CONSTRUCTION SAFETY & HEALTH MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

(ACCIDENT PREVENTION PROGRAM)

Written Sample Resources

SP #1 (Revised 06/13)

INTRODUCTION

This document is a tool to give assistance in developing a written Safety and Health Management System (SHMS). A SHMS is also referred to as an Accident revention rogram. A written accident prevention program is a re!uired part of fulfilling the re!uirement in M"#SHA $onstruction Safety Standard% art &. 'eneral Rules% Rule &&( (&) to have an Accident revention rogram. This document includes some sample language% notes% and additional resources to help you prepare your written accident prevention program. )ach company should tailor their own system and formulate safety procedures and rules applica*le to their own wor+ operations and wor+ environments. ,ailure to develop a written construction safety and health management system specific to your operation may result in a M"#SHA violation. We*site lin+s are provided throughout this document to guide you to M"#SHA Standards and other resource documents. Wor+place in-uries are preventa*le. A SHMS is your *est defense against wor+place in-uries. An effective SHMS has five primary elements.

Management $ommitment and lanning% )mployee "nvolvement% Wor+site Analysis% Ha/ard revention and $ontrol% Safety and Health Training.

This systematic approach integrates occupational safety and health o*-ectives into the company0s organi/ational structure. The results of a system approach include.

An effective system supports the organi/ation0s philosophy. Safety and health policies and goals are clearly communicated. Accounta*ility for implementing the system is understood and accepted. 1ong2term solutions are implemented rather than one2time fi3es. )valuation of results over time promotes continual improvement. An effective system positively impacts the company0s *ottom line.

Be sure to assess your work operations and include safety and health information that fits your specific needs, types of hazards, and the size and complexity of your business.

MIOSHA Safety and Health Standards

A good way to *egin the development of a SHMS is to determine which standards and rules apply to the wor+ *eing performed in your organi/ation. The chart *elow provides lin+s to M"#SHA standards. All standards can *e found at www.michigan.gov4mioshastandards.

Standards
C"nstr$ct "n Safety

Descr !t "n
5sed for construction activities including new installations% upgrades and large scope repairs. Typically used for wor+ activity in a manufacturing or other facility. $onstruction Safety standards may apply when wor+ activities are related to 6new7 construction pro-ects. Applies to all esta*lishments.

L n#
C"nstr$ct "n Safety Standards
Or www.michigan.gov/mioshastandards and select onstruction.!

General Ind$stry

General Ind$stry Standards

Or www.michigan.gov/mioshastandards and select "eneral #ndustry.!

Ad% n strat &e

Ad% n strat &e R$les

Or www.michigan.gov/mioshastandards and select $dministrative %ules.!

C"nstr$ct "n Health

C"nstr$ct "n Health Health standards apply to all Or www.michigan.gov/mioshastandards and construction activities. Some of select onstruction.! the more common include. Ha/ard $ommunication% Silica% 1ead% As*estos% and Respirators.

CONSTRUCTION SAFETY & HEALTH MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

(ACCIDENT PREVENTION PROGRAM)

FOR

($ompany 8ame) (Address) (8ame of #wner4$)#)

TA'LE OF CONTENTS
Topic ........................................................................................... age Mana(e%ent C"%% t%ent and )lann n(.....................................9 Sample Safety and Health olicy.............................................9 Sample Safety and Health #*-ectives......................................: ;esignated Safety $oordinator.................................................: Supervisor0s Responsi*ility.......................................................( Safety and Health $ommittee...................................................( Responding to Safety and Health "ssues.................................( E%!l"yee In&"l&e%ent...................................................................< Safety and Health $ommittee...................................................< Safety "nspections.....................................................................< Suggestion System...................................................................< )mployee articipation.............................................................< *"r#s te Analys s...........................................................................= 8ew )!uipment% rocesses% and ,acility Ha/ard Analysis......= >o* Safety Analysis...................................................................? )mployee Report of Ha/ards....................................................@ Accident4"ncident "nvestigation.................................................@ Ha+ard )re&ent "n and C"ntr"l.....................................................A >o* Site "nspection..................................................................&B Accident "nvestigation.............................................................&& ersonal rotective )!uipment..............................................&& olicies% rocedures% Safety and Health Rules......................&9 Safety ;iscipline.....................................................................&( )mergency rocedures..........................................................&< 1oc+out 4 Tagout rocedure...................................................&= $onfined Space )ntry.............................................................&? Written Ha/ard $ommunication rogram...............................&@ ,all rotection rogram..........................................................&A )lectrical Safety......................................................................9B )3cavation Safety...................................................................9& Safety and Health Tra n n(...........................................................9: Safety and Health Wor+ #*servations....................................9( Add t "nal Res"$rces t" '$ ld a Safety and Health Mana(e%ent Syste%........................................................9< N"te t" E%!l"yer, Ce sure to review your wor+ operations and include safety information that is relevant to each operation. 8ot all safety and health standards are represented in the ta*le of contents a*ove.

