 m 6,5 m 12,2 m 1,50m 1,50m 2,00 m 0,40m 3,00 m
0,90 m 0,25m Y Z 0,20 m 0,25m
Hgestab(sg) dStegtab(sg)
5,0 m 0,15 m
dUntentab(sg)
4,0m
1,5m
1,0m
1,0m
1,5m
4,0m
Figure 2-3: Cross-section.
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RM Bridge
AXIS 1
The Example
GP2000
4,0m
Node 101
Y Z Spring 1101 Node 0 2,40m Node 1101 Spring 1100 2,40m Spring 1102
Figure 2-4:Definitions of bearings at axis 1.
AXIS 4 Node 136
Y Z Spring 1401 Node 1401 Spring 1400 Node 0 2,40m 2,40m Spring 1402
Figure 2-5:Definitions of bearings at axis 4.
1.5m
5.0m Y
Figure 2-6: Pier cross-section.
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RM Bridge
The Example
Table 2-1: Spring constants.

Element 1100 1101 1102 1400 1401 1402 1200 1300 CX [kN/m] 1e8 1e8 1e8 1e8 1e8 1e8 1e8 1e8 CY [kN/m] 1e8 CZ [kN/m] 1e8 1e8 1e8 1e8 1e8 1e8 CMX [kNm] 1e8 CMY [kNm] 1e8 CMZ [kNm] 1e8
1e8
1e8
1e8
1e8
1e8 1e8
1e8 1e8
1e8 1e8
1e8 1e8
Axis 2 Segment 1
111
seg1 Eccentric rigid connection of the pier with the main girder Connection point
1204
Connection point
seg2 Pier 1
20m
seg2 Pier 1
1203 1202 1201
Start of segment 2
0
Figure 2-7: Substructure Axis 2 Pier 1 (Segment2).

Axis 3 Segment 1 Connection point
1304 126
seg1 Eccentric rigid connection of the pier with the main girder Connection point
Seg3 Pier 2
20m
Seg3 Pier 2
1303 1302 1301
Start of segment 3
0
Figure 2-8:Substructure Axis 2 Pier 2 (Segment3).
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RM Bridge
NB. 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 110 111 109 108 107 106 105 104 112 113 114 115 116 117 119 120 121 122 123 124
The Example
2-6
125 126 127 201 202 203 128 204 129 205 130 206 131 132 207 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135
301 302
2 2 401 402 4 2
501 502
2 2
Figure 2-9:Cable plan.
2.2 Design Criteria

The following design criteria will be used in this example: Material: Loads: Checks: AASHTO Bridge Design Specifications Simple loadings only used to demonstrate the program capabilities Simple checks only used to demonstrate the program capabilities
2.3 Materials
Reinforcement: Yield Strength: Modulus of Elasticity: Concrete: 28 day Cylinder Compressive Strength: Modulus of Elasticity: Prestressing Steel: Strand type low-relaxation steel tendons: Apparent Modulus of Elasticity: Ultimate Tensile Strength Yield Strength Material safety factor 197 000 000 kN/m2 1 860 000 kN/m2 1 674 000 kN/m2 0.95 GRADE 460 400 000 kN/m2 200 000 000 kN/m2 Type C 45 51 800 kN/m2 32 100 000 kN/m2
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RM Bridge
The Example
2.4 Design Loadings

2.4.1 Dead Load Unit Weight of Reinforced Concrete (DC): Unit Weight of Post-Tensioned Concrete (DC): Traffic Barriers (DC): Construction loading: Additional dead load (after construction): 23.5 kN/m3 24.3 kN/m3 6.1 kN/m each 0.48 kN/m2 (=6 kN/m) 1.92 kN/m2 (=24 kN/m) 24-6=18 kN/m 2.4.2 Live Load AASHTO - HS-25 (4 design lanes) using multiple factors. Lane reduced factor: Impact factor: 0.75 I=50/(L+125) L[ft]
L[m] 60 40 L[ft] 196.850 131.234 I 0.155 0.195 I[%] 15.535 19.513
Load train 1:
177.9 kN 40000 LBS 44.5 kN 10000 LBS 4.264m 14ft 4.264-9.144m 14-30 ft 177.9 kN 40000 LBS
Load train 2 (for Moment+Shear):
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For Moment 100.1 kN 22500 LBS For Shear 144.6 kN 32500 LBS 11.7 kN/m 800 LBS/ft
The Example
2-8
2.4.3 Wind Loads Base wind of 100 MPH Wind on Structure: Wind on Live Load: 2.394 kN/m2 1.459 kN/m (1.83 m above the deck)
2.4.4 Thermal Forces Thermal Coefficient: 10.8 x 10e-6 per C 15 C Uniform temperature load: Temperature Load:
TEMP - MINUS F T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 T7 T8 -27 -7 -2 0 0 -2 -7 -14 C -15.0 -3.89 -1.11 0.00 0.00 -1.11 -3.89 -7.78 T6 5 2.78 T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 TEMP - PLUS F 54 19 10 0 0 C 30.0 10.55 5.55 0.00 0.00
Non-linear temperature gradient according to AASHTO.
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T1
T2 T2 T3 T3
The Example
2-9
MINUS 0.10 0.45d 0.20 1.0 or d-0.20 PLUS
T1 C
d
T6
T4 T5 T4
0.45d
0.20 0.10
T8
T5 T7 T6
0.20
2.4.5 Creep and Shrinkage Time dependent effects calculated in accordance with CEB-FIP 1990 Model Code. 2.4.6 Earthquake Acceleration coefficient: Seismic Zone 1 and Soil Type 11: Equivalent factor for static earthquake analysis = 6.0% - 0.06 2.4.7 Pier Settlement 1 cm at each abutment and pier axis.
2.5 Load Combinations
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The Example
SLS
Self weight during CS Additional load during CS Prestressing during CS Creep during CS wind on structure wind on live load Additional load Support settlement 25 years creep 25 years shrinkage Earthquake Traffic Temperatur Stress limits f'c Tension Compressiv DC CLL PT CS WS WL CLL ST CR SH EQ TR TR %
Combination Group I Group Ia Group II Group III Group IV Group V Group VI Group VII Group VIII Group IX Group X 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0.3 1 0.3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 100.00 150.00 125.00 5376 31080 4480 25900 125.00 4480 25900 125.00 4480 25900 140.00 5017.6 29008 140.00 5017.6 29008 133.00 4766.72 27557.6 140.00 5017.6 29008 150.00 5376 31080 100.00 3584 20720
3584 3584 20720 20720
Load factor for settlement during construction SE = 0.5.
ULS
Factor Self weight during CS DC Additional load during CS CLL Prestressing during CS PT Creep during CS CS wind on structure WS wind on live load WL Additional load CLL Support settlement ST 25 years creep CR 25 years shrinkage SH Earthquake EQ Traffic TR Temperatur TR
Combination Group I Group Ia Group II Group III Group IV Group V Group VI Group VII Group VIII Group IX Group X 1,3 1,3 1,3 1,3 1,3 1,25 1,25 1,3 1,3 1,2 1,3 1,3 1,3 1,3 1,3 1,3 1,25 1,25 1,3 1,3 1,2 1,3 1,3 1,3 1,3 1,3 1,3 1,25 1,25 1,3 1,3 1,2 1,3 0.9,1 0.9,1 0.9,1 0.9,1 0.9,1 0.9,1 0.9,1 0.9,1 0.9,1 0.9,1 0.9,1 1,3 1,3 1,3 1,3 1,3 1,25 1,25 1,3 1,3 1,2 1,3 1,3 0,39 1,25 0,375 1,3 1,25 1,3 1,3 1,3 1,3 1,3 1,25 1,25 1,3 1,3 1,2 1,3 0,65 0,65 0,65 0,65 0,65 0,625 0,625 0,65 0,65 0,6 0,65 1,3 1,25 1,25 1,3 1,25 1,25 1,3 2,171 2,86 1,3 1,3 1,25 1,3 1,3 1,3 1,25 1,25 1,3 1,3
Only AASHTO groups I, Ia, II, III, VI and VII are considered in this example. The AASHTO combinations are allocated to the following RM comb numbers:
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AASHTO SLS ULS I Comb I Comb VII Ia Comb II Comb VIII II Comb III Comb IX III Comb IV Comb X VI Comb V Comb XI
The Example
VII Comb VI Comb XII
2.6 Construction Schedule Time Stop

Assumption: Starting from Pier 1 (elements 110&111), each stage is constructed in 14 days. Actual construction schedule:
dT TIME Stage 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
0 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 28 42 56 70 84 98 112 126 140 154 168 182 196 210 224 238 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 101 102 103 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 104 105 106 107 108 109
PIER 1
110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117
PIER 2
This construction schedule consists of 17 construction stages.
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RM Bridge
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 2-12 Construction schedule simulated using TIME-STOP:
dT TIME Stage 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 0 14 28 42 56 70 84 98 112 126 101 102 103 118 104 105 106 107 108 109
The Example
PIER 1
110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 119 120 121 122 123 124
PIER 2
125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135
This simulated schedule has 8 construction stages and 40 loading cases (101-108,201208,301-307,501-508,601-608).
dT TIME Stage 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
14 14 14 14 14 14 14 126 0 14 28 42 56 70 84 98 224 101 102 103 125 126 124 123 122 121 120 119 118 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 104 105 106 107 108 109
PIER 1
110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117
PIER 2
14
238
Although the piers 1&2 elements are shown as being constructed in the same construction stages, the TIME-STOP module delays the start of creep & shrinkage on the pier 2 elements (Nos 119-135) for 112 days, thus bringing all construction times onto the correct time axis.
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TIME STOP 112 Days
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Modifications in Modeler
3 Modifications in Modeler
The data from the Modeler Training Prestressing-Basic example will be used and extended. Copy all the data from c: \work\Prestressing-Basic into c:\work\BalancedCantilever. Open RM and start in the created directory (c: \work\Balanced-Cantilever). The supports defined in the Modeler training session will be re-defined here.
Select the segment symbol in the navigation tree. Highlight the first line in the table (station 0). Select the button <Connection>. Delete the defined support at station 0. Repeat this procedure at the station 140. <Close> windows. Open segment list and change to the pier cross-section P2. Highlight the station 0 (last line). Select the button <Connection> and delete the defined support. Select <Close> and repeat this steps with pier P3.
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Temperature Definition
4 Temperature Definition
The following must be done: Create construction lines at the Temperature points. Define the Temperature points plus the temperature difference. Create a variation table, because some location of a temperature point depends on the depth of the cross section (0.45*d). Assign the temperature points to segment 1.
MINUS
0.10
PLUS T1 T2
T1 T2
0.45d
0.20
T3
T3
1.0 or d-0.20
T4 T5 T4 T6 0.45d
0.20
T5 T7
0.20
0.10
T8
T6
TEMP - MINUS F T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 T7 T8 -27 -7 -2 0 0 -2 -7 -14 C -15.00 -3.89 -1.11 0.00 0.00 -1.11 -3.89 -7.78 T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6
TEMP - PLUS F 54 19 10 0 0 5 C 30.00 10.55 5.55 0.00 0.00 2.78
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4-2
Select cross-section cross1. Open the cross-section window. Create four additional variables:
Name htemp1 htemp2 htemp3 htemp4 Value 0.1 0.2 1.5 1.0 Type Length Length Length Length
Change the offset value to the variable htemp1. Select the CL construction button for parallel lines. Construct the new temperature CL by selecting the horizontal axis and clicking below it (or above). Use the following picture to create the additional construction lines.
MINUS
0.10=htemp1
PLUS T1 T2
0.45d=htemp3
T2
0.20=htemp2
T3
T3
1.0 or d-0.20 = htemp4
T4 T5 T4 T6 0.45d=htemp3
0.20=htemp2
T5 T7
0.20 0.20=htemp2
0.10=htemp1
T8
T6
4.1 Definition of Temperature Points:
Create two additional reference sets of the type temperature points and name them TEMP_MINUS and TEMP_PLUS.
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Change to reference set named TEMP_PLUS. Select INTERSECTION. Click on the first Temperature-point (shown on the right - see arrow). Use the zoom-function to select the right intersection point!
Enter T1 in the displayed window. Insert 30C for the Temperature. Confirm by clicking <OK> . Insert the other temperature points as shown below.
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T1=30.00C T2=10.55C T3=5.55C
T4=0.00C
T5=0.00C T6=2.78C
Define the TEMP_MINUS points in a similar way and in accordance with the MINUS part of the diagram shown at the start of this chapter. Select one defined temperature point. Select the Edit button to enter the dT-diagram. Press the <Curve> button to view the temperature distribution in the cross section for the group TEMP-PLUS.
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4-5
Close the dT-Diagram for TEMP-PLUS. Change the reference point group to TEMP-MINUS. Press the <Curve> button to view the temperatur distribution of TEMP-MINUS. Close the dT-Diagram for TEMP-MINUS
4.2 Definition of Formulas

