Bo co: Cng ngh bo qun v ch bin nng sn GVHD: HONG TH TRC

QUNH
B CNG THNG
TRNG I HC CNG NGHIP THC PHM TP.HCM
KHOA CNG NGH THC PHM
& &

TI: TM HI C!C PHNG PH!P B"O
#"N KHOAI T$% & 'IT NAM

G'H(: Hong Th Trc Qunh
)'TH:

Trn Th !i" Hu#$n %&&'&(&&)*
Trnh Th Thu Tr+ng %&&'&(&&*&
Trn Th !i" ,ung %&&'&(&&-&


-
T./HC0 1h2ng 3 4)&--
Bo co: Cng ngh bo qun v ch bin nng sn GVHD: HONG TH TRC
QUNH
567 08 9:U
R+u c; qu < 1h=c >n 1hi1 #u c;+ con ng?@i/ R+u c; qu cung cA. cho
con ng?@i nhi$u vi1+"in v "uBi Cho2ng/ D<uEi1 c;+ r+u c; qu ch; #u <
c2c 1hnh .hn F?@ng GH 1iIu hJ+/ H" <?Kng chA1 FL" 1rong r+u c; qu
1u# M1 nh?ng cJ v+i 1rN qu+n 1rOng 1rong 1r+o FPi chA1 v Ginh G?Qng/ ChA1
bRo 1rong r+u c; qu 1u# Chng nhi$u nh?ng GH 1iIu v cJ nhSng +Ei1 bRo
Chng 1hT 1h+# 1h F?Kc/ R+u c; qu cNn cung cA. cho cU 1hT nhi$u chA1
EUV cJ 12c GWng gii c2c FXc 1B .h21 sinh 1rong qu2 1rYnh 1iIu hJ+ 1h=c >n v
cJ 12c GWng chBng 12o bJnZ ,o FJ 1rong ch FX Ginh G?Qng c;+ con
ng?@iV r+u qu Chng 1hT 1hiu v ng# cng qu+n 1rOng/ TLi c2c n?[c .h21
1riTnV 1\ 1rOng r+u qu ng# cng 1>ng 1rong Ch]u .hn >n hng ng#
HUn 12" "?Ui 1riu G^n n?[c 1+ < 1h 1r?@ng <[n cho r+u qu/ Ngoi r+V
_i1 N+" 1huXc v`ng ChM hau nJng ]"V Fi$u Cin sinh 1h2i 1huan <Ki FT
1rbng c2c <oLi r+u qu cJ ngubn gBc F+ <c Ch2c nh+ud nhi1 F[iV can nhi1
F[i v n F[i v cho sn <?Kng c+o/ NhSng n>" gn F^#V n$n Cinh 1 _i1
N+" 1>ng 1r?eng Ch2V F@i sBng nh^n G^n F?Kc ci 1hinV nhu cu 1iIu G`ng
r+u c; qu 1>ng <InV vic EuA1 Ch]u r+u c; qu 1?Ui v r+u c; qu ch bin
.h21 1riTn nIn sn EuA1 r+u c; qu cfng 1>ng <In nhi$u/ Tu# nhiInV chng 1+
vgn cNn .hi chu nhi$u 1Pn 1hA1 s+u 1hu hoLch Go bo qun ch?+ hK. <c/ ,o
FJV 1Y" hiTu v$ c2c 1Mnh chA1 c;+ r+u c; quV c2c bin .h2. hLn ch c2c 1Pn
1hA1 s+u 1hu hoLchV cng 12c bo qun v ch bin r+u c; qu < "X1 vAn F$
cn qu+n 1^" hin n+#
Trong qu2 1rYnh <" b2o c2oV chng h" chic chin Chng 1r2nh nhSng 1hiu
EJ1/ 0ong nhan F?Kc sj FJng gJ. ch^n 1hnh c;+ gi2o viIn h?[ng Ggn/
Ch^n 1hnh c2" Un/
)
Bo co: Cng ngh bo qun v ch bin nng sn GVHD: HONG TH TRC
QUNH
M*C +*C
Tr+ng
5@i "e Fu )
-/ TPng qu+n v$ ngu#In <iu %
)/ C2c .h?Ung .h2. bo qun Cho+i 1^# e _i1 N+" '
)/- 0X1 sB ch c Chi bo qun Cho+i 1^# '
)/-/- _+i 1rN bo v c;+ chu bY '
)/-/) TrLng 1h2i ng; v .hNng Cho+i 1^# n# "" k
)/-/% lnh 1hBi Cho+i 1^# m
)/) Chu]n b 1r?[c Chi bo qun -&
)/% Ch FX bo qun Cho+i 1^# --
)/3 C2c .h?Ung .h2. bo qun --
)/3/- lo qun e Fi$u Cin 1h?@ng --
)/3/-/-lo qun 1rIn gin --
)/3/-/) lo qun 1rong Fi$u Cin 1hng giJ c?Qng b=c -%
)/3/) lo qun CMn -3
)/3/)/-lo qun Cho+i 1^# bnng c21 Ch -3
)/3/% lo qun bnng Cho <Lnh -*
%
Bo co: Cng ngh bo qun v ch bin nng sn GVHD: HONG TH TRC
QUNH
,.T-NG #AN ' NG%.N +I:
o !ho+i 1^# cJ 1In <+1inh < po<u+nu" 1ubhro su" 5/ Th^n v <2 c^#
Cho+i 1^# cJ nhi$u <ng/ 52 CR. <ng chi" Chng FBi E=ng/ c2c <2 chR1 cJ
Fqc FiT" < <u^n .hiIn Ehn Cr - <2 1o Fn - <2 nhs/
o Ho+ c^n FBi/ c2nh ho+ cJ gBc GMnh <i$n nh+u/ Nh Fjc C1 GMnh 1hnh
Bng hoqc chJ. cW1/ nh c2i tnhW#u e 1rIn v GH rWngV
o C^# Cho+i 1^# ch; #u < <oLi 1j 1hW .hAnV nhung cfng cJ 1r?@ng hK.
