GII PHP CU DM HP THP LIN HP BN B TNG CT THP P DNG CHO CC CU VT NT GIAO TH

K s LU HNG CNG Trung tm tin hc t vn cng trnh GTVT (TEDI-CITEC) Tng Cng ty TVTK GTVT

Gii thiu
Gii php dm thp I lin hp bn b tng ct thp c nghin cu v ng dng thc t tr nn ph bin. Tuy nhin do nhng hn ch v kh nng vt nhp, tnh thm m, kh nng p dng trong cu cong, choi hi thc t cn phi c gii php kt cu b khuyt cho nhng nhc im . Khong 15 nm tr li y cc d n nghin cu c ti tr nhm tm hiu mt s cu to in hnh v c trng ng x ca loi hnh cu dm hp thp lin hp bc u gp phn hnh thnh t duy thit k v p dng loi hnh kt cu ny trong thc t. Trn c s tip thu nhng thnh qu nghin cu v vn dng trong iu kin Vit Nam, nhm thit k mnh dn tm hiu a vo cc d n cu vt trong th ti cc nt giao thng H Ni. 1.1 TNG QUAN V GII PHP DM HP THP BN B TNG LIN HP CHO CU TRONG NT GIAO TH.

Hnh 1 Mt ct ngang in hnh Vic la chn gii php cng trnh cu trong th cn xem xt n cc yu cu: (1) Gii php kt cu mang tnh thm m cao, p dng cc tin b khoa hc k thut trong xy dng cng trnh giao thng trn c s kh nng v thit b ca cc n v thi cng trong nc (2) Thi gian thi cng ngn, thi cng thun li, tnh c gii cao (3) m bo giao thng thng sut khng b nh hng trong qu trnh thi cng (4) Chiu cao kt cu, tnh khng di cu, chiu di cu, bn knh cong nm ng tim cu.b hn ch (5)

Thun tin cho cng tc duy tu bo dng (6) a dng ha loi hnh kt cu cu Vit Nam. Gii php dm hp thp lin hp p ng c cc yu cu trn vi cc u im ni bt v kh nng vt nhp, cng chng xon ln, tnh thm m cao, bn v kh nng duy tu bo dng tt. Hnh thc cu to dm hp thp phc tp hn dm I, v vy yu cu cao k nng tay ngh cng nhn khi ch to v lp dng, hn na trng lng mi n nguyn dm hp thp thng ln hn dm I nn gi thnh thit b lp dng v cu lp cao hn. Nhng so vi h nhp dm I, h nhp dm hp thp cn t dm ch, dm ngang, h ging hn, do gim gi thnh ch to, ng thi cng gim c thi gian lp dng ti hin trng t gim chi ph chung. c im ca loi dm ny l cng chng xon ln nn rt ph hp vi cu cong trong cc nt giao, nhnh ramps. Hai cu xy dng M c bn knh cong rt nh l 45m ( ti bang Masachusetts-1960) v 55m (cu cng sn bay Dallas-1970). Tuy nhin cng cn lu kh khn trong ch to i vi cu va cong ng, cong nm, siu cao, cho khi so snh vi cc dng cu khc. Mt u im ni bt ca cu dm hp thp l tnh thm m. khc bit vi cu dm I lin hp, h thng ging, sn tng cng, cc tin ch v thnh phn khc nm khut trong lng hp, khng b ph ra va gy ri mt ng thi (1) gim thiu nguy c bi bn v cc tc ng n mn trc tip ca mi trng do c bo v trong lng hp t gim c chi ph h sn ph (2) thun li cho cng tc kim tra, duy tu ngay trong lng hp. 1.2 CU TO IN HNH V LA CHN CC KCH THC C BN CA KT CU NHP Vic thit k dm hp thp lin hp thng thng gm 2 giai on cn xem xt: giai on dm hp thp kn tng ng chu ti trng trong qu trnh thi cng v giai on dm hp thp lin hp trong khai thc chu hot ti.