The defined cross section contains 3 variable dimensions. Use the hcstab(sg) table to calculate htemp3.

Activate the table/formula window by clicking the corresponding button on the vertical right main menu. Select the general Append button to define a new formula in the displayed table. Select Formula and create a new formula (hcstemptab1) with the expression: 0.45*hcstab(sg). Hit <OK> to confirm.
4.3 Updating the Segment Points
Click the segment symbol. The additional variables htemp1-4 can be seen in the bottom table. Use the recalculation-function to update the system. The variables htemp1, 2 and 4 are constant. Only the variable htemp3 needs to be assigned to a formula.
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Select htemp3 and click on the edit symbol at the top of the Variables-table. Click htemp3 in the left listing. Select the arrow next to the expression window to open the defined table window. Click on hcstemptab1 for the Expression. Confirm by clicking <OK> . Confirm on <Apply> . Insert from element 1 to element 35 (point 1 to point 36 ) step 1. Select the Copy expression button to assign this definition for both tables (Left and right side of the element). Hit <OK> to confirm.
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Use the <Recalculation with formula evaluation> to update the database.
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Definition of the Sub-Structure
5 Definition of the Sub-Structure

Substructure Axis 1 - Abutment (Axis 4 is similar)
Y
AXIS 1 Node 101
Y Z
Spring 1101 CP1
Spring 1100 Node 0 CP0 2,40m 2,40m
Node 1101 Spring 1102 CP2
The element start and end for the eccentric springs are defined by the directions CP0 CP1 or vice versa and CP0 CP2 or vice versa.
Note: CP1 is the position of the bearing element 1101. CP2 Is the position of the bearing element 1102.
Add Connection Points
Cross-Section Select Reference Set and insert a new one called CONNECTIONS; choose as Type: Connections Points, and name the Attribute Set: CONNECTIONS. Confirm with <OK> . Define a point with the reference point icons, and assign a name say CP0 (define the support points CP0, CP1 and CP2).
Reference Set
Define the Connection Points
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Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO Define the Connection Between Top of Spring Support (Spring 1100) and Ground 5-2
Segment-List
Choose the axis segment, change to the segment list and select the segment point for the spring connection. Station 0 for example.
Connection Insert a New Connection
Select connection. Select New Spring-0 (for connection to ground). LH Window Segment Point 1 Part 1. Check/modify the segment point and part to be connected. Select CP0 (located at the spring element node) for the connection point in Connection window.
Note: The connection node 0 is automatically assigned.
Spring-0
Define the 1st Connection Point (LH Window)
Number the Element
Enter the Element number (1100 for the spring from ground - Node 0) to CP0 (Node 1). Select Free node at connection point for node 2 and enter 1101 as value.
Select Constants Change default spring and support constants if necessary. Confirm with OK twice.
Note: The default orientation for the spring is: The local X-direction vertical: Vertical support.
Change Values
Define Eccentric Connection for Spring 1101
Insert A New Connection
Choose New Spring to define the connection for spring element 1101. (Element 1101 is located at position CP1) - Connect node 1101 (CP0) to node 1100 with
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eccentric connections. LH Window Segment Point 1 Part 1. Spring Between Two Nodes Check/modify the segment point and part to be connected. Select Free node at connection point for Node 1 and enter 1101 for the node. Select Spring between 2 Nodes. Define the 1st Connection Point Select CP0 (located at the spring element to-ground end node) for the connection point in the Connection point window. Select CP1 (located at the LH bearing pos) for the connection point in the Connection point window. Enter the Element number 1101. Select constants to modify spring stiffness, element numbers and eccentric connections. Repeat the above procedure for RH Bearing Element (number 1102): New Spring Conn. pnt. CP0 LH window Free node at connection point Insert node 1101 Conn. pnt CP2 RH window Use as element position Element 1102 Define spring constants Number 1103: Input on the left side:CP0, Use as element position, Element: 1103, Free node at connection point, Node 1: 1101 Define spring constants Repeat the above for the bearing element at segment 36 using the bearing numbers 1400 to 1403.
Define the 2nd Connection Point
Constants
Define Eccentric Connection for Spring 1102 and 1103
Repeat Procedure
RM Bridge
The following must be done for the connection between pier and girder: Create a connection point. Define the cross section for the pier. Define two additional segments for the two piers (segment 2 and 3). Define the connection between main girder and pier. Define a spring connection between the pier and the foundation.
Defining the pier connection as a rigid link: Insert Segment Choose a name Change type to Pier Check/modify reference segment Check/modify segment point Choose the connection point (CP0)
Add Column
Assign Coloumn CS and Numbering
Assign the cross-section and numbering system for the Column.

Note: The height 0 is the top of the su pport/column! The bottom of the column is a minus height!
Segment List
Choose the segment corresponding to the column to be connected (P2). Change to the segment list and choose the segment point to be connected (usually first or last segment point) segment point 5 here. Select <Connection> and then select Insert before and then New rigid connection. Input for the 1st node (LH):
Connection / Insert a New Connection
Define the Connection Points
Segment P2, Before segment point 5, Part 1, Selected part. Input for the 2nd node (RH): Segment seg1, After segment point 11, Part 1.
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
Spring-0
Define a new Spring at the bottom of the pier 1: Jump to Segment point 1 Hit <Connection> and enter New Spring-0 Insert Element number 1200 Define spring constants Repeat the above procedure for Pier 3 (P3): New rigid connection Segment point 5 (P3) LH Segment point 26 (seg1) RH Define a new spring at the bottom of pier 2: Jump to segment point 1 New spring-0 Insert element number 1300 Define spring constants
Repeat Procedure
The pier definition is now complete. Use the <Recalculate> button to update all the data. The defined structure can now be seen in plan and 3D view.
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
Data Export
6 Data Export
The structural system definition is now complete and the data should be exported. The export-procedure can be set in the recalculation option. Select the main Recalc button. Set the Create-Model option in order to export the Modeler data into the Analyzer database. The default-setting can be kept. Confirm by clicking <Run> . The modeling data which are prepared in this section are also available for Analyzer.
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
System Modifications
7 System Modifications
7.1 Importing of Materials and Variables and Cross-Sections Via Defaults
An alternative to the above is to select File Load Default Properties from the main window. Choose the material, cross-section or variable radio button. Select the <Default database> button then the arrow to open an explorer window. Select the directory from which the desired data is to be copied into the project directory. (The user can easily use data prepared for previous projects in this way). The structural system is now complete except for the definition of the tendon geometry. The system can be calculated for the first time.
Hit <Recalc> .
The following pre-defined parameters can be accepted or modified as required. Modify the following to suit this example (refer to the screen shot on the previous page):

Input a project text. Switch to AASHTO.
Only a cross section calculation and a structure check can be done at this stage. Check Cross section calculation. Check Structure check. Uncheck all other Calculation options.

Confirm with <OK> to start the calculation. Use the freehand symbol V to zoom all and redraw. The freehand V symbol must be drawn directly on the screen using the left mouse button whilst simultaneously holding the <Ctrl> key on the keyboard down.
The material safety factor of 0.95 is included in the characteristic diagram.
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
Tendon Jacking
8 Tendon Jacking
The input procedure of the tendons is not the same as in the Training 1 example. The tendons from the Getting started example can be imported or the data input repeated here. Define the tendon material. Strand tendons shall consist of low-relaxation steel - material properties: Apparent Modulus of Elasticity: Ultimate Tensile Strength Yield Strength Stress strain curve 197 000 000 kN/m2 1 860 000 kN/m2 1 674 000 kN/m2
Prestressing Steel Epsilon [kN/m2] -20.00 -1860000 -7.85 -1674000 0.00 0 7.85 1674000 20.00 1860000
2500000 2000000 1500000 1000000 500000 0 -20.00 -500000 -1000000 -1500000 -2000000 -2500000 strain -7.85 0.00 7.85 20.00
Tendon:
AC=0.0016m2/tendon AH=0.0050m2/duct 0.25 0.151 deg/m
Friction Coefficient: Wobble Coefficient:

Note:
Wobble only occurs with internal tendons (0.00066*(180/(pi* )=0.151[deg/m])).
Anchor Set (Wedge Slip):
stress
6 mm = 0.006m
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO Allowable Stresses: Jacking Force: At anchorages after anchoring At other location after anchoring 0.80 fpu 0.70 fpu 0.74 fpu 8-2
Tendon Jacking
At Service limit state after losses 0.80 fpy

Factor 0.8 0.7 fpu 1860000 1488000 1302000 fpy 1674000 0.74 1376400 0.8 1339200
Define the tendon material.

Select PROPERTIES MATERIAL DATA. Select the last line of the material list. Click the Append button. Input the data shown in the adjacent screen shot. Confirm with <OK>.
The name of the new material is PT 1, the type is Prestr. steel.
Define the material properties.

Select the material in the material list. Select the information button. Input the data shown in the adjacent screen shot. Confirm with <OK>.
The tendon material is now defined.
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
Tendon Jacking
8.1 Definition the Tendon Groups
Select STRUCTURE TENDON DATA AND PROPERTIES to open the tendon list.
All the Tendon jacking defined in the current project are listed in the upper table and the properties of the selected tendons are displayed in the lower table (geometric assignment to elements: distance of the centre of gravity at the begin/end of the element).

