50(602)

IEC

Uy ban k thut in Quc t (IEC)

n phm 50 (601) - 1985

T ng k thut in Quc t
Ch ng 602: Pht, truyn ti v phn phi in Pht in

Mc lc

Trang

Li ni u ..............................................................................
Li ta .......................................................................................
Tit
Tit 602-01 Cc nh my pht in................................................................4
Tit 602-02 Lp t v thit b pht in..............................................11
Tit 602-03 Vn hnh cc nh my pht in...........................................24

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3
U ban K thut in Quc t
T ng k thut in quc t

Ch ng 602: Pht, truyn ti v phn phi in Pht in

Li ni u
1. Cc quyt nh hoc tha thun chnh thc ca IEC v cc vn
k thut c son tho bi cc y ban k thut, trong c i din
ca cc y ban Quc gia ang c quan t m c bit n vn ny,
th hin s nht tr Quc t cao v cc ch c cp.
2. Cc quyt nh hoc tha thun ny l nh n g khuyn ngh
s dng quc t v c cc U ban Quc gia chp nhn theo ngha .
3. xc tin s thng nht Quc t, IEC by t mong mun tt c cc
y ban Quc gia nn chp nhn khuyn ngh ca IEC nh l cc qui nh
quc gia ca m n h trong chng mc cc iu kin quc gia cho php. Bt
k s khc bit no gi a khuyn ngh ca IEC v qui nh quc gia t ng
ng, cn c nu r trong chng mc cho php trong cc quy nh ny.

Li ta
n phm ny hp thnh ch ng th hai ca mt tp hp nm ch ng ca t ng k thut in quc t (IEV) dnh cho sn xut,
truyn ti v ph n phi in theo th t sau:
Chng 601: tng qut.
Chng 602: Sn xut.
Chng 603: K hoch ho v qun l cc li.
Chng 604: Vn hnh.
Chng 605: Cc trm bin p.
Nhng chng ny c nhm 25 duyt li ln xut bn th hai
ca IEV nm1965 v c chun b k t nm 1968, bi nhm
lm vic 1/WGP 601 m th k ln lt l U ban Quc gia ca Lin
X m nhim v ri, k t 1986, l U ban Quc gia c.
Thut ng trong ch ng 602 < <Ph t in > > c thu hp c
thc trong phm vi hn ch. Nhng thit b sn xut c xem
xt ch yu theo chc nng chng m nhim v ch la chn
mt t thut ng cn cho nh ng ng i lm k hoch v vn hnh
li. Chng 602 ch cn l ch yu mt ch ng k thut in loi
tr, cng nhiu cng hay, tt c chi tit cu trc trong nh
ngha cc thit b.
Mt d tho th nht, ti liu 1 (IEV 602) (Th k) 1156 c a ra xem xt vo thng hai 1980. Sau mt hi ngh m rng ca
nhm lm vic WG 601 hp Pari t 01 n 03/10/1980, mt
d tho th hai, ti liu 1(IEV 602) (vn phng trung t m) 1152
c trnh ln cc U ban Quc gia c chp nhn theo
quy tc su thng vo thng Ging nm 1981.

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Cc U ban Quc gia cc n c sau y b phiu thun cho n

phm:
c
Ai Cp
Rumani
Lin X
B
Hoa K
Vng Quc Anh
Brazin
Php
Thu in
Canada
Israel
Thu S
Cng Ho Triu Tin
Italia
Tip
Chng 602: pht, truyn ti v phn phi in
pht in
Tit 6 0 2 -0 1 Cc n h m y p ht in

602- 01- 01
nh my pht in.
Mt thit b c mc ch pht in v bao gm cc cng tr nh
k thut dn dng, thit b chuyn i nng l ng v tt c cc
thit b ph tr cn thit

602- 01- 02
h thn g pht in.
Tp hp cc ph ng tin pht in trong mt h thng.
Ghi ch.- Ng i ta cng c th coi ch mt ph n nhm
nht nh (v d h thng pht nhit in)

602- 01- 03
s lp t thu in.
Mt s xp xp c th t cc cng trnh dn dng, my mc v
thit b nhm mc ch ch yu l chuyn i th nng ca
nc thnh in nng

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602- 01- 04
nh my thu in.
Mt nh my in trong ng nng ca n c c chuyn
thnh in nng

602- 01- 05
nh my in dng chy.
Mt nh my thu in dng dng chy ca sng, thi gian lm
y h cha thc t l khng ng k.