gi+o .hAn/
o 0u sic c;+ c2nh ho+ < Fqc FiT" FT .h^n bi1 c2c giBng/ C2nh ho+ cJ
c2c "ud 1ringV 1M" v FsV 1M" v E+nhV E+nh 1hg"/
o Qu cJ ) / HL1 rA1 nhs cJ "" uBn cong/
o !ho+i 1^# 1h?@ng F?Kc nh^n giBng bnng c; hoqc < "X1 .hn c;+ c;/
0Wc FMch c;+ vc 1rbng Cho+i 1^# < FT <A# c;/ C; < .hn .hYnh c;+ 1h^n
c^# nn" G?[i FA1/ C; Cho+i 1^# cJ nhi$u ""/ Th?@ng "" e Fwnh "Oc
1hnh c^# con/ 8 .hn G?[i c;+ c; cNn <Li sxo nUi c; F?Kc nBi v[i cuBng
c;/
o 0i1 ng; c; Cho+i 1^# < nhSng "" c^# F?Kc 1Lo 1hnh e c2c n2ch <2
Chng .h21 1riTn/ 0" ng; e "yi "i1 1h?@ng < "X1 sBV .hn <[n cJ %
""/ C2c "i1 ng; 1rIn c; Cho+i 1^# F?Kc .h^n bB 1hho F?@ng Eoin Bc/
3
Bo co: Cng ngh bo qun v ch bin nng sn GVHD: HONG TH TRC
QUNH
Chng F?Kc .h^n bB Chng F$u 1rIn b$ "q1 c;/ Th?@ng F?Kc 1a. 1rung ch;
#u e .hn 1rIn c;+ c;V nUi cJ c2c " bo 1?Ung FBi 1rz hUn/
o 9qc FiT" gii .hgu ch; #u c;+ c;+ Cho+i 1^# gb" c2c .hn nh? s+ud
ngoi c`ng < <[. biTu bY/ 5[. n# Chi c; Cho+i 1^# chMn sr 12ch r+/ ,?[i
<[. biTu bY < <[. vs/ Trong 1hnh .hn c;+ vs cJ <[. bn bo v/ p+u FJ <
<[. gb" c2c 1 bo nh? " giu 1inh bX1 v cJ <ibhV bJ "Lch gy/ Ton bX
.hn 1rung 1^" c;+ c; < c2c 1 bo nh? " <[nV v2ch "sng ch=+ F# 1inh
bX1/ {hn vs v .hn <|i c; giu 1inh bX1 nn" C can <[. 1h?Kng 1ng/ C2c
bJ "Lch Ggn CR" .h21 1riTn/ C2c hK. chA1 cJ ch=+ FL" .hn <[n F?Kc .h^n
bB e vs/ !hi b E^# s21 hoqc b G+o ci1V e nUi b 1h?Ung 1Mch hYnh 1hnh <[.
bn "[i bnng c2ch 1Lo 1hnh c2c v2ch song song v[i v1 ci1 FT .h^n chi+ 1
bo/
/. C!C PHNG PH!P B"O #"N KHOAI T$% &
'IT NAM:
/., M01 23 456 7 859 :;< =>;? 85<@9 1AB:
/.,., '@9 1CD :;< EF 4G@ 45> :H:
o 0X1 1rong nhSng Fqc FiT" c;+ c; Cho+i 1^# < cJ Ch n>ng hYnh 1hnh vs
"[i e chy E^# s21 cU hOcV Go FJ bo v cho c; Chng b nhiH" 1r`ng/
NhSng " "[i hYnh 1hnh vs FJ gOi < chu bY v1 1h?Ung/ Chu bY v1
1h?Ung cfng giBng nh? chu bY 1j nhiIn Chng nhSng < hng ro cU hOc
ng>n ng}+ c2c vi sinh va1 g^# bnh <c 1hjc va1V " cNn < hng ro hJ+ hOc
vY 1hnh .hn c;+ nJ cJ "X1 chA1 Ch2ng sinh/ 0X1 sB hK. chA1 .hhno< v
Ggn EuA1 c;+ chng 1h+" gi+ CMch 1hMch qu2 1rYnh hYnh 1hnh .hn =ng e v1
1h?Ung/ Chy v1 1h?Ung cNn E# r+ qu2 1rYnh 1Png hK. chA1 b]nV +ciG
nuc<hicV .ro1hinV +ciG +scorbic/ Ngoi chA1 b]n r+ 1rong Chi sinh chu bY Fbng
1h@i sn sinh chA1 FXc 1Lo hng ro hJ+ chA1 1rIn F?@ng E^" nha. c;+ vi
'
Bo co: Cng ngh bo qun v ch bin nng sn GVHD: HONG TH TRC
QUNH
sinh va1/ Trong sB c2c chA1 FXc FJ cJ s1hroic g<ico+nc+noicd ~o so<+nin v ~o
ch+conin/
o po v[i chu bY 1j nhiIn c;+ c; 1hY h" <?Kng c2c chA1 s1hori1 g<ico+nc+<oi1
1rong chu bY v1 1h?Ung 1hA. hUn/ Ngoi r+ v[i c; <nh chng ch; #u 1a.
