IEU KHIEN LAP TNH PLC - MANG PLC Chng 6 Thiet ke he thong mang PLC

PHAN II
HE THONG MANG PLC



CHNG 6
THIET KE HE THONG MANG PLC (SIMATIC)






Chu e:
Mang AS-i
Mang Profibus
Mang Industrial Ethernet

Muc ch:
Nam ro cau truc cac loai mang PLC
C s d lieu va truyen thong
Ket noi cac thanh phan tren mang








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IEU KHIEN LAP TNH PLC - MANG PLC Chng 6 Thiet ke he thong mang PLC

6.1. MANG ASI
6.1.1. GIAO TIEP AS
6.1.1.1. Tong quan
Mang AS-I la he thong ket noi cap thap nhat trong he thong t ong hoa (hnh
6.1), ay cac ng noi ket thiet b rm ra, o xo c thay the bang tuyen cap n
gian goi la cap AS-i. S dung cap va ieu khien AS-I, th cac cam bien va cac c cau chap
hanh kieu nh phan n gian nhat se c ket noi ti thiet b ieu khien cap trng qua
cac module AS-I.
Mang AS c phan
biet bang nhng ac tnh chu
yeu sau:
Giao tiep AS c toi u
e noi ket cac cam bien
va c cau chap hanh. Cap
AS c s dung cho ca
hai viec : trao oi d lieu
gia cac cam bien va c
cau vi thiet b ieu
khien; cung cap nguon cho
cac cam bien.
Hnh 6.1 Phan cap mang
Noi ket n gian va gia
phai chang: lap at n
gian, tnh linh hoat cao vi
noi ket kieu hnh cay.
Thi gian ap ng nhanh: Chu AS-I ch can toi a 5 ms cho chu ky trao oi d lieu len
ti 31 tram.
Cac tram tren cap AS-I co the la cac cam bien, c cau chap hanh vi au noi hoac
module AS-I tch hp co the c noi vao ti 4 sensor/actuator nh phan thong thng.
Vi cac module AS-I co the len en 124 cam bien c hoat ong trencap AS-i.

6.1.1.2. Giao tiep AS va cac thanh phan he thong AS
Cac thanh phan di se tao thanh he thong mang AS
AS-i master
AS-i module
AS-i cable
AS-i power supply unit
Sensors/actuators with an integrated AS-i chip
Addressing unit
SCOPE AS-Interface
S o sau mo ta cac thanh phan c noi ket, hnh 6.2



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IEU KHIEN LAP TNH PLC - MANG PLC Chng 6 Thiet ke he thong mang PLC





Hnh 6.2 S o ket noi cac thanh phan AS-i.

6.1.2. CAC AS-I MASTER
6.1.2.1. ASI master cho simatic s7-200
CP 242-2
Module CP 242-2 cho phep ket noi chuoi ASI ti bo ieu khien lap trnh S7-200. CP 242-2
co the x ly cac chc nang hoan chnh cua cac iem ASI master, hnh 6.3.

CP 242-8
Module nay khong ch co cac chc nang cua CP 242-2 ma con co noi ket ti
PROFIBUS DP (DP slave). Module nay cho noi ket S7-200 ti PROFIBUS DP va ASI
cung mot thi iem vi gia ca phai chang, hnh 6.4.

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IEU KHIEN LAP TNH PLC - MANG PLC Chng 6 Thiet ke he thong mang PLC


















Hnh 6.3 ASI master CP 242-2






















Hnh 6.4 ASI master CP 242-8


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IEU KHIEN LAP TNH PLC - MANG PLC Chng 6 Thiet ke he thong mang PLC