602- 01- 06
nh my in tch n c.
Mt nh my thu in m thi gian lm y h n c da vo
nh ng dng chy ca n c tch li cho php gi n c trong mt
thi gian nhiu nht khng qu mt vi tun.
li
cao

Ghi ch: c bit, nh my in u n c cho php dng chy c tr

trong thi gian ti thp c th vn hnh tua bin trong thi gian ti
trong cng ngy hay nh ng ngy sau .

602- 01- 07
nh my in h cha.

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Mt nh my thu in m h cha c thi gian tch y bi n c chy nhiu hn mt vi tun

Ghi ch.- Mt nh my h cha th ng cho php
tch nc trong thi gian n c cao c th vn
hnh tua bin sau ny trong thi gian ti cao
602- 01- 08
nh my in thu triu.
Mt nh my in dng chnh lch cao ca n c do thu triu

602- 01- 09
tch n c bng b m .
Vn hnh bng cch a nc ln bng bm v gi li dng v
sau cho mt hoc nhiu cng trnh thu in pht in.

602- 01- 10
nh my in tch n c bng b m .
Mt nh my in dng mt b cha cao v mt b cha thp
cho php thc hin cc chu k pht v bm lp li

602- 01- 11
ct n c th ca nh my thu in.
Chnh lch cao gi a cc mc n c th ng lu v h lu trong cc
iu kin quy nh

602- 01- 12
ct n c tinh ca nh my thu in.
Ct nc th ca nh my thu in tr i chiu cao t ng ng
vi tn tht thu lc khng k n nh ng tn tht thu lc
trong tua bin
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602- 01- 13
dung lng n c c ch ca mt h cha.
Th tch n c ca h cha gi a mc thp nht v cao nht cho
php vn hnh bnh th ng mt h cha

602- 01- 14
kh nng nng lng mt h cha.
Lng in nng s c sn xut bi mt hoc nhiu nh my
pht in c cung cp bi mt h cha trong tr ng hp x ht
dung lng nc c ch

602- 01- 15
d tr n c c ch ca mt h cha.
Khi lng nc cha trong h trong mt thi gian nht nh trn
mc thp nht cho php vn hnh bnh th ng

602- 01- 16
d tr nng lng ca mt h cha.
Lng in nng c th c sn xut bi cc nh my in c
cung cp bi mt h cha trong tr ng hp x ht n c d tr c
ch

602- 01- 17
h s lm y h cha.

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T s ca d tr in nng ca mt hoc nhiu h cha, ti

mt thi im cho, vi kh nng nng l ng ca chng

602- 01- 18
lu lng n c v.
Khi lng tng cng ca n c chy qua mt thit din cho ca
dng nc trong mt khong thi gian cho

602- 01- 19
kh nng nng lng (ca mt hay nhiu cng tr n h thu
in).
Lng in nng m lu lng nc v, c hiu chnh bi cc iu
kin th ng ngun, c th sn xut ra c trong nh ng iu
kin ti u trong khong thi gian cho

602- 01- 20
kh nng nng lng trung bn h (ca mt hay nhiu cng
tr n h thu in).
Trung bnh ca kh nng nng lng ca mt hay nhiu cng
trnh thu in trong mt thi k pht trin nht nh, c
xc nh trong cng mt thi k v cho cng nhiu nm cng
tt