1rung e <[. chu bY cNn v[i c; b 1h?Ung chS+ <nh <Li hYnh 1hnh e c2c 1
bo bA1 C 1rong c;/ 9^# cfng < ngu#In nh^n <" cho c; b s?Kng Chi
<uXc/
o 9i$u Cin 1hMch hK. FT hYnh 1hnh chu bY v1 1h?Ung gb"d nhi1 FX
Chong )&
o
C FX ]" 1?Ung FBi c;+ Chng ChM gn -&& v 1ho2ng ChM 1j
nhiIn chy cJ v1 1h?Ung/ Qu2 1rYnh hYnh 1hnh chu bY v1 1h?Ung sr cha"
nu nbng FX oE# 1rong "i 1r?@ng Eung qu+nh EuBng 1[i -& 1hY qu2 1rYnh
n# Chng 1i. GiHn F?Kc/
o Thjc 1 vic cung cA. oE# vo chy v1 1h?Ung c;+ 1}ng c; 1rong FBng
Cho+i Chng .hi < GH Gng bnng 1ho2ng giJ 1j nhiIn vY ngoi 1re <jc c;+
c2c .hn 1 1rong < cNn cJ sj ng>n cn c;+ c2c "ng "sng sn .h]" Go
hoL1 FXng sBng c;+ c2c c; 1hi r+ nh? n?[cV ChM C
)
h1#<hnZ9T Chic .hWc
"ng "sng FJ cn .hi 2. GWng .h?Ung .h2. 1hng giJ c?Qng b=c/
o NghiIn c=u cho 1hA# rnngV nu quL1 <iIn 1Wc Chng ChM vo Cho 1rong vNng
-% ng# "yi ng# (hV 1Bc FX GNng Chng ChM &V)o&V3"4s 1hY ng# 1h= ) hYnh
1hnh chu bY v1 1h?Ung/ p+u * ng# chy v1 1h?Ung F cJ * <[. 1 bo chu
bY v s+u -% ng# <In 1[i ko( <[./ _[i 1Bc FX giJ &V-"4s sj hYnh 1hnh chu
bY rA1 cha"/ T>ng 1Bc FX GNng Chng ChM <In &V(o-V)"4sV chy v1 1h?Ung b
Ch Fi v EuA1 hin v1 n=1V s+u * ng# sB <[. 1 bo c;+ chu bY chw -o) <[.
v s+u -% ng# )o3 <[./ 9Bi v[i "gu 1hng giJ 1j nhiIn s+u * ng# cJ ) <[.
1 bo "[i hYnh 1hnh v s+u -% ng# cJ 3o' <[./ Nh? va# 1Bc FX GNng
Chng ChM 1hMch hK. FT hYnh 1hnh chu bY v1 1h?Ung Chong &V)o&V3 "4s/
Nu 1Bc FX <[n hUn &V'"4s sr g^# nIn "A1 n?[cV Go FJ s=c Ch2ng c;+ c;
gi"/
*
Bo co: Cng ngh bo qun v ch bin nng sn GVHD: HONG TH TRC
QUNH
o !ho+i s+u Chi Fo F?Kc 1hng giJ c?Qng b=c ng+# 1hY v1 1h?Ung <nh
cng nh+nh/ Th@i gi+n 1Lo Fi$u Cin FT hYnh 1hnh chu bY v1 1h?Ung gOi <
1h@i gi+n Fi$u 1r/ T`# 1huXc vo giBng Cho+i v Fi$u Cin c;+ "i
1r?@ngt nhi1 FXV FX ]"V FX 1ho2nguV 1h@i gi+n n# Chong -'o%& ng#/ p+u
1h@i gi+n FJ .hi gi" nhi1 FX v <?Kng Chng ChM 1r+o FPi 1rong Cho /
o Tho2ng giJ c?Qng b=c Chng nhSng cJ 12c GWng 1Lo chu bY v1 1h?Ung "
cNn n^ng c+o 1Mnh chA1 1j bo v c;+ chu bY 1j nhiIn e c;V Fqc bi1 qu+n
1rOng FBi v[i Cho+i ch?+ 1ha1 gi/
/.,./. TCI?J 15K9 ?JG EL M5D?J 85<@9 1AB ?;B NON:
o TrLng 1h2i c;+ c; 1rong FJ c2c " .h^n sinh ch?+ chu#Tn s+ng 1rLng 1h2i
sinh 1r?eng gOi < 1rLng 1h2i ng;/ TrLng 1h2i ng; < "X1 1rong nhSng qu2
1rYnh 1un 1j Ggn Fn sj sinh 1r?eng v .h21 1riTn/ 9^# < gi+i FoLn 1Lo 1Mnh
chA1 v 1hMch nghi v[i Fi$u Cin "i 1r?@ng Chng 1huan <Ki FT c^# sinh
1r?eng/
o Trong c; Cho+i 1^# chw cJ nhSng " .h^n sinh < ng;V cNn 1rong c2c "
Ch2c vgn 1i. GiHn nhSng qu2 1rYnh sinh hJ+ Ch2c nh?d hYnh 1hnh chu bY v1
1h?Ung v 1>ng Ch n>ng F$ Ch2ng v[i bnh vi sinh 1hjc va1/
o Trong bo qun nu CRo Gi 1h@i gi+n ng; v hLn ch sj n# "" 1hY sr
gi" F?Kc 1Pn 1hA1/
k
Bo co: Cng ngh bo qun v ch bin nng sn GVHD: HONG TH TRC
QUNH
o 9T FL1 F?Kc "Wc FMchV F cJ nhi$u nghiIn c=u Ch2c nh+u nh?d 1>ng gi"
quL1 oE# v Cho chiu 1i+ .hJng ELZ/ 0X1 1rong c2c h?[ng "[i cJ 1riTn
vOng 1B1 nhA1 < s GWng hoc"on 1hjc va1/ c2c hoc"on n# v}+ FT CMch
1hMch sinh 1r?eng v CY" h" sinh 1r?eng/ T2c GWng CMch 1hMch n# CY"