Hnh 2 Thnh phn cu to hp thp

1.2.1

T l chiu cao/chiu di nhp (Depth to span ratios)

So vi dm I, dm hp thp c cng khng un cao hn v vy ph hp vi khu nhp ln hn. Nhp vt hiu qu khong t 45-100m. Khu nhp ca dng kt cu ny t 160m (cu vt sng Kanawha bang Viginia M). Hin ASSHTO cha c khuyn ngh c th v t l chiu cao/chiu di nhp i vi dm hp thp, tuy nhin c th tham kho t l ny theo khuyn ngh ca ASSHTO cho dm I iu 2.5.2.6.3 chiu cao dm ti thiu 0.04L cho nhp gin n v 0.032L cho nhp lin tc. Vic la chn chiu cao dm cn xem xt (1) nh tnh ng x kt cu- khi chu tc ng un theo phng ng c th coi dm hp thp nh hai dm I n, i vi tc ng xon dm hp thp ln hn rt nhiu so vi dm I khong t 100-1000 ln (Heins and Hall 1981) (2) khuyn ngh v chiu cao sn dm ti thiu m bo khng gian cho cng tc kim tra duy tu sau ny, ng vi chiu cao ny khu nhp khong 45m cho nhp gin n v khong 60m cho nhp lin tc. 1.2.2 B rng dm v khong cch dm (Girder width and spacing)

Gii hn cn di b rng dm c khuyn ngh khong 1.2(m) m bo khng gian xoay s cho cng nhn khi ch to hon thin cc chi tit cu to ging, sn tng cng trong lng hp thp . Gii hn cn trn ca b rng dm v khong cch dm c xem xt da trn cc yu t : + B rng bn y: Vic phi b sung h sn tng cng dc v sn tng cng ngang cho bn y c kch thc ln m bo n nh c th lm tng cao chi ph sn xut dm. + Chiu di nhp tnh ton ca bn mt cu: nhp tnh ton bn mt cu ln gy kh khn cho vic cu to tm vn khun bn mt cu li khi thi cng bn. + Kh nng vn chuyn dm t xng ch to ra cng trng ca phng tin vn ti hin ti. Mt vi khuyn ngh ch ra vi b rng dm ln hn 3.6(m) cng tc vn chuyn l rt kh khn. ASSHTO khuyn ngh khong cch tim n tim ca cc bn cnh ca cc hp lin k, a, ly gia nhp. Phi khng ln hn 120% hoc khng nh hn 80%, khong cch tim n tim ca cc bn cnh ca mi hp lin k, W. Thm vo yu cu gia nhp, ni m cc mt ct hp khng song song c s dng, khong cch tim n tim ca cc bn cnh lin k gi phi khng ln hn 135% hoc khng nh hn 65% ca khong cch tim n tim ca cc bn cnh ca mi hp lin k. Khong cch tim n tim ca cc bn cnh ca mi hp ring l phi nh nhau.

Phn hng ca bn mt cu bao gm c b va v lan can, khng c ln hn 60% ca khong cch trung bnh gia cc tim ca bn cnh thp trn cc mt ct hp lin k,a, hoc 1800mm.

Hnh 3 Cu to mt ct ngang theo khuyn ngh ca ASSHTO 1.2.3 Bn y dm (Bottom flange)

Chiu dy bn y v t l b/t l thng s thit k quan trng nh hng n gi thnh v kh nng chu lc ca kt cu. Cn di chiu dy bn y ph thuc vo kh nng b bin dng vn xon (distortion) trong qu trnh ch to, vn chuyn, lp dng.Trong mi trng hp chiu dy bn y khng nn nh hn 13mm. ASSHTO khuyn ngh t l b/t ln hn 45 cn xem xt b sung sn tng cng dc v khng cho php t l ny ln hn 60 i vi bn cnh chu nn.Mt vi nghin cu khuyn ngh t l b/t cho bn cnh chu ko ln nht l 120. Vic la chn gii php tng chiu dy hay b sung h sn tng cng dc, ngang nhm m bo n nh tm chu nn ph thuc: (1) gi thnh (2) tnh kh thi trong thi cng, ch to (3) vic b sung sn tng cng cn ht sc lu cu to m bo kh nng chu mi. 1.2.4 Sn dm (Web)

Sn dm c th cu to thng ng hoc to nghing. Vic to nghing c u im tng tnh thm m, gim chiu rng bn y tuy nhin khuyn ngh ca ASSHTO gc nghing sn dm khng vt qu 1:4. Tnh ton thit k sn dm ngoi m bo kh nng chng ct nh cu dm I thng thng, cn thit k kh nng chng xon bao gm xon Saint-Venant v xon vnh (warping torsion). Cc trng hp ti gy xon dm gm: (1) cu cho (2) tnh ti lch tm ca bn mt cu (3) hot ti lch tm.

