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Annexure 5 HYDRAULIC DESIGN OF BPT @ CH 42.

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! ON DESHNO

"ODHIYASI TRANS!ISSION !AIN


#.$ S%&'e( De&)r*+'*,n The flow diagram from clear water pumping station to BPT at ch 42.75 km, and further flow to Junction Jodhiyasi !" is enclosed.

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Ex-(*n-'*,n ,. P*+e/*ne +r,.*/e .,r Sur0e -&+e)'&1 #f entire 72.5$5 km of transmission main is designed as pumping main during power failure the to peak at ch 42.75 km shall e%perience se&er negati&e pressure resulting in water column separation at ch 42.75 km. '()ectiona(le o&erpressure shall (e generated, which may cause (ursting of the pipeline. #n order to o&ercome o()ectiona(le situation two solution as follows can (e adopted. *2 *ir &essel can (e pro&ided at P+ ,ch - km. of such si/e and design that down surge in the peak is restricted to a(o&e the ele&ation of pipeline. 0owe&er on analysis, it is found that air &essel &olume is &ery high a(out $--- m1. +uch e%pensi&e solution is not ad&isa(le. **2 #t is seen that 023 at ch is 124.52 i.e. (arely 1.75 m a(o&e the 23. 0ere two solution are possi(le

Pr,3*4e S'-n4+*+e5 0owe&er standpipe admits air in the system which is non desira(le. +econdly at )unction entire water hammer wa&e is not reflected. Thus, downstream pipeline is not completely free from the water hammer pressures. Pr,3*4e BPT5 6erits of BPT is that water hammer wa&e is fully reflected from the BPT. 0ence downstream pipeline is totally free from the water hammer. *nother ad&antage of introducing BPT is that downstream pipeline functions as gra&ity main due to which shell thickness can (e reduced. 6.$ O78e)'*3e& ,. '9e An-/%&*& '()ecti&e of the analysis is to (e determine i. ii. 4.$ +i/e and hydraulic le&els for stage # flow 2$4.25 63d as well as 25-.74 63d for stage ## with 22 hrs per day pumping. 'ptimi/ation of BPT from aspects of cost and energy conser&ation.

A++r,-)9 .,r H%4r-u/*) De&*0n ,. BPT ,a. T:L ,Top !ater 3e&el. T!3 in BPT shall (e ma%imum of the two !3s (elow7 i. +teady state 023 for stage ## flow of 1.$55 m 18s which correspond to 25-.74 63d in 22 hrs. ii. iii. ;-2 6a%imum !3 attained under unsteady flow during start up of pumps &alue for a(o&e calculations shall (e $. O3er./,< Le3e/ '&er flow shall (e at least -.5 m a(o&e T!3 or 023 at 9-.:5 for 25-.74 63d flow ,(. L:L , 3ow !ater 3e&el . -n4 B,'',( ,. BPT

3!3 shall (e (ased on steady state 023 at design

&alue and stage #

flow 2.424 m18s which correspond to 2$4.25 63d in 22 hrs. ;)2 O+'*(u( T-n= D*-(e'er -n4 :-'er De+'9 *s discussed a(o&e, analysis for unsteady flow to determine ma%imum !3 attained in BPT during !3 rise due to starting of pumps will (e calculated. 6a%imum !3 rise shall (e higher if tank diameter is less. *s tank diameter is increased !3 rise will reduce. Thus water depth re;uired is more if tank diameter is less and &ice &ersa. Based on tank diameters, water depths re;uired are worked out and therefore &olume of tank for particular tank diameter is calculated. 'ptimum solution is one which gi&es least tank &olume. ,d. E>u-'*,n& .,r Un&'e-4% F/,< An-/%&*& <or optimi/ation in ,c. a(o&e, unsteady flow analysis is carried out using following principles. i. ontinuity of <low #nflow to BPT is from pumps. Part of incoming flow outflows through pipeline and (alance accumulates in BPT causing !3 rise. 0ence =pump !here =pump =pipe =tank ii. 9 =tank > =pipe ????? ,$.

9 #nflow into BPT from pump 9 = passing out through gra&ity mains 9 = accumulating and causing !3 rise in BPT

Bernoulli@s A;uation for Bnsteady <low Curing unsteady flow i.e during start up of pumps as well as stoppage of pumps, acceleration or deceleration takes place. 0ence acceleration head is included in Bernoulli@s e;uation as shown in figure (elow. T , BPT . " ,"eser&oir.
ZR 3

DT 9 D"> 0f T" > 0a T"

0f 9

1.245$.4$ % $.$ % $$.4$ % ::4.52

5--- > 24755 $.74.4$ $.54.4$

9 15.415 E 9 0f =$.4$ 9 9

15.415 1.245$.4$ 9 4.127 DT 9 D"> 0f T" > 0a T" !here DT 0f 0a 0a, 9 023 in BPT 9 <riction loss in pipeline T" 9 *cceleration head ????? ,2.

