Lecture 6 Thursday, January 23, 2014

Fluid Mechanics
Chapter 2:
Pressure Distribution in a Fluid Part IV
Week 3 Lecture Notes J. Levison ENGG 2230 Winter

Todays Lecture

Do buoyancy (stability) example Pressure distribution in rigid body motion

Linear acceleration

References

F.M. White, Fluid Mechanics, McGraw-Hill, 2011.

Notes & Slides Outline

2-8: Buoyancy and Stability (cont. ) 2-9: Pressure Distribution in Rigid-Body Motion

Finishing Chapter 2 and starting Chapter 3 next week

Example 2.6:

A barge is 4.5 m wide and 12 m long and floats with a draft of 1.2 m. It is piled so high with gravel that its centre of gravity is 0.6 m above the waterline. Is it stable?
[draft = vertical distance between the waterline and the bottom of the hull]

Fluids in motion

Were almost ready to start studying this BUT, first we can study one category using fluid statics concepts

Whole fluid moves as if it were a rigid (i.e., nondeforming) body

Individual particles are not deforming (even though they might be in motion) Examples:
1) fluid traveling on a tank in a train (linear acceleration) 2) cylinder of liquid in rotation at a constant angular speed (rigidbody rotation)
7

Rigid Body Motion

A special case where all particles are in combined translation and rotation with no relative motion between particles Sometimes referred to as relative equilibrium With no relative motion, there are no shear strains or strain rates Accelerating fluid will tilt under uniform rigid body acceleration (like an accelerating glass of water)
8

Accelerating Fluid

(White: Fig. E2.13)

Tilting of Fluid in Rigid Body Acceleration

(White: Fig. 2.21)

10

Example 2.7:

a. b.

c.

The tank of liquid in the figure accelerates to the right with the fluid in rigid body motion. Compute ax in m/s2 Why doesnt the solution in part a depend on the fluid density? Determine the gauge pressure at point A if the fluid is glycerin at 20C.

(White)

11

Example 2.8:

a. b.

c.

The same tank as before is now moving with constant acceleration up a 30 inclined plane. Assuming rigid body acceleration compute: The acceleration, a Whether the acceleration is upwards or downwards Determine the gauge pressure at point A if the fluid is mercury at 20C.
12

(White)

Rigid Body Rotation

Another special case where fluid is rotating about the z-axis without translation Assume fluid rotating long enough to attain rigid body rotation (no more sloshing) Height of fluid will increase in container (like rapidly stirring coffee) and forms a parabolic surface

(White)

13

Homework

Assignment #2 finish by Sunday

(Assignment 1 solutions were posted last Sunday)

Read Sections 3.1 3.5

Reminder for Week 2 lab groups:

Lab reports due by 5 pm one week after you perform the lab Submission box #12 in THRN Review marking scheme in the lab manual
14