Paragraph Headings Answer Discussion

Paragraph B (vi) - Historical foundations B. In the 19th century most towns were heavily fortified and the foundations of these walls are sometimes visible. Collecting tolls to enter and exit through the walls was a major source of revenue for the old town rulers, as were market fees. The markets were generally located centrally and in small towns, while in large towns there were ermanent stands made of corrugated iron or concrete. The market was usually next to the local ruler!s alace. In this first question, the word 'foundation' is in the topic sentence. This does not automatically make 'vi' the correct answer. However, it is a ood reason to fla this up as a possi!ility. The headin also refers to 'history', so the reference to '"#th century' in the topic sentence tells us the para raph is a!out the history. $ quick skim of the para raph confirms this. Paragraph C (i%) - &arious chan es C. The alaces were often very large. In the 19"#!s, the area of $yo!s alace covered 1% acres, and consisted of a series of courtyards surrounded by rivate and ublic rooms. &fter coloni'ation, many of the alaces were com letely or artially demolished. $ften the rulers built two storey houses for themselves using some of the alace grounds for government buildings. The second part of the para raph oes on to discuss chan es that took place. Paragraph D (iii) - 'r!an divisions D. The town is divided into different sections. In some towns these are regular, extending out from the center of the town like s okes on a wheel, while in others, where s ace is limited, they are more random. The different areas are further divided into com ounds called (ile). These vary in si'e considerably from single dwellings to u to thirty houses. They tend to be larger in the *orth. +arge areas are devoted to government administrative buildings. *ewer develo ments such as industrial or commercial areas or a artment housing for civil servants tends to be build on the edge of the town. The answer is first seen in the topic sentence. The word 'divided' should have fla ed this up to you as a possi!ility. (otice the use of the synonym 'ur!an' to replace 'town'. It is common to see synonyms in para raph headin s questions and other I)*T+ readin questions. Paragraph E (iv) - $rchitectural features E. ,ouses are rectangular and either have a courtyard in the center or the rooms come off a central corridor. -ost social life occurs in the courtyard. They are usually built of hardened mud and have roofs of corrugated iron or, in the countryside, thatch.

.uildings of this material are easy to alter, either by knocking down rooms or adding new ones. &nd can be im roved by coating the walls with cement. /icher eo le often build their houses of concrete blocks and, if they can afford to, build two storey houses. 0ithin com ounds there can be 1uite a mixture of building ty es. 2ounger well3 educated eo le may have well furnished houses while their older relatives live in mud walled buildings and slee on mats on the floor. The topic sentence starts to ive you a clue that 'iv' is the correct choice of the para raph headin s as it discusses architectural styles, which are then discussed further in the supportin sentences that follow. Paragraph F (vii) - ,omestic arran ements F. The builder or the most senior man gets a room either near the entrance or, in a two storied house, next to the balcony. ,e usually has more than one room. 4unior men get a room each and there are se arate rooms for teenage boys and girls to slee in. 2ounger children slee with their mothers. &ny em ty room are used as storage, let out or, if they face the street, used as sho s. In this conte%t, 'domestic' means of or relatin to the home, so the headin is referrin to the arran ements within the home. $ ain, -ust !y readin the topic sentence you can see that this para raph is discussin home arran ements and skimmin throu h the rest of the para raph confirms this. Paragraph G (i) - Town facilities G. &menities vary. In some towns most of the o ulation uses communal water ta s and only the rich have i ed water, in others i ed water is more normal. 5ome areas have toilets, but bucket toilets are common with waste being collected by a (night soil man). &ccess to water and electricity are key olitical issues.