MANAGEMENT COMMITMENT AND )LANNING

SAMPLE SAFETY AND HEALTH POLICY

($ompany 8ame) *elieves that n" -". "r n" tas# s %"re %!"rtant than /"r#er health and safety0 "f a -o* represents a potential safety or health threat% every effort will *e made to plan a safe way to do the tas+. )very procedure must *e a safe procedure. Shortcuts in safe procedures *y either foremen or wor+ers will not *e tolerated. "f a wor+er o*serves any unsafe condition% which may pose a potential threat to their health or safety% it is e3pected that employees will immediately correct the situation when feasi*le or inform management. Management has the responsi*ility to ta+e ade!uate precautions% comply with M"#SHA standards% and assure the safety and health of employees. If a -". cann"t .e d"ne safely t / ll n"t .e d"ne0 Management will provide visi*le ongoing commitment% resources% and leadership to assure the implementation of the SHMS. All employees will *e provided e!ually high !uality safety and health protection. We ac+nowledge the importance of creating a positive safety culture through employee involvement and effective policies and procedures.

DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD &ignature of Owner/ hief 'xecutive Officer/(resident

8ote to employer. )ffective safety programs utili/e a SHMS that incorporates the following five elements. &. Management commitment and planning% 9. )mployee involvement% :. Wor+site analysis% (. Ha/ard prevention and control% <. Safety and health training. To learn more a*out these five components% ta+e a loo+ at the M"#SHA Safety and Health Tool*o3.
Or go to) www.michigan.gov/miosha, select $*+ ,opic #ndex! and ,oolbox.!

SAMPLE SAFETY AND HEALTH OBJECTIVES

($ompany 8ame) plans to achieve wor+er safety and health through the following. &. ;esignate a !ualified safety person to coordinate the program. 9. lan for safety *efore each -o* and each new tas+% using a written >o* Safety Analysis.

:. Ma+e regular -o* site safety inspections and conduct health monitoring. (. ,ollow safety procedures and rules. <. rovide on2going safety training.

=. )nforce safety rules and use appropriate discipline.

DESIGNATED SAFETY COORDINATOR

($ompany 8ame) has designated (8ame4Title) to coordinate% implement% and administer the safety and health system. Responsi*ilities include. &. 5nderstand potential -o* ha/ards and how to eliminate them. 9. $onduct or assist with >o* Safety Analysis. :. Assure compliance with M"#SHA construction safety and health standard re!uirements. (. $onduct regular -o* site safety and health inspections. <. )sta*lish safety and health procedures. =. $oordinate regular safety and health training. ?. $onduct or assist with Tool Co3 Tal+s or ,ive Minute Safety Tal+s. @. Maintain documentation of training% inspections% in-uries and illnesses% and other safety records. A. articipate in accident investigations and implementation of corrective actions.

&B. "nvolve employees in the implementation of the SHMS. &&. $reate statistical reports that compare severity and fre!uency rates against prior records. (1ist other company2specific assigned safety and health responsi*ilities).

SUPERVISORS RESPONSIBILITY
#ur supervisors0 play an important part in creating and maintaining safe and healthful wor+ practices% policies% and procedures. "t is the supervisor0s responsi*ility to identify potential ha/ards% identify methods to control or eliminate the ha/ards% ensure employees engage in safe and healthful wor+ practices% and ensure employees receive safety and health training to do their wor+. Safety and health performance will *e part of our supervisors0 evaluations. (1ist other company2specific assigned safety and health supervisory responsi*ilities.)

SAFETY AND HEALTH COMMITTEE

#ur management will ta+e an active role on the safety and health committee. At least annually the safety and health committee will develop written safety and health goals and trac+ monthly progress. These goals will *e communicated to all employees. #ur committee will *e comprised of management and hourly employees. Mem*ers will *e ()lected4Appointed4Eolunteer) and will serve on the committee for (1ength of Time).

RESPONDING TO SAFETY AND HEALTH ISSUES

#ur management will ta+e prompt consistent action when responding to safety and health issues. They will demonstrate our management commitment to addressing safety and health concerns and encourage employee participation. Management will respond to employees0 reports of ha/ards or potential ha/ards and (;escri*e your company0s system for employees to report ha/ards). "mmediate supervisors will review% investigate% and ta+e any necessary and appropriate action on all employee reports of ha/ards or potential ha/ards. The employee reporting the ha/ard or potential ha/ard will *e notified of the outcome. Reporting of ha/ards or potential ha/ards will *e without fear of reprimand.

EM)LOYEE IN1OL1EMENT

SAFETY AND HEALTH COMMITTEE

The purpose of our safety and health committee is to participate in the implementation of the safety and health system at ($ompany 8ame). #ur committee will *e comprised of management and employee representatives. #ur committee will meet (Monthly4Fuarterly). The committee will.

Have defined goals and o*-ectives. Address safety and health issues. Record and post minutes of the meetings. "nvolve employees in pro*lem solving. ;ocument action ta+en and post on the *ulletin *oards for all employees to read and2or comment. Have a formal agenda.