Hnh 4 S tnh tit din hp chu ti trng lch tm 1.2.5 Bn cnh trn (Top flange)

Bn cnh trn dm c thit k c bn chu ng sut do un dm v mt phn ph thm ng sut dc trc do xon. Bn cnh trn cng lm chc nng nh mt phn ca h ging ngang, chu ng sut un ngang do cc nguyn nhn pht sinh: (1) tc ng cong bng ca dm (2)tc ng nghing ca cc sn dm (3) tc ng ca cc kt cu tm khi thi cng bn hng mt cu. Ngoi cc yu cu v cu to t l b/t ca cc bn cnh chu nn v chu ko nh quy trnh thit k, b rng bn cnh trn cn phi m bo khng gian b tr cho lin kt ca h ging trn v cc inh neo chng ct. Giai on thit k khng ch ca bn cnh trn l trong qu trnh thi cng bn mt cu Bn cnh trn phi c xem xt chu c ti trng lp dng, do hu ht cc nh thu u la chn gii php cu dm bng cch kp trc tip vo bn cnh trn, v vy ng sut cc b bao gm c ng sut cc b trong mi hn gia bn cnh v sn phi c kim ton vi ti trng lp dng. 1.2.6 H khung ngang trong trn nhp (internal intermediate diaphragms)

H khung ngang trong phm vi gia nhp c thit k trn c s m bo kh nng chng vn mo ca tit din mt nguyn nhn tng ng sut trong dm ch. Khi

s lng v cng ca h khung ngang trong c b tr th c th b qua ng sut do vn mo. Cc dng cu to h khung ngang trong thng c p dng l dng K, dng X, dng Z. tuy nhin dng K c khuyn ngh p dng hn c do u im to c nhiu khng gian trong lng hp cho cng tc ch to. Cn ht sc lu n cc yu cu cu to lin quan n chng mi. 1.2.7 Hnh 5 S truyn lc dm ngang ti gi

H khung ngang ngoi trn nhp (External intermediate diaphragms)

Chc nng ca h khung ngang ngoi nhm khng ch chuyn v v gc xoay khc nhau gia cc n nguyn dm khi thi cng bn mt cu.V cu to h khung ngang ngoi trn nhp thng c cu to dng ch K vi chiu cao gn vi chiu cao dm, khong cch b tr bng 2 ln khong cch b tr h khung ngang trong. S tn ti ca h ging ngang ngoi thng lm gim tnh thm m ca cu. V vy vic xut tho d h khung ngang ngoi trn nhp sau khi thi cng bn mt cu cn cn nhc cc yu t: (1) tnh an ton do vic tn ti lc trong h v khng gian b hn ch cho thit b tho lp (2) ng sut bn mt cu c th tng ln gy nt bn mt cu (3) Thi cng b sung h ph mt cu trong tng lai s gp vn tng t khi thi cng bn mt cu m khng c h khung ngang ngoi (4) vn mi. 1.2.8 Dm ngang trong v ngoi ti v tr gi (Internal & External diaphragm at supports) Dm ngang ti gi c thit k nh dm cao (deep beams) chu cc tc ng: (1) ti trng un gy ra bi lc trong cc sn dm (2) ti trng xon bi dng ct do phn lc chng xon dm ch. Cu to dm ngang gm mt sn ng v thng c b sung thm cnh (Top flange) (1) tng kh nng khng un ca dm ngang (2) to h bn mt cu u dm. cc sn tng cng gi thng c gn vo dm ngang v c thit k chu ti trng dc trc bng phn lc gi.Cng nn lu vic b sung l thi cng phc v cng tc kim tra duy tu bo dng sau ny. 1.2.9 H ging ngang bn cnh trn (Top flange lateral bracing)

Hnh 6 Gin dng Warren H ging bn cnh trn c coi l mt th t ca dm hp thp trc khi b tng mt cu. tit din ngang ca ging thng l ch T v c cu to t hp thnh kiu ging n ( gin warren, gin pratt) hoc ging i ( gin dng-X). Mc ch ca h ging bn cnh trn tng cng chng xon ca dm ch. Thit k h ging theo trnh t ba bc sau:

Hnh 7 Gin dng Pratt

Hnh 8 Gin dng X

+ Cu to khung ca h ging:Gc to bi ging cho v bn cnh trn l mt thng s thit k quan trng. thng thng xut gi tr khong 450, gc nh s gim c s lng khung ngang, mi ni, gim c chi ph. Tuy nhin nh s lm tng lc trong thanh ging v ng sut trong dm ch, tng chiu di t do chu n nh cc b ca bn cnh trn Mt khuyn ngh ch ra mt phng h ging nn b tr gn vi mt phng bn cnh trn ca dm va lm tng hiu qu chng xon va trnh mmen un ln trong sn tng cng sn dm.

