Apple Company Incorporated

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H-32
Information Technology
 Apple incorporated has revolutionized modern technology since 1976. Apple

incorporated is a corporation that manufactures electronics. The company’s most

recognized products are the iPod, Macintosh computers, and the iPhone. Apple’s

software includes the Mac OS X operating system, iTunes, iLife, and iWork.

Apple was established in Cupertino California. It was established on April 1,

1976 and it was incorporated on January 3, 1977. For the first thirty years of existence

of Apple inc. it was called Apple Computer Inc, but in 2007 they removed computer

from the name. Apple has about 35,000 workers worldwide. Apple makes about

35.48 billion dollars yearly worldwide. Apple is the most recognized technological

incorporations known today.

Apple inc. was founded by Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, and Ronald Wayne.

Jobs, Wozniak, and Wayne got together to sell the Apple I personal computer kit.

Wozniak hand built them. They had shown them at the Homebrew Computer Club.

The Apple I went on sale on July 1976 and it was priced at 666.66 dollars.

The company was incorporated in January without Wayne, who sold his part

of the company to Jobs and Wozniak for 800 dollars. Mike Markkula a

multimillionaire took his place. He provided business knowledge and expertise to

Apple Inc. He gave Apple Inc. about 250,000 dollars of funding.

In April 16, 1977 the Apple II was introduced. It was introduced at the West

Coast Computer Fair. The Apple II was built with color graphics and an open

architecture. It also had a 5 ¼ floppy disk drive. It was the first computer to have that.

In the late 1970s they had a staff of computer designers and a production line.

The Apple II was soon overpowered by the Apple III in May of 1980. Apple inc. now

competed with IBM and Microsoft. In December 1980 Apple inc. went public. The

company made more than 300 millionaires than any company in history.
 Apple launched the Macintosh in 1984. The Macintosh announced the

Macintosh by way of a television commercial. Ridley Scott directed the television

commercial. The commercial was presented during Super Bowl XVIII on January 22,

1984. The Macintosh did not sell well because of its high cost.

In 1985 Jobs and the CEO John Sculley were fighting for power. Sculley was

hired to years before this happened. The board of directors took the side of John

Sculley and took away jobs position as manager. Jobs resigned and later that year he

founded NeXT Inc.

Apple’s growth in the 1980s was all thanks to their leadership in education.

Apple and LOGO donated an Apple II and an Apple LOGO package to each public

school in California. The company eventually did the same for the state of Texas.

Then Apple decided to do this for all school across the United States.

The rise and fall of Apple was during 1886 and 1993. Apple had some

complications after presenting the Macintosh Portable in 1889. The fall of apple was

due to the construction and design of the Macintosh Portable. The Macintosh Portable

was bulky and it only had a 12 hour battery life. The Macintosh Portable also weighed

17 pounds. Later that year the PowerBook was introduced thanks to that Apple’s

revenue increased. The PowerBook weighed only seven pounds and had a three hour

battery life. The success of the PowerBook led to the creation of other products.

The first PDA created by Apple was called the Newton. The Newton was one

of the first in the industry. The invention of the Newton lead to the creation of the

Palm Pilot and Apple’s own phone the iPhone in the future. On august 15, 1998

Apple created a new form of the Macintosh 128k called the iMac. The iMac’s design

was created by Jonathan Ive who later designed the iPod and iPhone. The iMac sold

about 800,000 units in the first five months.

 The following year Apple created two video editing tools the iMovie and the

Final Cut Pro. The iMovie and the Final Cut Pro had 800,000 registered users in early

2007. On May 19, 2001 apple opened the first two Apple retail stores in Virginia and

California. In that same year apple introduced the iPod. The iPod was a digital

portable audio player. The iPod was very successful. Apple sold over 100 million

units in six years of being on the market. In 2003 iTunes was introduced, iTunes

offered online music downloads. The music downloads sold for $0.99 per song

download.

In 2007 Apple indicated that it will sell music on iTunes and that it will allow

the music to be played on third party players. On July 2008 Apple launched the Apps

store online. This was for the iPod touch and iPhone. In one month the store sold

about 60 million applications. Three months later Apple was named the third handset

mobile supplier in the world.

Since 2001there has been various versions of the iPod. This includes six

generations of the iPod classic, two generations of the iPod mini, five generations of

the iPod nano, three generations of the iPod shuffle, and three generations of the iPod

touch. The iPod is the leader in digital portable audio players with more than 220

million units shipped since September of 2009. Apple has also partnered with Nike to

create Nike +iPod sport kit.

The iPod classic was hard drive based. Since the first generation of the iPod

came out five different generations have followed. All of the iPod classics use a 1.8-

inch hard drive for storage. The first generation iPod featured a black and white LCD

display and a 5GB memory for storage. It held up to 1000 songs. This iPod was on

sale for $399.

 The second generation iPod was released in July of 2002. It had a touch

sensitive click wheel. The Fire Wire port had a cover. The hold switch was

redesigned. The third generation included a full touch interface dock connector and a

slimmer case. The fourth generation included a full color screen in which you could

see and download photos. The fifth generation had a bigger screen a slimmer case it

had video playback and it was also offered in two color choices, black and white. The

sixth generation iPod had an aluminum face plate. It now came in silver. The

hardware was updated and it had replaced 160GB with 120GB. The 160GB model

was discontinued then in September 2009 it was reproduced with a 160GB memory.

The iPod Mini had three generations. The first generation came in five colors.

The iPod mini introduced the click wheel. The second generation had brighter color

and it had more battery life. Also the color of the letters on the click wheel was the

same color of the iPod.

The iPod nano had six different generations. The first generation was

introduced on September 7, 2005. The nano also replaced the mini. It came in black

or white, used flash memory, and it had a color screen. The second generation nano

was made of an Anodized aluminum cast and it came in six colors. The third

generation nano had a square shape. It has a chrome back and it is video capable. The

fourth generation nano introduced the original rectangular shape on September 9,

2008. It has an all aluminum enclosure and nine color choice. This nano also had

horizontal viewing. The fifth generation nano is the first iPod to include a video

camera. It includes a larger screen and a polished exterior.

The iPod shuffle has two generations. The first generation has no screen and it

uses flash memory. The second generation has a smaller clip design and it is a square
shape. It has an aluminum casting. The third generation shuffle brought back the

rectangular shape and it has a smaller design. It was also introduced in two colors.

The iPod touch has three generations. The first generation was introduced on

September 5, 2007. It is Wi-Fi capable and it has a multi-touch interface. It features

safari web browser and wireless access to iTunes and YouTube. The second

generation touch features a new tapered chrome back volume buttons and built in

speakers.

Apple has revolutionized modern technology in various ways from making the

first notebook and to providing computers to every public school in the United States.

No one would have guessed how Apple started just by seeing all of their

accomplishments. Who would have known that Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, and

Ronald Wayne the creators of apple started out hand building computers and ended

up making the first digital portable audio player.

Work Cited:

• Apple Confidential: The Real Story of Apple Computer, Inc.

By Owen W. Linzmayer

No Starch Press, 1999

• Brooks, Alex. "Apple at 30 - 1976 to 1986 | World of Apple." 01 April

2006, Print.
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