6.1.2.2. ASI master cho simatic s7-300
CP 342-2
CP 342-2 la
module ASI
master cho cac
bo ieu khien S7-
300 va cho he
thong phan phoi
I/O ET 200M.
CP 342-2
chiem 16 byte
input va 16 byte
output trong vung
analog cua bo
ieu khien ma
qua o cac d
lieu nhap cua
slave co the c
oc va cac d
lieu xuat cua
slave co the c
at.
Hnh 6.5 ASI master CP 342-2
Khi s dung mot FC, ngoai trao oi d lieu I/O, no cung co the thc thi nhng thu tuc
goi chnh trong chng trnh ieu khien.
6.1.2.3. ASI Gateway
DP-ASI gateway
Ngay khi s dung cac I/O ngoai vi phan bo, s dung ASI co the co cac thuan li. Noi
mang cac ngoai vi qua trnh tren profibus co the c m rong en cac sensor/actuator.
Cac thiet b sau ay co the s dung nh gateway cho profibus:
DP/ASI Link 20 module (c thiet ke bang cong nghe IP 20 e noi ket ASI vi
Profibus)
CP 242-8
CP 142-2 trong ET200X
CP 342-2 trong ET200M
AS 300/CPU315-2DP vi CP 2433
DP/AS Link ( link su dung cong nghe IP 65 e noi ket ASI vi Profibus)
6.1.2.4. ASI master cho ET200X
CP 142-2
Module CP 142-2 co the hoat ong trong he thong I/O phan bo ET200X, no cho phep ket
noi chuoi ASI vi he thong I/O. ac iem chnh cua he thong I/O ET 200X la xay dng
thch nghi vi cac kieu bao ve IP 65, IP 66 va IP 67.


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IEU KHIEN LAP TNH PLC - MANG PLC Chng 6 Thiet ke he thong mang PLC



Hnh 6.6 Cau hnh he thong vi DP/ASI Link 20







































Hnh 6.7 ASI master CP 142-2


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IEU KHIEN LAP TNH PLC - MANG PLC Chng 6 Thiet ke he thong mang PLC

6.1.2.5. ASI master cho PC-AT
CP 2413
CP 2413 cho phep ket noi giao tiep ASI ti may tnh.
Phan cng cua ASI master c thc hien nh mot card PC. Cho phep en 4 ASI
master CP co the hoat ong cung mot luc trong mot PC. ieu nay noi rang ASI PC master
cung thch hp cho cac tac vu phuc tap.
Mot chng trnh hoat ong va mo phong san sang cung cap cac trang thai hien hanh
cua cac slave tren cap va cho phep cac ieu hanh n gian cac slave. Chng trnh nay
cung co the s dung e nhng muc ch chan oan, no cung cho phep lap trnh cac a ch
cua cac slave ASI.
T o khong nhng card ASI master co the c hoat ong trong PC ma con cho PC
giao tiep vi Industrial Ethernet va Profibus cung mot luc, d lieu cung cap bi ASI slave
cung co the kha dung vi cac tram khac trong mang.





















Hnh 6.8 Cau hnh he thong vi PC-AT va CP2413

6.1.3. CAC THANH PHAN KHAC CUA ASI
Nh a e cap ASI ngoai cac ASI master vi vai tro la chu trong he thong, con co
cac thanh phan khac c noi ket vao e tao nen mot he thong mang ASI chuan.
6.1.3.1. Cap ASI
Cap ASI c tiep xuc bang ky thuat tham thau. Cac li tiep xuc (contact blade)
tham nhap vao ao nha boc ben ngoai va tao tiep xuc vi 2 day dan. ieu nay am bao

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IEU KHIEN LAP TNH PLC - MANG PLC Chng 6 Thiet ke he thong mang PLC

cho ien t tiep xuc thap va ket noi d lieu tin cay. Vi lieu ket noi nay, co nhng module
ket noi c thiet ke cho ky thuat tham thau.
6.1.3.2. Repeater/Extender
Cac ASI repeater/Extender c thiet ke e dung cho moi trng giao tiep AS. Thiet
b nay co nhiem vu m rong chieu dai 100 m toi a cua ASI. Mot oan mot 100m co san
co the c m rong them toi a 2 oan 100m na.
S dung Repeater
ASI Repeater c s dung khi cac slave c hoat ong tren tat ca cac oan cap.
Moi oan ASI c oi hoi mot n v nguon cung cap rieng biet (trc va pha sau cua
repeater). Repeater co cac ac iem sau:
M rong chieu dai cap
toi a la 300 m.
Cac slave co the c
s dung ca hai ben
cua ASI.
Nguon cung cap oi
hoi phai co ca hai
ben ASI.
Cach ly ien gia hai
cap.
Moi ben giao tiep AS
can co mot nguon ien
rieng biet.
Hnh 6.9 S dung Repeater
Lap at trong dang ong vo module ng dung chuan.
S dung Extender
ASI Extender c s
dung trong cac ng dung ma
master c lap at khoang
cach xa hn vi cho lap at
ASI.
Hnh 6.10 S dung Extender
Cac master co the c
c at cach xa oan
ASI 100m.
Cac slave ch c s
dung ben cua extender
khong co master
Nguon ien ch c yeu cau cho ben khong co master.
Khong can cach ly ien gia hai cap.
Ch th ien ap ung
c lap at trong dang ong vo module ng dung. Extender c gan tren module
ket noi FK-E.
6.1.3.3. n v nh a ch

