DESCON ENGINEERING.

MAGNETIC PARTICLE EXAMINATION

PROCEDURE

Doc No. : QC/M/3/3/01A

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Date :

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CERTIFICATE

We hereby certify that this NDE procedure No.QC/M/3/1/01A Rev 0 Magnetic Particle Examination
Procedure meets the requirements of Stoomwezen G0100, G201, T0110,

Certified By :

NDT Level III

The procedure which is in accordance with the requirements of Stoomwezen G0100,G201,T0110has

been reviewed.

NOBO

Date

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1.0

SCOPE:

1.1

This procedure covers the Magnetic Particle Examination method using portable AC/DC
electromagnetic yoke by using non-fluorescent ferromagnetic particles and acceptance
standards, which shall be followed whenever Magnetic Particle examination is specified.

1.2

This procedure shall be used in the examination of all ferromagnetic materials and weld
joints of all shapes and sizes to detect surface open discontinuities . The stage extent and
location of examination shall be as specified in Quality Inspection Plan.

1.3

The procedure is in conformance with the requirements of ASME Sec. V Article 7

Stoomwezen document No. T 0203 and acceptance criteria shall be as per
Stoomwezen document No. T 0110 & Dutch rule for pressure vessels G 0100/72-12

1.4

Personnel employed for the examination , interpretation & evaluation shall be

qualified as per EN 473 or equivalent in the Pressure Equipment Sector. The person
who interpretes & evaluates the results of examination shall be atleast Level II qualified.

2.0

PROCEDURE QUALIFICATION

2.1

This procedure shall be qualified by the demonstrated to the satisfaction of

AUTHORISED INSPECTOR (AI) as per ASME Sec.V para T-150 and shall be
recorded & documented.

2.2

This written procedure is based on the essential and non-essential variables mentioned in
the Table1.

2.3

The change of a requirement in Table 1, identified as an essential variable shall

require re-qualification of the written procedure by demonstration.

.
2.4
2.5

The change of a requirement in Table 1, identified as non-essential variable does

not require re-qualification of the written
procedure.
All the changes of essential variables specified within this written procedure
shall require revision and all the changes of non-essential variables specified
within this written procedure shall require revision of,or an addendum to, this
written procedure.

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DESCON ENGINEERING.
MAGNETIC PARTICLE EXAMINATION
PROCEDURE
3.0

TECHNIQUE OF MAGNETISATION:

3.1

Yoke technique shall be employed using continuous method.

4.0

EQUIPMENT

4.1

Any portable AC/DC Electromagnetic yoke shall be used.

4.2

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Lifting power of Yoke

4.2.1

AC/DC Electromagnetic Yoke shall be verified for lifting power as specified below.

4.2.2

Steel block shall be weighed with a scale from reputable manufacturer and stenciled with the
applicable nominal weight prior to first use. This Weight need be verified again only if
damaged in a manner that could have caused potential loss of material.

Type

4.2.3

Make

AC

Magnaflux / Tied

DC

Magnaflux / Tied

Lifting power at max.

leg Spacing
10 lbs(4.5 kgs)
Minimum
40 lbs (18.1 kgs)
Minimum

Pole spacing
2 6
(50-150 mm)
2 - 6
(50-150 mm)

Lifting power shall be verified and certified once in a year by a Level II qualified person and
also whenever yoke has been damaged or repaired.

4.3

CALIBRATION

4.3.1

Visible light meter (Lux meter) shall be calibrated atleast once a year or whenever
the meter has been repaired. If meters have not been in use for one year or more,
calibration shall be before being used.

5.0

SURFACE PREPARATION:

5.1

The surface to be examined and all adjacent areas within at least one inch shall be
dry and free of all dirt, grease, lint, scale, welding flux and spatter, oil and other
extraneous matter that could interfere with the examination.

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5.2

Cleaning may be accomplished using detergents, organic solvents, descaling

solutions, paint remover, vapour degreasing, sand or grit blasting or ultrasonic
cleaning methods.