$ommittee mem*ers are. (1ist mem*ers)

SAFETY INSPECTIONS
#ur employees will participate in regular safety and health inspections (;aily4Wee+ly4Monthly4Fuarterly) to help identify potentially ha/ardous conditions and unsafe actions and initiate corrections. ,indings will *e presented to (8ame4Title4Safety and Health $ommittee) for review. $orrective action will *e implemented under the direction of (8ame4Title) in a timely manner.

SUGGESTION SYSTEM
#ur employees are encouraged to ma+e safety and health suggestions to help improve a process% prevent an accident% or to ma+e any improvement in the safety and health system. The suggestion system will *e implemented *y (8ame4Title) who will *e responsi*le for determining priority and the proper means of implementation. Safety suggestions will *e shared with the safety and health committee for input. Suggestion forms can *e placed in suggestion *o3es at (1ocation) or given directly to (8ame4Title).

EMPLOYEE PARTICIPATION
#ur employees will *e given an opportunity to provide input regarding recommendations on safety and health products% procedures% and training as it pertains to daily wor+ operations. ,or e3ample% employees may *e given some responsi*ility to test out products or conduct research to su*stantiate recommendations. )mployee input may *e provided through the suggestion system% report of ha/ard% or through actions the safety and health committee initiates. )mployees may participate in a variety of ways such asG a trainer% inspector% or pro*lem solver.

*OR2SITE ANALYSIS

We will conduct a wor+site analysis% through systematic actions that provide information as needed to recogni/e and understand the ha/ards and potential ha/ards of our wor+place. 1isted *elow are types of wor+site analysis actions that can assist with ma+ing an inventory of potential ha/ards in our wor+place. &. >o* safety analysis. 9. $omprehensive ha/ard surveys (insurance inspections% M"#SHA #n2site% etc.). :. Ha/ard analysis of changes in the wor+place (new e!uipment% new processes). (. Regular site safety and health inspections (employee and management). <. )mployee report of ha/ards or potential ha/ards. =. Accident and incident investigations with corrective actions and follow2up. ?. "n-ury and illness trend analysis. @. ersonal protective e!uipment assessment. A. )rgonomic analysis. &B. Specific identification of confined spaces. &&. "dentification of energy sources for specific machines. &9. $opies of written inspections and surveys *y. fire department% in2house as re!uired *y safety and health standards (e.g.% overhead crane inspections% powered industrial truc+ daily inspection% etc.).

NEW EQUIPMENT, PROCESSES, AND FACILITY HAZARD ANALYSIS

(8ame4Title) will analy/e new facilities% e!uipment% processes% and materials for ha/ards and potential ha/ards. ,indings will *e documented and plans developed to minimi/e or design out the ha/ards.

JOB SAFETY ANALYSIS

($ompany 8ame) will utili/e -o* safety analysis to determine potential ha/ards and identify methods to reduce e3posure to the ha/ards. >o* Safety Analysis (>SA) is a method of planning for safety and health. There are three parts to the >SA. &. The first component of a >SA is *rea+ing down a -o* or tas+ into the specific steps it ta+es to complete the -o*. Although this can *e done in small detail% typically only the ma-or steps are listed. This often results in five to ten steps. The steps are listed in chronological order% listing the first thing that must *e done% then what comes ne3t% and so on. 9. The second component of a >SA is to list all the ha/ards that are involved in each step. There may *e many ha/ards that get listed ne3t to some steps and may not *e any associated with some steps. :. The third step is to write down how each ha/ard will *e eliminated or controlled. "n other words% descri*e what needs to *e done in order to perform that tas+ safely. Sa%!le 3SA F"r%
>o* Title. )!uipment. ;epartment. >o* Steps age. DD of Supervisor. Approved *y. )). Recommended Safe >o* rocedures otential Ha/ards >SA 8o. ;ate. Analysis *y. DD8ew DDRevised

Re!uired ersonal rotective )!uipment (

Trainee(s) 8ame. Trainer(s) 8ame. ,our2Step "nstruction $ompletedH

Training ;ate. Trainer(s) Signature. repare the Wor+erIIII Trainer(s) "nitials resent the #perationIII Trainer(s) "nitials Try #ut erformanceIII.. Trainer(s) "nitials ,ollow 5pIIIIIIII..Trainer(s) "nitials

$omments.

8ote to employer. >o* safety analysis is often called different things. #ther names for it include. -o* ha/ard analysis% -o* tas+ analysis% tas+ ha/ard analysis% and safety tas+ analysis. >o* ha/ard analysis ta+es place prior to starting new wor+ activities. A sample form and more detailed instruction is included in the M"#SHA >o* Safety Analysis *oo+let (S J:9).
Or go to) www.michigan.gov/mioshapublications, select &ample (lans and &pecial (rograms! and &( -./.!

