II : CC MCH VNG KHA PHA (PLL)

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1: Tng quan PLL ( Phase-Locked Loop ) - L h thng vng kn hi tip - Tn hiu vo c th c dng tng t hnh sine hoc dng s. - ng dng rng ri trong cc mch lc, tng hp tn s, iu ch v gii iu ch, iu khin t ng . . . - C rt nhiu kiu mch PLL v phc v cho nhiu mc ch

2: S khi

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2: S khi

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Tch sng pha: So snh tn hiu vo v tn hiu ra ca VCO to ra tn hiu sai lch Vd(t). Lc thng thp: Lc gn ca in p Vd(t) Khuch i mt chiu: Khuch i in p mt chiu Vdk(t). VCO(Voltage Controled Oscillator): B dao ng m tn s ra c iu khin bng in p a vo.

3: Hot ng ca mch

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Nguyn l hot ng
Cc thnh phn ca PLL

Khuch i mt chiu
VCO (Voltage controlled oscillator )

Hot ng ca mch

3: Hot ng ca mch
1: Nguyn l hot ng - Hot ng theo nguyn tc vng iu khin m i lng vo v ra l tn s, chng c so snh vi nhau v pha.

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3: Hot ng ca mch

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Di bt Bc (Cature range): Bc = f2 f1 - Di tn s m tn hiu vo ban u phi lt vo PLL thit lp ch ng b. - Bc ph thuc vo bng thng LPF.

3: Hot ng ca mch

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Di kha Bl: K hiu Bl = fmax fmin. - Gii tn s m PLL ng nht c tn s f0 vi f1. - Ph thuc hm truyn t ca b tch sng pha, khuch i, VCO. - Khng ph thuc vo p tuyn b lc LPF v PLL (khi PLL kha pha f1 - f0 = 0). - ch kha pha, dao ng f0 ca VCO bn ng b theo f1 (Bl > Bc).

3: Hot ng ca mch

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3: Hot ng ca mch

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3: Hot ng ca mch
Cc thnh phn ca PLL - B tch sng pha: C 3 loi

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- Tng ng dng mch chn - S thc hin bi mch s EX-OR,RS FlipFlop - Tch sng pha ly mu

- B tch sng pha tng t

3: Hot ng ca mch
Ng ra ca in p c:

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3: Hot ng ca mch

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B tch sng pha s: - Dng mch s EX-OR, R-S Flip Flopc p tuyn so snh pha dng:

3: Hot ng ca mch
Lc thng thp LPF: - Mch lc bc 1, c th dng th ng hoc tch cc

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- Ng ra gm nhiu thnh phn f0,f1,f1-f0,... - Hot ng chnh xc khi f0,f1 thp.

3: Hot ng ca mch
Khuch i mt chiu - Khuch i tn hiu bin i chm (DC) sau b lc thng thp LPF. li Ka

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3: Hot ng ca mch

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VCO (Voltage controlled oscillator) - Mch dao ng c tn s c kim sot bng in p. - Quan h in p iu kin Vdk(t) v tn s ra f0(t) phi tuyn tnh. - V nguyn tc c th dng mi mch dao ng. Tuy nhin cc b dao ng to xung ch nht c s dng rng ri v loi ny c th lm vic t 1MHz 100MHz

3: Hot ng ca mch

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VCO (Voltage controlled oscillator) - T 1MHz 50MHz thng dng mch dao ng a hi.

3: Hot ng ca mch

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3: Hot ng ca mch

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4: ng dng ca vng kha pha PLL

ng dng ca vng kha pha PLL

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B Tng Hp Tn S n

Gii iu Ch FM

Gii iu Ch FSK

ng B Tn S Ngang V Dc Trong TV

Gii iu Ch AM

S Dng Trong FM Stereo

4: ng dng ca vng kha pha PLL

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B tng hp tn s n - S dng cc b tng hp tn s da trn nguyn l vng kha pha PLL - u im nh gn, khng yu cu chnh xc c kh cao, ng dng cc thnh qu cng ngh sn xut vi mch. . . - ng thi khi kt hp vi thch anh, n c kh nng to ra di rng, chnh xc cao, gi thnh thp. . .

4: ng dng ca vng kha pha PLL

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- Khi PLL thc hin kha pha, th ta c: fref =fvco / N => fvco = N*fref = f0 B iu khin tn s ny c th c iu khin d dng nh my tnh, t xa. Gim gi thnh v phc tp so vi trc y

4: ng dng ca vng kha pha PLL

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- Khuyt im l n ch to ra cc tn s bng bi s ca tn s chun f0= N*fref - Khc phc bng cch chia nh t/s chun

4: ng dng ca vng kha pha PLL

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Gii iu ch FM - Thc hin bng cch ci t tn s dao ng t do fn bng tn s trung tm tn hiu FM ng vo c bin khng i - Trong nhiu ng dng c th, trc tch sng pha PLL c mch khuch i hn bin

4: ng dng ca vng kha pha PLL

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Gii iu ch FSK - Dng c bit ca FM, ch c 2 tn s iu tn. Lin quan n tch (gii m) tn hiu quay s in thoi nt nhn v truyn tn hiu s FSK - Ng ra ca PLL dng 2 mc in p

4: ng dng ca vng kha pha PLL

ng b tn s ngang dc trong TV

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4: ng dng ca vng kha pha PLL

Gii iu ch AM

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4: ng dng ca vng kha pha PLL

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Gii iu ch AM - Vo(t) t l vi m(t) tc l t l vi tn hiu gii iu ch AM - L kiu tch sng trc tip khng cn i tn, c u im khng dng trung tn, khng chn lc tn s nh. - bin tn hiu ra ln nht ta dng b tch sng ng b

4: ng dng ca vng kha pha PLL

Gii iu ch AM - Tch sng ng b c cht lng tch sng khng ng b khi t s S/N nh

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4: ng dng ca vng kha pha PLL

S dng trong FM Stereo - S khi my pht FM Stereo

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4: ng dng ca vng kha pha PLL

S dng trong FM Stereo - Ph ca tn hiu FM Stereo

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4: ng dng ca vng kha pha PLL

S dng trong FM Stereo - S khi my thu FM Stereo

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4: ng dng ca vng kha pha PLL

S dng trong FM Stereo - ng dng PLL trong vic gii m FM Stereo

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