h" sinh 1r?eng 1`# 1huXc vo nPng FX v 1hI" nhSng chA1 .hW Ch2c/ 9qc
bi1 < 2c hor"onh 1hjc va1 rA1 nhL# c" chw cn nbng FX rA1 1hA. F 1hT
hin 12c GWng sinh hOc/ !hi 1iI" vo "X1 .hn no FJ c;+ c^# h+# c; nJ GH
Gng chu#Tn qu+ .hn Ch2c/ C2c chA1 hor"onh 1hjc va1 cJ 12c GWng rXng/
0X1 chA1 hor"onh 1hjc va1 cJ 1hT nh h?eng 1[i ""V ho+ c2c bX .han
ho+V <2 v Fn nhi$u c2c qu2 1rYnh Ch2c/
o Hin n+# nhSng chA1 hor"onh F?Kc s; GWng v[i Cho+i 1^# gb"d +usinV
gibhrh<inV si1oCininV +ciG +bsiic v h1#<hn/
o NhSng chA1 hiu chwnh sj n# "" c;+ Cho+i 1^# Chng .hi ngubn
hor"onh gb" "X1 c2c hK. chA1 cJ ngubn gBc .hhno< nh? +ciG c+hic v
sco.o<h1in
o Trong bo qun Cho+i FT ch bin 1hjc .h]" ng?@i 1+ F E2c Fnh F?Kc %
chA1 cJ 12c GWng 1B1 chBng Cho+i "Oc "" 0
-
V D0! v Tld
0
-
< hs1h "h1#<ic c;+ +Ei1 o n+.1i<+Eh1ic tC
-&
H
k
CH
)
CHu/ ,`ng 0o- e
GLng bX1 cJ h" <?Kng %V' 1rXn v[i FA1 sR1 "n ric <In Cho+i t%Cg b1 0o
- cho "1 1An Cho+i 1^#u/ HUi hs1h "h1#<ic c;+ +Ei1 on+.1i<+Eh1ic bc r+ 1}
1} v <iIn 1Wc FT 1hA" 1rIn b$ "q1 Cho+i/ CJ 1hT s GWng 1rong "Oi Fi$u
Cin v .hi .hun 1rjc 1i. <In c;V FX FXc v[i FXng va1 "2u nJng rA1 1hA./
Nh?Kc FiT" c;+ nJ < chw cJ 12c GWng Chi 1i. Ec 1rjc 1i. v[i c; nIn nu
bo qun 1rong Cho 1hY ChJ 1Lo FX .h^n 12n Chi. "Oi c;V "q1 Ch2c Chng
1huan 1in Chi bo qun 1hng giJ c?Qng b=c/
D0! t h#GroiG c;+ +ciG "+<hicu cJ nh?Kc FiT" < .hun vo c^# 1r?[c Chi
1hu hoLch )o% 1un sr <" gi" n>ng suA1/
(
Bo co: Cng ngh bo qun v ch bin nng sn GVHD: HONG TH TRC
QUNH
Tl t)V %V 'V * v 1h1r+c<oroni1robhno<u G`ng Tl e GLng bX1 e h" <?Kng
*V*V 1rXn v[i FA1 sR1 "n ric <In Cho+i t%Cg b1 Tl cho "X1 1An Cho+i 1^#u
12c GWng CY" h" 1hA. Go FJ chw G`ng FT bo qun Cho+i giBng/
oNhSng n>" gn F^# .hP bin hUn < G`ng h1#<hn/ 9T 1huan 1in ng?@i 1+
s GWng GLng ch .h]" " Chi .h^n h;# 1hY sinh r+ h1#<hnV "X1 1rong c2c
ch .h]" FJ < giGrhn/ 9J < "uBi h#Gr+inh c;+ +ciG ) v
c<oroh1#<.hos.horic/
o !hi Gung giGrhn Chng nhSng Chng nh h?eng 1[i Ch n>ng F$ Ch2ng
c;+ c; " cNn 1>ng FX b$n bo qun/ !ho+i M1 b bnh vY Chi giGrhn .h^n
h;# ngoi h1#<hn F?Kc gii .hJngV cNn cJ +ciG .ho1.horicV h#Gr+inh v ion
c<o cJ 1Mnh s21 1r`ng/
Ngoi .h?Ung .h2. G`ng hJ+ chA1 e "X1 sB n?[c F nghiIn c=u s GWng
.h?Ung .h2. chiu 1i+ v[i <i$u Chong ( Cr+G/ Nu <i$u c+o hUn sr <"
gi" s=c F$ Ch2ng c;+ c; FBi v[i vi sinh va1/
/.,.P BF?5 1539 85<@9 1AB:
o Trong bo qun Cho+i GH b 1hBi Go nA" "Bc v vi Chu]n g^# nIn/ NA"
"Bc v vi Chu]n cJ .hP bin 1rong FA1V Chng ChMV n?[c b]nV vY va# Chi 1hu
hoLch Cho+i F b nhiH" 1r`ng/ Nu Fi$u Cin 1hMch hK. chng .h21 1riTn
nh+nh v g^# 1hBi c;/ !hng ChMV n?[cV 1h=c >nV nhi1 v 1rLng 1h2i c;+
Cho+i nh h?eng 1rjc 1i. Fn Fn sj .h21 1riTn c;+ vi sinh va1/
o {hn <[n c2c vi sinh va1 1rIn Cho+i F$u 1huXc nhJ" h hA. hiu ChMV nIn
1hnh .hn Chng ChM 1rong FBng Cho+i ch=+ oE# nhi$u h+# M1V cJ nh
h?eng r| r1 Fn sj .h21 1riTn c;+ chng/
o TrIn vs c; Cho+i nu cJ n?[c ng?ng Go <" 1ho2ng Chng ChM Chng 1B1
h+# Chi 1hu hoLch Cho+i b ?[1 " Chng hong Ch < Fi$u Cin 1B1 FT vi
sinh va1 .h2 hoLi c;/
m
Bo co: Cng ngh bo qun v ch bin nng sn GVHD: HONG TH TRC
QUNH
