Module 4 H line Progressive Scan Video Circuit

Contents
Overview ............................................................................................................................ 3 Video Switching ................................................................................................................. 5 S-video Signal Path ........................................................................................................... 5 Composite Signal Path ..................................................................................................... 5 Colorstream and DTV Inputs .......................................................................................... 8 Signal Path for NTSC (480I) ........................................................................................... 9 Signal Path for 1080I and 480P ...................................................................................... 9 Q501 Pin Descriptions .................................................................................................... 11 Auto Sync Detect ............................................................................................................ 16

Overview
The block diagram in Figure 1 shows the basic video processing stages for Toshibas HDTV ready, progressively scanned televisions. The type of input signal determines the video stage to which the signal is applied. The input signal may bypass one or more video stages. For example, the RF signal is processed by all the video stages, whereas the Colorstream input (R-Y, B-Y, and Y) bypasses most video stages. Tuner and IF Stage Referred to as the front end, the Tuner and IF block comprise the first video stage. This stage receives an RF signal and demodulates it into a composite video signal. Comb Filter Stage The second stage is the comb filter. It separates the composite video signal into a chrominance and a luminance signal. The chrominance signal contains the pictures color information. The luminance signal contains the detail (or black and white) information. Color Demodulator Stage After the comb filter separation, the color demodulator dismantles the chrominance signal into R-Y and B-Y signals. The luminance signal passes through this stage unchanged. WAC The Wide Aspect Converter (WAC) is only on the Theaterwide (16:9) televisions. It converts a video signal with a 4:3 aspect ratio to fit a 16:9 aspect ratio television. When viewing a 480I signal in the Standard picture size, the WAC adds mattes to the picture. The mattes are gray side panels that fill in the 16:9 screen to keep the pictures integrity. If the customer selects either the Full or Theaterwide picture size, the video signal passes through the WAC stage unchanged.

PIP/POP Stage The Picture in Picture (PIP for 4:3 televisions) and Picture Out of Picture (POP for 16:9 televisions) add a secondary picture onto the main picture. These features allow the viewer to display two picture sources at the same time. Refer to the specific owners manual for feature explanations and operation details. Up-converter Stage The Up-converter doubles the horizontal frequency and converts a 480 interlaced (480I) format to a 480 progressive format (480P). Toshibas HDTVready televisions display either a 480P or 1080I video format. The Up-converter changes the NTSC (480I) signal to the 480P format for display. An external source must convert all other formats to either 1080I or 480P before they can be applied to the television. (480I and 480P are also referred to as 525I and 525P. 480 is the number of active scanning lines, or lines containing video information. 525 is the total number scanning lines). Video Processing and Color Matrix Stage The next video processing stage is composed of the video processing block and color matrix. The video processing block applies all the customer and service controls to the video signal; i.e. color, tint, R-cut, B-cut, etc. The color matrix combines the luminance, R-Y, and B-Y to develop RGB signals that, with the luminance signal, are applied to the CRTs for display. This stage also adds the On Screen Display (OSD) and Closed Captioning (CC) information to the video signal. Troubleshooting Tip: With any video problem, check all inputs before troubleshooting. This test saves time by narrowing a symptom to a specific video stage.

Direct Inputs: Composite S Video

ColorStream or DTV (480I)

ColorStream or DTV (1080I or 480P)

No Direct Input

Tuner and IF

Comb Filter

Color Demodulator

WAC

POP/PIP

UpConverter

Video Processor and Color Matrix

R,B,G CRTs

eo

1080I o R-Y, B r 480P -Y and Y

site Vid

C (Chro ma) Y (Lum inance)

Seco n Pictur dary e info .

-Y and

Compo

Type of Signals:

Figure 1. Video Processing Block Diagram The following is a list of external inputs and the type of signals they accept: Video 1: Video 2: Video 3: Colorstream: DVD: Ant 1: Ant 2: Composite and S-video Composite and S-video Composite and S-video R-Y, B-Y and Y, either 1080I or 480P R-Y, B-Y and Y, either 1080I or 480P RF RF

R-Y, B

OSD/C

RF

R,G,B

Video Switching
To understand the video switching circuitry, the following explanations divide the video switching into two parts. The first explanation is for the Composite and S-video switching. The second explains the DTV and Colorstream inputs.