EMPLOYEE REPORT OF HAZARDS

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#ur employees play a +ey role in identifying% controlling% and reporting ha/ards that may occur or already e3ist in the wor+place. )mployee reports of potential ha/ards can *e an effective tool to trigger a closer loo+ at a piece of e!uipment% operation% or how wor+ is *eing performed. Reports of potential ha/ards can also provide suggestions to eliminate a ha/ard.

ACCIDENT/INCIDENT INVESTIGATION
We will conduct an investigation for all accidents4incidents and near misses. #ur primary goal of conducting an investigation is to determine the 6root cause7 to prevent the ris+ of a future occurrence. "nvestigation reports can help determine in-ury and illness trends over time% so that patterns with common causes can *e identified and prevented. "nvestigations are not intended to place *lame. Accidents and 6near2miss7 incidents will *e investigated *y (8ame4Title). The reports will *e reviewed *y (8ame4Safety $ommittee) within (;ays4Hours) of an accident4incident.

HA4ARD )RE1ENTION AND CONTROL

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#ur management will develop systems to prevent and control ha/ards. These include. the esta*lishment of controls through engineering% wor+ practice% personal protective e!uipment% and4or administrative actionsG systems to trac+ ha/ard correctionG preventive maintenance systemsG emergency preparationG and medical program. #ur written system will *e implemented to assure guards% house+eeping% and personal protective e!uipment are provided and *eing used. A written plan of action for the correction of ha/ards found in the wor+place will *e implemented *y (8ame4Title). Actions will *e communicated to all employees. A maintenance schedule for all vehicles and e!uipment will *e esta*lished *y (8ame4Title). Maintenance logs will *e +ept to document wor+ performed and repairs scheduled or ordered. Re!uired written programs such as. loc+out4tagout% respiratory protection% right to +now% confined space% as*estos% *en/ene% lead% and for+ lift permits will *e developed. Through a team effort all employees at ($ompany 8ame) will ma+e 6safety chec+s7 a part of routine wor+ practices.

JOB SITE INSPECTIONS

($ompany 8ame) will conduct daily -o* site inspections. Ha/ards will *e documented%
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reviewed% and corrections will *e made in a timely manner. More detailed% written inspections will *e conducted *y (8ame4Title) on a (Wee+ly4Monthly) *asis. The Safety $oordinator or other designated safety person will tour each -o* site and o*serve potential safety4health ha/ards% and develop a plan for safeguarding this companyKs wor+ers which may include the following. &. Removing the ha/ard. 9. 'uarding against the ha/ard as re!uired *y M"#SHA. :. roviding personal protective e!uipment and enforcing its use.

(. Training wor+ers in safe wor+ practices. <. $oordinating protection of wor+ers through other contractors. A record of all safety inspections and correctional steps will *e +ept.

8ote to employer. Some sample chec+lists for inspections can *e found at this lin+. Ha/ard revention and $ontrol
Or go to) www.michigan.gov/miosha, select $*+ ,opic #ndex,! ,oolbox,! and 0odule . * 1azard (revention and ontrol.!

;uring your inspections% some of the important things to loo+ for are the Top 9< Serious Eiolations for $onstruction that M"#SHA safety officers find.
Or go to) www.michigan.gov/mioshapublications, select &ample (lans and &pecial (rograms! and &( -22.!

ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION
All accidents resulting in in-ury or property damage will *e investigated. The purpose of the investigation is 8#T to find fault% *ut to find the cause of the accident so similar incidents can *e prevented in the future. &. All accidents% no matter how minor must *e reported to the ,oreman immediately. 9. ,oremen must report all accidents to the Safety $oordinator as soon as possi*le. :. ,oremen must complete an initial written accident investigation the day of the accident% if possi*le. (. All wor+ers involved in the accident or who witnessed the accident must complete a written statement descri*ing the incident. <. The Safety $oordinator will complete a thorough accident investigation to determine root causes and corrective actions. =. 8ear misses (situations where an accident almost happened) should *e reported. $orrective action must *e ta+en to prevent the same situation from occurring again with the potential for serious in-ury. ,oremen should ma+e a note of near misses and the corrective actions ta+en and report them to the Safety $oordinator% so that the same corrections may *e made on all the company0s -o* sites.

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

&. Hard hats will *e worn on -o* sites at all times. 9. )ye protection will *e worn when there are potentials of ha/ards from flying o*-ects or particles% chemicals% arcing% glare% or dust. :. 1eather wor+ *oots shall *e worn to protect from falling o*-ects% chemicals% or stepping on sharp o*-ects. Safety toe footwear may *e necessary in some instances. Athletic or canvas2type shoes shall not *e worn. (. rotective gloves or clothing shall *e worn when re!uired to protect against a ha/ard.

(. Harnesses and lanyards shall *e utili/ed for fall protection as re!uired. 8ote to employer. A good guide to personal protective e!uipment is availa*le from M"#SHA. "t is written for general industry% *ut wor+s very well for construction also. "t is found at this lin+. ersonal rotective )!uipment
Or go to) www.michigan.gov/mioshapublications, select &ample (lans and &pecial (rograms! and &( -23.!