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IEU KHIEN LAP TNH PLC - MANG PLC Chng 6 Thiet ke he thong mang PLC

Moi slave tren ASI eu mang mot a ch. a ch nay c lu tr tren cac slave. Ta
co the lap trnh a ch cua cac slave s dung n v nh a ch.
6.1.3.4. SCOPE ASI
Phan mem SCOPE ASI la mot chng trnh giam sat co kha nang ghi lai va anh gia
trao oi d lieu trong cac mang ASI trong suot qua trnh lap at va hoat ong. Phan mem
SCOPE ASI co the chay trong PC lien ket v CP 2413 di moi trng Windows.
6.1.4. CHE O MASTER
6.1.4.1. Nguyen tac cua Master/Slave trong ASI
ASI hoat ong theo nguyen tac master/slave. ieu nay co ngha la ASI master ket
hp vi cap ASI ieu khien trao oi d lieu vi 31 slave qua giao tiep cap ASI.
Hnh 6.11 minh hoa
giao tiep gia hai khoi
ASI master vi ASI slave
qua cap ASI. Cac lenh
gan tham so va d lieu
qua trnh c truyen qua
giao tiep gia master
CPU va master CP.
Cac chng trnh
ngi dung s dung cac
goi ham thch hp va c
che kha dung e oc va ghi qua giao tiep nay.
Hnh 6.11 S o khoi gia tiep ASI master/slave
6.1.4.2. Truyen d lieu
6.1.4.2.1. Cau truc thong tin d lieu.
Hnh 6.12 mo ta cac trng va danh sach d lieu cua he thong a c nh ngha.
Cac cau truc sau ay c tm thay tren CP:
Cac anh d lieu
Chung cha cac
thong tin c lu tr tam
thi:
Cac tham so that
la anh cua cac
tham so hien thi
tren slave
D lieu cau hnh
that: trng nay
cha cac cau hnh
I/O va ma ID cua
tat ca cac slave
c noi ket ngay
khi d lieu nay
c oc t cac
Hnh 6.12 S o cau truc ASI master CP va ASI slave

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IEU KHIEN LAP TNH PLC - MANG PLC Chng 6 Thiet ke he thong mang PLC

slave.
Danh sach cac slave c phat hien (LDS)
Danh sach cac slave b kch hoat (LAS)
LAS cho thay nhng slave nao c kch hoat bi ASI master. D lieu I/O ch
trao oi c vi cac slave b kch hoat.
D lieu I/O
D lieu nhap va xuat cua qua trnh.
D lieu cau hnh
ay la d lieu khong boc hi (non-volatile), khong b thay oi ngay khi co h hong
nguon nang
lng.
D lieu cau
hnh mong
i, ay la
cac gia tr
so sanh co
chon la ma
cho phep d
lieu cau
hnh cua cac
slave c
phat hien se
c kiem
tra.
Danh sach
d lieu
thng trc
(LPS), danh
sach nay
cho thay cac
ASI slave
c mong
i tren cap
ASI bi ASI
master. ASI
master kiem
tra lien tuc
xem co phai
tat ca cac
tram ch
nh trong co mat LPS va xem co phai d lieu cau hnh cua chung khp vi d
lieu cau hnh mong muon.
Hnh 6.13 Cac giai oan hoat ong