o Nhi1 FX 1hMch hK. cho vi Chu]n v nA" "Bc .h21 1riTn Chong )&o%&
&
C/
Nu Cho+i 1hu hoLch cNn nonV vs "sng v b E+# s21 e nhi1 FX 1rIn 1hY
Cho+i rA1 chJng 1hBi/
o Trong bo qun 1h?@ng E# r+ c2c GLngd 1hBi ?[1V 1hBi ChV bnh FB"
ChV bnh E`i FhnZ/
lnh 1hBi ?[1 cJ 1hT E# r+ suB1 1h@i gi+n bo qun bi1 Fu 1} Chi 1hu
hoLch/ lnh rA1 GH <^# <+nV nu Chng .h21 hin v c2ch <# C. 1h@i s+u
)3h 1} "X1 c; g^# 1hBi r+ nhi$u c; Eung qu+nh v s+u %o3 ng# cJ 1hT
g^# hsng c ChBi <?Kng <[n/ !hi c; 1hBi 1hY "$"V rw n?[c v cJ "`i
1hBi/
!h2c v[i bnh 1hBi ?[1 1hBi Ch Chng rw n?[cV c; Chng "$" nhfn "
hRoV nh>n nhho vsV 1rIn vs c; cJ c2c "u n^u sg"/ bnh 1hBi Ch <^#
cfng nh+nhV nh?ng 1Bc FX Chng bnng 1hBi ?[1/ 8 nhi1 FX c+oV bnh <^#
<+n nh+nh v g^# 12c hLi <[n/
lnh FB" Ch Go c^# nhiH" bnh g^# nIn/ li1 Fu 1} <2 s+u FJ <+n Gn
EuBng c;/ 5c Fu cJ c2c "u sg" 1rIn vsV s+u FJ c2c chA" 1o Gn v
cfng s^u Gn vo 1h1 c;/
lnh E`i Fhn cJ GLng c2c nB1 nhs giBng nh? vs Cho+i b GMnh FA1/ NJ
bi1 Fu Chi cNn ngoi Fbng/ Trong 1h@i gi+n bo qun M1 1h+# FPiV nh?ng
1rong Fi$u Cin ]" v nJng c; sr "Oc "" v 1hBiV 1r?[c h1 < e c2c
FiT" E`i/
/./ C5>Q? :R 1CST4 859 :;< =>;?:
o <c 1r?[c Chi bo qun gb" ) gi+i FoLnd 1r?[c Chi 1hu hoLch v s+u Chi
1hu hoLch 1r?[c <c F?+ vo Cho/
o Nhi$u bnh Cho+i 1^# bi1 ngubn 1} Chi c^# .h21 1riTn vY va# FT gi" 1Pn
1hA1 1rong bo qun .hi .hNng bnh cho c; 1} Chi 1rbng /
-&
Bo co: Cng ngh bo qun v ch bin nng sn GVHD: HONG TH TRC
QUNH
o 9T .hNng bnh nA" .h#1o.h1hor+V Chi c^# c+o )&o%& c" .hi .hun Gung
Gch Fbng sun.h+1 -o) <n v[i nbng FX &V&-o&V&)/ Cfng cJ 1hT G`ng c2c
<oLi s+ud G`ng "uBi C+<i - v[i Gung Gch bocGo -V Gung Gch bocGo v[i
su.h.ho1.h+1 3V urht)&Cg4h+u v[i Fbng c<oru+ t)o3Cg4h+u
o Th@i gi+n 1hu hoLch v .h?Ung .h2. 1hu hoLch cfng nh h?eng nhi$u 1[i
FX b$n bo qun/ !ho+i giV 1h@i gi+n 1hu hoLch Ch r2oV M1 s^# s21 GH bo
qun/
o Tr?[c Chi F?+ vo bo qun .hi <" Ch b$ "q1 c; bnng c2ch 1hng giJ
1j nhiIn/ Ngoi 12c GWng <oLi bs ]" 1rIn b$ "q1 c; cNn 12ch F?Kc FA1V Go FJ
gi" F?Kc bnh 1hBi v bnh nA" .h#1o.h1hor+ g^# nIn/
o 9Bi vUM Cho+i giBng FT 1>ng s=c F$ Ch2ng cn FT ngoi 2nh s2ng (om ng#
cho vs hUi cJ "u E+nh/ 0uBn E+nh F$u 1hY .hi ri 1hnh <[. "sng FT 2nh
s2ng chiu vo "Oi c;/ p+u Chi <" E+nh 1hY v1 1h?Ung chJng <nh Fbng
1h@i 1Lo so<+nin nhi$u hUnV Go FJ gi" sj E^" nha. v .h21 1riTn c;+ vi
sinh va1/ _Y so<+nin FXc nIn 2. GWng .h?Ung .h2. n# FBi v[i Cho+i G`ng
ch bin 1h=c >n cn 1han 1rOngV 1h@i gi+n FT ngoi 2nh s2ng Chng qu2 3
ng#/
/.P C5U V0 :;< =>;? 85<@9 1AB:
o p+u Chi E} <c chA1 <?KngV F?+ Cho+i 1^# vo bo qun/ Di+i FoLn Fu t-&o
-3 ng#u < 1h@i gi+n Fi$u 1r v[i "Wc FMch 1Lo cho v1 1h?Ung chJng <nh/
Iu cu gi+i FoLn n# nhi1 FX -*o)&
&
CV FX ]" 1?Ung FBi c;+ Chng ChM
m&om' 1ho2ng ChM <iIn 1WcV 1r2nh ChM C
)
FOng <Li 1rong Cho v F" bo
oE# E^" nha. vo 1an c2c v1 1h?Ung/
o Di+i FoLn ) < gi+i FoLn nhi1 FX bo qun cn .hi hL EuBng FT gi"
hoL1 FXng sBng c;+ bn 1h^n c; cfng nh? vi sinh va1/ 9T ch bin 1hjc
.h]" nhi1 FX 1hMch hK. cho bo qun Chong (o-&
&
CV FX ]" Chng ChM ('o
--