POLICIES, PROCEDURES, SAFETY AND HEALTH RULES

#ur management is responsi*le for implementing ma-or decisions% policies and safety and health procedures. Specific safety and health procedures that are re!uired *y M"#SHA will *e put in writing such as. loc+out% right to +now% fall protection% confined space% respiratory program% etc. A copy of our written safety program will *e availa*le on every -o*site% either in the -o*site trailer% the gang *o3% or with the foremen. The re!uired M"#SHA posters will *e posted (1ocation). ($ompany 8ame) will inform and enforce the following safety rules. All "f "$r safety r$les %$st .e ".eyed0 Fa l$re t" d" s" / ll res$lt n str ct d sc !l nary act "n0 &. 9. :. Wear appropriate clothing and use sun *loc+ to prevent sun*urn. Watch where you are wal+ing. ;o not run. Leep your mind on your wor+ at all times. The use of illegal drugs or alcohol or *eing under the influence during wor+ing hours shall *e cause for termination. "nform your supervisor if ta+ing strong prescription drugs that warn against driving or using machinery. ;o not distract the attention of fellow wor+ers or engage in horseplay. ;o not engage in any act which would endanger another employee. Leep your wor+ing area free from ru**ish and de*ris. A clean -o* is the start of a safe -o*. ;o not use a compressor to *low dust or dirt from your clothes% hair% or hands. Report any fear of wal+ing at heights to your supervisor. Lnow where fire e3tinguishers are located and how to use them. 1ift correctly 2 with legs% not the *ac+. "f the load is too heavy ')T H)1 . ;o stretching e3ercises prior to wor+ activities. Appro3imately twenty percent of all construction related in-uries result from lifting materials.

(. <. =. ?. @. A.

&B. Leep *ac+ at least &B0 from all power lines% further if high voltage. &&. 8o*ody *ut the operator shall *e allowed to ride on e!uipment unless the e!uipment is designed to carry a passenger. &9. ;o not use power tools and e!uipment until you have *een properly instructed in the safe wor+ methods and *ecome authori/ed to use them. &:. ;o not remove% displace% damage% or destroy any safety device or safeguard on e!uipment or machinery. &(. Carricade danger areas. 'uard rails or perimeter ca*les may *e re!uired. ;o not enter an area which has *een *arricaded.
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&<. "f you must wor+ around power shovels% truc+s% rough2terrain for+2lifts% do/ers% or other heavy e!uipment% ma+e sure operators can always see you. 8ever wal+ within the swing radius of e!uipment counterweights. 8ever stand ne3t to truc+s when load straps are *eing released. Carricades are re!uired for cranes. High visi*ility vests may *e used to increase your visi*ility. &=. 8ever oil% lu*ricate% or fuel e!uipment while it is running or in motion. &?. Cefore servicing% repairing% or ad-usting any powered tool or piece of e!uipment% disconnect it% loc+ out the source of power% and tag it out. &@. )3cavations over five feet deep must *e shored or sloped as re!uired. Leep out of trenches or cuts that are not properly shored or sloped. )3cavated material or other de*ris shall not *e stored nearer than two feet from the edge of the e3cavation. )3cavations less than < feet will re!uire cave in protection where conditions indicate possi*le side failure. &A.

ractice the following safety procedures when using ladders. 5se the Mfour to oneM rule when using a ladder. #ne foot of *ase for every four feet of height. orta*le ladders in use shall *e e!uipped with safety feet unless the ladders are tied% *loc+ed or otherwise secured. Step ladders shall not *e used as a straight ladder. 1adders must e3tend three feet a*ove landing on roof for proper use. ;efective ladders must *e properly tagged and removed from service. Leep ladder *ases free of de*ris% hoses% wires% materials% etc.

9B. Cuild scaffolds according to manufacturersK recommendations and M"#SHA $onstruction Safety Standard% art &9% Scaffolding. Scaffolds over &B0 must have guardrails on all open sides. Scaffold plan+s shall *e properly lapped% cleated or otherwise secured to prevent shifting. 9&. 5se ground fault circuit interrupters at all times with any temporary power supply. 5se only e3tension cords of the three2prong type. 99. ,all protection is re!uired at = feet or higher. &BBN tie2off means the harness and lanyard are always connected to anchorage. 9:. 8ever throw anything Mover*oard.M Someone passing *elow may *e seriously in-ured. 9(. #pen fires are prohi*ited. 9<. Lnow what emergency procedures have *een esta*lished for your -o* site. (1ocation of emergency phone% first aid +it% stretcher location% fire e3tinguisher locations% evacuation plan% etc.).

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9=. 8ever enter a manhole% well% shaft% tunnel or other confined space which could possi*ly have a ha/ardous atmosphere *ecause of lac+ of o3ygen% or presence of to3ic or flamma*le gas% or has a possi*ility of engulfment *y solids or li!uids. #nly a !ualified person will test the confined area with an appropriate detector *efore entry. Wear the necessary personal protective e!uipment. rovide ventilation *y *lowing fresh air into the confined space. An attendant (hole2watch) may *e re!uired to *e stationed at the entrance.