Select the Append button of the top table to open the input window for tendon group definition. Input the data shown in the table below.
STRUCTURE TENDON DATA Top table Tendon from Tendon to Step Tendon Type Tendon geom. 101 107 1 Intern Normal AASHTO: PTtrend Gr 270 2 0.0009 0.005 0.151 0.25 201 207 1 Intern Normal AASHTO: PTtrend Gr 270 2 0.0009 0.005 0.151 0.25 301 302 1 Intern Normal AASHTO: PTtrend Gr 270 2 0.0016 0.005 0.151 0.25 401 401 1 Intern Normal AASHTO: PTtrend Gr 270 4 0.0016 0.005 0.151 0.25 402 402 1 Intern Normal AASHTO: PTtrend Gr 270 2 0.0016 0.005 0.151 0.25 501 502 1 Intern Normal AASHTO: PTtrend Gr 270 2 0.0016 0.005 0.151 0.25
Input the Cable Properties
Material Number At [m2] Ad [m2] Beta [Deg/m] Friction
Confirm with <OK>.
8.2 Assigning the Tendon Group to the Elements

The tendon groups are listed in the upper table and the elements assigned to the selected tendon are displayed in the lower table.

Select the tendon group. Click the lower Append button to open the assignment input window. Input the data shown in the table below.
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
STRUCTURE Input the Cable Assignment TENDON DATA ASSIGNMENT Bottom table
Tendon Jacking
8-4
TdNum El from El to El step 101 110 111 1 102 109 112 1 103 108 113 1 104 107 114 1 105 106 115 1 106 105 116 1 107 104 117 1
TdNum El from El to El step
201 125 126 1
202 124 127 1
203 123 128 1
204 122 129 1
205 121 130 1
206 120 131 1
207 119 132 1
301 101 108 1
302 101 106 1
401 107 129 1
402 113 123 1
501 128 135 1
502 130 135 1
Confirm with <OK> .
8.3 Definition of the Cable Geometry

STRUCTURE Input the Cable Geometry TENDON DATA GEOMETRY Bottom table Tendon No. Ref. Elem. CS pnt Global/Local X/L eY [m] eZ [m] Rel. to Alfa1 Value Alfa2 Value Rel. to Straight part Extern 110
FiT
101 110
FiT
111
FiT
Local 0 -0.5 0 CS pnt Free Free Elem
Local 1 -0.2 0 CS pnt Value 0 Value 0 Node
Local 1 -0.5 0 CS pnt Free Free Elem
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
TdNum Ref. Elem. CS pnt Global/Local X/L eY [m] eZ [m] Rel. to Alfa1 Value Alfa2 Value Rel. to Straight part Extern 109
FiT
Tendon Jacking
8-5
112
FiT
109
FiT
102 110
FiT
112
FiT
108
FiT
108
FiT
103 110
FiT
113
FiT
113
FiT
Local 0 -0.5 0
CS pnt
Local 1 -0.2 0
CS pnt
Local 1 -0.2 0
CS pnt
Local 0 -0.2 0
CS pnt
Local 1 -0.5 0
CS pnt
Local 0 -0.5 0
CS pnt
Local 1 -0.2 0
CS pnt
Local 1 -0.2 0
CS pnt
Local 0 -0.2 0
CS pnt
Local 1 -0.5 0
CS pnt
Free Free Elem
Value 0 Value 0 Node
Free Free Elem
Free Free Elem
Free Free Elem
TdNum Ref. Elem. CS pnt Global/Local X/L eY [m] eZ [m] Rel. to Alfa1 Value Alfa2 Value Rel. to Straight part Extern
107
FiT
107
FiT
104 110
FiT
114
FiT
114
FiT
106
FiT
106
FiT
105 110
FiT
115
FiT
115
FiT
Local 0 -0.5 0
CS pnt
Local 1 -0.2 0
CS pnt
Local 1 -0.2 0
CS pnt
Local 0 -0.2 0
CS pnt
Local 1 -0.5 0
CS pnt
Local 0 -0.5 0
CS pnt
Local 1 -0.2 0
CS pnt
Local 1 -0.2 0
CS pnt
Local 0 -0.2 0
CS pnt
Local 1 -0.5 0
CS pnt
Free Free Elem
Free Free Elem
Free Free Elem
Free Free Elem
105
FiT
105
FiT
106 110
FiT
116
FiT
116
FiT
104
FiT
104
FiT
107 110
FiT
117
FiT
117
FiT
Local 0 -0.5 0
CS pnt
Local 1 -0.2 0
CS pnt
Local 1 -0.2 0
CS pnt
Local 0 -0.2 0
CS pnt
Local 1 -0.5 0
CS pnt
Local 0 -0.5 0
CS pnt
Local 1 -0.2 0
CS pnt
Local 1 -0.2 0
CS pnt
Local 0 -0.2 0
CS pnt
Local 1 -0.5 0
CS pnt
Free Free Elem
Free Free Elem
Free Free Elem
Free Free Elem
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
FiT
Tendon Jacking
8-6
124
FiT
201 125
FiT
126
FiT
124
FiT
202 125
FiT
127
FiT
127
FiT
Local 0 -0.5 0
CS pnt
Local 1 -0.2 0
CS pnt
Local 1 -0.5 0
CS pnt
Local 0 -0.5 0
CS pnt
Local 1 -0.2 0
CS pnt
Local 1 -0.2 0
CS pnt
Local 0 -0.2 0
CS pnt
Local 1 -0.5 0
CS pnt
Free Free Elem
Free Free Elem
Free Free Elem
Free Free Elem
123
FiT
123
FiT
203 125
FiT
128
FiT
128
FiT
122
FiT
122
FiT
204 125
FiT
129
FiT
129
FiT
Local 0 -0.5 0
CS pnt
Local 1 -0.2 0
CS pnt
Local 1 -0.2 0
CS pnt
Local 0 -0.2 0
CS pnt
Local 1 -0.5 0
CS pnt
Local 0 -0.5 0
CS pnt
Local 1 -0.2 0
CS pnt
Local 1 -0.2 0
CS pnt
Local 0 -0.2 0
CS pnt
Local 1 -0.5 0
CS pnt
Free Free Elem
Free Free Elem
Free Free Elem
Free Free Elem
121
FiT
121
FiT
205 125
FiT
130
FiT
130
FiT
120
FiT
120
FiT
206 125
FiT
131
FiT
131
FiT
Local 0 -0.5 0
CS pnt
Local 1 -0.2 0
CS pnt
Local 1 -0.2 0
CS pnt
Local 0 -0.2 0
CS pnt
Local 1 -0.5 0
CS pnt
Local 0 -0.5 0
CS pnt
Local 1 -0.2 0
CS pnt
Local 1 -0.2 0
CS pnt
Local 0 -0.2 0
CS pnt
Local 1 -0.5 0
CS pnt
Free Free Elem
Free Free Elem
Free Free Elem
Free Free Elem
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
FiT
Tendon Jacking
8-7
132
FiT
119
FiT
207 125
FiT
132
FiT
Local 0 -0.5 0
CS pnt
Local 1 -0.2 0
CS pnt
Local 1 -0.2 0
CS pnt
Local 0 -0.2 0
CS pnt
Local 1 -0.5 0
CS pnt
Free Free Elem
Free Free Elem
301 101 FiB Local 0 2.0 0

CS pnt
106 FiB Local 0 0.4 0

CS pnt
108 FiB Local 0 0.2 0

CS pnt
108 FiB Local 1 0.2 0

CS pnt
101 FiB Local 0 2.3 0

CS pnt
302 106 FiB Local 0 0.7 0

CS pnt
106 FiB Local 1 0.5 1

CS pnt
Free Free Elem
Free Free Elem
Free Free Elem
Free Free Elem
Free Free Elem
Free Free Elem
Free Free Elem
107 FiB Local 0 0.5 0

CS pnt
108 FiB Local 1 0.4 0

CS pnt
111 FiB Local 0 1.2 0

CS pnt
114 FiB Local 0 0.2 0

CS pnt
401 118 FiB Local 0.5 0.2 0

CS pnt
123 FiB Local 0 0.2 0

CS pnt
126 FiB Local 0 1.2 0

CS pnt
128 FiB Local 0 0.4 0

CS pnt
129 FiB Local 1 0.5 0

CS pnt
Free Free Elem
Free Free Elem
Free Free Elem
Free Free Elem
Free Free Elem
Free Free Elem
Free Free Elem
Free Free Elem
Free Free Elem
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
TdNum Ref. Elem. CS pnt Global/Local X/L eY [m] eZ [m] Rel. to Alfa1 Value Alfa2 Value Rel. to Straight part Extern 113 FiB Local 0 0.6 0
CS pnt
Tendon Jacking
8-8
501 123 FiB Local 1 0.6 0
CS pnt
402 115 FiB Local 0.5 0.5 0

CS pnt
128 FiB Local 0 0.2 0

CS pnt
128 FiB Local 1 0.2 0

CS pnt
130 FiB Local 1 0.4 0

CS pnt
135 FiB Local 1 2.0 0

CS pnt
Free Free Elem
Free Free Elem
Free Free Elem
Free Free Elem
Free Free Elem
Free Free Elem
Free Free Elem
130 FiB Local 0 0.5 0

CS pnt
502 130 FiB Local 1 0.7 0

CS pnt
135 FiB Local 1 2.3 0

CS pnt
Free Free Elem
Free Free Elem
Free Free Elem
The definition of the cable geometry is now complete.
Close the geometry window by selecting <X> .
The tendon definitions are now complete and will be displayed in the main graphic screen after calling redraw (free hand symbol <Ctrl>+ o).
Use the freehand V symbol to view the tendon profile (drawn directly on the screen using the left mouse button whilst simultaneously holding the <Ctrl> key on the keyboard down).
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
Tendon Jacking
8.4 Definition of the Tendon Stressing Schedule

All the tendon stressing actions are defined in the construction schedule. Select CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE STAGE ACTIONS AND ACTIVATION to start the stage definitions. Select <Tendon> (lower left side) to input the tendon actions.
CONSTR.SCHED Input the Tendon Schedule STAGE ACTIONS TENDON Top table STRESS/RELAX/WEDGE Type Tendon Factor / Wedge [m] Stress label PRER FACT. 101 1.08 STG1 WEDR 101 0.006 STG1 PRER FACT. 201 1.08 STG1 WEDR 201 0.006 STG1
STRESS/RELAX/WEDGE Type Tendon Factor / Wedge [m] Stress label
PREL FACT. 102 1.08 STG2
WEDL 102 0.006 STG2
PRER FACT. 202 1.08 STG2
WEDR 202 0.006 STG2
WEDR 103 0.006 STG3
WEDL 203 0.006 STG2
WEDL 104 0.006 STG4
WEDR 204 0.006 STG4
WEDR 105 0.006 STG5
WEDL 205 0.006 STG5
WEDR 106 0.006 STG6
WEDL 106 0.006 STG6
WEDR 206 0.006 STG6
WEDL 206 0.006 STG6
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
STRESS/RELAX/WEDGE Type Tendon Factor / Wedge [m] Stress label PRER FACT. 107 1.08 STG7 WEDR 107 0.006 STG7 PREL FACT. 107 1.08 STG7 WEDL 107 0.006 STG7 PRER FACT. 207 1.08 STG7
Tendon Jacking
WEDR 207 0.006 STG7
WEDL 207 0.006 STG7
WEDL 301 0.006 STG8
WEDL 302 0.006 STG8
WEDL 401 0.006 STG9
WEDL 402 0.006 STG9
WEDR 501 0.006 STG8
WEDR 502 0.006 STG8
The tendon geometry definition and the tendon schedule are now complete.
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
Loads
9 Loads
Every load is defined separately. Several loads can be combined into one LOAD SET. Several LOAD SETS can be combined to form one LOAD CASE. The results from LOAD CASES can be combined in many ways to form envelopes. Result envelopes can be combined with other result envelopes to form an envelope of the envelope. All the loading cases can be individually factored before being combined into an envelope. All the envelopes can be individually factored before being combined into another envelope. The results from an individual loading case can be added to another loading case or added/combined into an envelope.
9.1 Defining Loads

Several loads can be combined into one LOAD SET.