602- 01- 21
h s kh nng nng lng (ca mt hay nhiu cng tr n h
thu in).
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T s ca kh nng nng lng qua mt thi gian cho vi kh

nng nng lng trung bnh trong cng mt thi gian

602- 01- 22
nh my nhit in.
Mt nh my in trong in nng c sn xut
cch chuyn i t nhit nng

ra bng

Ghi ch.- nhit nng c th nhn c t cc ngun khc

nhau

602- 01- 23
nh my nhit in kiu c.
Mt nh my nhit in trong nhit nng nhn c t t
than hay hydro- ccbon

602- 01- 24
in v nhit hn hp.
Vic sn xut nhit c dng cho nh ng mc ch khng in
v cho sn xut in nng

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602- 01- 25
tch lu kh nn.
S vn hnh qua kh c nn, lm lnh v lu gi trong bnh
cha t nhin

602- 01- 26
nh my in kh nn.
Mt nh my in c trang b tua bin kh s dng kh nn l u
gi

602- 01- 27
nh my in (nhit) nguy n t.
Mt nh my nhit in trong nhit nng thu c nh phn
ng nguyn t

602- 01- 28
nh my in a nhit.
Mt nh my nhit in trong nng l ng nhit c trch ra
t cc vng thch hp ca v tri t

602- 01- 29
nh my in mt tri.
Mt nh my in sn xut in nng t bc x mt tri trc
tip nh hiu ng quang in, hay gin tip bi s bin i
nhit

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602- 01- 30
nh my in gi.
Mt nh my in trong nng l ng gi c chuyn i
thnh in nng

602- 01- 31
nh my in nhit t- thu- ng.
nh my in TTD.
Mt nh my nhit in sn xut ra in nng nh tc ng
ca mt tr ng in t trn mt dng plasma.

602- 01- 32
nh my in gradie n nhit bin hay i d ng .
Mt nh my nhit in sn xut ra in nng nh s khc
nhau gi a cc nhit b mt ca i d ng/bin v nhit
su hn

602- 01- 33
pin nhin liu.
Mt my pht in s dng ho nng trc tip bng ion ho v
oxy ho nhin liu

Tit 6 0 2 -0 2 L p t v t hit b p ht in

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602- 02- 01
nh m my pht in.
Mt nhm cc my quay chuyn i nhit nng hoc c nng
thnh in nng

602- 02- 02
nh m ng c.
Mt nhm cc my quay bin i in nng thnh c nng

602- 02- 03
t my thu in.
Mt t my pht in gm mt tua bin thu lc ni c kh vi
mt my pht in

602- 02- 04
t my thu in thun nghch .
Mt t my quay m bo chc nng kp sn xut in hoc
bm

602- 02- 05
p.
Mt cng trnh gi n c chy vo phc v cho nh ng mc
ch xc nh.

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602- 02- 06
p kiu trng lng
Mt p c xy bng b tng v/hay n m s n nh c
m bo bng trng lng ca n

602- 02- 07
p kiu vm.
Mt p bng b tng v/hay n c un cong chuyn phn
ln p xut nc ln t ng chng mt bn

602- 02- 08
p t.
Mt p bng t nn m qu na tng th tch to thnh bi
cc vt liu ht mn nn chc

602- 02- 09
ng ng chu p.
Mt ng ng dn nc c p xut ti tua bin

602- 02- 10
h trn;
Mt h cha nc c b mt h lm gim hu qu ca sng p
xut sc trong ng ng chu p
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602- 02- 11
tua bin kiu xung.
Mt tua bin trong mt cht lng tc ng ch yu bng
ng nng ca n

602- 02- 12
tua bin kiu phn lc.
Mt tua bin trong mt cht lng tc ng va bng ng
nng va bng p xut ca n

602- 02- 13
tua bin Pelton.
Mt tua bin kiu xung thu lc th ng vn hnh t mt thc n c
cao vi lu lng nh

602- 02- 14
tua bin Francis.
Mt tua bin thu lc kiu phn lc c nh ng cnh h ng c nh
th ng vn hnh nh ng thc n c c chiu cao trung bnh hay
thp vi lu lng trung bnh

602- 02- 15
tua bin Kaplan.