SAFETY DISCIPLINE
($ompany 8ame) has implemented the following four step disciplinary system when safety rules are not followed or other unsafe actions endanger wor+ers. ,irst violation. Second violation. Third violation. ,ourth violation. #ral warningG notation for personnel file. Written warningG copy for file or ersonnel #ffice. Written warningG one day suspension without pay. Written warning and one2wee+ suspension% or termination if warranted.

Oero2tolerance Eiolations. Some safety violations are of such serious nature that there will *e no warnings and termination may result. )3amples include.

)ntering ha/ardous confined spaces without following proper procedures% ,ailing to use fall protection e!uipment% )ntering unsafe e3cavations.

Coth the employee and the supervisor allowing these unsafe acts may *e terminated. A record will *e maintained of all disciplinary actions.

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EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
"n case of an emergency on site the following procedures will *e instituted at each site. &. Method of communication will *e determined at each site. telephone% radio% etc. 9.

ost the following emergency telephone num*ers. olice% ,ire% Medical Response Team. ost the -o* site address near the communication station. ost names of first aid responders on site. ,irst responders should o*tain all re!uired ,irst Aid4$ R and Clood*orne )3posure training.

:. (.

<. ;esignate person to direct emergency crews to site of emergency. =. "nstruct each employee if +nown harmful plants% reptiles% animals% insects% or other environmental ha/ards are present% including.

The potential ha/ards% How to avoid in-ury% Applica*le first aid procedures to *e used in the event of in-ury.

8ote to employer. Some sites may re!uire more detailed emergency planning. A good guide to site emergency planning is availa*le from the Michigan ;epartment of State olice. "t is titled Site )mergency lanning Wor+*oo+.
Or go to) www.michigan.gov/msp, select (ublications, 4orms, 5 &tatistics,! (ublications,! 'mergency 0anagement and 1omeland &ecurity (ublications,! and &ite 'mergency (lanning 6orkbook.!

Additional site emergency planning resource. Clood*orne "nfectious ;isease )3posure $ontrol
Or go to) www.michigan.gov/mioshapublications, select &ample (lans and &pecial (rograms! and ', -7/.8.!

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LOCKOUT / TAGOUT
L"c#"$t 5 Ta("$t assures that employees are protected from unintended machine motion or unintended release of energy which could cause in-ury. This includes electricity% water% steam% hydraulic% gravity% and many other sources of stored energy. All sources of energy must *e shut off% de2energi/ed at the source% and loc+ed2out prior to any employee *eginning wor+ around or on the potential ha/ard.

8ote to employer. Review the M"#SHA 1oc+out 4 Tagout $ompliance 'uide for assistance in writing your program. The document was written for general industry% however some of the information may *e helpful. Appendi3 A of that guide is a sample 1oc+out 4 Tagout program that you may copy and modify for your program.
Or go to) www.michigan.gov/mioshapublications, select &ample (lans and &pecial (rograms! and &(- /9.!

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CONFINED SPACE ENTRY

8o employee shall enter confined spaces without authori/ation. A confined space is defined as the following. &. A space that is 8#T ;)S"'8); ,#R $#8T"85#5S employee #$$5 A8$P% and 9. "s large enough and so configured that a person can *odily enter into and perform assigned wor+% and :. Has 1"M"T); or R)STR"$T); means for )8TRP or )Q"T. $onfined spaces that may have a HAOAR;#5S ATM#S H)R) re!uire special precautions. Ha/ardous atmospheres are those that may e3pose employees to the ris+ of death% incapacitation% impairment of a*ility to self rescue caused *y.
,lamma*le gas% Air*orne com*usti*le

dust% Atmospheric o3ygen concentration *elow &A.< or a*ove 9:.<N% A to3ic atmosphere or su*stance% ;anger of engulfment.

8ote to employer. A sample written program is availa*le from M"#SHA. The document is titled 'uidelines for a ermit Re!uired $onfined Space )ntry rogram.
Or go to) www.michigan.gov/mioshapublications, select &ample (lans and &pecial (rograms! and ', -7..8.!

15

WRITTEN HAZARD COMMUNICATION PROGRAM

Ha/ard communication means ensuring that all wor+ers +now a*out the chemicals that they wor+ with and wor+ around. #ften called 6Right to Lnow%7 the ha/ard communication program involves the following elements. &. Written ha/ard communication program. 9. Training on the chemicals this company uses. :. 1a*eling. using properly la*eled containers. (. Safety ;ata Sheets (S;S). S;S (formerly +nown as Material Safety ;ata Sheets or MS;S) must *e readily availa*le onsite. Wor+ers must +now where to find S;S and *e a*le to read and properly utili/e an S;S. <. osting signs to inform employees of the location of S;S and when new chemicals are *rought on the -o* site.