Select CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE LOAD DEFINITION to start the loading definition. Select <LSet> to open the load definition input window.
9.1.1 Definition of Load Sets for Self Weight

CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE
Loading Name LCnr.
Insert Load Set LOAD DEFINIT. LSET Top table
Add to load case SW-1 SW-1
Loading Name LCnr.
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
CONSTR. SCHED.
Loads
9-2
Name Loading LOAD DEFINIT. LSET Bottom table Type From To Step Rx Ry Rz Gam [kN/m3] Position Uniform load Self weight load&mass 110 111 1 0 -1 0 24.3 Real langth SW-1 Uniform Uniform load load Self weight Self weight load&mass load&mass 125 1201 126 1204 1 1 0 0 -1 -1 0 0 24.3 Real langth 23.5 Real langth Uniform load Self weight load&mass 1301 1304 1 0 -1 0 23.5 Real langth
Define Load Sets for the Self Weight
Name Loading Type From To Step Rx Ry Rz Gam [kN/m3] Position
SW-2 SW-3 SW-4 SW-5 Uniform Uniform Uniform Uniform Uniform Uniform Uniform Uniform load load load load load load load load Self weight Self weight Self weight Self weight Self weight Self weight Self weight Self weight load&mass load&mass load&mass load&mass load&mass load&mass load&mass load&mass 109 124 108 123 107 122 106 121 112 127 113 128 114 129 115 130 3 3 5 5 7 7 9 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 24.3 Real langth 24.3 Real langth 24.3 Real langth 24.3 Real langth 24.3 Real langth 24.3 Real langth 24.3 Real langth 24.3 Real langth
Name Loading Type From To Step Rx Ry Rz Gam [kN/m3] Position
SW-6 SW-7 SW-8 SW-9 Uniform Uniform Uniform Uniform Uniform Uniform Uniform load load load load load load load Self weight Self weight Self weight Self weight Self weight Self weight Self weight load&mass load&mass load&mass load&mass load&mass load&mass load&mass 105 120 104 119 101 133 118 116 131 117 132 103 135 118 11 11 13 13 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 24.3 Real langth 24.3 Real langth 24.3 Real langth 24.3 Real langth 24.3 Real langth 24.3 Real langth 24.3 Real langth
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
Add to load case TR-1 TR-1 Add to load case TR-2 TR-2 Add to load case TR-3 TR-3
Loads
9.1.2 Definition of Load Sets for the Traveller

CONSTR. SCHED.
Loading Name LCnr.
Add to load case TR-4 TR-4
Loading Name LCnr.
CONSTR. SCHED.
Name Loading Concentrated load Single node load 110 110 1 0 -650 0 0 0 -100
Define Load Sets for the Traveller LOAD DEFINIT. LSET Bottom table
Type From To Step Fx [kN] Fy [kN] Fz [kN] Mx[kNm] My[kNm] Mz[kNm]
TR-1 Concen Concentrated load trated load Single node Single node load load 112 125 112 125 1 1 0 0 -650 -650 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 -100
Concentrated load Single node load 127 127 1 0 -650 0 0 0 100
Name Loading Type From To Step Fx [kN] Fy [kN] Fz [kN] Mx[kNm] My[kNm] Mz[kNm] Concentrated load Single node load 109 109 1 0 -650 0 0 0 -100
TR-2 Concen- Concentrated load trated load Single node Single node load load 113 124 113 124 1 1 0 0 -650 -650 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 -100
Concentrated load Single node load 108 108 1 0 -650 0 0 0 -100
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
Name Loading Type From To Step Fx [kN] Fy [kN] Fz [kN] Mx[kNm ] My[kNm ] Mz[kNm] Concentrated load Single node load 107 107 1 0 -650 0 0 0 -100 TR-4 Concen- Concentrated load trated load Single node Single node load load 115 122 115 122 1 1 0 0 -650 -650 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 -100
Loads
9-4
Concentrated load Single node load 130 130 1 0 -650 0 0 0 100 Concentrated load Single node load 106 106 1 0 -650 0 0 0 -100 TR-5 Concen- Concentrated load trated load Single node Single node load load 116 121 116 121 1 1 0 0 -650 -650 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 -100 Concentrated load Single node load 131 131 1 0 -650 0 0 0 100
Name Loading Type From To Step Fx [kN] Fy [kN] Fz [kN] Mx[kNm ] My[kNm ] Mz[kNm] Concentrated load Single node load 105 105 1 0 -650 0 0 0 -100
TR-8 Concen- Concentrated load trated load Single node Single node load load 118 119 118 119 1 1 0 0 -325 -325 0 0 0 0 -50 0 0 50
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
Loads
9.1.3 Definition of Load Sets for the Dead Loads

Name Loading Type From To Step Qx [kN/m] Qy [kN/m] Qz [kN/m] Direction Load application Definition SDL Uniform load Uniform concentric element load 101 135 1 0 -18 0 Global Real length Load/Unit length Name Loading Type From To Step Qx [kN/m] Qy [kN/m] Qz [kN/m] Direction Eccentricity Ey [m] Ez [m] Load application Definition Uniform load Uniform eccentric element load 101 135 1 0 -6.1 0 Global Local+Y Elem-Ecc 0 +6.3 Real length Load/Unit length SDL Uniform load Uniform eccentric element load 101 135 1 0 -6.1 0 Global Local+Y Elem-Ecc 0 -6.3 Real length Load/Unit length
9.1.4 Definition of Load Sets for the Wet Concrete

CONSTR.SCHED.
Loading Name LCnr.
Add to load case WC-1 WC-1
Loading Name LCnr.
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
CONSTR.SCHED.
Loads
9-6
Name Loading LOAD DEFINIT. LSET Bottom table Type From To Step Nod Gam [kN/m3] Ecc2 [m] Ex [m] Ey [m] Ez [m] Concentrated load
Single el. load as nodal load
Define Load Sets for the Wet Concrete
WC-1 Concen Concentrated load trated load

Single el. load as nodal load Single el. load as nodal load
Concentrated load
109 109 1 110 25.3 0 -3 0 0
112 112 1 112 25.3 0 3 0 0
124 124 1 125 25.3 0 -3 0 0
127 127 1 127 25.3 0 3 0 0
Name Loading Type From To Step Nod Gam [kN/m3] Ecc2 [m] Ex [m] Ey [m] Ez [m] Concentrated load
WC-2 Concen- Concentrated load trated load

Concentrated load
Concentrated load

Concentrated load
108 108 1 109 25.3 0 -3 0 0
113 113 1 113 25.3 0 3 0 0
123 123 1 124 25.3 0 -3 0 0
128 128 1 128 25.3 0 3 0 0
107 107 1 108 25.3 0 -3 0 0
114 114 1 114 25.3 0 3 0 0
122 122 1 123 25.3 0 -3 0 0
129 129 1 129 25.3 0 3 0 0

Concentrated load
Concentrated load

Concentrated load
106 106 1 107 25.3 0 -3 0 0
115 115 1 115 25.3 0 3 0 0
121 121 1 122 25.3 0 -3 0 0
130 130 1 130 25.3 0 3 0 0
105 105 1 106 25.3 0 -3 0 0
116 116 1 116 25.3 0 3 0 0
120 120 1 121 25.3 0 -3 0 0
131 131 1 131 25.3 0 3 0 0
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
Loads
9-7
Concentrated load

104 104 1 105 25.3 0 -3 0 0
117 117 1 117 25.3 0 3 0 0
119 119 1 120 25.3 0 -3 0 0
132 132 1 132 25.3 0 3 0 0
9.1.5 Definition of Load Sets for the Tendon Jacking

CONSTR.SCHED.
Loading Name LCnr.
Add to load case PT-1 PT-1
Loading Name LCnr.
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
CONSTR.SCHED.
Loads
9-8
Name Loading Type From To Step Type PT-1
Stressing Tendon stressing Stressing Tendon stressing Stressing Tendon stressing
PT-2
Stressing Tendon stressing
Define Load Sets for the Tendons LOAD DEFINIT. LSET Bottom table Name Loading Type From To Step Type PT-3 Tension- Tensioning ing Tendon Tendon stressing stressing 103 203 103 203 1 1 Incre Increment Force ment Force
101 101 1
Increment Force
201 201 1
Increment Force
102 102 1
Increment Force
202 202 1
Increment Force
PT-4 Tension- Tensioning ing Tendon Tendon stressing stressing 104 204 104 204 1 1 Incre Increment Force ment Force
Name Loading Type From To Step Type
PT-7
Stressing Tendon stressing Stressing Tendon stressing Stressing
PT-8
Stressing Tendon stressing Tendon stressing
PT-9
Stressing Tendon stressing
107 107 1
Increment Force
207 207 1
Increment Force
301 302 1
Increment Force
501 502 1
Increment Force
401 402 1
Increment Force
9.1.6 Definition of Load Cases for Creeping and Shrinkage

CONSTR.SCHED.
Insert Load Case LOAD DEFINIT. LCASE Top table
Name Type Load Info
CS-1
Perm
CS-2
Perm
CS-3
Perm
CS-4
Perm
CS-5
Perm
CS-6
Perm
CS-7
Perm
Name Type Load Info
CS-8
Perm
CS-9
Perm
CS-SUM
Perm
It is not necessary to define Load sets for creep and shrinkage!
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
Loads
9.1.7 Additional Assignment of Load Set to Load Case The assignment of Load set 101-107, 201-206 and 301-306 is already done, because you used the function Add to load case when you defined the Load set. Now we add additional Load sets into the Load cases, to define special load situations during the construction stages. The following table describes the removement of the wet concrete and the addition of the self weight of the prestressed concrete in one single load case. E.g. Load case 102 is defined by the Load sets 102 and 301, but load case 301 use the Constant factor 1 (remove load).
CONSTR.SCHED.
Name Loading
SW-1
Load set input
SW-2
Load set input Load set input
SW-3
SW-4
Input Load Sets LOAD DEFINIT. LCASE Bottom table
Loadset Const-Fac. Var-Fac.
SW-1 1 -
SW-2 1 -
WC-1 -1 -
SW-3 1 -
WC-2 -1 -
SW-4 1 -
WC-3 -1 -
Name Loading Loadset Const-Fac. Var-Fac.
SW-5
SW-6
SW-7
SW-8
Load set input
SW-9
Load set input
SW-5 WC-4 SW-6 WC-5 SW-1 WC-6 SW-8 1 -1 1 -1 1 -1 1 -
SW-9 1 -
The following table describes the move of the traveller during the construction stages. E.g. Load case 201 is defined by the load sets 201 and 202, but load case 201 use the Const-Fac. 1 (remove load).
CONSTR.SCHED.
Input Load Sets LOAD DEFINIT. LCASE Bottom table
Name Loadset Const-Fac. Var-Fac.
TR-1 TR-1 1 -
TR-2 TR-2 TR-1 1 -1 -
TR-3 TR-3 TR-2 1 -1 -
TR-4 TR-4 TR-3 1 -1 -
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
Name Loadset Const-Fac. Var-Fac. TR-5 TR-5 TR-4 1 -1 TR-6 TR-6 TR-5 1 -1 TR-8 TR-8 TR-6 1 -1 TR-9 TR-8 -1 -
Loads
9.2 Load Manager

The following actions can be made with LMANAGE: An individual loading case can be defined so that its results are automatically added to 1,2 or 3 other loading case numbers after calculation. An individual loading case can be defined so that its results are automatically combined into 1,2 or 3 envelopes after calculation. The loading cases and envelopes that are being added or combined into, must have been defined prior to this Info action. Loading cases and envelopes are set up (initialised) using the Lcinit function.
Notice: All the actions on loading cases and envelopes are started from CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE STAGE ACTION AND ACTIVATION.
Open the load input with CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE LOAD DEFINITION. Select <LManage> The displayed window has two tables the upper table contains a list of load information and the lower table lists the loads or envelop results that have been assigned to the selected load info.