Hnh 9 La chn b tr h ging bn cnh trn

+ Phn tch thit k gm: (1) tc ng xon (2) tc ng nghing ca sn dm (3) tc ng un. + nh kch thc v chi tit mi ni vi bn cnh dm ch: thng c 2 cch cu to (1) thng qua bn tp (2) bt bulng trc tip vo cnh dm ch

Hnh 10 Cu to c bn tp Hnh 11 Cu to bt bulng trc tip 1.2.10 Mi ni hin trng (field splices) Vic la chn cu to v tr mi ni hin trng v kiu mi ni hn hay mi ni bu lng cng cao cn cn nhc trn cc yu t: (1) kh nng vn chuyn v c kch thc v trng lng (2) s dng mi ni hn ti cng trng cn nhiu thi gian, yu cu v trnh k thut cng nhn hn cao hn, chnh xc kt cu lp dng trc khi hn i hi rt chnh xc. Tuy nhin mi ni hn lm tng tnh thm m, bn cng nh kh nng chng n mn tt hn (3) mi ni bulng thi cng nhanh hn, yu cu tay ngh cng nhn thp hn, yu cu chnh xc kt cu lp dng khng cao. Tuy nhin tnh thm m, bn v kh nng chng n mn km hn. 1.3 GII PHP CU TO VNG MMEN M

Vn n nh bn cnh vng mmen m rt cn quan tm khi thit k, cc gii php thng c xem xt khi thit k bn cnh chu nn vng mmen m ti cc tit din gn tr gia nh: (1)Tng chiu dy thp gii php ny thng lm tng chi ph vt liu t tng gi thnh cng trnh (2) s dng sn tng cng dc bn y gii php ny n gin d p dng nhng rt cn lu cc cu to m bo kh nng chu mi ca vt liu (3) gii php lin hp kp s dng b tng lin hp bn y (douple composite) gii php ny p dng ti mt s cu thuc cc nc chu u nh cu Pont dlllarsaz (Thy s) hay cu Ciervana (Ty ban nha).

Hnh 12 Gii php lin hp kp douple Hnh 13 Gii php s dng sn tng cng composite dc bn y 1.4 GII PHP CU TO TCH HP X M TR VI DM HP THP. i vi cu dm 2 hp thp lin tc, thng thng s dng kt cu tr 2 ct di y dm hoc tr 1 ct kt hp x m di cc dm thng qua gi; gii php s dng nhiu ct c u im l cu to n gin song thng b coi l chim dng nhiu khng gian bn di gy mt m quan; gii php s dng x m ring bit cng c u im l cu to n gin nhng c nhc im lm tng chiu cao cu v ng u cu do tng chi ph xy dng cng trnh, lm gim tnh thm m do nh hng ca khi x m c bit l cu nm trong ng cong v cu cho. gii quyt vn nu trn ti d n cu vt nt giao Nam Hng, Nguyn Ch Thanh, nhm thit k a ra gii php cu to lin khi gia dm hp thp v x m tr dng hp thp, kt hp s dng vi tr mt ct. Vi gii php ny h cc phn t ngang nh tr lm vic rt phc tp vi hai vai tr ca dm ngang v x m. Ngoi cc ni lc ct v un thng thng th vn xon c t ra rt ln. V mt cu to c th xem xt hai dng nh sau: + Dng dm hp chy lin tc qua nh x m. Cc phn t ngang lin kt vo h dm dc + Dng h ngang cu to hon chnh trn nh tr v dm dc c lin kt vo h ngang ny. i vi cu Nam Hng v Nguyn Ch Thanh nhm thit k chn gii php th 2 vi cc cu to chnh nh sau: + H ngang dng hp thp vi cc sn chnh v sn tng cng t theo cc phng chu lc. H ngang c cu to cc chi tit ch sn lin kt vi dm ch. Phn hp thp khu vc lin kt vi ct tr BTCT c hn cc inh neo chng ct v sau ny s b tng gn kt vi ct thp dc ca tr. + H dm dc: cc hp dm c lin kt ti cc v tr ch sn ca h ngang bng mi ni bu lng cng cao.

