Ex.

No: 06 Date AIM: :

TOKEN BUS

To demonstrate the implementation of a token bus network using OPNET Simulator PROCEDURE: Create a New Project To create a new project for the Ethernet network: Step 1: Start OPNET IT Guru Aca e!"c E "t"o# hoose New from the $"%e menu! Step ": Select Project Coax lick OK! Step %: &n the Startup 'i(ard: &nitial Topolog) dialog bo*$ make sure that Create E!+t& Sce#ar"o is selected lick Next hoose O,,"ce from the Network Scale list lick Next +ssign -00 to . S+a# and keep / S+a# as 000 lick Next twice lick OK! Step ,: lose the Object Palette dialog bo*! Create t*e Networ1 To create our coa*ial Ethernet network: Step -: To create the network configuration$ select Topolog) .apid down menu choose 1us and click O2! Step 3: lick the Select 4odels button in the .apid onfiguration dialog bo*! /rom the 4odel 5ist drop0 down menu choose ethcoa* and click O2! Step 6: &n the .apid onfiguration dialog bo*$ set the following eight 7alues and click O2! onfiguration! /rom the drop0 lick OK Name the project #&our "#"t"a%'()Et*er#et$ and the scenario

Step 8: To configure the coa*ial bus$ right0click on the hori(ontal link Select +d7anced Edit +ttributes from the menu:

a! lick on the 7alue of the model attribute Select Edit from the drop0down menu hoose the eth9coa*9ad7 model! b! +ssign the 7alue :!:- to the dela) attribute ;propagation dela) in sec<m=! c! +ssign - to the thickness attribute! d! lick O2!

Step >: Now )ou ha7e created the network! &t should look like the illustration below! 4ake sure to sa7e )our project!

Co#,"2ure t*e Networ1 No e' To configure the traffic generated b) the nodes: Step 1:: .ight0click on an) of the %: nodes Select Similar Nodes! Now all nodes in the network are selected! Step 11: .ight0click on an) of the %: nodes Edit +ttributes! Step 1": heck the +ppl) hanges to Selected Objects check bo*! This is important to a7oid

reconfiguring each node indi7iduall)! Step 1%: E*pand the Traffic ?eneration Parameters hierarch): a! hange the 7alue of the ON State Time to e*ponential;1::= hange the 7alue of the O// State Time to e*ponential;:=! ;Note: Packets are generated onl) in the @ON@ state!= Step 1,: E*pand the Packet ?eneration +rguments hierarch): a! hange the 7alue of the Packet Si(e attribute to constant;1:",=! b! .ight0click on the &nterarri7al Time attribute and choose Promote +ttribute to Aigher 5e7el! This allows us to assign multiple 7alues to the &nterarri7al Time attribute and hence to test the network performance under different loads!

lick O2 to return back to the Project Editor and make sure to sa7e )our project! Co#,"2ure t*e S"!u%at"o# To e*amine the network performance under different loads$ )ou need to run the simulation se7eral times b) changing the load into the network! There is an eas) wa) to do that! .ecall that we promoted the &nterarri7al Time attribute for package generation! Aere we will assign different 7alues to that attribute: Step 1-: lick on the onfigure<.un Simulation button: Step 13: 4ake sure that the ommon tab is chosen B +ssign 1- seconds to the Curation!

Step 16: Step 18:

lick on the Object +ttributes tab! lick on the +dd button! The +dd +ttribute dialog bo* should appear filled with the promoted

attributes of all nodes in the network ;if )ou do not see the attributes in the list$ close the whole project and reopen it=! Dou need to add the &nterarri7al Time attribute for all nodes! To do that: a! lick on the first attribute in the list ;Office Network!node9:!Traffic ?eneration E!= lick the 'ildcard button lick on node9: and choose the asterisk ;F= from the drop0down menu lick O2! b! + new attribute is now generated containing the asterisk ;the second one in the list=$ and )ou need to add it b) clicking on the corresponding cell under the +ddG column! c! The +dd +ttribute dialog bo* should look like the following! lick O2!

