CHUYN : TN GI CA MT S CHT HP CHT

Bin son: Thy Ng Xun Qunh T: 0979.817.885 E_mail: admin@hoahoc.org

Website: http://www.hoahoc.org Trang 1/5
H THNG TN RING CA CC CHT V C & HU C
STT Cng thc Tn ring Ghi ch
HP CHT V C
Cha vi, phn, hoa (Cha CaCO
3
) Khong vt Canxit
MgCO
3
Magiezit
CaCO
3
.MgCO
3
olomit
N
2
H
4
Hirazin
(NH
2
)
2
CO Ure
Hn hp 75% KNO
3
, 10% S, 15% C Thuc n en
3Ca
3
(PO
4
)
2
.CaF
2
Qung Apatit
Ca
3
(PO
4
)
2
Qung Photphorit
Hn hp Ca
3
(PO
4
)
2
v CaSO
4
Supephotphat n
Ca(H
2
PO
4
)
2
Supephotphat kp
Hn hp ca (NH
4
)
2
HPO
4
v KNO
3
Nitrophotka
Hn hp mui NH
4
H
2
PO
4
v (NH
4
)
2
HPO
4
Amophot

Hn hp kh thu c khi cho hi nc i qua
than nung :
0
1050
2 2
C
C H O CO H

+ +

Kh than t: Cha 44%
CO, cn li l CO
2
, H
2
, N
2
,


Thi khng kh qua than nung
0
2
2
t
C CO CO

+


Kh l ga (kh than kh) cha
25% lng CO

SiO
2
Ct
Al
2
O
3
.2SiO
2
.2H
2
O Cao lanh
3MgO. 2SiO
2
.2H
2
O Xecpentin
Na
2
O.Al
2
O
3
.6SiO
2
Fenspat
Dung dch m c ca Na
2
SiO
3
v K
2
SiO
3
Thy tinh lng

Na
2
O.CaO.6SiO
2

6SiO
2
+ CaCO
3
+ Na
2
CO
3
0
1400 C
Na
2
O.CaO.6SiO
2
+ 2CO
2


Thy tinh thng thng

Thay Na
2
CO
3
bng K
2
CO
3

K
2
O.CaO.6SiO
2

Thy tinh kali

Ca
3
SiO
5
(hoc 3CaO.SiO
2
), Ca
2
SiO
4
(hoc
2CaO.SiO
2
), Ca
3
(AlO
3
)
2
(hoc 3CaO.Al
2
O
3
).
Xi mng Pooclng
Na
3
AlF
6
hoc 3NaF.AlF
3
Criolit
Qung cha FeO.Cr
2
O
3
(c ln Al
2
SO
3
v SiO
2
) Qung cromit
Qung cha Fe
2
O
3
khan Qung hematit
Qung cha Fe
2
O
3
.nH
2
O Qung hematit nu
Qung cha FeCO
3
Qung xierit
Qung cha FeS
2
Qung Pirit
HCN Axit xianua
Qung cha Fe
3
O
4
Manhetit
Fe
3
C Xementit
FeS
2
Pyrit st
K
2
SO4.Al
2
(SO
4
)
3
. 24H
2
O hay KAl(SO
4
)
2
. 12H
2
O Phn chua