Composite Signal Path

The final output of QV01 must be a luminance (Y) and a chrominance (C) signal. If the Video 1 input is a composite signal, the comb filter must separate it into Y and C signals. As shown in Figure 3, the composite video signal from the Video 1 input enters QV01 on pin 7. SW2 selects the input and applies it to the comb filter through pin 46. This signal is also used for the monitor out and sync circuit. The comb filter located on the Dual PC separates the composite signal into Y and C signals and reapplies them to pins 40 and 48 of QV01. Then, SW1 selects these signals as the source and applies them to pins 44 and 42. Troubleshooting Tip:

S-video Signal Path

Figures 2 and 3 show the basic operation of the video switch IC, QV01. Using the Video 1 input as an example, these diagrams demonstrate QV01s operation. All other inputs operate in the same manner but are represented by a common input labeled Other. Figure 2 displays the signal flow for the S-video (Y and C) input. The Y and C signals enter QV01 on pins 11 and 9. Internal switch SW1 selects the proper Y and C outputs. Pins 44 and 42 of QV01 apply the signals to the video processing IC, Q501. An internal adder combines the Y and C signals into a composite signal. Switch SW2 selects the composite video signal and applies it to pin 46. The television uses this composite signal as the monitor out, located on the back panel, and as a sync source for the sync circuits.
SCL1 SDA1 27 26

The Comb Through (DH) pin of the Dual PC (UY01) is a 3.58 MHz clock synchronized by the color burst. If this signal is missing, the comb filter does not operate properly. When troubleshooting the comb filter, check all inputs into UY01 including the clock on pin DH. Refer to the service manual for pin layouts and the circuit diagram.
QV01 A/V Switch

D/A Converter

44 Y 42 C To Q501 Color Demodulator

SW1

Other Y&C Inputs Other V Inputs

Monitor Out & Sync Circuit

C 11 Video 1 Composite and S-Video Y 9 E1 Adder To D/A

SW2 46 V out

S-video 0V Composite 5V
V S-Video Switch 7

V in C out Y out

UY01 Comb Filter DG DD DC

40 48

Cin Yin

Composite Video Signal Y &C Video Signal

Figure 2. Basic Composite Switch Block Diagram 5

A switch inside the S-video input jack detects the presence of an S-video cable. The switch places a logic HIGH or LOW on the composite input of QV01. QV01s internal D/A converter reads and transmits the logic level to the microprocessor through the I2C bus. The switch default is open which indicates the use of a composite input. When the S-video cable is connected, the switch closes and places a logic LOW on the composite input. Microprocessor QA01 controls QV01s internal switches through the I2C bus (on pins 27 and 26) and selects the proper signal path for the type of signal used.
QV01 A/V Switch

Figure 4 is the internal schematic for the composite and S-video switching IC, QV01. The picture out of picture/picture in picture (P0P/ PIP) source switching operates in the same manner as the main picture. However, the composite signal separated into luminance and chrominance by a comb filter is not reapplied to QV01. Rather, the POP/PIP module (not shown) separates the composite video signal and selects between the separated composite signal and the S-video signal.

SCL1 SDA1

27 26 D/A Converter

44 Y 42 C To Q501 Color Demodulator

SW1

Other Y&C Inputs Other V Inputs

Monitor Out & Sync Circuit

Video 1 Composite and S-Video

C 11 Y 9 E1 Adder
SW2 46 V out

S-video 0V Composite 5V
V S-Video Switch 7 To D/A

V in C out Y out

UY01 Comb Filter DG DD DC

40 48

Cin Yin

Composite Video Signal Y &C Video Signal

Figure 3. Basic S-video Switch Block Diagram L= R= V= C= L= E1 = Left Audio Right Audio Composite Video Chrominance Signal Luminance Signal Video 1 Input 6 E2 = Video 2 Input E3 = Video 3 Input DVD = Colorstream Input DTV = Digital TV Input SDA = Serial Data SCL = Serial Clock

