DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

PAPER PRESENTATION
ON

ARTIFICIAL RENEWABLE ENERGY
USING NANO TREES
Submitted by
A.R.VISHNU KUMAR (lV-yr EEE),
vishnueee1@gmail.com(09790547787).
AND
N.R.SURENDRABABU (lV-yr EEE),
nrsurendrababu@gmail.com(8489891021).
NANO TREE USING POWER PRODUCTION
Keywords: Nano leaves thermo voltaic,
photovoltaic and piezoelectric
Abstract:
Harvesting energy from the environment is
important, natural trees and plants do this
efficiently already for millions of years. Our
invention is the mimicking of this ingenious concept
also referred to as bio mimicry or bio mimetic. I n
particular this invention relates to the shape and
form of leaves and needles and their incorporated
nonmaterials that allows the Nano leaf to harvest,
capture environmental energies like solar radiation,
wind and sound and convert this into electricity, the
Nano leaves made from a flexible substrate, is
exploited on both sides, using a process called thin-
film deposition which will be incorporated in
thermo and photovoltaic material for the purpose of
converting solar radiation (light and heat). I n
addition we introduce piezoelectric connective
elements that connect/affix the leaf to the plant or
tree, this not only allows quick and secure assembly
but it also serves for turning wind energy into
electricity. Furthermore we intend to get our Nano
leaves as close to real as possible, one way to
achieve this is to emboss the leaves, creating a
three-dimensional leaf surface image, which is
beneficial for harvesting and capturing solar
radiation.
The invention advances upon all prior art artificial
leaves, needles and grasses including water based
plants, this method not only foresees an economical
and efficient way to harvest solar radiation and
wind energy via incorporation of thermo-
photovoltaic and piezoelectric materials but also
reveals a method for affixing artificial leaves that
can harvest and capture solar radiation, wind
energy and energy generated from falling rain and
hail, providing an aesthetically pleasing and natural
looking artificial leaves and needles that can be
affixed to trees, plants, shrubs and water based
plants. Furthermore the main advantage of these
Nano leaves is that these leaves are converting more
energy than the solar panels. When we compared
the energy produced from Nano leaf tree to the
energy produced with the solar panels, we found out
that artificial Nano trees are converting solar
radiation (light and heat) and wind(3 in 1) 130kwh
p/in
2
per year 370 euro p/in and solar panels are
converting sun light 90Kwh p/in2 580p/in
2
.About
the usage of this energy, this electrical energy can
be used for driving the car which will reduce the use
of the fossil fuels and can be used to enlighten the
house. I t concludes by stating that the scope of the
renewable energy from the Nano leaf tree in a
relatively modern field will tend to solve the very big
problems for the world like global warming.

1. Introduction:
Today much debate has been going on in scientific
circles about how real is the phenomenon of global
warming and what would be mankinds response in
averting the consequence of it. Realizing this, steps
have been taken to reduce the use of fossil-based
energy and substituting the same with renewable
sources such as solar and wind energy etc. Till now
we are producing the electrical energy with the
means of either wind mills (only the effect of wind)
or solar panels (only the effect of solar energy) so far
but all the two forms of these energies we are not
using in same system. If we will do so then surely we
can get the more efficient system than ever we had.
So here in this paper we will demonstrate how an
artificial tree will produce the electrical energy by
using both (wind as well as solar) energies .For
constructing the artificial tree the first step is to
construct the nano leaves .The nano leaf will consist
of two transparent conducting layers one at the top
and other one at the bottom .Between these two
layers we are placing thin film photo voltaic layer to
convert the sunlight into electrical energy and thin
film thermo voltaic layer to convert the thermal
radiation into electricity [1].The nano leaves then
connected to twigs and branches using tiny
piezoelectric elements that convert the movements of
the leaves caused by wind and rain into more
electricity. It will be interesting to know that one tree
depending on the size and location, can produce
between 2000 and 12000 kHz per year [2] plus the
trees provide shade and function as a windbreak.

2. Why Nano leaves:
We know very well that piezoelectric
crystals, photo voltaic cell and thermo voltaic cells
are used to convert the one form of energy into
electrical energy but till now we are not using these
all the techniques in the single system. Think if we
are mingling these all the techniques in single system
then surely different types of energies coming to the
system can be converted into huge amount of
electrical energy. So for this, the only and the best
solution is the Nano leaves because the leaves on a
tree get all these types of energies such as solar
energy from sun, wind energy as well as stress from
the rain and for converting these all the energies into
electrical energy all the above mentioned techniques
we are having in a single nano leaf. The other main
motive to choose nano leaves is that the size is small
and compact. The other main advantage of using
Nano leaves is that it can produce more electrical
energy than the solar panels.