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Mt tua bin thu lc kiu phn lc loi trc m rto c nh n g

cnh hng iu chnh c, vn hnh vi lu lng cao

602- 02- 16
t my loi bc kn.
Mt t my thu in c v bc kn cha my pht in v tua
bin c t chm trong dng chy

602- 02- 17
tua bin - cnh qut.
Mt tua bin kiu Kaplan vi nh ng cnh h ng khng iu chnh
c, ph hp vi chiu cao ct n c khng thay i

602- 02- 18
h cha n c b.
Mt h cha iu chnh lu lng nc ca sng v cc nh my
thu in h lu

602- 02- 19
t my nhit in.
Tp hp to thnh mt n v vn hnh th ng bao gm mt ni
hi, mt t my pht nhit in, mt my bin p v cc thit
b ph tr ca chng

602- 02- 20

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t my nhit in.
Mt t my pht gm mt ng c nhit s cp ni c vi mt
hoc nhiu my pht in

602- 02- 21
t my tua bin my pht.
Mt t my nhit in trong ng c s cp l mt tua bin
hi
Ghi ch:- Trong lnh vc sn xut in nng,
vic thc t loi tr s dng cc my pht dng
xoay chiu gii thch ngha hn ch hn ca
thut ng dng trong ting Php

602- 02- 22
t my ng c t trong .
Mt t my nhit in trong ng c s cp l mt ng
c t trong

602- 02- 23
t my tua bin kh.
T my
kh

nhit in trong ng c s cp l mt tua bin

602- 02- 24
t my ng ng t.
Mt t my tua bin- my pht trong tua bin l loi ng ng t

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602- 02- 25
t my ng ng t vi thit b lm nng li.
Mt my ng ng t vi thit b lm nng li hi n c sau khi gin
n ln u trong tua bin

602- 02- 26
t my i p.
T my tua bin -my pht trong tua bin l loi i p

602- 02- 27
my pht in chnh.
My pht in m in nng sn xut ra c chuyn ton b
hoc mt phn vo h thng hoc trc tip n ng i s dng

602- 02- 28
my pht in t dng.
Mt my pht in m in nng sn xut ra c cung cp cho
nh ng cng vic t dng trong nh my in

602- 02- 29
nh n g thit b t dng ca mt t hp
Bt k thit b t dng chuyn dng cho nh my v cn thit
cho s vn hnh ca n
V d : my nghin, my bm tun hon, qut thng gi

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602- 02- 30
cc thit b t dng chung .
Tp hp cc thit b t dng chung cho t hp v cho nh my
in
V d: chiu sng, my nn kh

602- 02- 31
T my bin p - my pht in
my bin p hp b .
Mt my bin p u vo cc ca my pht in qua n cng
xut ra ca my pht in c truyn ti vo h thng

602- 02- 32[33 ]

my bin p t dng ca mt n v.
[ca mt nh my in].
My bin p dng cung cp in cho cc cng vic t dng
ca mtt hp
[ca mt nh my in]

602- 02- 34
ni hi.
Mt thit b m chc nng l lm cho n c bc hi di p xut,
to qu nhit v, trong mt vi tr ng hp lm nng li hi n c

602- 02- 35
ni hi tun hon t nhin.
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Mt ni hi trong s tun hon c to ra bi i lu v trong

bao hi tch trng thi n c ra khi trng thi hi

602- 02- 36
ni hi tun hon c ng bc .
ni hi mt ng.
Mt ni hi mch h trong n c bm vo b bc hi, v hi
c qu nhit trong cng mt ng

602- 02- 37
ni hi tun hon iu khin.
Mt ni hi loi tun hon t nhin trong tc tun hon
nc c tng bi mt bm

602- 02- [38 ] [ 3 9 ] [40]

ni hi kiu nhin liu phun
hi cht t lng ].