Bo co: Cng ngh bo qun v ch bin nng sn GVHD: HONG TH TRC
QUNH
m& 1hnh .h]" 1rong Chong 1rBng c;+ < Cho+i chi" -*o-( v ChM
C
)
chw )o%
o Di+i FoLn % < gi+i FoLn chu]n b "Oc "" cho nIn cn hL nhi1 FX
EuBng 1hA. hUn nS+ t%o3
&
Cu Fbng 1h@i sj GWng c2c hJ+ chA1 =c ch sj n#
"" c;+ Cho+i/
/.W CK4 M5SX?J M5KM :;< =>;?:
/.W., B;< =>;? Y V9Z> 89F? 15S[?J:
/.W.,., B;< =>;? 1C\? J9L?:
o 9^# < .h?Ung .h2. bo qun FUn gin
nhA1V F?Kc 2. GWng e n?[c 1+ 1rong .hL"
vi gi+ FYnh v hK. 12c E v[i ChBi <?Kng
Chng <[n <i"/
o Din <" bnng gyV 1rhV n=+V cJ nhi$u
1ngV "yi 1ng cJ .hIn FT ch=+ Cho+i/
!hong c2ch chi$u c+o giS+ c2c 1ng <
%&o3& c"/ !Mch 1h?[c gin 1`# 1huXc vo Cho v 1huan 1in cho vic E. v
CiT" 1r+/ CAu 1rc Cho .hi F" bo Chng GX1V 1ho2ngV c2ch nhi1 1B1
nh?ng .hi 1Bi/ 9" bo 1ho2ng giJ cho "Oi gin/
o Tr?[c Chi Cho+i nha. Cho .hi v sinh Cho gin v s21 1r`ng/ CJ 1hT s
GWng c2c 1huBc s21 1r`ng s+ud n?[c vi )o)V' Cg 1rong -& <M1 n?[cV 1hI"
Gung Gch n?[c sun+1 %V ,,_{ % V "+n+1ion &V% v[i <?Kng 'ok
<M14-&&"
)
/ {hun bnng bYnh .hunV Chi. 1?@ngV n$nV 1rn nh v c2c GWng cW
1rong Cho/
o 9T chBng "Bc cho gin 1rhV gy nIn .hun Gung Gch sun+1 Fbng/
o p+u )o% ng# Chi Cho v gin Ch 1hY E. Cho+i <In gin/ Ch c <oLi nhSng
c; F "ic bnh hoqc E^# s21 nhi$u/ !hong -& ng# Fu chw nIn E. )o%
-)
Bo co: Cng ngh bo qun v ch bin nng sn GVHD: HONG TH TRC
QUNH
<[. FT F" bo 1ho2ng Chng ChM vo "Oi c;/ NIn "e c+ Cho FT 2nh s2ng
v 1ho2ng giJ 1j nhiIn 1B1 v[i "Wc FMch <" cho b$ "q1 Cho+i ChV v1
1h?Ung chJng <nh v 1Lo "X1 <?Kng nhs so<+nin FT 1>ng s=c F$ Ch2ng c;+
c;/ Nh? va#V Cho nIn <" 1hho h?[ng giJ cJ giJ 1ho2ng 1j nhiIn/ p+u gi+i
FoLn n#V 1>ng sB <[. Cho+i <In 3o' FT 1i1 Ci" Gin 1Mch bo qun/ Hng
1un .hi CiT" 1r+ FT <oLi 1r} C. 1h@i nhSng c; 1hBi/
/.W.,./ B;< =>;? 1C<?J V9Z> 89F? 15]?J J9^ 4S_?J :`4:
o Trong bo qun Chng 1hng giJV Cho+i h hA. "LnhV 1hi r+ "X1 <?Kng
nhi1 Ch2 <[nV <?Kng oE# 1rong FBng Cho+i gi" 1>ng <?Kng ChM C
)
Fbng
1h@i FX ]" Chng ChM 1>ngV g^# hin 1?Kng ng?ng 1W hUi n?[c <" vs Cho+i
?[1V <" cho Cho+i chJng 1hBi/
o Thho 0h1<iECiV Chi bo qun '&& 1An Cho+i e nhi1 FX -'o)&
&
C <?Kng nhi1
1ho21 r+ hng ng# Chong -'*&&&Cc+< v -'*Cg n?[c/ 9T Chic .hWc hin
1?Kng ng?ng 1W n?[c v ChM C
)
1rong FBng Cho+i Chi bo qun ChBi <?Kng
<[n cn 2. GWng .h?Ung .h2. 1hng giJ c?Qng b=c Z/
o Nh@ cJ h 1hng giJ c?Qng b=c F gii 1ho21 F?Kc nhi1V ]" v ChM C
)
Go qu2 1rYnh h hA. sinh r+V 1r2nh F?Kc hin 1?Kng FOng n?[c 1rIn b$ "q1
c; <" cho Cho+i "+u b 1hBiV 1Lo Fi$u Cin cho Cho+i chJng 1Lo r+ vs "[i/
Ngoi r+ Cho F?Kc E^# ng" G?[i "q1 FA1 nIn M1 nh h?eng Go bin FXng
c;+ 1h@i 1i1/
o Chi$u c+o FBng Cho+i %o3 " <?Kng Chng ChM cn 1hi1 .hi quL1 1Mnh 1hho
cng 1h=c
_Q4 &V%-/t1-o 1)u "
%
4ng#
TC<?J V^
Qo Nhi1 <?Kng .hi gii 1ho21 Chsi ChoV !c+<
&V%-o Nhi1 Gung 1rung bYnh c;+ Chng ChM
-%
Bo co: Cng ngh bo qun v ch bin nng sn GVHD: HONG TH TRC
QUNH
1
-
V 1
)
o Nhi1 FX 1rong Cho v Chng ChM quL1 vo ChoV
&
C
o Th@i gi+n quL1V ng#
/.W./ B;< =>;? 8a?:
/.W./.,B;< =>;? 85<@9 1AB :b?J 4K1 85]:
o lin .h2. bo qun Cho+i 1^# bnng c21 Ch rA1 cJ hiu qu/ p+u Chi bo