*cceleration head is gi&en (y 0a 9 L V g t L Q g * p t

9 !here 3 F= Ft *p g 0a 9 9 3$ > *P$ 5--32 *P2 > %

????? ,1.

9 3ength of pipeline T" 9 Gariation ,increase 8 decrease. in = pipe during Ft time inter&al 9 * small time inter&al, usually -.5 H $.- s. 9 ross sectional area of pipeline

9 *cceleration due to gra&ity F= g % $.24755


4
.

F=

-.7454 % $.72 9 ,22-2.41

-.7454 % $.52 % F=
.

:.4$ 9 $551.$- F=

> $4-$4.-: .

<rom the e;uation $ and 2, further e;uations are de&eloped for numerical analysis for unsteady flow. 5.$ E>u-'*,n& .,r Nu(er*)-/ An-/%&*& .,r Un&'e-4% ./,< A;uations for numerical analysis are as follows7 "eproducing e;uation $ =pump 9 =pipe > =tank 0ence =pump I Ft 9 =pipe I Ft > =tank I Ft 9 =pipe I Ft > *tank I Fh !here Fh Therefore, 9 !3 rise during small time inter&al Ft

Fh 9 =pump % Ft H =pipe % Ft *tank 9 2.4247 % Ft J =pipe % Ft *tank 9 1.245 % :.- J =pipe ,i. > Fh 2 9 -.7454 % CTank '(li&iously DT , i > $ . 9 DT ,i. > Fh

????? ,4.

????? ,5.

!here i and i > $ are any instance and ne%t instance after Ft inter&al. <rom e;uation 2 and 1, L Q g Ap t DT ,i > $. 9 2:2.24 > E=i$.4$ > $551.$- % F= g Ap t 0ence F= 9 ,DT J D" J 0fT" . I 3 DT 9 D" > 0fT" >
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9 KDT ,i>$. H 2:2.24 H 4.125 =pipe ,i.$.4$L 8 $551.$<or numerical analysis and since difference in magnitudes of D T ,i. and DT ,i>$. are &ery small, known &alue of pre&ious iteration can (e taken. The e;uation for F= can (e written as, g Ap t

F= 9 KDT,i>$. J D" J 0fT"L I

????? ,5. 3 9 KDT ,i>$. H 2:2.24 H 4.125 =pipe ,i.$.4$L 8 $551.$-

'(&iously, =pipe ,i > $ . 9 =pipe ,i. > F= ????? ,7.

+imilarly 0fT" shall (e computed for last known &alue of =pipe i.e. =pipe , i.. ?.$ 5.$ De'er(*n-'*,n ,. S'e-4% S'-'e HGL -n4 L:L ,. BPT .,r @ A 2.B24 ( 6C& ;S'-0e I2 -n4 @ A 6.245 (6C& ; S'-0e II 2 +teady +tate 023 0a/en !illiam@s e;uation is used for computing friction losses. Galues as follow are used for ,0J! coefficient . as shown in the flow diagram. 9 $ ,a. +tage ## The steady state friction losses including assumed $-M losses as minor losses are as under7 0f 9 15.415 m *ll pipes of 6+ c.m. lined

0ence 023 9 2:2.24 > 15.415 9 124.55 m T9u& &'e-4% &'-'e HGL .,r @ A 6.245 (6C& *& 62B.5? (. ,(. +tage # 'n similar analysis, it can (e seen that for stage #, the &alues areN
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0f 023BPT 5.2 3!3 and Bottom of BPT

A 24.145 m 9 12-.54 m

Bottom of BPT shall (e -.5 m Below 023 ie -.5 m (elow 12-.-5 0ence (ottom of BPT 5.1 9 9 12-.54J -.54 12- m

<+3 ,<ull +upply 3e&el. of BPT and '&erflow 3e&el <ully supply le&el of BPT shall (e ma%imum steady state 023 for stage ## <+3 '&erflow 3e&el 9 9 124.2$ m "3 9 124.2112.$ m