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IEU KHIEN LAP TNH PLC - MANG PLC Chng 6 Thiet ke he thong mang PLC

6.1.4.2.2. Cac cau truc ASI slave
D lieu I/O
Cac tham so
D lieu cau hnh
D lieu cau hnh cha cau hnh I/O va cac ma ID cua slave
a ch
Cac slave co a ch 0 khi c lap at. e c phep trao oi d lieu th cac
slave phai c lap trnh vi cac a ch khac nhau va khac khong. a ch 0
ch danh cho cac chc nang rieng biet.
6.1.4.2.3.Cac giai oan hoat ong
S o hnh 6.13 cho thay cac giai oan hoat ong cua qua trnh truyen d lieu. Chung
co 3 giai oan chnh:
Giai oan khi tao ban au (Initialization phase)
Giai oan khi ong (Startup Phase)
Giai oan trao oi d lieu (Data Exchange Phase)
Che o khi tao ban au
Giai oan nay goi la giai oan offline, thiet lap trang thai c ban cua master. Module
nay c khi tao tr sau khi chuyen mach.
Giai oan khi ong
Giai oan nay bao gom:
Giai oan phat hien
Phat hien cac slave trong giai oan khi ong.
Giai oan kch hoat
Sau khi phat hien cac tram, chung c kch hoat do master gi lenh goi ac biet.
Khi kch hoat cac tram rieng, co s khac biet gia hai che o tren ASI master:
Master che o cau hnh:
Tat ca cac tram c phat hien c kch hoat. che o nay cac gia tr that c
oc va lu chung cho cau hnh.
Master che o c bao ve:
Ch co cac tram tng ng vi cau hnh mong i c lu tren ASI master mi c
kch hoat. Neu cau hnh that c tm thay tren ASI slave khac vi cau hnh mong i nay.
Master a cac tram c kch hoat vao danh sach cac tram c kch hoat.
Che o bnh thng (giai oan trao oi d lieu)
Khi ket thuc giai oan khi ong, ASI master chuyen sang che o bnh thng:
Giai oan trao oi d lieu:
Master gi d lieu tuan hoan ra cac tram va nhan cac thong iep ghi nhan.
Giai oan quan ly:
Giai oan nay, tat ca cac cong viec hien co cua cac ng dung ieu khien c x ly
va gi i.
Giai oan bao ham:
Giai oan nay, cac slave mi them vao c a vao danh sach cac slave c phat
hien va cung cap che o cau hnh va chung cung c kch hoat. Neu master che o bao

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IEU KHIEN LAP TNH PLC - MANG PLC Chng 6 Thiet ke he thong mang PLC

ve th ch co cac slave c lu tr trong cau hnh mong i cua ASI master mi c kch
hoat. Vi c che nay cac slave a het phuc vu tam thi cung c bao ham lan na.
6.1.4.2.4. Chc nang giao tiep
e kiem soat hoat ong cua master/slave t chng trnh ngi dung, co nhieu chc nang
kha dung giao tiep c minh hoa hnh 6.14.
Cac hoat ong bao gom:
Read/Write (oc/ghi)
Khi ghi cac tham so c chuyen en slave va cac anh tham so tren CP. Khi oc, cac
tham so c chuyen t slave hoac cac anh tham so t CP vao CPU.
Read/Write configuration data (oc/ghi d lieu cau hnh)
Cac tham so at cau hnh hay cac d lieu cau hnh c oc t bo nh khong boc hi
cua CP.
Configure actual (at cau hnh that)
Khi oc cac tham so va d lieu cau hnh c oc vao va lu tr thng xuyen tren
CP. Khi ghi, cac tham so va d lieu cau hnh c lu tr thng xuyen tren CP.
Supply slaves with configured parameters (Cung cap cac tham so at cau hnh cho
cac slave)
Cac tham so cau hnh c chuyen t vung nh khong boc hi cua CP en cac slave.