qun ' 1h2ngV c; Chng b "Oc ""V Chng b 1ho 1J. Go "A1 n?[cV 1\ <
h+o hW1 G?[i -&/ Qu# 1rYnh bo qun FUn ginV .h` hK. v[i qu# " hX
gi+ FYnh/
o Chu]n b va1 GWngV ho2 chA1 E <c
lo qun Cho+i 1^# bnng c21 cn s GWng "X1 sB ho2 chA1 E <c chBng n#
""V chBng nA"V Gi1 1r} vi Chu]n nh? 0HV _lCV Cl tC+rbhnG+i"uV
0/ 5?Kng G`ng FT E <c bo qun - 1An c; Cho+i 1^#d )&& g ClV -&& g
0HV % <M1 ch .h]" 0V ) ChBi t"
%
u c21/
o <c 1r?[c 1hu hoLch
Tr?[c 1hu hoLch ) o % 1unV .hun hyn hK. Gung Gch 0H &V) v _lC
&V) vo ruXng Cho+i 1^#/ {hun vo buPi s2ng s[" hoqc chi$u "uXnV .hun
?[1 <2 c^#V <?Kng .hun Chong %& <M14so lic lX/ _ic G`ng nhSng ho2 chA1
n# E <c nhn" =c ch c; Cho+i 1^# n# "" v 1iIu Gi1 nA" bnh cho c;
1r?[c Chi 1hu hoLch v bo qun/
oThu hoLch v van chu#Tn
ChOn ng# ning r2o FT 1hu hoLch/ Thu hoLch Cho+i .hi nhx nhngV
1r2nh 1Bi F+ c2c 12c FXng cU gi[i g^# 1r# E?[c c;/
p+u Chi GQV .hi E. Cho+i vo rPV 1hngV sO1 FT van chu#TnV Chng nIn
1r1 1} sO1 n# s+ng sO1 Ch2c GH <" 1r# E?[c/ !hng Fjng Cho+i v
van chu#Tn Cho+i 1rong b+o 1i/ <c hbi .hWc c;/
!ho+i 1^# cJ Ch n>ng .hWc hbi c2c " b 1r# E?[c s+u - o ) 1h2ng 1hu
hoLch/ p+u Chi 1hu hoLchV Gn Cho+i 1^# 1rIn n$n gLch Ch r2o 1hho <[.
G# %& o3& c"V 1rIn c`ng .h; <[. rU" Ch 3& o '& c"V Gu# 1rY 1rong %
-3
Bo co: Cng ngh bo qun v ch bin nng sn GVHD: HONG TH TRC
QUNH
1un/ 5?u c vic E <c hbi .hWc c; nIn 1in hnh 1rong nh 1ho2ng
nh?ng Chng cJ giJ FT 1r2nh <" c; "A1 n?[c/
o <c chBng nA" v chBng n# "" cho c;d
,n Cho+i 1^# 1hnh <[. G# -& o -' c"V .h+ hyn hK. C+rbhnG+i" &V)
v 0H &V)V G`ng bYnh bU" .hun ?[1 c;/ _ic E <c cfng cJ 1hT <" bnng
c2ch cho Cho+i 1^# vo 1i <?[i thoqc rPuV ng^" vo Gung Gch C+rbhnG+i"
&V) v 0H &V) 1rong ' .h1V s+u FJ hong Ch c;/ !ho+i 1^# cn hong
Ch 1j nhiIn rbi 1i. 1Wc E <c c2c gi+i FoLn s+u/
o <c c21d
,`ng c21 Ch 1rong bo qun Cho+i 1^# < FT gi" sj b+# hUi n?[c c;+
Cho+iV 1r2nh sj <^# nhiH" Go 1hBi hsng giS+ c2c c; Cho+i v 1Lo "i
1r?@ng 1iTu ChM hau cJ nbng FX C
)
c+o Eung qu+nh "yi c; Cho+i 1^#
nhn" gi" c?@ng FX h hA. c;+ c;/
C21 G`ng FT ; Cho+i 1^# cn F?Kc r+ sLchV .hUi Ch/ p+u FJ .hun Gung
Gch 0 1h= cA. t.h+ FT G`ng .hun 1rjc 1i.u vo ChBi c21 cho ?[1 F$uV
giS )3 gi@ FT 1iIu Gi1 c2c vi sinh va1 cJ hLiV <" sLch c21/ p+u Chi E <c
0V .hUi c21 Ch FT ; Cho+i 1^# bo qun/
o c21d
Nh ; cJ n$n gLch ChV 1ho2ng/ Tr?[c Chi F?+ Cho+i 1^# vo bo qunV cn
<J1 n$n bnng cJ1 hoqc ni<on FT 1r2nh h1 ]" G?[i n$n/ ,n "X1 <[. c;
Chong )& c"V s+u FJ FP "X1 <[. c21 v}+ F; chh h1 c2c c; Cho+iV rbi Fn
"X1 <[. c;V "X1 <[. c21 C 1i./ !hBi ; cJ 1hT c+o -V'"V 1rIn c`ng < <[. c21
.h; CMn c;/ 9T 1r2nh Cho+i 1^# 1i. Ec v[i 2nh s2ng 1rong 1h@i gi+n bo
qunV Fa# "X1 <[. bY+ c2co1ng h+# ni<on 1Bi "u e 1rIn ChBi ;/
olo qunV CiT" 1r+
Trong 1h@i gi+n bo qunV Fnh C s+u ) 1h2ng CiT" 1r+ Cho+i - <nV <oLi bs
c; 1hBiV E <c "" tnu cJu/ Nu cJ hin 1?Kng Cho+i 1hBi nhi$u 1hY <oLi bs
nhSng chy 1hBiV c21 ?[1 v E <c <Li Cho+iV <" sLch <Li c21 FT bo qun 1i./
-'
Bo co: Cng ngh bo qun v ch bin nng sn GVHD: HONG TH TRC
QUNH
p+u ' 1h2ng bo qunV 1A1 c c2c ho2 chA1 G`ng FT E <c F b .h^n hu\ v G?