Trong cng thc ca phn chua, ta thay ion K
+

bng Li
+
, Na
+
, hay
4
NH
+

Mui kp (phn nhm)
Ca
3
(PO
4
)
2
Photphorit
3Ca
3
(PO
4
)
2
.CaF
2
Apatit
Al
2
O
3
.2SiO
2
.2H
2
O Cao lanh
ZnS Sphalerit
ZnCO
3
Ganmay
HgS Kinova
CHUYN : TN GI CA MT S CHT HP CHT
Bin son: Thy Ng Xun Qunh T: 0979.817.885 E_mail: admin@hoahoc.org
Website: http://www.hoahoc.org Trang 2/5
KCl.MgCl
2
.6H
2
O Khong cht Cacnalit
NaCl.KCl Khong cht Xinvinit
CaF
2
Khong vt Florit
NaCl.KI Mui iot
(NH
2
)
2
CO m ure
75% KNO
3
, 10% S v 15% C Thuc n en
Na
2
CO
3
khan S a khan
CaSO
4
Thch cao khan
CaSO
4
.H
2
O hoc CaSO
4
.0,5H
2
O Thch cao nung
CaSO
4
.2H
2
O Thch cao sng
NaNO
3
Dim tiu
NaHCO
3
Thuc mui
Fe-Sn St ty
Fe -Zn Tn
Cu-Ni (Cha 25% Ni) ng bch
Cu-Zn (Cha 45% Zn) ng thau
Hp kim Cu Sn ng Thanh
Cu-Au (2/3 l Cu v 1/3 l Au) Vng 9 cara
Cu(OH)
2
.CuCO
3
ng cacbonat bazo
Cu
2
O Cuprit
Thp cha 18% Crom Thp inoc
HP CHT HU C


Phn ng to ra
poli(vinyl clorua)
hay PVC

Poli(metyl
metacrylat)
(thy tinh hu c
PEXIGLAS)

Cao su buna S

Cao su buna N

Cao su isopren

T vinylic (c nhiu
nhm polivinyl)

T polieste
(c nhiu nhm
este)
CHUYN : TN GI CA MT S CHT HP CHT
Bin son: Thy Ng Xun Qunh T: 0979.817.885 E_mail: admin@hoahoc.org
Website: http://www.hoahoc.org Trang 3/5

T poliamit
(c nhiu nhm
amit CONH)

Polietilen (PE)
Hp cht ca protein
Anbumin hay lng trng
trng

H
2
N-[CH
2
]
4
-CH(NH
2
)-COOH
HOCO-[CH
2
]
2
-CH(NH
2
)-COOH Axit glutamic (Glu)
CH
3
-CH(CH
3
)-CH(NH
2
)-COOH Valin (Val
CH
3
-CH(NH
2
)-COOH Alanin (Ala)
H
2
N-CH
2
-COOH Glyxin (Gly)
H
2
N-(CH
2
)
4
-CH(NH
2
)-COOH
Axit o , c - amino Caproic
Hoc Lysin (Lys)

C
6
H
5
-NH
2
Anilin

Nhiu gc glucozo |
Xenlulozo

Nhiu gc glucozo o
Tinh bt
(Amilozo; Amilopectin)


glucozo glucozo o o +
Mantozo

glucozo fructozo o | +
Saccarozo
CH
2
OH-CHOH-CHOH-CHOH-CO-CH
2
OH Fructozo
CH
2
OH-CHOH-CHOH-CHOH-CHOH-CHO Glucozo

OH
NO
2
NO
2
O
2
N

Axit picric
C
15
H
31
COOH Axit panmitic
C
17
H
35
COOH Axit stearic

COOH
COOH

COOH
COOH

HOCO COOH

Axit phtalic
Axit isophtalic
Axit terephtalic

HOCO-[CH
2
]
4
-COOH Axit adipic
HOCO-CH
2
-CH
2
-COOH Axit Sucxinic
CH
2
=C(CH
3
)-COOH Metyl metacrilic
CH
2
=CH-COOH Axit acrilic
CH
3
[CH
2
]
4
CH=CH-CH
2
-C=CH-[CH
2
]
7
COOH Axit linoleic Dng cis
CHUYN : TN GI CA MT S CHT HP CHT
Bin son: Thy Ng Xun Qunh T: 0979.817.885 E_mail: admin@hoahoc.org
Website: http://www.hoahoc.org Trang 4/5
CH
3
[CH
2
]
7
CH=CH[CH
2
]
7
COOH Axit oleic
(CH
3
CO)
2
O Anhidrit axetic
HOCO-CH
2
-CH(OH)-COOH Axit malic C trong to
HOCO-CH(OH)-CH(OH)-COOH Axit tactric C trong nho