[ni hi cht t kh ][n i

Mt ni hi c thit k cho loi nhin liu dng bi

602- 02- 41
ni hi t trung gian
Ni hi t bng than, than nghin c lu gi tr c khi a vo
bung t

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602- 02- 42
ni hi t trc tip
Mt ni hi than bt trong than nghin c a thng ngay
vo l

602- 02- 43
ni hi tng si.
Mt ni hi trong than nghin c duy tr l lng bi mt
lung kh nng ln trong khi t chy.

602- 02- 44
hi qu nhit.
Hi nhit cao hn nhit bo ho ti mt p xut cho

602- 02- 45
b qu nhit.
Mt b phn ca ni hi ti hi sn xut ra c qu nhit

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602- 02- 46
thit b lm nng li.
Mt b phn ca ni hi trong hi ht ra ca b phn p lccao c qu nhit li

602- 02- 47
tua bin hi.
Mt tua bin m cht lng lm quay l hi.

602- 02- 48
tua bin hi ng ng t.
Mt tua bin dng bnh ng ng t lm lnh bng n c lm lnh
hi thot ra

602- 02- 49
tua bin hi ng ng t c rt hi.
Mt tua bin hi ng ng t c rt mt phn n g k hi cho cc
nhu cu khc ngoi sn xut in

602- 02- 50
xi- lanh (ca mt tua bin hi).

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Mt trong nh ng phn th n my tua bin hi trong t

phn ln cc b phn tnh
Ghi ch 1- trong mt tua bin c ba xi- lanh, theo p
xut hi vo,
c:
xi- lanh H.P (p xut cao)
xi- lanh I.P (p xut trung bnh)
xi- lanh L.P (p xut thp)
2- Trong mt ngha rng hn, c tp hp ca
thn (casing) v rto
(rotor) c th c gi l
xi- lanh (cylinder)

602- 02- 51
truyn ng trc chung .
Mt tp hp cc rto ghp trn cng mt trc

602- 02- 52
t my mt trc.
Mt b gm tua bin hi nhiu xi- lanh v mt my pht trn mt
ng truyn ng trc chung

602- 02- 53
t my nhiu trc
Mt hp b gm tua bin hi c nhiu xi- lanh vi nh ng trc tch
ring mi ci ko mt my pht chnh

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602- 02- 54
b iu tc.
Mt thit b iu chnh hi vo ca tua bin nhm duy tr tc
quay mt tr s yu cu

602- 02- 55
b chng v t tc.
Mt thit b m chc nng l ng hi vo ca tua bin nhm
mc ch hn ch tc quay khi bt th nh lnh mt ti

602- 02- 56
b ng ng t.
Mt thit b trao i nhit, l ngun lnh trong mt chu
trnh hi kn v lm ng ng t hi thot ra ca tua bin

602- 02- 57
thp lm lnh.
Mt thit b trao i nhit ca n c/khng kh c tc dng lm
lnh nc tun hon ca b ng ng t trong mt mch kn

602- 02- 58
thp lm lnh kh.
Mt cu trc trong b ng ng t lm lnh n c khng
tip xc vi khng kh

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602- 02- 59
thp lm lnh m.
Mt cu trc trong b ng ng t lm lnh nc trc tip tip xc
vi khng kh

602- 02- 60
thp lm lnh thng gi c ng bc.
Mt thp lm lnh trong dng khng kh c tng mt cch
nh n to

Tit 6 0 2 -0 3 V n h n h cc n h m y p ht in

602- 03- 01
khi ng lnh t my nhit in.
Qu tr nh m t my pht c tng tc , my c ho vo h
thng v mang ti sau mt thi gian di khng vn hnh

602- 03- 02
khi ng nng t my nhit in .
Qu trnh m mt my pht c tng tc , my c ho vo
h thng v mang ti sau thi gian ngn khng vn hnh khng
thay i qu nhiu tnh trng nhit ca tua bin

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602- 03- 03
ph ti an ton ti thiu ca mt t my .
Mc cng xut m mt t my khng th duy tr vn hnh lin
tc thp hn m khng c nguy him x ra, t nht, cho mt
trong cc b phn ca n

602- 03- 04
cng xut pht ra th ca mt t my.
Cng xut in sn xut ti cc cc ca my pht chnh v ph
ca t my

602- 03- 05
cng xut th pht ra bi mt nh my in.
Cng xut in sn xut ti cc cc ca cc my pht chnh v
ph ca mt nh my in

602- 03- 06
cng xut tinh pht ra bi mt t my pht.
Cng xut pht ra th tr cng xut in tiu th bi cc cng
vic t dng lin kt -

602- 03- 07

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cng xut pht ra tinh ca mt nh my in.