V TV1 5
SV1

Y DVD 50 V PIP 2

6dB AMP

46 V out to comb filter Clamp 47 Clamp 48 Y in from comb filter

ST1

ST2

49 Final Y output
SOY1

V E1 7 V E2 13 V E3 19 Y E1 9 Y E2 15 Y E3 21
SY2 D/A D/A SE2 D/A SY1 6dB AMP SV2 6dB AMP 6dB AMP SC1 6dB AMP SE1

42 Final C output
SOC1

40 C in from comb filter 36 PIP V out

Clamp
6dB AMP

47 Clamp

C E1 11 C E2 17 C E3 23
SC2

34
SOY2

V or Y output for PIP/POP

32
SOC2

C output for PIP/POP

R TV1 6 R DVD 49 R DTV 3 R E1 10

SR1

POP/PIP Source Switch 39 SPK-OUT R 41 SPK-OUT L 43 MAIN-OUT R

R E2 16 R E3 22 L TV1 4 L DVD 51 L DTV 1 L E1 8 L E2 14 L E3 20

I2 C D/A Converter Mute SL1

45 MAIN-OUT L

26 SDA 27 SCL 25 Mute

Figure 4. Internal Diagram of QV01

18 Vcc

12 GND 1

24 GND 2

Colorstream and DTV Inputs

Figure 5 shows the Colorstream (DVD) and DTV input signal paths. Figure 6 shows the logic commands for the switching ICs. The Colorstream and DTV inputs apply R-Y, B-Y, and Y signals to two switching ICs: QV30 and QV07. QV30 selects either DVD or DTV for the 1080I or 480P signal path. QV07 selects the input for the 480I (Standard NTSC) signal path.
(Composite / S-video) From QV01 Y 15 C 13 Q501 Converter 4 Y 5 Q 6 I Y Q I 12 2 5 L QW01 Switch 14 Y 15 Q 4 I

Y 13 Cr 3 Cb 1 (480I) Y Cr Cb Y Pb Pr Y 13 Cr 3 Cb 1 Y 12 Pb 2 Pr 5 H QV07 Switch 14 Y 4 Cr 15 Cb Y 6 Q 5 I 4

From Pin 6 QA03

9, 10, 11

DVD

PW01A

PW02A WAC

DTV

From Pin 5 QA03

9, 10, 11

5 7 6

Y Q I

Y 3 Q 1 I 2

P505 Dual

P504

Y05 Y Y04 Q Y06 I

PX01A Y 13 Q 9 I 11

PX02A 28 Y 24 Q 26 I

UP Converter

(Up-converted 480I) (480P or 1080I) 9 Y Pb 14 Pr 1 8 Y Cr 16 Cb 11 H QV30 Switch 6 3 5 Y Cr Cb Y Q I 9 14 1 H Q2201 Switch 6 3 5 Y Q I To Q501 Video Processing 2, 7, 12

8 Y Cr 16 Cb 11

From Pin 5 QA03

2, 7, 12

From Pin 4 QA03

Figure 5. Video Signal Path 8

Signal Path for NTSC (480I)