Fig. (1) View of solar panels and nano leaves trees
Table (1): Comparison b/w solar cells & nano trees
in production field.
S.No. Solar Cells Nano leaves
1. 90kwh/in
2
130kwh/in
2

2. It can produce power
from solar energy
only
It can produce power
from solar, wind and
from rain also
3. Overview of Nano leaves
Technology:
One of the emerging nanotechnologies related to
renewable energy is nano leaves and stems of
artificially created trees or plants. They are intended
to harness energy provided by the wind and sun,
thereafter converting it into electrical energy
Moreover, to better understand the fundamental of
nano leaves, we have to dig into an innovative field
of technologic development, called Bio mimicry


4. Overview of Bio mimicry
Technology:
The nano leaves have been specially designed to
imitate the natural process of photosynthesis. A
mechanism by which, typical plants absorb the light
emitted by the sun and CO2 in the atmosphere. The
artificial trees do even copy the natural re-cycling
process oxygen.
It is very recent that nano leaves technology started to
reap even more advanced levels. It can now harvest
thermal energy as well. Moreover, the leaves fixed on
artificial trees are also able to collect energy derived
through movement of the wind, known as kinetic
energy, which is as well converted into electrical
energy.
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5. Compositon of Nano leaves:
The nano-technology was initially developed to
harness solely solar energy. However, nowadays it
has widespread uses. It exploits various alternative
sources of energy like wind, solar and thermal
energy. Furthermore, these highly advanced artificial
plants and/or trees use tiny cells to capture energy.
6. Construction of Nano leaves:
In order to construct the nano leaves we need solar
panel, thermo voltaic cell, piezo voltaic cell and
photo voltaic cell. The construction of nano leaves is
very easy. In this first of all we are creating two
transparent conducting layers of silica which will act
as the outer body of the leaf. After this we are placing
one solar cell in between these two layers which is
used to convert the solar energy into electrical energy
then we are placing the piezovoltaic cell, thermo
voltaic cell and photo voltaic cell. These all the cells
are interconnected to the highly conducted metal film
to complete the circuit for the flow of electrons and
protons. The piezoelectric generator is placed on the
bottom of the leaf which is used to convert the stress
due to rain and wind into the electrical energy. Now
these leaves are connected to the twigs of the
artificial tree. Then these small twigs are connected
to the stem of the tree with the means of the
piezoelectric crystal to covert the stress of the twig
also into electrical energy. The electrical energy from
the all leaves and twigs is stored at the bottom of the
tree by using the storing device.

Fig.(2):Construction of Nano Leaf
7. How it Works:
Piezoelectric is a simple concept to generate
electricity that comes from the pressure. We have
used the exact meaning of the term, in order to create
a sustainable energy resource by using light, heat and
wind.

Fig(3). Absorption of three natural effects in one leaf
When the force from the outside, like the wind
blowing the leaves [with the volume a little or a
lot].Pd on the spot, mechanical stresses appear in the
leaves, twigs, stems and braches. This process can
then generate millions of watts of Pico which
efficiently be converted into electricity. That way, the
stronger the wind, the energy produced will be more
and more distinguished. During the day, nano leaves
reflect the green light in sunlight and use
photoelectric nano spheres to convert the rest of the
visible light into electricity. Thermoelectric nano
wires /antennas convert heat from infrared light, or
thermal radiation, into electricity throughout the day,
since the earth continuously absorbs thermal
radiation and then radiates it, even after dark. It has
also found out in the research that with the right
material shape and size, nano antennas could harvest
up to 92% of the energy at infrared wavelengths.
WORKING OF PHOTO VOLATIC CELLS
IN NANO LEAVE TECHNOLOGY:
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When the sunlight strikes the photo
voltaic cells the thin p-doped upper
layer absorbed the electrons in the n-
layer which causes formation of
conduction electrons and holes.
These conduction electrons and holes
are separated by depletion region
potential of the P-N junction.
When a load is connected across the
cell; the depletion region potential
causes the photo current to the inverter
in the tree trunk.