Hnh 15 M hnh tnh cc b x m cu Hnh 14 M hnh tnh cc b x m tr cu vt nt giao Nguyn Ch Thanh vt nt giao Nam Hng

1.5

GII PHP CU TO GIA THN TR BTCT V DM HP THP. Trong cc cu thng thng x m v thn tr u c lm t cng mt loi vt liu nn mi ni gia thn tr v x m khng phi l vn ln. Tuy nhin trong cu dm hp thp lin tc i khi chng ta cn gii quyt mi ni gia thn tr BTCT vi x m dng hp thp vi yu cu m bo kh nng truyn lc gia KCPT v KCPD v s lm vic ng thi ca hai loi vt liu. Ti d n cu vt nt giao Nam Hng v Nguyn Ch Thanh nhm thit k a ra cc gii php cu to lin kt gia x m hp thp v thn tr b tng. Cu to c bn ca lin kt nh sau: + X m c cu to dng hp thp. Khu vc lin kt vi ct tr, hp thp c gn cc inh neo pha trong. + Ct BTCT c ct thp dc ch c ko di ti mt trn ca hp x m chiu di ko ti thiu bng chiu di pht trin ca ct dc ch. + Ct ai thn tr c ko di vo vng mi ni m bo kim ch b tng. + b tng vo khu vc hp thp x m trn nh tr lin kt x m vi ct tr thng qua cc inh neo chng ct v ct thp ch ca ct. Cc vn cn xem xt ca gii php ny: + B tng lin kt cn m bo s truyn lc gia hp thp x m vi thn tr thng qua neo chng ct gn trn vch hp v ct thp dc thn tr. B tng ny cn s dng loi c cng cao, linh ng ln v trn ph gia chng co ngt lin kt tt vi hp thp x m. + Cc inh neo c b tr trn cc mt ca hp x m m bo truyn lc theo cc phng gia x m v ct tr.

u im ca gii php ny: + Thch hp vi cu c gc cho ln s dng thn tr dng mt ct + H thp chiu cao cu v chiu di ng dn u cu m vn m bo tnh khng di cu t gim gi thnh xy dng so vi phng n cu thng thng. + Tng kh nng chng ng t.

Hnh 16 S tnh inh neo lin kt khi b tng nh tr 1.6 TRNH T LIN HP THEO TIN TRNH THI CNG.

(1) Vic tnh ton chnh xc tc ng ca ti trng thi cng i vi cc b phn nh h ging trn, h khung ngang trong, h khung ngang ngoi .ca kt cu dm hp thp m bo n nh dm ch trong qu trnh thi cng l kh kh khn do nh hng ca vic m hnh chnh xc ng x lin hp i vi b tng cha cng ,hn na cc s liu o c thc nghim t cc cu thi cng v kt qu phn tch chi tit (FEM) cho thy ng sut do ti trng thi cng chim n 60-70% ng sut tn ti trong mt ct dm sau hon thin. (2) i vi b tng nhi x m tr cn cn nhc thi im nhi b tng do nh hng ca nhit i vi kt cu khi b tng nhi x m cha cng l nguyn nhn lm h hng dnh bm gia b tng mi ni v x m thp. T cc l do nu trn nhm thit k xut trnh t thi cng nh sau: + Thi cng tr + Lp dng x m ln nh tr v h gio tm (Cha nh v chnh xc x m theo thit k m tm dch chuyn to khng gian ti thiu cho vic lp kt cu nhp gia hai x m)

+ Lp dng h kt cu nhp ln h gio tr tm (Cha lin kt cng dm vi x m trnh tc ng bin dng nhit ca dm nh hng ti kt cu x m) + Cn chnh chnh xc v tr tr theo thit k, b tng nhi lin kt gia thn tr v x m. Sau khi b tng nhi x m cng mi tin hnh lin kt cng dm vi x m. Cc nhp khc thi cng tng t + b tng bn mt cu theo nguyn tc vng mmen dng trc, vng mmen m sau, t nhp bin vo nhp gia. + Thi cng lp ph v han thin cu.