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!ater Cepth '&erflow 3e&el 3!3 "e;uired water depth 9 9 9 9 112.$ m 12-.55 m 112.$- H 12-.$2.$ m

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An-/%&*& .,r O+'*(u( ,. D'-n= !3 rise in BPT J Phenomenon Cescription Bsing e;uations 4 through 7, the analysis is carried out from no flow condition at T 9 - during start up of pumps. *t T9-, o(&iously DT 9 2:2.24 m as per T!3 in Jodhiyasi !"which corresponds to Oo flow condition. *s (ottom of BPT is 12-.- m "3. '(&iously D T shall initially (e in outlet pipe of BPT and shall (e much (elow (ottom tank *s pumps started initially, the downstream pipe of BPT gets filled in till D T reaches 12-.- m which is (ottom of BPT. <urther !3 rise takes place in BPT.

7.2

Oumerical *nalysis
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Bsing e;uations 4 to 7 numerical analysis is carried (y iterations from, no flow condition till !3 in BPT (ecomes nearly steady. #terations are (ased onN i. ii. iii. 7.1 Time inter&al Ft 9 -.: second till !3 reaches (ottom of tank i.e. 12-.- m and Ft 9 $ second thereafter 3ast known &alues of DT and =pipe are taken for ne%t iteration. *t T9-, =pipe 9 - and DT 9 D" 9 2:2.24 m

*nalysis with &arious diameter are carried out using the methodology and e;uation descri(ed a(o&e #t is found that the tank diameter of :.- m and water depth of $2.$ m gi&e optimum solution

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"esults of *nalysis "esults of analysis for 1.$55 m18s 63d flow in with 7.- m tank diameter stage ## are as follows Parameter #nitial !3 6a%imum !3 attained Time for ,ii. =pipe at ,iii. =system +teady state 023 1.245 m18s 2:2.24 at T 9 - and 12-. m tank (ottom 124.55 m 5:$ s 1.245 m18s 1.245 m18s 124.55

i. ii. iii. i&. &. &i.

#t is seen from ,ii. and ,&i. that ma%imum !3s attained and steady state 023s are practically same. Thus !3 rise under unsteady flow does not o&ershoot steady state !3. #t is also seen from ,i&. and ,&. that = pipe at ma%imum !3 and =system are same. Thus the system flow is sta(ili/ed at T 9 54- s for stage ##. 7.5 onclusions and "ecommendations #t is thus seen from the results of analysis that BPT of :.- m diameter with 3!3 at 12-.55 m is ade;uate e&en. #t is recommended to pro&ide BPT with following parameters.

Tank diameter 3!3 ,Bottom of Tank. <+3 ,T!3. '&erflow le&el !ater depth ,'&erflow le&el H 3!3. Golume of BPT proposed ,4.- m I 4 m depth. :.5 <inal Cesign Galues
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9 9 9 9 9 9

:.- m 12-.- m "3 124.55- m "3 112.$ m "3 :.- m 77- m1

,'&erflow le&el. '&erflow 3aunders

328.56 m ,<+3. mmm

9.0 m dia Inlet 320. 0 Outlet

Tank (ottom

320.58

Type Ciameter Bottom '&erflow le&el Type of o&erflow

J J J J J

2round le&el tank :.- m 12-.- m "3 112.$ m "3 Peripheral !eir of :.- m weir length at 11$.2 m "3 to (e collected in launders for passing to drain ,<or wear design, refer $-.- (elow. i. ii. iii. Crain &al&e Both inlet and outlet at -.2 m a(o&e tank (ottom *ccess staircase 8 ladder to top of tank
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*dditional features

i&. #$.$

BPT shall (e with "

roof top

O3er./,< :e*r De&*0n *s = is &ery high, o&erflow weir is necessary. *s per P0AA' manual, = 9 -.544 % -.454 % P g % ,( H -.$ nh. % h$.5 !here = ( h n 9 9 9 9 '&erflow rate, 1.245 m18s length of weir head raise e&en the weir, adopted -.4 m num(er of end contraction, ,2 in this case. K -.544 % -.45: % P:.4$ % ,( H -.2 h. % h$.5L ,$.472$ ( H -.2:44 h. h$.5 $.472$ ( H -.2:44 % -.4. -.4$.5 K1.245 > -.$$74L 8 $.472$ -.4$.5 4.7: m :.- m

0ence 1.$55 9 9 9 9 9 9 ##.$ En)/,&ure&5 *2 **2

"esults of Oumerical *nalysis first page and last page. Cr ". O #ngale paper on BPT +i/ing

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