BI TP HA DC:

Cu hi lng gi chng 1
Cu 1: Mt bnh nhn au na u dng thuc Methysergide (mt base yu c pKa = 6.5) v tnh b qu liu. Nu pH nc tiu ca bnh nhn l 5.5 th khng nh no sau y l ng xt v phng din thi tr Methysergide khi c th bnh nhn A. Tng pH nc tiu s tng tc o thi B. o thi thuc qua nc tiu t ti a, v thay i pH s khng to ra nh hng g C. Phi acid ha nc tiu xung thp hn gia tr pKa t nht 4 n v D. gi tr pH nc tiu 5.5 Methysergide b ion ha 99% E. Khng c khng nh no trn l ng Tr li: Theo phng trnh Henderson-Haselbach, ta c: i vi base yu: Suy ra: [ [ ] [ ] [
[ [ ] ]

] pKa ] pH

Vy khi acid ha nc tiu hay gim pH nc tiu, pH cng nh hn pKa th s lm tng lng ion dn n tng tc o thi Khi kim ha nc tiu hay tng pH nc tiu, pH cng ln hn pKa th s tng lng phn t dn n gim tc o thi cu A, B sai Cu C sai v gim pH xung sao cho pH < pKa lm tng tc o thi, Ni Phi acid ha nc tiu xung thp hn gia tr pKa t nht 4 n v l khng c c s Theo ta c: pKa = 6.5 pH=5.5 thay vo phng trnh Henderson-Haselbach, ta c: [ [ ] ]

Suy ra phn trm thuc Methysergide b ion ha l:

cu D sai A: cu E Cu 2: Mt thuc X c T1/2 l 4 gi v thuc ny o thi qua thn. Hi phi mt bao lu (gi) nng thuc X t trng thi dng trong mu nu nh dng trn bnh nhn ch cn mt qu thn? A. 10 B. 20 C. 30 D. 40 E. 60 Gii thch kt qu Tr li:
iu kin ngi bnh thng: Thi gian nng thuc X t trng thi dng trong mu bng khong 5ln thi gian bn thi ca thuc: 5 T1/2 5 4 =20 (h) V bnh nhn c 1 qu thn nn thi gian tng ln gp i l 40 h A: cu D

Cu 3: th ng cong p ng Liu dng ca cc thuc A, B, C nh sau: Khng nh no sau y NG

A. Thuc A v thuc C c tc dng tng ng B. Thuc A c hiu lc cao hn thuc B C. Thuc B l cht ng vn mt phn D. Thuc A v thuc B c cng i lc v tc dng E. Thuc A v thuc B l cc cht ng vn mt phn Gii thch kt qu
Tr li:

-A c tc dng mnh hn C v chiu cao ng cong ca A cao hn chiu cao ng cong ca C cu A sai -ng cong ca thuc A v B cng hnh dng(cng cao) nn co tc dng tng ng nhau, nhng liu dng ca A nh hn B nn A c hiu lc hn B cu B ng -B l cht ng vncu B sai -A co i lc hn B v ng cong i lc ca A va B hinh dng nh nhau nhng ca A xch v phi tri hncu D sai -A v B l cc cht ng vn A: cu B Cu 4: Trong th nghim lm sng cc thuc, ngi tnh nguyn khe mnh tham gia vo giai on no ca th nghim? A. Giai on 1 B. Giai on 2 C. Giai on 3

D. Giai on 4 E. Tt c cc giai on
Tr li:

A: cu A

Cu hi lng gi chng 2
Cu 1: Mui ammonium no sau y c tc dng c ch thn kinh trung ng A. Chloride B. Bromide C. Carbonate D. Chloroplatinate E. Perchlorate Tr li: cu B. Bromide Cu 2: Tp cht nguy him nht trong bari sulfat l A. BaCO3 B. BaS C. As v Hg D. A v B E. C A, B v C Tr li: cu B. BaS Cu 3: Cho bit ng dng ca Mg v cc hp cht ca n trong ngnh Dc MAGNESIUM L nguyn t chim hm lng nhiu th 2 trong t bo v l cht c ch knh calcium t nhin nn ion magnesium ng vai tr quan trng trong nhiu bnh tim mch. Cc hp cht ca Mg trong ngnh Dc
Nhiu hp cht khng tan ca Mg c s dng lm thuc khng acid d dy. Mg(OH)2, MgCO3 : thuc khng acid d dy MgSO4: thuc ty x, thuc chng co git, dung dch dng ngoi Magnesium stearate: s dng lm t dc trn
27

Mg c dng trong nghin cu v quang tng hp

Cu 4: Anh/ch hy xut mt quy trnh iu ch lu hunh kt ta t lu hunh thng hoa

2S ( thng hoa) + Na2SO3+ 5H2O = Na2S2O3.5H2O Na2S2O3.5H2O + 2HCl 2NaCl + S (kt ta) + SO2 + 6H2O
Hoc:

S( thng hoa)

+ O2 SO2

SO2 + 2NaOH Na2SO3 +H2O NaSO3 Na2S2O3 +3/2O2( iu kin un nng) Na2S2O3 + H2SO4 Na2SO4 +S(kt ta) +SO2 + H2O Cu hi lng gi chng 3
Cu 1 Tr li: cu B. Isoproterenol Gii thch: Hnh 1:cht X gy h huyt p v tng nhp tim. cu C. Norepinephrine loi v c tc dng u tin trn receptor hn receptor nn gy co mch tng huyt p cu D. Phenylephrine loi v l cht ng vn 1 gy co mch lm tng huyt p cu E. Terbutaline loi v l cht ng vn tc ng chn lc trn receptor 2 khng gy tng nhp tim cht X c th l Epinephrine hoc Isoproterenol gi s X l Epinephrine th Bnh nhn 4: iu tr bng thuc X, sau l Propranolol . ta c: Propranolol l thuc phong b c receptor 1 v 2 nn s lm tng hot tnh ca Epinephrine trn receptor 1 lm tng huyt p. Khng ph hp vi hnh 4. Nu cht X l Isoproterenol th ph hp v n l cht ng vn trn receptor 1, 2 Bnh nhn 2: iu tr bng thuc X, sau l Mecamylamine Mecamylamine l cht i vn Nicotinic lm mt phn x t ng ca tim do khng lamg tng nhip tim. Hnh 3 ph hp Bnh nhn 3: iu tr bng thuc X, sau l Phenoxybenzamine Phenoxybenzamine l cht phong b receptor nn khng thay i so vi hnh 1, ph hp. Vy A cu B Cu 2: Anh/ch hy xut quy trnh tng hp Salbutamol (Albuterol) t Aspirin.

O
O OH O O CH3

CH3COCl/ AlCl3
O

OH

CH3

H3C

O OH O O CH3

OH

OH

+ H2O / H+

H3C

H3C

OH O

OH

OH

OH

+ H+

H3C

H2C

OH

OH

OH

OH O

OH

+ HBr

H2C

H2C

OH

Br

OH O

OH
OH

O OH

H2NC(CH3) / Br2

H3C
H2C Br

NH CH3

H3C

OH

O OH

OH OH

LiAlH4

H3C H3C

NH CH3

H3C H3C

NH CH3