Hnh 6.14 Cac chc nang giao tiep

6.2. MANG PROFIBUS
6.2.1. GII THIEU
6.2.1.1 Profibus la g?
Profibus la thuat ng mo ta mang truyen thong tin so c s dung trong cong nghiep
e thay the qua trnh truyen tn hieu analog 4-20mA ang ton tai mot thi gian dai qua.
ay la mang truyen thong so, 2 chieu, multidrop, bus noi tiep nham e ket noi thiet b

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IEU KHIEN LAP TNH PLC - MANG PLC Chng 6 Thiet ke he thong mang PLC

field cach ly nhau nh cac bo ieu khien, cac bo chuyen oi tn hieu, cac cam bien va cac
c cau chap hanh.
Moi thiet b field co kha nang tnh toan c cai at trong no va lam cho moi thiet b thanh
thiet b thong minh. Moi thiet b field se thc hanh nhng chc nang n gian tren chnh
no nh cac chc nang chuan oan, ieu khien va bao tr nh cung cap kha nang truyen
thong hai chieu. Ngoai ra no con cho phep lien lac vi cac thiet b filed khac. Cot loi la
fieldbus se thay the cac mang ieu khien tap trung thanh cac mang ieu khien phan tan.
Do o fieldbus co nhieu chc nang va u viet hn so vi viec thay the chuan analog 4-
20mA.
6.2.1.2. Cac thuan li cua fieldbus
Giam gia thanh
Tiet kiem chi ph ban au cho d an cong nghe
Tiet kiem trong bao hanh, bao tr va thay the
Nang cao hieu qua san xuat, chat lng san pham
Bao am tnh an toan san xuat va ve sinh moi trng
Quan ly chat che va hieu qua.
6.2.1.3. Truyen thong cong nghiep
S phat trien nh vu bao cua IT a gop phan thuc ay phat trien cong nghe t ong
hoa. No a thay oi cac he phan cap, cac cau truc va qua trnh trao oi thong tin gia cac
cap trong he thong. Truyen thong a tang theo chieu ngang cap field cung nh theo
chieu doc qua cac mc phan cap.
cap Actuator/Sensor cac tn hieu cua cac sensor va actuator nh phan c truyen
qua ASI bus. ay la ky thuat lap at chi ph thap, n gian, qua o d lieu va nguon ien
24V cho cac thiet b cuoi c truyen qua moi trng chung. D lieu c truyen xoay
vong.
cap field cac thiet b ngoai vi phan bo nh I/O module, cam bien o, cac c cau
truyen ong, cac slave va cac operation terminal truyen thong vi cac he thong t ong
qua he thong truyen thong thi gian thc. Viec truyen d lieu qua trnh la theo vong tuan
hoan, trong khi o cac canh bao, tham so va d lieu chan oan phai c truyen khong
ong bo neu can. Profibus la giai phap nham thoa man cac yeu cau nay ong thi la giai
phap thong suot cho san xuat cung nh t ong hoa qua trnh.
cap cell, cac bo eiu khien lap trnh c nh PLC va IPC truyen thong vi nhau.
Luong thong tin can nhng goi d lieu ln va mot so ln cac chc truyen thong manh. Tch
hp vao he thong truyen thong toan cong ty nh Intranet va Internet qua cac TCP/IP va
Ethernet la cac yeu cau quan trong.
6.2.1.4. PROFIBUS (PROcess Field Bus)
PROFIBUS la mang cho cap cell va cap field trong he thong truyen thong simatic
m. No c ng dung e truyen d lieu t nho en trung bnh. Ve mat vat ly, PROFIBUS
la mang ien da tren cap 2 day hoac mang quang da tren cap si quang hoac mang vo
tuyen vi truyen hong ngoai (IR).
6.2.2. CONG NGHE PROFIBUS

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IEU KHIEN LAP TNH PLC - MANG PLC Chng 6 Thiet ke he thong mang PLC