Step 1>: Now )ou should see the Office Network!F!Traffic ?eneration Parameter E in the list of simulation object attributes! bo*! Step ":: +dd the following nine 7alues! ;Note: To add the first 7alue$ double0click on the first cell in the Halue column T)pe Ie*ponential ;"=J into the te*tbo* and hit enter! .epeat this for all nine 7alues!= lick on that attribute to select it lick the Halues button of the dialog

Step "1:

lick O2! Now look at the upper0right corner of the Simulation

onfiguration dialog bo* and

make sure that the Number of runs in set is >!

Step "": /or each simulation of the nine runs$ we need the simulator to sa7e a IscalarJ 7alue that represents the Ia7erageJ load in the network and to sa7e another scalar 7alue that represents the a7erage throughput of the network! To sa7e these scalars we need to configure the simulator to sa7e them in a file! lick on the +d7anced tab in the onfigure Simulation dialog bo*! Step "%: +ssign #)our initialsK9Ethernet9 oa* to the Scalar file te*t field!

lick O2 and then sa7e )our project!

C*oo'e t*e Stat"'t"c' To choose the statistics to be collected during the simulation: Step ",: .ight0click an)where in the project workspace ;but not on one of the nodes or links= and select hierarch)! a! E*pand the Traffic Sink hierarch) lick the check bo* ne*t to Traffic .ecei7ed lick the check bo* ne*t to Traffic Sent ;packets<sec= ;make sure )ou select the statistic with units of packets<sec=$ b! E*pand the Traffic Source hierarch) ;packets<sec= and lick O2! Step "-: Now to collect the a7erage of the abo7e statistics as a scalar 7alue b) the end of each simulation run: a! Select hoose Statistics ;+d7anced= from the Simulation menu! b!The Traffic Sent and Traffic .ecei7ed probes should appear under the ?lobal Statistic Probes! c! .ight0click on Traffic .ecei7ed probe Edit +ttributes! Set the scalar data attribute to enabled Set the scalar t)pe attribute to time a7erage figure click O2! d! .epeat the pre7ious step with the Traffic Sent probe! e! Select sa7e from the /ile menu in the Probe 4odel window and then close that window! f! Now )ou are back to the Project Editor! 4ake sure to sa7e )our project! ompare to the following hoose &ndi7idual Statistics from the pop0up menu E*pand the ?lobal Statistics

Ru# t*e S"!u%at"o# To run the simulation: Step "3: lick on the onfigure<.un Simulation button: second;s= ;not hours= is assigned to the Curation )our processor$ this ma) take se7eral minutes to complete! Step "6: Now the simulator is completing nine runs$ one for each traffic generation interarri7al time ;representing the load into the network=! Notice that each successi7e run takes longer to complete because the traffic intensit) is increasing! Step "8: +fter the nine simulation runs complete$ click lose and Sa7e )our project! 'hen )ou rerun the simulation$ OPNET &T ?uru will IappendJ the new results to the results alread) in the scalar file! To a7oid that$ delete the scalar file before )ou start a new run! ;Note: Celeting the scalar file after a run will result in losing the collected results from that run!= Step ">: ?o to the /ile menu Select 4odel /iles Celete 4odel /iles Select ; !os=: Output Scalars Select the scalar file to be deletedL in this lab it is #)our initialsK9Ethernet9 oa*9Scalar onfirm the deletion b) clicking O2 lick lose! 3"ew t*e Re'u%t' To 7iew and anal)(e the results: Step %::Select Hiew .esults ;+d7anced= from the .esults menu! Now the +nal)sis onfiguration tool is open! Step %1: .ecall that we sa7ed the a7erage results in a scalar file! To load this file$ select 5oad Output Scalar /ile from the /ile menu B from the pop0up menu! Step %": Select reate Scalar Panel from the Panels menu B +ssign Traffic Source!Traffic Sent ;packets<sec=!a7erage to Aori(ontal B +ssign Traffic Sink!Traffic .ecei7ed ;packets<sec=!a7erage to Hertical B lick O2. Select #)our initialsK9Ethernet0 oa* 4ake sure that 1lick .un! Cepending on the speed of

Step %%: The resulting graph should resemble the one below:

RESU4T: Thus the tokenbus was implemented and 7erified successfull) using OPNET!