Cng xut pht ra tr cng xut tiu th bi cc cng vic t dng
lin kt v tr
nh ng tn tht ca cc my bin p lin kt
02- 03- 08[09 ]
cng xut ti a ca mt t hp [mt nh my in].
Cng xut ti a c th c sn xut bi mt n v [mt nh
my in], ch vn hnh lin tc vi tt c cc thnh phn
ca n u trong trng thi hot ng
Ghi ch:-

Cng xut c th l th hoc tinh

602- 03- 10
kh nng qu ti .
Ti cao nht c th c duy tr trong mt thi gian ngn

602- 03- 11[12 ]

cng xut sn sng ca mt t hp [ca mt nh my
in ].
Cng xut ti a mt t hp [mt nh my in] c th
vn hnh lin tc nh ng iu kin thc t
Ghi ch :- cng xut ny c th tinh hoc th.

602- 03- 13
nhu cu cng xut ca mt h thn g Cng xut phi c cung cp cho mt h thng p ng nhu
cu

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602- 03- 14
cng xut d phng ca mt h thng .
chnh lch gia cng xut tng sn sng ca h thng v
nhu cu cng xut ca h thng

602- 03- 15
d tr quay ca h thn g .
chnh lch gi a cng xut tng sn sng ca tt c cc my
pht in ni vo h thng v ti thc t ca chng

602- 03- 16
d phng nng .
Cng xut tng sn c ca cc my pht sn sng khi ng
ng nhanh vo h thng

602- 03- 17
d phng ngui .
Cng xut tng sn sng ca cc my pht d phng m vic
khi ng c th ko di vi gi

602- 03- 18
nng lng buc phi dng .

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Nng lng s cp m s tiu th ca n khng th c chm tr

v n s b lng ph nu khng bin i thnh in
V d : nng lng dng chy ca sng

602- 03- 19[20 ]

xut tiu hao nhit trung bn h th[tinh ] ca mtt hp
Trong mt thi gian cho, t s ca nhit nng ca cht t
tiu th vi in nng th [tinh] sn xut bi mt t hp trong
cng mt thi gian

602- 03- 21[22 ]

hiu xut nhit th[tinh ] ca mt t hp
Trong mt thi gian cho, t s ca in nng th [tinh] pht
ra bi mt t hp vi nhit nng ca cht t tiu th trong cng
mt thi gian bi cng mt t hp

602- 03- 23
ti kinh t ca mt t my
Ti t ng ng vi im t thiu ca ng cong biu th quan
h ca xut tiu hao nhit vi ph ti

602- 03- 24

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IEC

29

h s ti ca mt t my
T s ca nng lng sn xut bi mt n v trong mt thi gian
cho vi nng lng s sn xut c nu vn hnh ti cng xut
ln nht trong cng thi gian .

602- 03- 25[26 ]

thi gian s dng cng xut ti a ca mt t my [nhiu
t my ] .
Thng s ca nng lng sn xut bi mt t my [ nhiu t
my ] trong mt thi gian cho vi dung lng ti a t ng ng.

602- 03- 27
h s s dng cng xut ti a ca mt t my .
t my n v trong mt thi gian cho vi nng l ng n s
pht ra nu n chy cng xut ln nht trong cng thi gian

602- 03- 28
cch ly mt t my
Bin php khn cp bao gm tch mt t my duy tr vic
cp in cho cc t dng ca chnh n

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