Click the Append button above the top table to open the load info input window. Insert the values by using the following table.
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
CONSTR.SCHED.
Loads
Input for the Load Manager LOAD DEFINIT.
Load Manager Load case I State Load case II
SW SWSUM Total STGSUM Total -
TR TRSUM Total STGSUM Total -
SDL SDLSUM Total STGSUM Total -
WC WCSUM Total STGSUM Total -
PT PTSUM Total STGSUM Total -
CS CSSUM Total STGSUM Total -
LMANAGE Top table
State Load case III State Envelope I Comb I Envelope II Comb II Envelope III Comb III
All loads assigned to this Load Info are automatically added. The assignment of loads to Load Infos are defined during load definition in <LCASE>.

Select <LCASE> to open the load case input window. Select the load case SW-1 in the top table. Select the Edit button. Choose the Load Info window arrow to display the load info selection window. Select SW. Repeat this procedure to define the SW, TR, SDL, WC, PT, and CS for the other load cases by using the table below.
CONSTR.SCHED.
Input for the Load Manager
LOAD DEFINIT. LCASE Top table
Name Type Load info
SW-1
SW-2
SW-3
SW-4
SW-5
SW-6
SW-7
SW-8
SW-9
Perm
Perm
Perm
Perm
Perm
Perm
Perm
Perm
Perm
SW
SW
SW
SW
SW
SW
SW
SW
SW
Name Type Load info
TR-1
TR-2
TR-3
TR-4
TR-5
TR-6
TR-8
SDL
WC-1
WC-2
WC-3
WC-4
WC-5
WC-6
PT-1
PT-2
PT-3
Perm
Perm
Perm
Perm
Perm
Perm
Perm
Perm
Perm
Perm
Perm
Perm
Perm
Perm
Perm
Perm
Perm
TR
TR
TR
TR
TR
TR
TR
SDL
WC
WC
WC
WC
WC
WC
PT
PT
PT
Name Type Load info
PT-4
PT-5
PT-6
PT-7
PT-8
PT-9
CS-1
CS-2
CS-3
CS-4
CS-5
CS-6
CS-7
CS-8
CS-9
Perm
Perm
Perm
Perm
Perm
Perm
Perm
Perm
Perm
Perm
Perm
Perm
Perm
Perm
Perm
PT
PT
PT
PT
PT
PT
CS
CS
CS
CS
CS
CS
CS
CS
CS
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
Loads
The final creep loading case CS-SUM should not be added to the general loading case CS as it is necessary to have the final creep and shrinkage effects separate. So it is possible that the structure can be checked after construction (before final creep and shrinkage) with live loading and other loading combinations and at the time infinity with live loading and other combinations.
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
Construction Stages
10 Construction Stages
10.1 Stage 1
10.1.1 Element Activation Open the CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE STAGE ACTIONS AND ACTIVATION. Select <Activation>.

The entire Activation plan for the bridge construction is summarised in this window. The upper table displays a list of all the construction/activation stages. The lower table lists all the elements that are activated in the selected construction stage. Construction stages have a begin time and a duration.
Select the upper Append button to open the input window for the construction stage definition. Input STG-1 as name and Construction stage 1 as description. Confirm with <OK> . Select <Activation>. Select the lower Append button to open the input window for element activation/deactivation. Activate elements for Construction stage 1 by using the following table.
CONSTR.SCHED.
Input Active Elements to Stage 1 STAGE ACTIVATION Bottom table
Activ Deact From To step Age ts
110 111 1 7 0
125 126 1 7 0
1200 1200 1 0 0
1201 1204 1 30 0
1300 1300 1 0 0
1301 1304 1 30 0
10.1.2 Calculation (Static) Open the construction actions input window by selecting <Action>.
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
Construction Stages
The upper table contains a list of the defined construction stages. The lower table contains a list of the actions assigned to the selected construction stage.
Select the (lower) Append button to add an action and insert the actions shown in the table below.
CONSTR.SCHED.
Input the Calculation for the Construction Stage 1
Action Type Inp1 Inp2 Inp3 Out1 Out2 Delta-T
Load case
action
Load case
action
Load case
action
Load case
action
Load case
action
STAGE ACTION Bottom table
LcInit SW-SUM -
LcInit TR-SUM -
LcInit WC-SUM -
LcInit SDL-SUM -
LcInit PT-SUM -
Load case
action
Load case
action
Calculation
(Static)
Calculation
(Static)
Calculation
(Static)
Calculation
(Static)
Calculation
(Static)
Calculation
(Static)
Calculation
(Static)
LcInit CS-SUM -
LcInit STG-SUM -
Calc SW-1 * 0
Stress STG-1 * 0
Calc PT-1 * 0
GROUT
101,201,100
Calc TR-1 * 0
Calc WC-1 * 0
Creep 1 CS-1 * 14
Load case action LcInit STG-SUM STG1-SUM -
List/plot action DoPlot PlotSet1:plstruct * -
Note:
If the sequence of actions becomes scrambled, use the copy button to copy the actions in the correct order to the end of the list and then delete the scrambled action sequence.
10.2 Stage 2

Select the upper Append button to open the input window for the construction stage definition. Input STG-2 as name and Construction stage 2 as description. Confirm with <OK> .
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge

Construction Stages
Select <Activation>. Select the lower Append button to open the input window for element activation/deactivation. Activate and calculate elements for Construction stage 2 by using the following tables.
10.2.1 Element Activation

CONSTR.SCHED.
109 112 3 7 0
124 127 3 7 0
10.2.2 Calculation (Static)

Input the Calculation for the Stage 2
CONSTR.SCHED.
Calculation
(Static)
Calculation
(Static)
Calculation
(Static)
Calculation
(Static)
Calc SW-2 * 0
Stress STG7 * 0
Calc PT-2 * 0
GROUT
102,202,100
Action Typ Inp1 Inp2 Inp3 Out1 Out2 Delta-T
Calculation
(Static)
Calculation
(Static)
Calculation
(Static)
Load case
action
Calc TR-2 * 0
Calc WC-2 * 0
Creep 1 CS-2 * 14
LcInit STG-SUM STG7-SUM -
10.3 Stage 3

Select the upper Append button to open the input window for the construction stage definition. Input STG-3 as name and Construction stage 3 as description. Confirm with <OK> . Select <Activation>.
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
Construction Stages
Select the lower Append button to open the input window for element activation/deactivation. Activate and calculate elements for Construction stage 3 by using the following tables.

CONSTR.SCHED.
Input Active Elements to Stage 3
STAGE ACTIVATION Bottom table
108 113 5 7 0
123 128 5 7 0

CONSTR.SCHED.
Calculation Calculation Calculation Calculation

(Static) (Static) (Static) (Static)
Calc SW-3 * 0
Stress STG3 * 0 List/plot action DoPlot PlotSet1:plstruct * -
Calc PT-3 * 0
GROUT
103,203,100
Calculation
(Static)
Calculation
(Static)
Calculation
(Static)
Load case
action
Calc TR-3 * 0
Calc WC-3 * 0
Creep 1 CS-3 * 14
10.4 Stage 4

Select the upper Append button to open the input window for the construction stage definition. Input STG-4 as name and Construction stage 4 as description. Confirm with <OK> . Select <Activation>. Select the lower Append button to open the input window for element activation/deactivation.
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
Construction Stages
Activate and calculate elements for Construction stage 4 by using the following tables.

CONSTR.SCHED.
Input Active Elements to Stage 4
STAGE ACTIVATION Bottom table
107 114 7 7 0
122 129 7 7 0

CONSTR.SCHED.

Calc SW-4 * 0
Stress STG4 * 0
Calc PT-4 * 0
GROUT
104,204,100
Calculation
(Static)
Calculation
(Static)
Calculation
(Static)
Load case
action
Calc TR-4 * 0
Calc WC-4 * 0
Creep 1 CS-4 * 14
10.5 Stage 5

Select the upper Append button to open the input window for the construction stage definition. Input STG-5 as name and Construction stage 5 as description. Confirm with <OK> . Select <Activation>. Select the lower Append button to open the input window for element activation/deactivation. Activate and calculate elements for Construction stage 5 by using the following tables.
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 10-6 10.5.1 Element Activation
CONSTR.SCHED.
Construction Stages
106 115 9 7 0
121 130 9 7 0

CONSTR.SCHED.
Action Type Inp1 Inp2 Out1 Out2 Delta-T
Calculation Calculation Calculation

(Static) (Static) (Static)
Calculation
(Static)
Calc SW-5 * 0
Stress STG5 * 0
Calc PT-5 * 0
GROUT 105,205,100 0
Calculation
(Static)
Calculation
(Static)
Calculation
(Static)
Load case
action
Calc TR-5 * 0
Calc WC-5 * 0
Creep 1 CS-5 * 14
10.6 Stage 6

Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
CONSTR.SCHED.
Construction Stages
105 116 11 7 0
120 131 11 7 0

CONSTR.SCHED.
Calculation Calculation Calculation

(Static) (Static) (Static)
Calculation
(Static)
Calc SW-6 * 0
Stress STG6 * 0
Calc PT-6 * 0
GROUT 106,206,100 0
Calculation
(Static)
Calculation
(Static)
Calculation
(Static)
Load case
action
Calc TR-6 * 0
Calc WC-6 * 0
Creep 1 CS-6 * 14
10.7 Stage 7

Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
CONSTR.SCHED.
Construction Stages
104 117 13 7 0
119 132 13 7 0

CONSTR.SCHED.
Calculation Calculation
(Static) (Static)
Calculation
(Static)
Calculation
(Static)
Calc SW-7 * 0
Stress STG7 * 0
Calc PT-7 * 0
GROUT 107,207,100 0
Calculation
(Static)
Load case
action
Creep 1 CS-7 * 14
10.8 Stage 8

Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
CONSTR.SCHED.
Construction Stages
101 103 1 7 0
133 135 1 7 0
1100 1103 1 0 0
1400 1403 1 0 0

CONSTR.SCHED.
Calculation
(Static)
Calculation
(Static)
Calculation
(Static)
Calculation
(Static)
Calc SW-8 * 0
Stress STG8 * 0
Calc PT-8 * 0
GROUT 301,302,1 0
Calculation
(Static)
Calculation
(Static)
Calculation
(Static)
Calculation
(Static)
Calculation
(Static)
GROUT 501,502,1 0
Calc TR-8 * 0
TStop 119,135,1 1 CS-8 * 112
TStop 1301,1304,1 1 CS-8 * 112
Creep 1 CS-8 * 126
10.9 Stage 9

Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
CONSTR.SCHED.
Construction Stages
118 118 1 7 0

CONSTR.SCHED.