Refer to Figure 5. Q501 converts the luminance and chrominance NTSC signal from the video switching IC (QV01) to Y, I, and Q signals and applies them to switching IC QW01. QW01 selects between the Q, Y, and I signals from Q501 or the Colorstream and DTV (480I) inputs selected by QV07. Then, QW01 applies its selected output to the Wide Aspect Converter (WAC). The WAC module is only in Theaterwide (16:9) televisions. It affixes gray side panels (mattes) to a 4:3 aspect ratio picture to fit the televisions 16:9 ratio. The next module the 480I signal passes through is the Dual PC. This module gets its name from the fact that it has two functions. One function is a comb filter. The other function is the Picture in Picture (PIP) or Picture on Picture (POP). The paragraphs concerning the Composite and S-video switching explain the purpose of the comb filter portion of the Dual Module. The PIP/POP portion is for viewing a second video source with the original picture. Theaterwide (16:9) televisions use the POP to add a second picture to the screen. It reduces the width of the main picture and places the second picture alongside the first. The PIP, used in the 4:3 televisions, places a second, smaller picture in a corner of the main picture. Both the PIP and POP have other features related to the second picture. Refer to the televisions owners manual for an explanation of all the PIP/POP functions. After the Dual Module, the 480I video signal goes through the Up-converter (UX01). This module converts the 480I signal into a 480P signal. The Up-converter doubles the horizontal frequency from 15.734 kHz to 31.5 kHz, and by using frame and line doubling, doubles the number of scanning lines. Although the Up-converter doubles the horizontal frequency, the vertical frequency remains the same. Troubleshooting Tip: The Up converter is not repairable to component level. It is a replacement module only. Next, the 480I (now converted to 480P) signal runs through switching IC Q2201, which selects either the up-converted 480I or the input from switching IC QV30. Q2201 applies its output to the video processing IC Q501. The last stage the unconverted 480I signal passes through is Q501. Refer to the Q501 Pin Description section for more details a block diagram of Q501. Q501 detects whether the signal is Colorstream (R-Y, R-B, and Y) or I, Q, and Y (converted from 480I). The IC converts either signal type into RGB, adds the on screen display (OSD), closed-caption information and applies the set-up and customer adjustments. Q501s RGB output is applied directly to each CRT.

Signal Path for 1080I and 480P

The 1080I and 480P input signals bypass several switches and modules. QV30 selects the DTV or DVD input and applies it directly to switching IC Q2201. After passing through this switch, the 1080I or 480P signal follows the same circuit path as the up-converted 480I signal.

QV07 Switch DVD 480I H To QW01

QW01 Switch DVD 480I DTV 480I H To Up Converter NTSC L WAC Dual Up-converter 9, 10,11

DTV 480I

L To Pin 6 QA03 9, 10,11

To QV114 Collector

QV30 Switch DTV 480P 1080I DVD 480P 1080I +9V RV114 10K QV106 Q3200 Sync Switch Up Converter H To Pin 5 QA03 H

DVD 480I NTSC DTV 480I To Q2201

Q2201 Switch H To Q501 L QA03

DTV 480P DTV1080I DVD 480P 2, 7, 12

To Pin 4 QA03

2, 7, 12

DVD / NTSC 6 DIG

SCL 14 SDA 15

Up-conv / Direct 4 Up Conv. DTV / DVD 5 DIG

To Q420 Deflection Q3100 DVD/DTV Direct inputs L

To Pin 4 QA03

9, 10, 11

Video Source DTV 480P DTV 480I DTV1080I DVD 480I DVD 480P NTSC

QA03 Pin Numbers 6 4 5 X L H H H H X L H H H L X L L L H X

Figure 6. Logic Control

10

Q501 Pin Descriptions

Pin # 1 Pin Name CW (output) DC Voltage 3V Description

This output is a 3.58MHz, 7Vpp sine wave generated by X501 and synchronized with the color burst. The comb filter uses this signal as a clock. This output is a 3.4Vpp Sand Castle Pulse comprised of the horizontal equalization and the blanking pulse. This signal is a reference for placement of WACs side panels, and the signal clamps the black level pedestal in the POP/PIP circuit. This pin is only used in a SECAM system. It is not used with an NTSC system. These pins are the Y, Q, and I outputs for the converted Y and C input signals from pins 13 and 14. Each output signal is around .7 to 1Vpp. Not used.

SCP (output)

0.9V

SECAM

4,5,6

Y, Q, I (output) 1-2V

7,8,9 10 xtal 3V

Pin 10 is a 3.58MHz, 82mVpp oscillator input for the color demodulator. A loss of this signal causes a loss in color on the Composite and S-video inputs only. Because the color on the DTV and Colorstream inputs is already demodulated, this signal has no affect on them. This is a filter and phase detect for the Automatic Picture Control. It controls the synchronization of the color oscillator. Pin 12 is the 5V Vcc for the video and color portion of Q501. It does not supply the deflection side of the IC. Pins 13 and 14 are the luminance (Y) and chrominance (C) inputs. The Y and C signals are converted to Y, I, and Q and sent out of pins 4, 5, and 6.