PROFIBUS la chuan fieldbus cho mot giai rong cac ng dung trong san xuat va t
ong hoa qua trnh. PROFIBUS cho phep truyen thong gia cac thiet b cua cac nha san
xuat khac nhau khong can them bat c ieu chnh giao tiep nao. PROFIBUS co the s
dung cho hai ng dung: ng dung o hoi thi gian ap ng vi toc o cao va nhng cong
viec truyen thong phc tap.
PROFIBUS cho cac giao thc truyen thong (Communication Profiles): DP va FMS.
Tuy theo ng dung cu the ma ta co the s dung cac cong nghe truyen dan sau (Physical
Profiles): RS485, IEC 1158-2 hoac s quang.
6.2.2.1. Giao thc truyen thong
Giao thc truyen thong profibus c nh ngha lam sao cac ngi dung truyen noi
tiep d lieu cua chung qua moi trng chung.
DP (Distributed Periphery)
DP la giao thc thong dung c s dung nhieu nhat. No c toi u ve toc o, hieu
suat va gia ket noi thap va c thiet ke cho truyen thong gia cac he thong t ong va
ngoai vi phan bo.
FMS (Field Message Specification)
ay la giao thc truyen thong van nang cho nhieu chc nang ng dung e truyen thong
gia cac thiet b co tnh thong minh.
6.2.2.2. Cong nghe truyen dan
Do yeu cau cua bus truyen thong oi hoi o tin cay truyen cao, khoang cach xa, toc
o truyen cao va mac khac trong qua trnh t ong hoa san xuat con them cac yeu cau nh
hoat ong trong vung nguy hiem va nang lng tren cung ng truyen chung. Hien tai co
3 phng phap truyen dan profibus kha dung nhat:
Truyen RS-485 cho cac ng dung trong t ong hoa san xuat.
Truyen IEC 1158-2 cho ng dung t ong hoa qua trnh.
Si quang cai thien tnh nhieu ien va nhng khoang cach mang ln.
6.2.3. AC TNH CUA PROFIBUS
PROFIBUS la cho phep noi cac thiet b ieu khien theo truyen noi tiep t cap cell en cap
field. Trong o co nhieu master va nhieu slave, do o co the ghep noi nhieu he thong t
ong hoa, he thong ky thuat va cac tram hien th vi cac ngoai vi phan bo cua chung tren
cung mot bus. PROFIBUS phan biet cac kieu thiet b sau:
Thiet b master xac nh trueyn d lieu tren bus. Mot master co the gi cac thong iep
khong can co yeu cau ben ngoai khi no gi quyen truy cap. Cac master cung co the goi
la cac tram tch cc hoac cac nut tch cc.
Thiet b slave la cac ngoai vi nh cac thiet b I/O, cac slave, cac bo truyen ong va cac
cam bien o lng. Chung khong co quyen truy cap bus va chung ch co the bao cho
biet a nhan thong iep hoac gi cac htong iep en master khi co yeu cau.
6.2.3.1. Cong nghe truyen RS-485
Truyen dan RS-485 thng c s dung rat nhieu bi PROFIBUS. Nhng ng dung
ma trong o lap at khong can at tien, n gian va truyen toc o cao.
Toc o truyen co the t 9.6 Kbps ti 12 Mbps. Mot toc o truyen duy nhat c chon
cho tat ca cac thiet b tren mot bus khi he thong san sang.

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IEU KHIEN LAP TNH PLC - MANG PLC Chng 6 Thiet ke he thong mang PLC

Lap at RS-485.
Tat ca cac thiet b c noi vao cau truc bus. Toi a 32 tram (master hay slave)co
the c noi vao mot segment 9 (oan). Bus c ket thuc bang ket thuc bus tch tc
(active bus terminator) au va cuoi moi segment (xem hnh 6.15). e bao am hoat ong
khong co loi th ca au ket thuc bus luon luon c cap ien.


Cong noi
mang
V tr chuyen mach = Off
V tr chuyen mach = On


Cong noi
mang



Cong noi mang
cam vao CP5611
cua may tnh 2
Cong noi mang
cam vao CP5611
cua may tnh 3
Cong noi mang cam
vao CP5611 cua may
tnh 1 co cong lap
t h
Cong noi mang cam
vao EM 277 cua t 1
Cong noi mang cam
vao EM 277 cua t 2
Cap truyen thong
mang profibus
Cong noi mang co cong lap
trnh gan vao CPU 315
Hnh 6.15 - Noi ket ng cap truyen d lieu mang