Hnh 17 Trnh t b tng bn mt cu cu vt Nam Hng 1.7 GIA CNG, CH TO, SN XUT KT CU NHP DM HP THP. S dng chy qu trnh ch to dm trong nh my + Kim tra vt t u vo : th nghim c tnh, thnh phn ha hc + Lp kho pha phi i vi cc chi tit thp tm, thp hnh + Ly du, ct to phi, khoan l lp ghp + G t hp, hn cm + Hn + Nn thng, phng, gia nhit, mi sa. + T hp th + Lm sch b mt + Sn + Hon thin vn chuyn ra cng trng.

Hnh 18 H g xoay phc v thi cng khi x m cu Nguyn Ch Thanh

Hnh 19 Cu lp x m Nguyn Ch Thanh ti cng trng

Hnh 20 Cng tc thi cng h sn ph trong cng xng. 1.8 1.8.1

Hnh 21 Thi cng cu lp dm ti cng trng

V D THIT K MT S CNG TRNH Cu vt nt giao Nguyn Ch Thanh Lng

a) Quy m cp cng trnh v tiu chun k thut: Xy dng cu vt trc thng theo hng Nguyn Ch Thanh - Trn Duy Hng c b rng B=16m cho 4 ln xe i 2 chiu, tc thit k 60Km/h, quy m cng trnh cp vnh cu bng BTCT v Thp b tng lin hp. B rng ton cu B=16,0m trong phn mt cu 15,0m lan can 2x0,5m. Ti trng thit k: xe HL 93. Ngi i 3*10-3 Mpa Lc va xe vo tr: 1800kN; Tnh khng cc ng chui di cu: H=4.75m;

b) Kt cu phn trn: Kt cu nhp dm hp thp lin hp bn BTCT lin tc s nhp: (30+35+4x45+35+30m), tng chiu di cu L=315.7m.

Mt ct ngang cu gm 02 dm ch bng hp thp, khong cch tim 2 dm l 8,2m, chiu cao dm Hd = 2m, chiu dy bn mt cu ti thiu 200mm. Kch thc sn dm cao 2000mm dy 14mm. Kch thc bn cnh trn bin thin: 20x450; 30x650; 45x650 mm. Kch thc bn cnh di (bn y) bin thin: 16x3300; 24x3300; 30x3300 mm. H lin kt dc v sn tng cng ngang bng thp bn lin kt vi dm ch thng qua bn tit im v bu lng cng cao. Bn mt cu bng BTCT 30Mpa ti ch. Chiu dy bn mt cu ti thiu 20cm lin kt vi dm thng qua cc neo chng ct, l loi neo inh 25mm di 150mm c hn vo cnh trn dm ch. Thp kt cu dng cho cc loi cu kin thp ph hp vi tiu chun ASTM A709, cp 345 hoc tng ng. inh neo chu ct: c lm t thanh thp ko ngui, cp 1015, 1018 hoc 1020 tun theo tiu chun ASTM A108.

c) Kt cu phn di: M cu: M cu dng ch U bng BTCT ti ch t trn b mng cc khoan nhi D1000mm. Tr cu: + Tr dng tr c thn hp tit din hnh ch nht BxH=4,0x1,8m bng BTCT, mng tr trn h cc khoan nhi ng knh D1000mm. + X m tr bng thp bn lin kt hn; lin kt thn tr vi x m thng qua neo inh, thp hnh v b tng trn ph gia khng co ngt C40.

Hnh 22 Phi cnh cu vt Nguyn Ch Thanh

1.8.2

Cu vt nt giao L Vn Lng Lng

a) Quy m cp cng trnh v tiu chun k thut: Xy dng cu vt trc thng theo hng L Vn Lng Lng H c b rng B=9m cho 2 ln xe con kt hp xe but nhanh (BRT) i 2 chiu v ln ph dnh cho xe my, tc thit k 60Km/h, quy m cng trnh cp vnh cu bng thp b tng lin hp. B rng ton cu B=9,0m trong phn mt cu 8,2m lan can 2x0,4m. Ti trng thit k: cu c thit k vi hot ti 3T kt hp xe but nhanh BRT (ti trng trc trc ln nht: 7T, ti trng trc sau ln nht: 10T) Khng xem xt cc ti trng cc hn. Tuy nhin phn thn tr thp cao 2.0m c nhi b tng trn ph gia khng co ngt. Tnh khng cc ng chui di cu: H=4.75m;