8: Best Places to use Nano leaves:
The use of piezo voltaic, thermo voltaic and
photovoltaic cells does effectively convert an
amalgamation of energy sources into electricity.
Artificial energy trees can be used for both domestic
and even industrial purposes. According to research,
erecting an approximate of six meter area of nano
leaves can produce enough energy for an average
household. More, intricate is that, artificial trees can
be constructed at various areas, like

8.1 Desert:
The earth has large areas of unexploited deserts
which can be used to generate a massive amount of
electricity, if artificial trees were planted. The energy
produced could be used to solve the most
predominant challenge in desert; provide electricity
to power desalination. The desalinated water could
thereafter be used for irrigation and drinking
purposes. The fragile desert environment would
hardly be affected by such a project yet the benefits
are extensive. To further minimize the environmental
impact on desert, the artificial trees could be planted
alongside roads, coasts and other areas where it
would protect inhabitants from sandstorms and
provide constant shade form the sun.[5]

8.2 Golf courses, Recreation ground and
parks:
Artificial golf courses, recreational grounds and parks
could have artificial plants and trees planted to
supply electricity for at least a portion of recreational
parks. For golf course, the nano leaves could fuel
ground maintenance vehicles.

8.3 Office Parking and industrial zone:
The multi-fold benefits of planting trees near office
parking and industrial zone are numerous. It provides
with electricity to office, parking lights and other
uses. Moreover, it does also provide with shade from
the sun and offers an aesthetic landscaping.

9. Important trends of artificial
nanoleaves trees in future:
The electrical energy produced by these
nano trees can be used to drive the cars.
To enlighten the home.
For business purpose.
It can be used as the balancing factor
between power prediction and environment.
The main advantage is that it is used in
efficient and green energy production which
can restrict global warming.[4]
10. Cost Analysis:
As far as we concern about the cost of one nano leaf,
it is around 105 paisa.
So if a tree is having 10,000 leaves then it can be
constructed within Rs.15, 000 including stem and
twigs. Thus for the renewable energy sources it is a
very cheaper solution.
11. Production Analysis:
As we go for the production its one leaf can produce
1.20 V with a current of 100ma. So the total power
produced by the one leaf
Power = 1.20*100
=0.12W.
Table (2): Quantity Produced from the tree
S.No.
Quantity Current Voltage
Power
1.
One Leaf
100mA 1.25 V 0.125W
2.
One Tree

12500W
12. Analysis of Maximum Power Using
Maximum Power Point Tracking
System:
If there is an increase in power, the subsequent
perturbation should be kept the same to reach
the MPP and if there is a decrease in power, the
perturbation should be reversed.The Perturbation
is caused by changing the Duty Ratio of Buck
Converter.

Fig (4): Graph of the maximum power production

Incrementing (decrementing) the voltage
increases (decreases) the power when operating
on the left of the MPP and decreases (increases)
the power when on the right of the MPP. [7]

Fig.(5). Oscillations of power about MPP.
The above graph shows the Oscillations about
MPP as well Drift during rapidly changing
isolation & trade-off between dynamic response
and precision of tracking.
13. Conclusion:
We understand that energy efficiency is more
important than ever. We also believe that the visual
character of the landscape greatly influences us and
leaves a lasting impression on how we feel. That's
why we offer the unique properties of our Triple
efficient nanoleaves Trees. We have developed the
first multifunctional renewable energy systems that
actively converts Light, Heat and Wind into useable
electricity, day and night, and we are continuously
looking for ways to make them as efficient as
possible, from the materials we use for our Nano
leaves like nano- Photovoltaic (to convert the visible
light into electricity), Thermo voltaic (to convert
thermal differences into electricity) and Piezo voltaic
(to convert mechanical movement into electricity) up
to our durable tree structures, we've got it covered
when it comes to energy efficiency. As a whole we
can say that these artificial trees not only will make
the world stable in the field of energy but also will
reduce the use of fossil fuel which is the main cause
for the worlds largest problem Global Warming.

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14. References:
1. http:/www.brighthub.com/environment/rene
wable
2. Renewable Energy and Efficiency
Partnership (August 2004). "Glossary of
terms in sustainable energy regulation".
3. Energy and the Environment, Jack J
Kraushaar and Robert A Ristinen, section
4.2 Energy from the Sun pg.92
4. World Wind Energy Association
(2008). Wind turbines generate more than
1 % of the global electricity
5. World watch Institute and Center for
American Progress (2006). American
energy: The renewable path to energy
security.
6. International Energy Agency (2006). World
Energy Outlook 2006.

7. Hannes Knopf, Analysis, Simulation and
Evaluation of Maximum Power Point
Tracking (MPPT) methods for a Solar
Powered Vehicle , M.S. thesis in Electrical
and Computer Science, Portland State
University, 1999



ENERGY CONSERVATION IS ENERGY GENERATION


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