11

APC

2.2V

12

Vcc

5V

13,15

2-3V

Y/C

11

Pin # 16

Pin Name V.Sep

DC Voltage 5V

Description

Capacitor C315, connected to Pin 16, is a filter capacitor that eliminates the horizontal sync pulses from the vertical sync. The HD output signal is a 15.75KHz, 5Vpp pulse. It is the Horizontal sync output for the NTSC and 480I signals. This output is not used for the 1080I or 480P. A loss of output causes a loss of horizontal sync when using the NTSC or 480I signal only. This sync signal is a 5Vpp negative going pulse used for the Main and Sub tuner AFT feedback. A loss of this signal results in improper tuning. The AFC is a feedback from Q350 that synchronizes the horizontal output signal. Pin 21 is the horizontal oscillator for the horizontal sync circuit. It also is used for the vertical sync through a countdown circuit. Do not place any test equipment on this pin. 9V supply for the horizontal deflection circuit. Pin 24 is a clamping input that clamps and synchronizes the blanking input on pin 25. This signal reduces high frequency noise and prevents picture jumping when changing picture sources. A loss of this signal constantly engages the blanking circuit and completely blanks the picture and OSD. The Blanking pulse input blanks the picture during vertical and horizontal retrace. The input pulses are 65Vpp. These lines are the I2C bus, digital communication to the Microprocessor. 4.5Vpp digital pulses are present on both lines whenever the television is ON. Without communication to the microprocessor, the deflection circuit still operates but the video portion does not. The blue and green sample and hold are filters for the red and green 12

17

HD (output)

0V

18

Sync (output)

4.3V

20

AFC (input)

7V

21

32fH

8.8V

22 24

9V CLP

9V 4.9V

25

BLK

0.7V

26,27

SDA, SCL

4.1V

29,30,55 R, G, &B S/H 5V

Pin #

Pin Name

DC Voltage

Description

output. They reduce video noise when using the DTV or Colorstream inputs.

31

VP(output)

4.2V

This pin is the vertical sync output for the NTSC and 480I signals. This output is not used for the 1080I or 480P. A loss of output causes a loss of vertical sync when using the NTSC or 480I signals only. The vertical output signal is a 59.94Hz, 5Vpp pulse. Luminance input for service convergence grid and closed caption. RGB inputs for convergence grid and closed caption Luminance input for the On Screen Display (OSD). RGB inputs for OSD. Theses signals are only present when the ODS is activated. 9V supply input.

32 33,34,35 36

Ys RGB OSD Ys

0.6V 3.3 0.2V 3.3V

37,38,39 OSD RGB

40 41,42,43 44

9V RGB ABL (input)

8.4V

Approx. 2.5V RGB Output to CRT drives Automatic Brightness Level. This input changes DC level with the brightness of the picture. 8.6V 0V 9V supply input. This input signal creates the gray background behind the OSD. Just like the OSD input, this signal is only present when the ODS is activated. This pin supplies pulses for the Velocity Scan Modulator. The pulses are generated from transitions between light and dark areas in the picture. The Velocity Scan Modulator varies the horizontal scan to reduce the transition time and sharpen the picture.

46 47

9V Ym

48

VSM

3.3V

13

Pin # 49

Pin Name APL

DC Voltage 3.7V

Description

Pin 49 is the Average Picture Level detect. This circuit determines the average picture level. This is a reference for Gamma Correction, DC Restoration, and Black Level Correction that are all performed internal to Q501.

50

Black DET

4.7V

The Black Detect determines the picture black level. It differentiates between black and blacker then black. The final I, Q, and Y input. All video sources enter Q501 at these pins. Q501 Adds the OSD, CC, and Convergence grids to the signal and converts it to RGB. Pin 41, 42, and 43 send the end result to the CRT drive PCs. Color limiter and Peak Hold. This pin is a clamp that sets the maximum color level to prevent over saturation.