d) Kt cu phn trn: Kt cu nhp dm hp thp lin hp bn BTCT lin tc s nhp: (30+34+4x45+35+30m), tng chiu di cu L=315.1m. Mt ct ngang cu gm 04 dm ch bng hp thp, khong cch tim 2 dm l 2,45m, chiu cao dm Hd = 1.4m, chiu dy bn mt cu ti thiu 150mm. Kch thc sn dm cao 1350mm dy 14mm. Kch thc bn cnh trn bin thin: 14x850; 24x850; 32x850 mm. Kch thc bn cnh di bin thin: 16x850; 26x850; 30x850 mm. B tr cc sn tng cng ngang bng thp bn lin kt vi dm ch bng hn. Bn mt cu bng BTCT 30Mpa ti ch. Chiu dy bn mt cu ti thiu 15cm lin kt vi dm thng qua cc neo chng ct, loi neo inh 19mm di 100mm c hn vo cnh trn dm ch. Thp kt cu dng cho cc loi cu kin thp ph hp vi tiu chun ASTM A709, cp 345 hoc tng ng. inh neo chu ct: c lm t thanh thp ko ngui, cp 1015, 1018 hoc 1020 tun theo tiu chun ASTM A108.

e) Kt cu phn di: M cu: M cu dng ch U bng BTCT ti ch t trn b mng gm 01 cc khoan nhi D2000mm. Tr cu: + Tr trn D1500mm bng thp dy 30mm, mng tr trn 01 cc khoan nhi ng knh D2000mm.

+ X m tr bng thp bn lin kt hn; lin kt thn tr vi x m bng bulng cng cao.

Hnh 23 Hnh nh cu L Vn Lng ngy thng xe 14-11-2012 1.8.3 Cu vt nt giao gia ng Nam Hng vi ng Mai Dch Ni bi.

a) Quy m cp cng trnh v tiu chun k thut: Xy dng cu vt trc thng theo hng ng Nam Hng vt ng Bc Thng Long Ni Bi c b rng B=12m cho 2 ln xe c gii v 2 ln xe th s, tc thit k 60Km/h, quy m cng trnh cp vnh cu bng BTCT v Thp b tng lin hp. B rng ton cu B=12,0m trong phn mt cu 11,0m lan can 2x0,5m. Ti trng thit k: xe HL 93. Ngi i 3*10-3 Mpa Lc va xe vo tr: 1800kN; Tnh khng cc ng chui di cu: H=4.75m;

b) Kt cu phn trn: Kt cu nhp dm hp thp lin hp bn BTCT lin tc s nhp: (30+3x45+30m), tng chiu di cu L=200.7m. Mt ct ngang cu gm 02 dm ch bng hp thp, khong cch tim 2 dm l 6,225m, chiu cao dm Hd = 1.8m, chiu dy bn mt cu ti thiu 200mm. Kch thc sn dm cao 1800mm dy 14mm. Kch thc bn cnh trn bin thin: 20x450; 30x650; 45x650 mm. Kch thc bn cnh di (bn y) bin thin: 16x2425; 24x2425; 30x2425 mm. H lin kt dc v sn tng cng ngang bng thp bn lin kt vi dm ch thng qua bn tit im v bu lng cng cao.

Bn mt cu bng BTCT 30Mpa ti ch. Chiu dy bn mt cu ti thiu 20cm lin kt vi dm thng qua cc neo chng ct, l loi neo inh 25mm chiu di thay i t 150~290mm c hn vo cnh trn dm ch. Thp kt cu dng cho cc loi cu kin thp ph hp vi tiu chun ASTM A709, cp 345 hoc tng ng. inh neo chu ct: c lm t thanh thp ko ngui, cp 1015, 1018 hoc 1020 tun theo tiu chun ASTM A108.

c) Kt cu phn di: M cu: M cu dng ch U bng BTCT ti ch t trn b mng cc khoan nhi D1000mm. Tr cu: + Tr dng tr trn D2000mm bng BTCT, mng tr trn h cc khoan nhi 06 cc D1000mm. + X m tr bng thp bn lin kt hn; lin kt thn tr vi x m thng qua neo inh, thp hnh v b tng trn ph gia khng co ngt C40.