5.3

The surface to be examined may be in the as-welded as-rolled, as-cast or as-forged

condition. Surface preparation by grinding, machining or other suitable means is
necessary to resolve doubtful indications.

5.4

SURFACE CONTRAST ENHANCEMENT

5.4 1 For Non Fluorescent MT, thin uniform layer of non-magnetic surface contrast paint shall
be applied on the uncoated examination surface only in amount sufficient to enhance the
particle contrast and it shall be demonstrated that the indications can be detected through
the enhancement as per Para 150 of ASME Sec. V Article 1. Actual thickness
measurement of this nonmagnetic contrast enhancement coating is not required.
6.0

TYPES OF FERROMAGNETIC PARTICLES:

6.1

Either dry or wet, no fluorescent particles which gives highest contrast with the part
surface shall be used for the examination as specified in the table given below.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------Sr. No.
Manufacturer
Brand
Colour
Wet/Dry
Name
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------1.
DIFFU-THERM DPM
White
Wet
2.
DIFFU-THERM MPS
Black
Wet
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------Dry & Wet particles, including wet particles suspension vehicle shall be in accordance with
SE-709.

6.2

TEMPERATURE OF PARTICLES & PART SURFACE

6.2.1

The temperature of the part surface and dry or wet particle suspension shall not exceed
122F(50 C) or as recommended by the manufacturer. Alternatively particles may be
used outside manufacturer's recommendations providing the procedure is qualified in
accordance with section V of ASME article 1, T-150.

DESCON ENGINEERING.
MAGNETIC PARTICLE EXAMINATION
PROCEDURE
6.3

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WET BATH CONCENTRATION:

The concentration of particles in wet bath shall be measured by using centrifuge tube
(Settling Test), 100 ml sample of wet bath suspension shall be poured into the Centrifuge
tube after thorough stirring. Settling time of minimum 30 minutes shall given before
taking the reading of the settled particles concentration.The concentration of particles shall
be between 1.2 to 2.4 ml per 100 ml. bath concentration. Water conditioner shall be
used whenever recommended by the manufacturer. The concentration shall be checked
before each use.

6.4

APPLICATION OF PARTICLES

6.4.1

The dry particles may be applied by dusting or blowing on the part surface. The wet
bath may be applied on the part surface by pouring or spraying.

7.0

METHOD OF EXAMINATION:

7.1

Before the magnetic particle examination is conducted check of the examination surface shall
be conducted to locate any discontinuity surface opening which may not attract and hold
magnetic particles because of their widths.

7.2

Examination shall be performed on 'AC' mode only unless otherwise specified.

7.3

The examination shall be done by the continuous method that is the magnetising current
remains "ON" while the examination media is being applied and while excess
of
media being removed by light air stream or bulb or syringe or other source of low
Pressure dry air,when dry particles are used. In case of wet particles the wet bath shall
be stopped at the instant the current is 'ON'.

7.4

All areas to be examined shall be magnetized in two perpendicular directions.

7.5

Field adequacy may be checked by placing the Field Indicator on the surface to be
examined The maximum pole spacing permitted during examination shall be
200 mm and the pole spacing less than 2 inches shall be avoided.

8.0

EXAMINATION COVERAGE:

8.1

All examinations shall be conducted with 50% overlap to assure 100% coverage at the
required sensitivity.

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9.0

INTERPRETATION

9.1

With nonfluorescent particles, the examination is performed using visible light.

Minimum light intensity of 100 foot candles (1000Lux) is required to ensure adequate
sensitivity during the examination and evaluation of indications. To ensure above visible
light intensity on the surface of the part under examination , 60 watt electric bulb shall be
used at a maximum distance of 200 mm from the part surface. The light source, technique
and light level verification is required to be demonstrated one time, documented, and
maintained on file.

10.0

EVALUATION OF INDICATIONS:

10.1

Mechanical discontinuities at the surface will be indicated by the retention of the

examination medium. All indications are not necessarily defects, however, since certain
metallurgical discontinuities and magnetic permeability variations may produce similar
indications
which are not relevant to the detection of unacceptable discontinuities.