Calc SW-9 * 0
Calc TR-9 * 0
Stress STG9 * 0
Calc PT-9 0
Load case action GROUT 109,209,100 0
Load case action Creep 1 CS-9 * 14
10.10 Final Stage

Select the upper Append button to open the input window for the construction stage definition. Input STG-END as name and Final construction stage as description. All elements are already activated! Confirm with <OK> . Select <Action>. Select the lower Append button to insert additional calculation.
10.10.1 Element Activation No additional element activation is necessary.
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 10-11 10.10.2 Calculation (Static)
Input the Calculation for the Final Stage (Stage 99)
CONSTR.SCHED.
Construction Stages
Action Type Inp1 Inp2
Calculation
(Static)
Load case
action
Load case
action
Load case
action
STAGE
Calc SDL * 0
Creep 3 CS99SUM * 10000
LcInit STG99SUM -
ACTION
Inp3 Out1
Bottom table
Out2 Delta-T
LcAddLc STG-SUM CS99SUM STG99SUM -
List/plot action DgmSet Traveller:MGTR1 * -
List/plot action DgmSet Loads:QyMG-TR * -
List/plot action DgmSet Loads:QyMG-WC * -
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
Camber
11 Camber

Open the input window with CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE STAGE ACTIONS AND ACTIVATION. Select <Action>. Select the upper Append button to open the input window for the construction stage definition. Input 100 as name and Camber as description. All elements are already activated! Confirm with <OK> .
LC/Envelo pe actions LC/Envelo pe actions LC/Envelo pe actions LC/Envelo pe actions LC/Envelo pe actions LC/Envelo pe actions LC/Envelo pe actions LC/Envelo pe actions LC/Envelo pe actions LC/Envelo pe actions
Action Type Inp1 Inp2 Inp3 Out1 Out2 DeltaT
LcInit CAMB1 -
LcInit CAMB2 -
LcInit CAMB3 -
LcInit CAMB4 -
LcInit CAMB5 -
LcInit CAMB6 -
LcInit CAMB7 -
LcInit CAMB8 -
LcInit CAMB9 -
LcInit CAMB99 -
Load case action
Load case action
Load case action
Load case action
Load case action
Load case action
Load case action
Load case action
Load case action
Load case action
LcAddLc STGSUM STG1SUM 1,-1 CAMB1 -
List/Plot actions
List/Plot actions
List/Plot actions
List/Plot actions
List/Plot actions
List/Plot actions
DgmSet Camber:Vy-MGSTG-SUM
DgmSet Camber:Vy-MGCAMBER1 * -
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
List/Plot actions List/Plot actions List/Plot actions List/Plot actions
Camber
List/Plot actions
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
Additional Loads
12 Additional Loads

Select <LSET> to open the load definition input window Define following Load sets and load cases.
12.1.1 Definition of Earthquake Load Case (Static Earthquake Calculation)

CONSTR.SCHED.
Loading Name LCnr. Description
Insert Load Set LOAD DEFINIT.
Add to load case EQ-1 EQ-1 Earthquake transverse
Add to load case EQ-2 EQ-2 Earthquake longitudinal
LSET Top table
Define Load Sets for Earthquakes in Z - Direction
CONSTR.SCHED.
Name Loading Uniform load Self weight 101 135 1 0 0 1 24.3
LOAD DEFINIT. LSET Bottom table
Type From To Step Rx Ry Rz Gam [kN/m3]
EQ-1 Uniform load Self weight 1201 1204 1 0 0 1 24.3
Uniform load Self weight 1301 1304 1 0 0 1 24.3
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
Name Loading Type From To Step Qx [kN/m] Qy [kN/m] Qz [kN/m] Direction Load application Definition EQ-1 Uniform load Uniform concentric element load 101 135 1 0 0 18 Global Real length Load/Unit length Name Loading Type From To Step Qx [kN/m] Qy [kN/m] Qz [kN/m] Direction Eccentricity Ey [m] Ez [m] Load application Definition EQ-1 Uniform load Uniform eccentric element load 101 135 1 0 0 6.1 Global Local+Y Elem-Ecc 0 +6.3 Real length Load/Unit length EQ-1 Uniform load Uniform eccentric element load 101 135 1 0 0 6.1 Global Local+Y Elem-Ecc 0 -6.3 Real length Load/Unit length
Additional Loads
Define Load Sets for Earthquakes in X - Direction
CONSTR.SCHED.
Name Loading Uniform load Self weight 101 135 1 1 0 0 24.3
Type From To Step Rx Ry Rz Gam [kN/m3]
EQ-2 Uniform load Self weight 1201 124 1 1 0 0 24.3
Uniform load Self weight 1301 1304 1 1 0 0 24.3
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
Name Loading Type From To Step Qx [kN/m] Qy [kN/m] Qz [kN/m] Direction Load application Definition EQ-2 Uniform load Uniform concentric element load 101 135 1 18 0 0 Global Real length Load/Unit length Name Loading Type From To Step Qx [kN/m] Qy [kN/m] Qz [kN/m] Direction Eccentricity Ey [m] Ez [m] Load application Definition EQ-2 Uniform Uniform load load Uniform Uniform eccentric eccentric element load element load 101 101 135 135 1 1 6.1 6.1 0 0 0 0 Global Global Local+Y Local+Y Elem-Ecc Elem-Ecc 0 +6.3 Real length Load/Unit length 0 -6.3 Real length Load/Unit length
Additional Loads
The Assignment of the Load set to a Load case needs a different Constant factor for both earthquake directions (6% from the static load Const-Fac=0,06).
CONSTR.SCHED.
Input Load Case LOAD DEFINIT. LCASE Bottom table
Name Duration Type Load Manager Const-Fac. Var-Fac. Description Load Set
EQ-1 Non-permanent 0.06 Earthquake EQ-1
EQ-2 Non-permanent 0.06 Earthquake EQ-2
12.1.2 Definition of Settlement Load Case

CONSTR.SCHED.
Add to load case SE-1 SE-1 Settlement
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
CONSTR.SCHED.
Additional Loads
Name Loading
Define Load Sets for Settlements LOAD DEFINIT.
Type From To Step Vx [m] Vy [m] Vz [m] Direction Rx [Rad] Ry [m] Rz [m] Where
LSET Bottom table
SE-1 Actions on Element End Element-end displacement 1100 1100 1 0 0.01 0 Global 0 0 0 Begin
CONSTR.SCHED.
Name Duration Type
Input Load Case LOAD DEFINIT. LCASE Bottom table
Load Manager Const-Fac. Var-Fac. Description Load Set
SE-1 Nonpermanent 1 Settlement SE-1
SE -2 Nonpermanent 1 Settlement SE -2
12.1.3 Definition of Temperature Load Case

CONSTR.SCHED.
Loading Name LCnr.
Insert Load Set LOAD DEFINIT.
Add to load case T-1 T-1 Temperature uniform
Add to load case T-2 T-2 Temperature gradient - PLUS
Add to load case T-3 T-3 Temperature gradient - MINUS
LSET Top table
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
CONSTR.SCHED.
Additional Loads
Name Loading Initial stress/strain Temperature load 101 135 1 1.08e-5 15 0 0 0 0
Define Load Sets for Uniform Temperature Loads
Type From To Step Alfa DT-G [C] DT- Y [C] H-Y [m] DT- Z [C] H-Z [m]
T-1 Initial stress/strain Temperature load 1201 1204 1 1.08e-5 15 0 0 0 0
Initial stress/strain Temperature load 1301 1304 1 1.08e-5 15 0 0 0 0
The load sets for the temperature gradient Plus and Minus will automatically be calculated by using the Module TEMPVAR. 12.1.4 Definition of Wind Load Case
CONSTR.SCHED.
Add to load case WL WL Wind on live load
Add to load case WS WS Wind on structure
CONSTR.SCHED.
Define Load Sets for Winds on the Structure
Name Loading Type From To Step Qx [kN/m] Qy [kN/m] Qz [kN/m] Direction Eccentricity Ey [m] Ez [m] Load application Definition
WL Uniform load Uniform eccentric element load 101 135 1 0 0 2.394 Local Local 0 0 Real length Load mult. by CS depth Uniform load Uniform eccentric element load 101 135 1 0 0 2.155 Local Local+Y ElemEcc 0.45 0 Real length Load/Unit length
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
Name Loading Type From To Step Qx [kN/m] Qy [kN/m] Qz [kN/m] Direction Eccentricity Ey [m] Ez [m] Load application Definition WL Uniform load Uniform load Uniform eccentric Uniform eccentric element load element load 1201 1301 1204 1304 1 1 0 0 0 0 2.394 2.394 Local Local Local Local 0 0 0 0 Real length Real length Load mult. by CS Load mult. by CS depth depth
Additional Loads
CONSTR.SCHED.
Define Load Sets for Winds on Live Loads LOAD DEFINIT. LSET Bottom table
Name Loading Type From To Step Qx [kN/m] Qy [kN/m] Qz [kN/m] Direction Eccentricity Ey [m] Ez [m] Load application Definition
WS Uniform load Uniform eccentric element load 101 135 1 0 0 1.459 Local Local+Y ElemEcc 1.83 0 Real length Load/Unit length
Change to the construction stage definition. Select the upper Append button to open the input window. Input 101 as name and Additional loads as description. All elements are already activated! Confirm with <OK> .
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
CONSTR.SCHED.
Additional Loads
Calculation
(Static)
Action Type
Calculation
(Static)
Calculation
(Static)
Calculation
(Static)
Input the Calculation for Stage 101
Calc EQ-1 0
Calc EQ-2 0
Calc SE-1 0
Calc SE-2 0
STAGE ACTIONS ACTION Bottom table
Inp1 Inp2 Inp3 Out1 Out2 Delta-T
Calculation Calculation Calculation Calculation Calculation Calculation Calculation Calculation Calculation

(Static) (Static) (Static) (Static) (Static) (Static) (Static) (Static) (Static)
Calc SE-3 0
Calc SE-4 0
Calc T-1 0
TempVar TEMPPLUS T-2 0
Calc T-2 0
TempVar TEMPMINUS T-3 0
Calc T-3 0
Calc WL 0
Calc WS 0
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
Superposition
13 Superposition

