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Production of the constant-voltage constant-current power
supply to the PIC control
and charging of lithium-ion rechargeable battery, can be used in a laboratory
I made a constant voltage constant-current power supply.
This is the power supply of the switching system using the PWM of PIC16F819.
[Overview]
Because it is a linear regulation scheme, fine, heat is a constant voltage constant current power of previous work,
and to occur, so did not use the PIC only only measurement, reproducibility not good enough
there was a place that lacks.
So, PIC16F819 despite the small size, PWM output of the CCP and the A / D converter
because it is built-in, constant voltage constant current power supply was controlled by a switching system using this
you have created a. The primary use of in the present circumstances, has become the charging of lithium-ion battery. Because
you do not heat most, even if it passed through the charging current for a long time, you can rest assured emotionally. The output
voltage can be varied from 10V to 0V, the output current can be set up to 1A from a maximum 0. I think so you can easily adjust,
reproducibility is high. I always displayed on the liquid crystal display device, the current state output voltage, current, voltage
setting, such as the current course will. If you are made as follows, appearance can knob and right voltage setting, the maximum
current setting. Light-emitting diode of the output terminal left side is, that the output current limit has begun represents. Maximum
output is 0 ~ 10V 1A.
[Basic Configuration]
The overall configuration, are as shown below. A switching system by the PWM of PIC
I am to control the output voltage.
The pulse of the PWM, as a 9-bit resolution at 20 MHz clock, 40 kHz I have the period of. Circuit diagram was created
based on this configuration is the following. Switching operation itself is done in the transistor 2SA1741. Here because of the high
voltage can not be driven directly in PIC. So, we have drive by adding another transistor. I am controlled by PWM of the PIC
this drive transistor. It is to control the duty cycle of the PWM pulse, but the output voltage value and the measured value of the
load current and has been controlled by feeding back the measured values. The load current, and then amplified by the op amp
voltage drop value of a resistor of 0.5 for Current Measurement First You are channel 0 of the A / D converter input of the PIC
so as to be 2.5V when the 1A. The output voltage value is divided by the resistor, so as to be 2.5V when the 10V output, it
also then we also have a channel 1 of the A / D converter input of the PIC. The input to the PIC of the set value of voltage and
current, the 2.5V is the reference voltage of the A / D conversion by dividing a variable resistor, we have the channel 2 and 3 of
the A / D conversion input of PIC respectively. Use as a set value of up to 1A and 10V maximum at this. The +5 V power supply
of the op amp and PIC, I have created a three-terminal regulator from 15V of Omoto. Order to improve the accuracy, 2.5V
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reference voltage for A / D conversion is, I used the standard voltage IC. It is possible to obtain an accurate 2.5V in this. The
flywheel diode of the switching, I use a fast recovery diode. Current of as much as the load is also flows here, those of larger
current value of the diode it would help to select. I used things 120H 2A is in the choke coil, but because it is a little bigger, and
a 1A class and I think I may. file of pattern diagrams and circuit diagrams are below. Please use WinBoard and WinDraft of
IVEX company. Please print to fit the exact size by reducing appropriately the size of the BMP file. pattern diagram
schematic and BMP files pattern diagram
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[Appearance of the control board]
Control board because it allowed to run all PIC switching control, I am clean.
It with a radiator to the switching transistor, so a little heat at the maximum load
has. It is a large choke coil so for 2A. Control the entire board PIC16F819 it's in the lower left 2SA1741, of the control transistor
to the right of the top-left 1R5NU41, the fast recovery diode choke coil, smoothing capacitor, of 0.5 we, along with the current
measurement resistor. Details of the PIC around I am side by side with 78L05, 2SC1815, LM385 in the upper left. Pattern
surface so you can sufficient pattern of wide artwork is easy. Large capacity of 10F as smoothing capacitor I'm using a ceramic
capacitor. Ripple frequency of 40kHz in this get rid of cleanly.
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[Appearance and implementation of the case]
As it is the case when it is used at a constant voltage constant-current power supply of the series regulator method of previous
work
has been diverted. Control board because now considerably smaller than previous work, I can be implemented easily. Display
unit and operation unit all on the front panel and I have attached the. Current limit setting, lower the upper side of the right edge of
the knob is the voltage setting. Light-emitting diode to the left of the output terminal of an LED current limit in, I will light up
between the overcurrent. Is an internal implementation. The power of Omoto, the adapter of the switching method I used to
decompose. Is 15V1.6A type. There is room enough space, but the front panel has become full. Liquid crystal display of the
wiring to the light-emitting diode lamp of power I'm wired to the connector.
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[Program Overview]
The control program of the constant voltage constant current power supply, using the PIC16F819, I have written in the C
language.
I have created based on the C compiler of CCS Corporation.
Calculation of floats It contains, program size has become a little bigger. If you are look like the flow diagram below left, run the
control flow of one, the flow of the whole, has a display control of the liquid crystal display in the interrupt processing of the timer
0. In the interval of the timer interrupt 0, 0.3-second intervals, the liquid crystal display the current value and the set value of the
voltage-current Show me to. As the flow diagram below, by measuring the voltage and current output, execution and control
measurement, to check that it is not exceed the current set first, the duty and if over output voltage with low I will lower the.
Current is in the range, and then adjusting the duty value voltage to be the set voltage this time. I repeat this all the time. This
repetition period was about 400sec actual measurement. However display control of the liquid crystal display to enter the case,
it will be about 2msec. Current value of the voltage, it will be lower by the voltage drop at current measurement for resistance in
the measurement here I have corrected it in the program. The voltage drop at 0.5 so (current 0.5) V, for 10V full scale can be
corrected by the following formula becomes (current 0.5) 10. Correction voltage = measured value - (current value
20) Below is the HEX file and the source of this program. Please download. program source (C language) program HEX
file
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[Adjustment]
This is done by the following procedure adjustment of the constant-voltage constant-current power supply. While it is
connected to a suitable load of (1) 10W20 about, the current of the load in a multi-meter of 20k of R9 so that the
current value of the current measured value of the liquid crystal display is the same value while measure and adjust the
variable resistor . While it is connected to the same (2) load, while measuring the output voltage multimeter still is such that
the voltage present value of the liquid crystal display is the same, and adjusting the variable resistance of 500 of R4 will.
Repeat several times (3) above, current, voltage both to match the value of the multi-meter to adjust. Adjustment is
complete.
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