Hnh 24 Phi cnh cu vt nt giao Nam Hng 1.9 KT LUN

c im kt cu dm hp thp l t trng bn thn nh, t gim khi lng kt cu phn di, gim thi gian nh hng giao thng trong qu trnh thi cng, gim gi thnh xy dng. Cng tc sn xut kt cu nhp trong cng xng c u im d kim sot v m bo cht lng. Kt cu c tnh thm m cao, cc d n cu vt nt giao th hin ang trin khai phn no cng c cc c im kt cu cu dng ny.

Tiliuthamkho
1. A Design Procedure for Intermediate External Diaphragms on Curved Steel Trapezoidal Box Girder Bridges. Report No. FHWA/TX-03/1898-1 Research Project 0-1898 SIMPLIFIED DETAILS FOR TRAPEZOIDAL STEEL BOX BEAMS. 2. Composite Action during Construction of Steel Trapezoidal Box Girder Bridges Report No. FHWA/TX-07/0-1898-2 3. Top-Lateral Bracing Systems for Trapezoidal Steel Box-Girder Bridges. Report No. FHWA/TX-07/0-1898-4. Research Project 0-1898 4. Field and Computational Studies of Steel Trapezoidal Box Girder Bridges. Report no.1395-3 5. Behavior of Trapezoidal Box Girders with Skewed Supports. Report No.41481. 6. Practical Steel Tub Girder Design. ASSHTO and NSBA collaboration 7. Design Guidelines For Steel Trapezoidal Box Girder Systems Report No. FHWA/TX-07/0-4307-1 8. NCHRP report 527: Integral Steel Box-beam Pier Cap 9. The Connection between an Integral Steel Cap Girder and a concrete Pier. Doctor of philosophy. Joseph Micheal ales, JR.,B.S.,M.S. 10. Chapter 13 Steel-Concrete Composite Box girder Bridge. Bridge engineering handbook. 11. H s thit k bn v thi cng cu vt nt giao Nam Hng, L Vn Lng, Nguyn Ch Thanh.

Contents
GII PHP CU DM HP THP LIN HP BN B TNG CT THP P DNG CHO CC CU VT NT GIAO TH ................................................... 1 1.1 TNG QUAN V GII PHP DM HP THP BN B TNG LIN HP CHO CU TRONG NT GIAO TH. .......................................................................... 1 1.2 CU TO IN HNH V LA CHN CC KCH THC C BN CA KT CU NHP................................................................................................................... 2 1.2.1 1.2.2 1.2.3 1.2.4 1.2.5 1.2.6 1.2.7 T l chiu cao/chiu di nhp (Depth to span ratios) ............................................. 3 B rng dm v khong cch dm (Girder width and spacing) .............................. 3 Bn y dm (Bottom flange) ................................................................................. 4 Sn dm (Web) ..................................................................................................... 4 Bn cnh trn (Top flange) ..................................................................................... 5 H khung ngang trong trn nhp (internal intermediate diaphragms)..................... 5 H khung ngang ngoi trn nhp (External intermediate diaphragms) ................... 6

1.2.8 Dm ngang trong v ngoi ti v tr gi (Internal & External diaphragm at supports) ............................................................................................................................... 6 1.2.9 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.8.1 1.8.2 1.8.3 1.9 H ging ngang bn cnh trn (Top flange lateral bracing) ................................... 6 GII PHP CU TO VNG MMEN M ...................................................... 8 GII PHP CU TO TCH HP X M TR VI DM HP THP. ........ 9 GII PHP CU TO GIA THN TR BTCT V DM HP THP. ...... 10 TRNH T LIN HP THEO TIN TRNH THI CNG. ................................ 11 GIA CNG, CH TO, SN XUT KT CU NHP DM HP THP....... 12 V D THIT K MT S CNG TRNH ....................................................... 13 Cu vt nt giao Nguyn Ch Thanh Lng ...................................................... 13 Cu vt nt giao L Vn Lng Lng ............................................................. 15 Cu vt nt giao gia ng Nam Hng vi ng Mai Dch Ni bi. ......... 16 KT LUN ........................................................................................................... 17 1.2.10 Mi ni hin trng (field splices) ......................................................................... 8