MESOPOTAMIA

1 The potter's wheel: 3000 BC: A potter's wheel is a machine used in the shaping of round ceramic ware. The wheel may also be used during the process of trimming the excess body from dried ware and for applying incised decoration or rings of colour. 2 The wheel: 3000 BC: A wheel is a circular component that is intended to rotate on an axial bearing. The wheel is one of the main components of the wheel and axle which is one of the six simple machines. 3 The Egyptian papyrus: 3000 BC: It is a thick paper-like material produced from the pith of the papyrus plant, Cyperus papyrus 4 The plough and draught animals: from 3000 BC: The plough or plow is a tool used in farming for initial cultivation of soil in preparation for sowing seed or planting to loosen or turn the soil. 5 Silk: c.2850 BC: Silk is a natural protein fibre, some forms of which can be woven into textiles. The protein fibre of silk is composed mainly of fibroin and produced by certain insect larvae to form cocoons 6 Glass: c.1500 BC: Glass is an amorphous solid material that exhibits a glass transition, which is the reversible transition in amorphous material from a hard and relatively brittle state into a molten or rubber-like state. 7 Sundial and water clock: from the 2nd millennium BC: A sundial is a device that tells the time of day by the position of the Sun.

A water clock or clepsydra is any timepiece in which time is measured by the regulated flow of liquid into or out from a vessel where the amount is then measured. 8 Navigation by Polaris: from c.1100 BC: Polaris is the brightest star in the constellation Ursa Minor. 9 Glazed ceramics: 9th - 1st century BC: Glaze is a layer or coating of a vitreous substance which has been fused to a ceramic object through firing. Glaze can serve to color, decorate, strengthen or waterproof an item. 10 Lock and key: c.710 BC: A lock is a mechanical or electronic fastening device that is released by a physical object such as a key, keycard, fingerprint, RFIDcard, or security token, by supplying secret information (such as a keycode or password), or by a combination thereof.

Indus valley
1 Button, ornamental: Buttonsmade from seashellwere used in the Indus Valley Civilization for ornamental purposes by 2000 BCE.[1]Some buttons were carved into geometric shapes and had holes pierced into them so that they could be attached to clothing by using a 2 Ruler: The oldest preserved measuring rod is a copper-alloy bar which was found by the German Assyriologist Eckhard Unger while excavating at Nippur (pictured below). The bar dates from c. 2650 BC. and Unger claimed it was used as a measurement standard. 3 Stepwell: Earliest clear evidence of the origins of the stepwell is found in the Indus Valley Civilization's archaeological site at Mohenjodaroin Pakistan
[6]

and Dholavira, India.[7] The three

features of stepwells in the subcontinent are evident from one particular site, abandoned by 2500 BCE, which combines a bathing pool, steps leading down to water, and figures of some religious importance into one structure

Egyptian
1 Written Language

2 Eye Makeup 3 Papyrus Sheets

4 The Calendar 5 The Plow 6 Breath Mints 7 Bowling 8 Shave and a Haircut

9 The Door Lock 10 Toothpaste 11 Linen 12 Irigation 13 Maths 14 Medicine