Open the input window with CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE STAGE ACTIONS AND ACTIVATION. Select <Action> . Select the upper Append button to open the input window for the construction stage definition. Input 102 as name and Superposition as description. All elements are already activated! Confirm with <OK> .
CONSTR.SCHED.
Input the Calculation for Stage 102 STAGE ACTION Bottom table
LC/Envelope actions
LC/Envelope actions
LC/Envelope actions
LC/Envelope actions
SupInit Earthquake.sup
SupAndXLc
Earthquake.sup
SupOrXLc
Earthquake.sup
EQ-1 0
EQ-2 0
SupInit Settle.sup 0
LC/Envelope actions
LC/Envelope actions
LC/Envelope actions
LC/Envelope actions
LC/Envelope actions
LC/Envelope actions
LC/Envelope actions
LC/Envelope actions
SupAndLc Settle.sup SE-1 0
SupInit Temp.sup 0
SupOrLc Temp.sup T-1 0
SupOrLc Temp.sup T-2 0
SupAndLc Temp.sup T-3 0
LC/Envelope actions
LC/Envelope actions
LC/Envelope actions
LC/Envelope actions
LC/Envelope actions
List/Plot actions
List/Plot actions
List/Plot actions
List/Plot actions
SupInit WindS.sup 0
SupAndXLc WindS.sup WL 0
SupInit WindL.sup 0
SupAndXLc WindL.sup WS 0
DgmSet Loads:MyMG-EQ 0
DgmSet Loads:MzMG-SE 0
DgmSet Loads:MzMG-T 0
DgmSet Loads:MyMG-WS 0
DgmSet Loads:MyMG-WL 0
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
Traffic
14 Traffic
14.1 Traffic Definition
The traffic load definition for this simple example is in accordance with AASHTO. AASHTO - HS-25 (4 design lanes) using multiple load intensity reduction factors. Lane reduced factor: 0.75 Impact factor: I=50/(L+125) L[ft]
L[m] 60 40
L[ft] 196,850 131,234
I 0,155 0,195
I[%] 15,535 19,513
Load train 1:
177.9 kN 40000 LBS 44.5 kN 10000 LBS 4.264m 14ft 4.264-9.144m 14-30 ft 177.9 kN 40000 LBS
Load train 2 (for Moment+Shear)

For Moment 100.1 kN 22500 LBS For Shear 144.6 kN 32500 LBS 11.7 kN/m 800 LBS/ft
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
Traffic
The results from the traffic loading analysis must be compared and combined in order to achieve the most critical result. The results from the two different load trains (train 1 & 2) acting on each individual lane are first compared (SUPOR) and the most critical of the results are stored in AASHTO1.SUP for lane 1, AASHTO2.SUP for lane 2, AASHTO3.SUP for lane 3, and AASHTO4.SUP for lane 4. Several different lane loading combinations (live075.sup, live095L.sup, live095R.sup, live100L.sup, live100M.sup, live100R.sup) together with their Presence factors are then created and compared to get the most critical traffic loading file Live.sup.
SupAnd, F
AASHTO1.sup, 0.75 AASHTO2.sup, 0.75 AASHTO3.sup, 0.75 AASHTO4.sup, 0.75
Superposition
SupAndSup
File
live075.sup
Superposition
SupAndSup
File Live.sup
SupAnd, F
AASHTO1.sup, 0.95 AASHTO2.sup, 0.95 AASHTO3.sup, 0.95
Superposition
SupAndSup
File
live095L.sup
Superposition
SupOrSup
SupAnd, F
AASHTO2.sup, 0.95 AASHTO3.sup, 0.95 AASHTO4.sup, 0.95
Superposition
SupAndSup
File
live095R.sup
Superposition
SupOrSup
SupAnd, F
AASHTO1.sup, 1.0 AASHTO2.sup, 1.0
Superposition
SupAndSup
File
live100L.sup
Superposition
SupOrSup
SupAnd, F
Superposition
SupAndSup
File
live100M.sup
Superposition
SupOrSup
SupAnd, F
Superposition
SupAndSup
File
live100R.sup
Superposition
SupOrSup
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
Lane 1 2 3 4 Load-Train 1 LTrain11.sup LTrain21.sup LTrain31.sup LTrain41.sup Load-Train 2 LTrain12.sup LTrain22.sup LTrain32.sup LTrain42.sup (LT1 or LT2) AASHTO1.sup AASHTO2.sup AASHTO3.sup AASHTO4.sup
Traffic
File
live075.sup
SupAndSup, F
AASHTO1.sup, 0.75
SupAndSup, F
AASHTO2.sup, 0.75
SupAndSup, F
AASHTO3.sup, 0.75
SupAndSup, F
AASHTO4.sup, 0.75
Lane1
Lane2
Lane3
Lane4
Load Reduced Factor=0.75
Y
Z
1.524m 4.572m
-1.524m -4.572
File
live095L.sup
SupAnd, F
AASHTO1.sup, 0.95
SupAnd, F
AASHTO2.sup, 0.95
SupAnd, F
AASHTO3.sup, 0.95
SupAnd, F
-
Lane1
Lane2
Lane3
Load Reduced Factor=0,95
Y Z
1.524m 4.572m
-1.524m
File
live095R.sup
SupAnd, F
-
SupAnd, F
AASHTO2.sup, 0.95
SupAnd, F
AASHTO3.sup, 0.95
SupAnd, F
AASHTO4.sup, 0.95
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
Lane2 Lane3 Lane4
Traffic
1.524m
-1.524m -4.572
Y Z
File
live100L.sup
SupAnd, F
AASHTO1.sup, 1.0
SupAnd, F
AASHTO2.sup, 1.0
SupAnd, F
-
SupAnd, F
-
Lane1
Lane2
Y Z
4.572m
1.524m
File
live100M.sup
SupAnd, F
-
SupAnd, F
AASHTO2.sup, 1.0
SupAnd, F
AASHTO3.sup, 1.0
SupAnd, F
-
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
Traffic
Lane2
Lane3
Y Z
1.524m
-1.524m
File
live100R.sup
SupAnd, F
-
SupAnd, F
-
SupAnd, F
AASHTO3.sup, 1.0
SupAnd, F
AASHTO4.sup, 1.0
Lane3
Lane4
Y Z
-1.524m -4.572
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
Traffic
14.2 Traffic Lanes
Select <Lane> (lower left function list) to open the lane input window.
The upper table in this window lists all the defined traffic lanes, the lower table lists the properties of the selected lane (point on the lane for evaluation).
Select the upper Append button to open the input window for lane definition.
CONSTR.SCHED.
Input the Lanes LOAD DEFINIT. LANE Top table
Name Location Output-File Info-File Description
1 Lane 1
2 Lane 2
3 Lane 3
4 Lane 4
Select the lower Append button to open the input window for the lane properties definition.
CONSTR.SCHED.
Input the Lane Properties LOAD DEFINIT. LANE Bottom table
Lane Macro Eccentricity El-from El-to El-step ey [m] ez [m] Phi Ndiv
Macro2 Ygl 101 110 1 0 4.572 1.195 1
1 Macro2 Ygl 111 125 1 0 4.572 1.155 1
Macro2 Ygl 126 135 1 0 4.572 1.195 1
Macro2 Ygl 101 110 1 0 1.542 1.195 1
2 Macro2 Ygl 111 125 1 0 1.542 1.155 1
Macro2 Ygl 126 135 1 0 1.542 1.195 1
Lane Macro Eccentricity El-from El-to El-step ey [m] ez [m] Phi Ndiv
Macro2 Ygl 101 110 1 0 -1.542 1.195 1
3 Macro2 Ygl 111 125 1 0 -1.542 1.155 1
Macro2 Ygl 126 135 1 0 -1.542 1.195 1
Macro2 Ygl 101 110 1 0 -4.572 1.195 1
4 Macro2 Ygl 111 125 1 0 -4.572 1.155 1
Macro2 Ygl 126 135 1 0 -4.572 1.195 1
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
Traffic
The defined lanes will be displayed in the lane window tables. The lanes with lane numbers are displayed in the upper table and the points of the lane are displayed in the lower table.

The lane definition is complete.
14.3 Traffic Loads

Define the traffic loads on the lane. Select <LTRAIN> to open the input window for traffic loads. All traffic load definitions are listed in the upper table. The load properties of the selected traffic load are shown in the lower table. Select the upper Append button to open the input window for load train definition.
CONSTR.SCHED.
Input the Load Trains LOAD DEFINIT.
Name Fact-min Fact-max Location Description
1 1 1 AASHTO - H25 -44 TRUCK LOAD
LTRAIN
2 1 1 AASHTO - SINGLE AND LANE LOADS (Moment+Shear)
Top table
Select the lower Append button to open the input window for the lane properties definition.
CONSTR.SCHED.
Input the Load Train Properties LOAD DEFINIT. LANE Bottom table
LTrain q [kN/m] F [kN] AASHTO Free length Dmin [m] Dmax [m] Dstep [m]
0 -177.9 4.264 9.144 9.144
1 0 -177.9 4.264 4.264 4.264
0 -44.5 0 0 0
CONSTR.SCHED.
Input the Load Train Properties LOAD DEFINIT. LANE Bottom table
LTrain q [kN/m] F [kN] AASHTO Free length Dmin [m] Dmax [m] Dstep [m]
-11.7 0 0 0 0
2 -11.7 -100.1 0 0 0
-11.7 0 0 0 0
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
Traffic
The load train 2 is defined for maximum Moment. In order to use the same load train for maximum Shear, you have to multiply the particular influence line for Qy.

Select <LTRAIN> to open the input window for traffic loads. Mark the second line in the upper table. Select the top Information button to open the input window for the Load train. Change Fac8 (Qy) to 1.4444. Confirm with <OK>.
The live load definition is now complete.
14.4 Traffic Calculation

Select <Stage> <Act>.

Select the upper Append button to open the input window for the construction stage definition. Input 103 as number and Traffic as description. All elements are already activated! Confirm with <OK>. Select <Action>.
The results of the live load traffic calculation will be stored in a superposition file. The superposition file must be initialised (set to zero) before starting the calculation!
CONSTR.SCHED.
Action Type Inp1 Inp2 Inp3 Out1
Input the Calculation for the Traffic STAGE ACTION
LC/Envelope action
LC/Envelope action
LC/Envelope action
LC/Envelope action
Bottom table
Out2 Delta-T
SupInit VLL-L1T1.sup * 0
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
LC/Envelope action LC/Envelope action LC/Envelope action
Traffic
LC/Envelope action
The live load analysis is done with influence lines:

CONSTR.SCHED.
Input the Calculation for the Traffic STAGE ACTION Bottom table
Calculation (Static) Infl 1 * 0
Calculate the traffic loading results:

CONSTR.SCHED.
Action Type Inp1 Inp2 Inp3 Out1
Input the Calculation for the Traffic STAGE ACTION
Bottom table
Out2 Delta-T
Calculation (Static) LiveL 1 1 VLL-L1T1.sup * 0
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
Action Type Inp1 Inp2 Inp3 Out1 Out2 Delta-T Calculation (Static) LiveL 1 2 VLL-L1T2.sup * 0 Calculation (Static) LiveL 2 2 VLL-L2T2.sup * 0 Calculation (Static) LiveL 3 2 VLL-L3T2.sup * 0 Calculation (Static) LiveL 4 2 VLL-L4T2.sup * 0
Traffic
14.5 Traffic Superposition
Add following actions into stage 103.