=. "nforming other contractors. "f we use chemicals around other contractors% it is our responsi*ility to inform other contractors of the ha/ards involved. We will ma+e every effort to +eep other contractors safe from the chemicals we use. Typically% the general contractor onsite will need to coordinate all chemical use of all contractors to maintain a safe wor+place.

8ote to employer. Pour written Ha/ard $ommunication program should outline the specific details of the elements listed a*ove. M"#SHA has a Sample Ha/ard $ommunication lan.
Or go to) www.michigan.gov/mioshapublications, select &pecial (rograms! and ', -77.8.!

16

FALL PROTECTION PROGRAM

&. ,all protection is re!uired whenever wor+ing at si3 feet or a*ove. 9. ,all protection will *e provided *y one or more of the following.

'uardrails% Hole covers% Safety nets% ersonal fall arrest system (harness and lanyard).

8ote to employer. To assist you in completing your fall protection program% there are lin+s provided *elow to several fall protection documents availa*le from M"#SHA. Highlights of the ,all rotection Standard $onstruction "ndustry Threshold Heights Re!uiring ,all revention4 rotection )!uipment ,alls 2 5nprotected Sides% Wall #penings% and ,loor Holes ,all rotection R 'eneral "nterpretations ($#M B(29)
Or go to) www.michigan.gov/miosha, select $*+ ,opic #ndex! and 4all (rotection.!

17

ELECTRICAL SAFETY
)lectrical safety involves two primary issues.
owerlines% Temporary and

permanent electrical wiring and e!uipment.

To avoid electrical incidents% several *asic safety rules must *e followed. &. Stay at least &B feet *ac+ from powerlines% in A11 directions. Stay further *ac+ if voltages are greater than <B%BBB volts 9. ;o not store materials under powerlines. :. Mar+ powerlines on the -o* site with warning signs *elow. (. 5se ground fault circuit interrupters (',$") whenever plugging into temporary power or using an e3tension cord. <. )3tension cords and trailing cords with missing ground prongs must *e removed from service. =. )3tension cords and trailing cords with cuts must *e removed from service. ?. ;o not operate wet power tools. @. Leep e3tension cords from *eing damaged in doorways or *eing run over. A. Leep e3tension cords out of wet areas. &B. 8ever wire anything yourself or attempt to ma+e electrical repairs. 1eave that for an electrician. &&. Assume all wires and electrical *o3es are live% unless you are certain they are not. &9. ;o not store any materials within : feet of electrical *o3es.

8ote to employer. M"#SHA fact sheet regarding powerline safety. )lectrical "ncidents 2 $ontact with ower 1ines
Or go to www.michigan.gov/mioshapublications and select 0#O&1$ 4act &heets.!

18

E CAVATION SAFETY
re2-o* planning is vital to accident2free e3cavations and trenchingG safety cannot *e improvised as wor+ progresses. The following concerns must *e addressed *y a !ualified person. &. )valuate soil conditions and select and construct appropriate protective systems in accordance with M"#SHA art A% )3cavation% Trenching and Shoring. 9. "f the trench is <0 or deeper% you must use one of the following. sloping of trench sides *enching of trench sides trench *o3es% shoring%

:. "f the trench is less than <0 *ut is ha/ardous due to soil or the nature of the trench% then you must use protective systems. (. Appropriate protective systems to prevent a cave2in may include. <. "nspect the site daily at the start of each shift% following a rainstorm% or after any other ha/ard2increasing event. =. $ontact M"SS ;"' to locate underground lines at least : days prior to e3cavating. ?. lan for traffic control when necessary. Refer to the Michigan Manual on 5niform Traffic $ontrol (MM5T$) art = (availa*le from the Michigan ;epartment of Transportation) for traffic control.

@. ;etermine pro3imity to structures that could affect choice of protective systems. ,or e3ample% ensure roads% sidewal+s% or *uildings are not too close to allow the use of a trench*o3 or ade!uate sloping. A. Test for low o3ygen% and ha/ardous gases and vapors% especially when gasoline engine2driven e!uipment is running% or the dirt has *een contaminated *y lea+ing lines or storage tan+s. ,uel2powered e!uipment produces car*on mono3ide in the e3haust and must not *e used without ade!uate ventilation. rovide appropriate respiratory protection when necessary. &B. rovide safe access into and out of the e3cavation. "f the e3cavation is (0 or greater% ensure a ladder is within 9<0 of wor+ers in the e3cavation. &&. rovide appropriate protections if water accumulation is a pro*lem. Water flow and accumulation must *e inspected and must *e controlled.
19

&9. Leep e3cavations open the minimum amount of time needed to complete operations.

8ote to employer. M"#SHA documents to assist you with compliance. M"#SHA ,act Sheet. Trenching and )3cavation R rotective Systems
Or go to www.michigan.gov/mioshapublications and select 0#O&1$ 4act &heets.!

)3cavation *y the 8um*ers

Or go to www.michigan.gov/mioshapublications and select 0#O&1$ 4act &heets.!

art A
Or go to www.michigan.gov/mioshastandards and select onstruction.!

