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PHYS142 Final Exam

Physics 142 FINAL


Name McGill ID

Examiner: Guy D. Moore; Associate Examiner: Kenneth Ragan DONT PANIC. Read all questions rst, then start with the problem you nd easiest and work towards the one you nd most dicult. Complete all questions. If you cannot do a calculation, set up as much as you can for partial credit and explain what you would do and why. If you cannot do one part and you need the answer for another part, write clearly that you are guessing the answer and using it in the next part. Feel free to use a calculator and the one-page (both sides), hand written cheat sheet you have brought to the exam. If you do not have a calculator, write a symbolic expression for each answer and indicate what numbers you would substitute into that expression to get a numerical answer. Write in the exam book. PUT YOUR NAME AND MCGILL ID clearly at the beginning of the book, and mark clearly what work corresponds to what problem on the exam. Possibly useful numbers: 0 = 1.2566 106 N/A2 e = 1.602177 1019 C ke = 8.99 109 N m2 /C2 0 = 8.85 1012 C2 /N m2 mproton = 1.67 1027 kg melectron = 9.11 1031 kg femto f = 1015 (1 fm = 1015 m) pico p = 1012 (1 pm = 1012 m) nano n = 109 (1 nm = 109 m) micro = 106 (1 m = 106 m) milli m = 103 (1 mm = 103 m) kilo k = 103 (1 km = 103 m)

Name and McGill ID Number

Put your name (rst then last) and McGill ID number on the exam, and more importantly, on your exam booklet. One % will be subtracted from your exam grade if the name on the booklet is illegible.

Resistors
A B D C

Each resistor in the diagram represents a light bulb; all light bulbs are identical. Removing a light bulb is the same as replacing it with an innite resistance. If light bulb B is removed, which light bulbs get brighter, which get dimmer, and which stay the same? [Dont explain your reasoning, just give the right answer.]

Electric Power

You build an inductor with inductance L = 1.00 Henry. When you plug it into an AC, 120 Vrms , 60 Hz power outlet, you discover to your disappointment that it consumes 5.0 Watts of power. This means that the inductor must have some resistance, which you can model as being in series with the inductor. What is the resistance? If you could vary the resistance keeping the inductance, voltage, and frequency xed, for what value of resistance would the consumed power be maximum, and what would the maximum consumed power be?

Earth and Sun

Suppose we placed a large negative charge on the Earth and a charge on the Sun, of equal magnitude. How large would each charge need to be, in order to exactly cancel the gravitational force of attraction between the bodies? Your answer should be in Coulombs. (Useful numbers: MEarth = 5.97 1024 kg, MSun = 1.99 1030 kg, mean Earth-Sun separation a = 1.496 1011 m, Earth radius R = 6.37 106 m, 23 April 2013: page 1

PHYS142 Final Exam Solar radius R = 6.95 108 m, and GN = 6.67 1011m3 /kg s2 .) Should the charge on the Sun be positive or negative? What would be the total mass of the electrons, carrying the charge you found? How does this compare to the mass of the Earth? Would this be a good or a bad idea?

Magnetic elds, Faradays Law, and Inductance

Consider two long parallel wires, each of radius r and of (center-to-center) separation x. A current I runs down one wire and back along the other: I  $ 6 x ? % -I Assume that the current on a wire is spread uniformly over the surface of the wire.

1. Do the wires attract or repel each other? Briey explain how you determined this. 2. Find the force per unit length of one wire on the other. Write an expression in terms of r, x, I , and any universal constants. Then substitute the values r = 1.0 mm, x = 1.0 cm, I = 5.0 Amp. 3. Sketch the wire conguration in your exam book. Indicate the direction of the magnetic eld above both wires, between the wires, and below both wires. (Do not draw the end where the wire loops around, or try to draw the elds there.) 4. If the current in the wires increases, indicate the direction of the generated electric eld at the location of each wire. Briey explain your reasoning. 5. Consider a point which is between the wires, a distance y above the center of the lower wire and x y below the center of the upper wire. What is the B eld strength at this point? Write an expression, and then evaluate it using r, x, I as given above and y = 3.0 mm. 6. Find the magnetic ux per unit length between the two wires, as a function of r, x, I , and universal constants. 7. Find an expression for the inductance per unit length for the pair of wires. For the value of r, x given above, how many microHenries of inductance would 2.0 meters of this wire pair possess?

High voltage

You have a device with a very high resistance R0 , which requires a high voltage to function; but you only have a 120 Vrms, 60 Hz AC power outlet. So you wire your device in parallel with an inductor. The inductor (with your device in parallel) is wired in series with a capacitor and a resistor in an LRC circuit driven by the AC power outlet. Because your device has a high resistance, it does not aect the rest of the circuit. 1. Draw the circuit diagram. 2. Write an expression for the RMS voltage which the device feels, as a function of the frequency , the RMS outlet voltage V , and the resistance R, capacitance C , and inductance L. 3. If the capacitance can be varied but L and R are xed, what value of C should be chosen to maximize the voltage which your device feels? 4. For L = 0.10 Henry and R = 5.0 , what capacitance maximizes the voltage on your device, and what is the RMS voltage for this value of C ? 5. Is there another method or device which you could use, to put your device across a high voltage, if your only power source is a 120 V AC power outlet? 23 April 2013: page 2

PHYS142 Final Exam

Electromagnetic wave
E E 6 6

Consider the following electromagnetic wave: E E E E 6 6 6 6 B B B p pg p p pp ppp pg p q g q g q g q g p p pp p pg p ppp B B B B ? ? ? E E E What direction is it traveling? How can you tell? How

B B ppp g p pppp B p pppp qg g q p p pp ppp g ppp g B B ? ? ? E E E fast is it traveling?

Diraction grating

A music CD has evenly spaced grooves which can serve as a diraction grating. Shining a 633nm wavelength laser at a CD so the light strikes it at normal incidence (right angles), you nd that the laser beam is reected straight backwards, but with dimmer rays which emerge at angles. Placing a screen 25 cm from the CD, the brightest spot and the next spot are separated by 11 cm on the screen.

25cm

11cm

reflected beams incoming laser beam CD screen

What is the spacing between grooves on the CD?

Anti-reection coating

A glasses lens is made of polycarbonate, with an index of refraction of 1.584. The lens is coated with a polymer with index of refraction of 1.30. Draw a picture of how light, at nearly normal incidence, will be transmitted and reected from the air-polymer and polymer-polycarbonate surfaces. What thickness should the polymer have, to minimize reection of light at normal incidence and of wavelength 500 nm? (Give the thinnest layer which works.)

Grading scheme: 1: 3: 5: 7: 9: Total: 0 (but -1 if wrong) 5+4+4=13 points 2+4+3+2+8+6+4=29 points 6 points 4+8=12 points 100 points 2: 4: 6: 8: 8 points 4+1+1+1+1=8 points 2+6+2+4+2=16 points 8 points

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