<?Kng 1rIn c; G?[i "=c cho .hR./
/.W.P B;< =>;? 85<@9 1AB :b?J 85< cI?5:
o p+u Chi 1hu hoLchV FT Cho+i r2o vsV <oLi bs 1L. chA1V c2c c; Chng ngu#In
vxnV s^u bnhV rbi FT Pn Fnh e -&o-(
&
CV RH m&om' 1rong 1h@i gi+n 1} )
ng# Fn % 1unV 1u 1huXc FX gi c;+ Cho+i v "=c FX E^# E21/ _[i Cho+i
git 1hu hoLch e 1h@i FiT" m&o-&& ng# s+u Chi 1rbnguV ngu#In vxnV Ch r2o
1hY 1h@i gi+n Pn Fnh chw cn vi ng#/ Nu Cho+i nonV vs ch?+ chicV b E^#
E21 nhi$u 1hY 1h@i gi+n n# < )&o)) ng#/ Trong 1h@i C Pn FnhV v1 1h?Ung
<In sxoV Cho+i chin 1hI" nIn cNn gOi < 1h@i C Fi$u 1r/ _s Cho+i G#
<In V chic 1hI"V F?@ng bin 1hnh 1inh bX1V c2c hK. chA1 c+o .h^n 1 c;+
FL" 1>ng <InV c2c FiT" sinh 1r?eng hon 1on chu#Tn vo 1rLng 1h2i ng;/
o !ho+i 1^# < nng sn 1?UiV h" <?Kng n?[c 1rong c; 1?Ung FBi c+oV 1rIn
(&V ChBi <?Kng <[nV 1huXc <oLi cbng C$nhV nIn vic bo qun Cho+i 1^#
ChJ Ch>n hUn vic bo qun c2c <oLi nng sn bnng hL1/ CJ "X1 sB .h?Ung
.h2. bo qun Cho+i 1^# giBng nh? s GWng Cho 2nh s2ng 12n EL 1j nhiInV
Cho <Lnh///Tu# nhiIn bo qun Cho+i 1^# bnng Cho <Lnh < bin .h2. 1Bi ?u
nhn" F" bo chA1 <?Kng giBng 1B1 v M1 h+o hW1/ 9^# < .h?Ung .h2. 1iIn
1in nhi$u n?[c 1rIn 1h gi[i F 2. GWng/ 9i$u cn 1hi1 < cn Fu 1? ngubn
vPn E^# Gjng Cho <Lnh v cJ ngubn Fin Pn Fnh FT van hnh Cho <Lnh//
Nhng lu khi s dng kho lnhd
o 9i$u Cin nhi1 FX 1rong Cho < #u 1B qu#1 Fnh Fn chA1 <?Kng c;
giBng/ ,o va# vic giS nhi1 FX 1rong Cho Pn Fnh 1rong suB1 qu2 1rYnh bo
qun rA1 qu+n 1rOng/ _ ChJ Ch>n 1rong Ch^u bo qun < vAn F$ "A1 Fin/
0A1 Fin cJ 1hT Chin cho nhi1 FX 1rong Cho 1>ngV g^# ngu# hiT" cho bo
qun Cho+i 1^#/ !hi "A1 Fin chng 1+ cJ 1hT s GWng "2# .h21/
o 8 nhi1 FX o)
o
C < FiT" FJng b>ng c;+ Cho+i 1^# Ggn 1[i Cho+i b hsngV
cNn Chi e o-
o
C 1rong Chong - 1h2ng 1hY c2c "" Cho+i sr b hsng/ 9T +n
1on 1rong Cho <Lnh Chng nIn FT nhi1 FX G?[i )
o
C/
-*
Bo co: Cng ngh bo qun v ch bin nng sn GVHD: HONG TH TRC
QUNH
o " FX 1rong Cho Gu# 1rY k'o(&/ Nu FX ]" qu2 c+o sr b FOng n?[cV
Cho+i b 1hBiV nu qu2 1hA.V Cho+i b "A1 n?[c nh+nh v hRo/
o Thng giJ < FT cung cA. oEi v ChBng ch FX ]" 1rong Cho/
Nhng u im khi bo qun khoai ty ging bng kho lnhd
o !hi bo qun e nhi1 FX 1hA.V Cho+i e 1rLng 1h2i ng; nghwV sj h hA. e
"=c rA1 1hA.V CY" h" sj "Oc "" v hLn ch 1Bi F+ sj hoL1 FXng g^# hLi
c;+ nA"V vi Chu]n/
o HLn ch 1hBi hsng/
o TLo F?Kc c; giBngcJ "" 1rzV ChozV Chi 1rbng cho n>ng suA1 c+o v M1 s^u
bnh//
o HLn ch 1w < h+o hW1/ Nu "2# van hnh 1B1 1hY 1w < h+o hW1 chw Chong 'o
k/
o N^ng c+o chA1 <?Kng c; giBng Cho+i 1^#/
-k
Bo co: Cng ngh bo qun v ch bin nng sn GVHD: HONG TH TRC
QUNH
TI +I THAM KH"O:
olo qun v ch bin nng sn s+u 1hu hoLch tTrn 0inh T^"u
o lo qun v ch bin r+u qu
o Cng ngh bo qun nng sn s+u 1hu hoLch t Trn _>n ch?Ungu
o /goog<h/co"
-(