LC/Envelope LC/Envelope LC/Envelope LC/Envelope action action action action SupOrSup SupOrSup SupOrSup SupOrSup VLL-L1-T1.sup VLL-L2-T1.sup VLL-L3-T1.sup VLL-L4-T1.sup VLL-L1-T2.sup VLL-L2-T2.sup VLL-L3-T2.sup VLL-L4-T2.sup AASHTO1.sup AASHTO2.sup AASHTO3.sup AASHTO4.sup * * * * 0 0 0 0
Note: Use the IMPORT/EXPORT functionality and modify TCL-Files to speed up your input procedure!
Input the Calculation for the Traffic
CONSTR.SCHED.
LC/Envelope action
LC/Envelope action
LC/Envelope action
LC/Envelope action
LC/Envelope action
LC/Envelope action
LC/Envelope action
SupInit Live075.sup
SupInit Live095L.sup
SupInit Live095R.sup
SupInit Live100L.sup
SupInit Live100M.sup
SupInit Live100R.sup
* 0
* 0
* 0
* 0
* 0
* 0
SupAndSup Live075.sup AASHTO1.sup 0.75 * 0
LC/Envelope action SupAndSup Live075.sup AASHTO2.sup 0.75 * 0
LC/Envelope action SupAndSup Live095L.sup AASHTO1.sup 0.95 * 0
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
Action Type Inp1 Inp2 Inp3 Out1 Out2 Delta-T LC/Envelope action SupAndSup Live095R.sup AASHTO2.sup 0.95 * 0 LC/Envelope action SupAndSup Live095R.sup AASHTO3.sup 0.95 * 0 LC/Envelope action SupAndSup Live095R.sup AASHTO4.sup 0.95 * 0 LC/Envelope action SupAndSup Live100L.sup AASHTO1.sup * 0 LC/Envelope action SupAndSup Live100L.sup AASHTO2.sup * 0
Traffic
LC/Envelope action SupAndSup Live100M.sup AASHTO2.sup * 0
LC/Envelope action SupAndSup Live100M.sup AASHTO3.sup * 0
LC/Envelope action SupAndSup Live100R.sup AASHTO3.sup * 0
LC/Envelope action SupAndSup Live100R.sup AASHTO4.sup * 0
LC/Envelop LC/Envelop e action e action SupInit SupAndSup Live.sup Live075.sup Live.sup * * 0 0
LC/Envelop e action SupOrSup Live.sup Live095L.sup * 0
LC/Envelop e action SupOrSup Live.sup Live095R.sup * 0
LC/Envelop e action SupOrSup Live.sup Live100L.sup * 0
LC/Envelope action SupOrSup Live.sup Live100M.sup * 0
LC/Envelope action SupOrSup Live.sup Live100R.sup * 0
List/plot action PlSys PL-Live1.rm * 0
List/plot action PlInfl Lane0001,1 110,1 * 0
List/plot action PlInfl Lane0001,1 117,1 * 0
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
Load Combinations
15 Load Combinations
Select CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE LOAD DEFINITION COMB to open the combination input screen.
24 different columns can be used. Each combination is calculated out of the sum of its column entries. Additionally its possible to change the combination type. With these two buttons you can switch between the combinations 1-12 and 13-24.
Add a combination using the Append button.

Calculation Input for the Traffic
CONSTR.SCHED.
LOAD DEFINIT. COMB Top table
LC/Envelope Comb Type Comb I Comb II Comb III Comb IV Comb V Comb VI Comb VII Comb VIII Comb IX Comb X Comb XI Comb XII
SW-SUM SupAddLc F-fav. F-unfav. 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.25 1.25 1.3 1.3
TR-SUM SupAddLc F-fav. F-unfav. 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.25 1.25 1.3 1.3
WC-SUM SupAddLc F-fav. F-unfav. 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.25 1.25 1.3 1.3
LC/Envelope Comb Type Comb I Comb II Comb III Comb IV Comb V Comb VI Comb VII Comb VIII Comb IX Comb X Comb XI Comb XII
PT-SUM SupAddLc F-fav. F-unfav. 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.25 1.25 1.3 1.3
CS-SUM SupAddLc F-fav. F-fav. 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.25 1.25 1.3 1.3
CS99-SUM SupAddLc F-fav. F-unfav.
WindS.sup SupAddLc F-unfav. F-unfav.
WindL.sup SupAddLc F-fav. F-unfav.
1 0.3 0.3
1 0.3 0.3
1 1
1 1
1.25
1.25
1.3 0.39 0.375
1.3 0.39 0.375
1.3 1.25
1.3 1.25
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
LC/Envelope Comb Type Comb I Comb II Comb III Comb IV Comb V Comb VI Comb VII Comb VIII Comb IX Comb X Comb XI Comb XII Settle.sup SupAddLc F-fav. F-unfav. 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.65 0.65 0.65 0.65 0.65 0.65 0.65 0.65 0.65 0.65 0.65 0.65 Live.sup SupAddLc F-fav. F-fav. 1 1 2 2 1 1 2.171 2.86 1.3 1.25 1 1 1 2.171 2.86 1.3 1.25 1.3 1.3 1 Earthquake.sup SupAddLc F-fav. F-unfav.
Load Combinations
Temp.sup SupAddLc F-unfav. F-unfav.
1.25
1.25
Combinations 13 till 24 are not used in this example.
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
Fibre Stress Check
16 Fibre Stress Check

16.1 Definition of the Stress Limits

Select PROPERTIES MATERIAL DATA to modify the concrete. Select the material C_45. Hit the Information button. Select the arrow on the left side of <Fibre stress check>.
16.2 Inserting the Actions into the Construction Schedule

Open the input window with CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE STAGE ACTIONS AND ACTIVATION. Select <Activation>. Select the upper Append button to open the input window for the construction stage definition. Input 104 as number and Fibre stress check as description. All elements are already activated! Confirm with <OK>.
LC/Envelope action LC/Envelope action LC/Envelope action LC/Envelope action LC/Envelope action
Input the Actions for the Fibre Stress Check
CONSTR.SCHED.
SupComb 1 Comb1.sup 0
LC/Envelope action
Check action
Check action
Check action
Check action
Check action
Check action
FibSup Comb1.sup 1 * 0
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
List/Plot actions List/Plot actions List/Plot actions List/Plot actions
Fibre Stress Check
List/Plot actions
List/Plot actions
DgmSet Stresses:Str-MGComb1 * 0
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
Ultimate Load Check
17 Ultimate Load Check
Select PROPERTIES REINGRP to modify the Material of the reinforcement groups. Mark the third line in the table. Click the Edit button. Complete the construction stage by using the following table.
CONSTR.SCHED.
Input the Actions for the Ultimate Load Check
LC/Envelope action
LC/Envelope action
LC/Envelope action
LC/Envelope action
LC/Envelope action
LC/Envelope action
LC/Envelope action
LC/Envelope action
LC/Envelope action
LC/Envelope action
LC/Envelope action
SupComb 11 Comb11.sup
SupInit Comb.sup 0
SupAddSup Comb.sup Comb7.sup * 0
SupOrSup Comb.sup Comb8.sup * 0
LC/Envelope action
LC/Envelope action
LC/Envelope action
LC/Envelope action
Check actions
Check actions
Check actions
Plot actions
Plot actions
SupOrSup
Comb.sup
SupOrSup
Comb.sup
SupInit
-
SupInit
-
ReinIni
Comb.sup,
UltSup
Comb.sup
UltChk
Comb.sup
PlUlt
101,135,1
DgmSet
ULS:ULTM z
Comb11.su Comb12.su p p * 0 * 0
UltRein.sup 0
UltMz.sup 0
Rein,
PT-SUM
UltMz,
PT-SUM
PT-SUM * * 0
* 0
UltRein.sup * 0
UltMz.sup * 0
Select <Recalc> or CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE RECALC to open the input window for global project calculation property definitions. Check Save tendon results (LC).
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO 17-2 Check Save tendon results (Env).
Ultimate Load Check
Insert the load case STG-SUM into SumLC. Recalculate the structure.
Bentley Systems
Austria
RM Bridge
Shear Capacity Check
18 Shear Capacity Check

Open the input window with CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE STAGE ACTIONS AND ACTIVATION. Select <Activation>. Select the upper Append button to open the input window for the construction stage definition. Input 106 as number and Shear capacity check as description. All elements are already activated! Confirm with <OK>.
CONSTR.SCHED. STAGE ACTION Bottom table Action Type Inp1 Inp2 Inp3 Out1 Out2 Delta-T
Check actions
Input the Actions for the Shear Check
ShearSup Comb.sup PT-SUM ShearComb.lst 0
The superposition file Comb.sup consists of all ultimate load check results. This file was created in the stage before. Additional its necessary to insert the global prestressing loading case (PT-SUM).
Bentley Systems
Austria

RM E Balanced Cantilever AASHTO

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RM E Balanced Cantilever AASHTO

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TRAINING BALANCED CANTILEVER AASHTO

RM Bridge V8i October 2010

RM Bridge Professional Engineering Software for Bridges of all Types

RM Bridge Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO I

RM Bridge Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO II

RM Bridge Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO III

RM Bridge Training Balanced Cantilever AASHTO IV

18 Shear Capacity Check ............................................................................................. 18-1

1.1 Starting the Program

1.2 What Is To Do In This Training?

2.1 Structural System

101-111-126-136 101-110,111-125,126-135 101-113, 1100-1102, 1200-1204 114-128, 1300-1304 129-135, 1400-1402

Figure 2-1: Construction Stages.

Figure 2-2: Support definition.

13,0 m 6,5 m 12,2 m 1,50m 1,50m 2,00 m 0,40m 3,00 m

0,90 m 0,25m Y Z 0,20 m 0,25m

Figure 2-3: Cross-section.

Figure 2-4:Definitions of bearings at axis 1.

AXIS 4 Node 136

Figure 2-5:Definitions of bearings at axis 4.

Figure 2-6: Pier cross-section.

Table 2-1: Spring constants.

1203 1202 1201

Figure 2-7: Substructure Axis 2 Pier 1 (Segment2).

1303 1302 1301

Figure 2-8:Substructure Axis 2 Pier 2 (Segment3).

Figure 2-9:Cable plan.

2.2 Design Criteria

2.4 Design Loadings

Load train 2 (for Moment+Shear):

Non-linear temperature gradient according to AASHTO.

2.5 Load Combinations

3584 3584 20720 20720

Load factor for settlement during construction SE = 0.5.

VII Comb VI Comb XII

2.6 Construction Schedule Time Stop

This construction schedule consists of 17 construction stages.

TIME STOP 112 Days

TEMP - PLUS F 54 19 10 0 0 5 C 30.00 10.55 5.55 0.00 0.00 2.78

4.1 Definition of Temperature Points:

T1=30.00C T2=10.55C T3=5.55C

4.2 Definition of Formulas

4.3 Updating the Segment Points

Use the <Recalculation with formula evaluation> to update the database.

Definition of the Sub-Structure

5 Definition of the Sub-Structure

Spring 1101 CP1

Spring 1100 Node 0 CP0 2,40m 2,40m

Node 1101 Spring 1102 CP2

Add Connection Points

Define the Connection Points

Definition of the Sub-Structure

Connection Insert a New Connection

Define the 1st Connection Point (LH Window)

Number the Element

Define Eccentric Connection for Spring 1101

Insert A New Connection

Definition of the Sub-Structure

Define the 2nd Connection Point

Define Eccentric Connection for Spring 1102 and 1103

Definition of the Sub-Structure

Assign Coloumn CS and Numbering

Assign the cross-section and numbering system for the Column.

Connection / Insert a New Connection

Wobble only occurs with internal tendons (0.00066(180/(pi )=0.151[deg/m])).