10.2

Any indication which is believed to be nonrelevant shall be reexamined to verify whether

or not actual defects are present. Surface conditioning may precede the reexamination.
Nonrelevant indications which would mask indications of defects are unacceptable.
Any questionable or doubtful indications shall be reexamined to determine whether or
not they are relevant.

10.3

Relevant indications are those which result from unacceptable mechanical discontinuities
and which have any dimension greater than 1/16(1.5 mm). Rounded indications are
those indications which are circular or elliptical with the length less than or equal to three
times the width. Linear indications are those indications in which the length is more than
three times the width.

10.4

An indication of the discontinuity may be larger than the discontinuity that causes it,
however, the size of the indication and not the size of the discontinuity is the basis of
acceptance or rejection. Only indications which have any dimension greater than
1/16 inch (1.5mm) shall be considered relevant.

11.0

ACCEPTANCE STANDARDS:

11.1

The interpretation and acceptance of indications shall be as mentioned below.

11.2

Stoomwezen T 0203 / T0110

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MAGNETIC PARTICLE EXAMINATION
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11.3

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REPAIRS

11.3.1 Repairs shall be carried out by grinding or gouging to sound metal and re-examination
shall be carried out to ensure complete removal of defect. Repair shall be carried out using
approved procedure.
11.3.2 Repaired portions shall be re-examined as required by the Code/Specification.
11.4

DOCUMENTATION:
RECORDING OF INDICATIONS

11.4.1 Non rejectable indications: Nonrejectable indications shall be recorded as specified

by the referencing Code Section.
11.4.2 Rejectable indications : Rejectable Indications shall be recorded as a minimum, the
type of indications (linear or rounded), location and extent (length or diameter or aligned)
shall be recorded.
11.5

REPORTING:

11.5.1 A Magnetic Particle Examination report shall be prepared (Refer Format No;MANFQA&QC/FRM-372).
12.0

DEMAGNETISATION:

12.1

Demagnetization is generally not required unless otherwise specified. When

required, it shall be done with a suitable procedure.

13.0

POST EXAMINATION CLEANING:

13.1

Post examination cleaning to remove the ferromagnetic particles either dry or wet, shall
be performed as soon as practical using a process that does not adversely affect the part.

13.2

Unless otherwise specified one of the following post - examination cleaning

techniques shall be employed if post examination cleaning is required.
i) The use of compressed air to blow of unwanted dry magnetic particles.
ii)
Drying of the wet particles and subsequent removal by brushing or with
compressed air.
iii)
Removal of wet particles by flushing with solvent.
iv)
Cleaning by cloth / Cotton

DESCON ENGINEERING.
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REQUIREMENT OF MAGNETIC PARTICLE EXAMINATION PROCEDURES

(Table 1)
Sr. No. Requirement
1

Magnetising technique

Procedure
Reference
Clause No.
1.1 & 3.0

Magnetising current type or

amperage outside range specified by
this procedure or as previously
qualified.
Surface preparation
Magnetic particles
(fluorescent/visible, colour, particle
size, wet/dry)
Method of particle application

7.1

X
X

5.0
6.0

6.4

Method of excess particle removal

Minimum light intensity
Existing coatings, greater than
thickness demonstrated
Nonmagnetic surface contrast
enhancement, when utilised
Examination part surface temperature
outside of the temperature range
recommended by the manufacturer of
the particles or as previously
qualified
Shape or size of the examination
object
Equipment of the same type
Temperature within those specified
by manufacturer or as previously
qualified
Demagnetizing technique
Post examination cleaning technique
Personnel qualification requirements

X
X
X

7.3
9.5
Not applicable

5.4

6.2

3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

11
12
13
14
15
16

Essential
Variables

Non essential
Variables

1.2

X
X

4.1
6.2

X
X
X

12.0
13.0
1.4