HOCO CH
2
C CH
2
COOH
OH
COOH

Axit xitric hay axit limonic C trong chanh
HOCO-COOH Axit oxalic
HOCO-CH
2
-COOH

Axit malonic
CH
3
-CO-CH
3
Axeton

Lipit : (RCOO)
3
C
3
H
5

(C
15
H
31
COO)
3
C
3
H
5
: Tripanmitin (rn) (C
17
H
33
COO)
3
C
3
H
5
: triolein ( lng )
(C
17
H
35
COO)
3
C
3
H
5
: tristearin ( rn )

C
6
H
5
-OH Phenol

OH
CH
3

OH
CH
3

OH C H
3

o-crezol
m-crezol
p-crezol


OH
OH

OH
OH

OH O H

Catechol
Rezoxinol
Hidroquinon


CH
2
CH CH
2
OH OH OH

Glixerol

CH
2
CH
2
OH OH

Etilen glicol
CH
2
=CH-CH
2
-OH Ancol anlyic

O
O Cl
Cl
Cl
Cl

ioxin
L ba cht cha
trong hng vn tn
cht c mu da
cam m quc
M ri xung
Vit Nam
L ha cht gy
nhng tai ha cc
k nguy him (ung
th, qoi thai, d
tt, )

Cl
Cl
Cl
OCH
2
COOH

(2,4,5 T)
Axit2,4,5triclophenoxiaxetic

Cl
Cl
OCH
2
COOH

(2,4-D)
Axit2,4diclophenoxiaxetic
CH
2
=CH-CH
2
-Cl Anlyl clorua


Naphtalen
CH
2
=CH
2
Etilen

2
CH CH C CH = Vinyl axetilen
CH
2
=CH-Cl Vinyl clorua
CH
2
=C(CH
3
)-CH=CH
2
Isopren
CH
2
=CH-CH=CH
2
Butadien
CH
2
=C=CH
2
Anlen
CHUYN : TN GI CA MT S CHT HP CHT
Bin son: Thy Ng Xun Qunh T: 0979.817.885 E_mail: admin@hoahoc.org
Website: http://www.hoahoc.org Trang 5/5
C
6
H
5
-CH
3
Toluen hay metylbenzen

CH
3
CH
3

CH
3
CH
3

CH
3
C H
3

o-Xilen
m- Xilen
p- Xilen


CH
3
NO
2
O
2
N
NO
2

2,4,6-trinitrotoluen
(TNT)


C
6
H
5
-CH(CH
3
)
2
C
C C

Cumen
C
6
H
5
-CH=CH
2
Stiren

CH
CH
3
CH
3
CH
2
CH
3

Isobutan

C
CH
3
CH
3
CH
3
CH
3

Neopentan
CH
2
=CH-COOCH
3
Metyl acrylat To thy tinh hu
c CH
2
=C(CH
3
)-COOCH
3
Metyl metacrylat
H-COO-C
2
H
5
Etyl fomiat c mi o chn.
H-COOCH
2
CH
2
CH(CH
3
)
2
Isoamyl fomat c mi mn
CH
3
COOCH
2
CH
2
CH(CH
3
)
2
Isoamyl axetat
Mi thm ca
chui
CH
3
-COOCH=CH
2
Vinyl axetat Dng lm cht do
C
6
H
5
COOCH=CH
2
vinyl benzoat
CH
3
COOC
6
H
5
phenyl axetat
CH
3
-COO-CH
2
-C
6
H
5
Benzyl axetat Mi hoa nhi


HO-C
6
H
4
-COOCH
3

Metyl salisylat
metyl-2-hidroxibenzoat)
c mi du gi.
CH
3
COOC
10
H
17
Geranyl axetat c mi hoa hng


Metyl 2-aminobenzoat c mi hoa cam.
OH
COOH

Axit Salixylic
(Axit o-hidroxibenzoic)


CH
3
-CH
2
-CH
2
-COOC
2
H
5

Etyl butirat v Etyl
propionat
c mi da
CH
3
-CH
2
-CH
2
-CH
2
-COOC
2
H
5
etyl isovalerat c mi to