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SCIENTIFIC CONCEPT
The pH Scale
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This activity requires students to calculate the morality and the pH of the
solution by using certain formula. The students also requires to study the relationship
between pH and morality of acid and alkali. The unique feature of using spreadsheets
are :
• To help the students to tabulate the data and assists the students to calculate
the answers by the given equation. This help the students to rearrange the data
get from any experiment or exercises and analysis it in the form of spreadsheet
where students can enter the data in the column provide in the table.
• Moreover, students can save drastic amounts of time by increasing their
productivity when dealing with various types of data that can be expressed in
various ways such as pie charts, line graphs, bar graphs and other format
suitable with the information gain.
ENGAGE
Answer:
1.a) The shape of the graph is linear. But for graph of HCl is decreases simultaneously
while the graph of NaOH is increases simultaneously.
b) The pH value of HCl will decreases if the concentration increases while the pH
value of NaOH is will increases if the concentration is increases.
2. To show the comparison of pH value although uses of same concentration for each
solution. Besides that, it will shows the different strength of acid and alkali.
ENHANCE
ANSWERS :
1. This is detergent that used to clean any dirty things in many cleaning
substances in use in our homes today, especially in kitchen cleaners like oven spray,
floor cleaners and creams for sinks. Detergent is a salt that formed from neutralization
between alkyl hydrogen sulphate and an alkali. The most effective detergent is
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate, C12H25NaO4S. They are alkaline because they contain
ammonia or sodium hydroxide, which attack grease and to make sure that there is no
bacteria on it. The main content of this detergent is the alkalis such as ammonia or
sodium hydroxide, which attack grease. Sodium lauryl sulphate has polar end which is
negatively charged and it is hydrophilic which attract water. The tail part is non-polar
end and has no charge. It is hydrophobic which repel water. The hydrophobic tail of
the anion part dissolves in the grease and the hydrophilic part dissolves in the water.
After that, the grease started to loosen and lift off from the surface of the shirt .
Therefore, rubbing and scrubbing help to faster the loosen of the grease from the
surface of the shirt. The grease is surrounded by the anion part and the grease is total
lifted off from the surface of the shirt and suspended in water.