20

SAFETY AND HEALTH TRAINING

($ompany 8ame) will provide training to assure the re!uirements of M"#SHA standards are met and continuously evaluate employee training needs to +eep wor+ers safe and healthy on the -o*. &. 8ew )mployee #rientation. 8ew employees will receive training on the company safety and health management system% safe wor+ practices and e3pectations% and specific safety and health training for the tas+s that they will perform. 9. After inspecting a -o* site% (8ame4Title) will identify and evaluate all potential ha/ards for potential of serious in-uries and pro*a*ility of an accident. Actions will *e ta+en to minimi/e the ha/ards and protect the wor+ers. :. The Safety $oordinator or other designated site person will appraise the s+ill and +nowledge level of e3posed wor+ers% and provide any needed training. (. Where safety and health training is needed% appropriate training will *e provided.

Ha/ards will *e identified. 8ecessary precautions will *e e3plained. Training length and level of detail will *e determined *y the severity of the ha/ards and the re!uirements of M"#SHA.

<. Records will *e maintained for all training sessions with descriptions of topics covered and names of wor+ers trained. =. Tool*o3 Tal+s. Tool*o3 tal+s will *e conducted regularly (wee+ly4daily). Topics covered will include.

The safe wor+ practices necessary for that day0s wor+. Any safety concerns wor+ers may have. Crief refresher training on relevant safety topics (topics to *e provided *y the Safety $oordinator).

21

SAFETY AND HEALTH WORK OBSERVATIONS

Safety and health wor+ o*servations will *e performed periodically *y supervisors or designated o*servers. Safety and health wor+ o*servations ensure. &) an employee has the +nowledge to perform the wor+ as trained% and 9) is actually performing their wor+ tas+ safely. Specific o*servations or audits are especially critical for loc+out4tagout% confined space% or where the ris+ of e3posure is high. Results will *e documented and follow2up training will *e provided as needed. This process helps assure safety and health training is effective.

8ote to )mployer. A listing of M"#SHA re!uired training related to construction safety standards can *e found at this lin+. $onstruction Safety Standards
Or go to www.michigan.gov/miosha, select &tandards and :egislation! and onstruction.!

22

ADDITIONAL RESOURCES TO 'UILD A SAFETY AND HEALTH MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

The following is a list of other related documents. Cecause all *usinesses differ in many aspects% each company should tailor their own system and formulate safety and health procedures and rules applica*le to their own conditions and4or wor+ environments. The following items can *e used separately or com*ined to help you develop and implement a SHMS. DDDDDD $)T J<?:B Model Respiratory rotection rogram (Replaced *y 5S;#1 #SHA Sample %espiratory (rotection (rogram;
Or go to) www.michigan.gov/mioshapublications, select &ample (lans and &pecial (rograms! and %espiratory (rotection.!

,his compliance guide can help you design your respirator program. DDDDDD $)T Sample erception Survey R MT" 1evel #ne course materials from 6Clueprint for a Safety and Health Management System7
Or go to) www.michigan.gov/mti.

,he use of perception surveys provides a means to measure leading indicators of safety performance by providing a snapshot of the current safety culture through the perception of your employees and managers. DDDDDD S J9 Safety and Health Management System 'uidelines
Or go to) www.michigan.gov/mioshapublications, select &ample (lans and &pecial (rograms! and &( -/.!

Through the M"#SHA Training "nstitute (MT")% there are numerous low2 cost training seminars throughout the state to help you learn more a*out M"#SHA standards and various elements of a SHMS. Eisit the M"#SHA we*site to determine which classes would *e *eneficial to you. #ther support services provided *y M"#SHA include the pu*lication li*rary% fact sheets% standard interpretations% free ;E; loan li*rary% and consultation services. M"#SHA $)T consultants can provide assistance at no charge to help you evaluate and *uild your SHMS. ///0% ch (an0("&5% "sha 67809::07;<=

23

Safety )ays>
,or every S& invested in wor+place safety and healthI employers see a S( to S= return. Cottom 1ine Cenefits 7 : 9 ? 6 @ 8 ; =
Reduced a*senteeism 1ower turnover rates Higher productivity 'reater efficiency "ncreased !uality ;ecreased scrap4waste "ncreased employee morale ositive *rand image ;ecreased health care costs ;ecreased wor+ers0

7< compensation costs

Michigan Occu a!i"na# Sa$e!% & 'ea#!h (d)inis!*a!i"n +"nsu#!a!i"n ,duca!i"n & -*aining .ivisi"n 7150 'a**is .*ive/ P0O0 1"2 30643 3ansing/ Michigan 4890948143 5"* $u*!he* in$"*)a!i"n "* !" *e6ues! c"nsu#!a!i"n/ educa!i"n and !*aining se*vices ca## (517) 32241809 "* visi! "u* 7e8si!e a! 7770)ichigan0g"v/)i"sha

1ARA is an e!ual opportunity employer4program. Au3iliary aids% services and other reasona*le accommodations are availa*le upon re!uest to individuals with disa*ilities.