51,52,53

Y2, Q, I

4.7-6V

54

COL

6V

55

8.6

9V supply input

14

17 H. V. SYNC SEP

20 PHASE DET <APC-1>

21

25

24

32 FH VCO

H. BLK

HD OUT

30

16

V. SEP

H. COUNT DOWN

V. COUNT DOWN

V.P. OUT

31

V. SYNC SEP D/A CONVERTER

SYNC OUT I2C BUS DECODER

18 27

15

SYNC CHIP CLAMP

DELAY LINE

Fsc TRAP

SW

REGISTER

26 28

BPF 13 SW

DELAY LINE

DELAY LINE

SW

ACC AMP

SW

GAMMA CORRECTION

BLACK LEVEL COR.

BLACK STRETCH Y

Y. CLAMP

53

ACC DET

SUB COLOR P/N IDENT DET CW MATRIX FILTER AUTO ADJ CHROMA BLK CHROMA DEMOD. L.P.F. FSC TRAP

D.C. RESTORE SHARPNESS DELAY LINE SHARPNESS CONTROL

A.P.L. DET

BLACK PEAK DET

WHITE PEAK DET

50 49

11

APC DET

HPF

VM AMP

VM MUTE

48

10 9 8 51 52

CHROMA VCO

N R AMP

SUB CONT

UNI COLOR

WPS

HALF TONE

CLAMP

5 6 33

IQ/UV CLAMP

FRESH COLOR

IQ UV CONVERT

SW

RGB BRIGHT

CLAMP

CONTRAST

34 35

UNI COLOR

COLOR

TINT

DELAY LINE HALF TONE COLOR GAMMA RGB MATRIX PEAK ACL DET

YS SW

36 37

AXIS G-Y MATRIX COLOR PEAK DET HI BRIGHT COLOR

CLAMP

CLAMP

OSD AMP

38 39

54

CDE

YS SW

32

SW

ABL AMP

44

DRIVE

CLAMP

BLK

CW OUT

S.C.P. OUT

RGB S/H

POWER OFF IN YM SW 47

CUT OFF

RGB OUT

29 30 55

41 42 43

Figure 7 Internal Block Diagram of Q501 . 15

Auto Sync Detect

The television detects the type of signal applied to the DTV and Colorstream input. The information is relayed to the Microprocessor, QA01. In turn, the microprocessor automatically makes the proper video switching to accommodate the signal through QA03. Figure 6 shows the logic switching of QA03. When using a 1080I signal, the horizontal circuit must be changed to accommodate the change in horizontal frequency. To detect the type of signal being used, the luminance output of QV30 is ap-

plied to sync separator Q3100. Q3100 passes the horizontal sync (HD) to the frequency to voltage converter Q2300. The output of Q2300 is applied to buffer and amplifier circuit Q2300. Q2300 controls switching transistors Q2302 and Q2303. Using a voltage divider, the transistors determine the voltage applied to the Microprocessor QA01. The value of the voltage applied to QA01 indicates the type of input signal. The Microprocessor controls the input/output expander, QA02, which makes the proper changes to the horizontal and video switch circuits for displaying the input signal. If the DTV or Colorstream input is not in use, the microprocessor defaults to 480I.

QV30 Switch Y Pb Pr Y Cr Cb 9 Y Pb 14 Pr 1 8 Y Cr 16 Cb 11 H 6 3 5 Y Cr Cb

DTV

To Q220

DVD

9V
To Pin 5 QA03 2, 7, 12

To Microprocessor Pin 14 31/15 Q2301 Q2300 F/V Converter Q3100 4 Sync Separator 14 6 Frequency to Voltage converter 1 3 Buffer/ Inverter Amp. 7 Amp. 8 Q2302

480P = 2.3V 480I = 0V 1080I = 4.4V

Q2303

HD Out

Figure 8 Sync Detection 16