Trong trng hp tren 32 tram hoac e m rong mang ta phai dung en cac repeater e
lien ket cac oan bus lai
vi nhau, hnh 6.16 mo ta
cac tram DTE (data
terminal equipment) tren
cac bus noi nhau bang 2
repeater.
Chieu dai toi a
cua cap phu thuoc vao
toc o truyen: toc o
truyen cang cao th chieu
dai cap cang giam nh
bang 6.1.
Hnh 6.16 Cac oan bus noi nhau bang cac repeater

163
IEU KHIEN LAP TNH PLC - MANG PLC Chng 6 Thiet ke he thong mang PLC

6.2.3.2. Cong nghe truyen IEC 1158-2
Truyen ong bo vi IEC 1158-2 vi toc o truyen chnh xac 31.25Kbps c s dung
trong t ong hoa qua trnh.
No thoa man cac yeu cau
quan trong trong ky nghe
hoa dau va hoa chat: an
toan va cap nang lng qua
bus s dung chung cap
truyen cong nghe 2 day.
Nh vay PROFIBUS co the
c s dung trong nhng
vung nguy hiem.
KBaud rate Max. Segment length Max. Expansion
9,6 1000m 10,000m
19,2 1000m 10,000m
187.5 1000m 10,000m
500.0 400m 4,000m
1,500.0 200m 2,000m
3,000.0 100m 1,000m
6,000.0 100m 1,000m
12,000.0 100m 1,000m
Cac ac tnh cua cong
nghe truyen IEC 1158-2: so
tram noi tren mot segment la 32 tram, repeater co the bo sung en 4 bo e tang cac tram
tren mang, cac lp bao ve no va cap nang lng t xa qua cac ng d lieu.
Bang 6.1 Toc o truyen - chieu dai cap truyen RS-485
6.2.3.3. Truyen si quang
Cap si quang c s dung trong PROFIBUS cho cac ng dung trong cac moi
trng co nhieu ien cao, e cach ly ien hoac e tang khoang cach mang toi a co toc o
truyen cao. Co nhieu si quang co ac tnh khac nhau nh sau:
Cac thanh phan quang si PROFIBUS cua mot so nha san xuat cho phep tao ra cac
link quang si tha vi kha nang chuyen t ong sang ng truyen vat ly khac khi co h
hong. Nhieu nha san xuat cung cung cap cac coupler gia cac link truyen RS-485 va si
quang.
6.2.4.TRUYEN THONG VI PROFIBUS
6.2.4.1. Truyen thong vi PROFIBUS DP
Ket noi cac thiet b vao PLC.
Truyen cac lng d lieu nho va nhanh,
do
- Truyen thong master/slave tuan hoan.
- Hoat ong mot master
- Giao tiep vi giao thc c n gian
hoa.
Trao oi d lieu theo 2 khung:
Kieu si quang Tnh chat
Si thuy tinh MM Khoang cach trung bnh 2-3 km
Si thuy tinh SM Khoang cach xa >15 km
Si tong hp Khoang cach ngan
Si PCS/HSC Khoang cach ngan >500m
Slave Slave Slave
Master
- Master gi d lieu en cac slave.

164
- Cac slave thong bao va tra d lieu ve master.
IEU KHIEN LAP TNH PLC - MANG PLC Chng 6 Thiet ke he thong mang PLC

Cac he thong mot hay nhieu master co the cai at bang PROFIBUS-DP. ieu nay khien
cho he thong rat mem deo. Toi a cai vao 126 thiet b (master hay slave) vao bus.
Cau hnh thiet b: gan cau hnh he thong bao gom so cac tram, a ch tram, phan phat
vung nh cho cac a ch I/O, cac tham so bus s dung va cac thong iep chan oan.
Cac kieu thiet b:
Moi he thong PROFIBUS-DP bao gom nhieu loai thiet b cai at tuy theo tnh nang hoat
ong. C ban co 3 loai c phan theo cong viec:
DP master class1
ay la bo ieu khien tap trung dung e trao oi thong tin, d lieu vi cac tram phan bo
theo mot chu ky thong iep nh trc. Chang han: PLC, CNC, Robot Control
DP master class2
Cac thiet b kieu nay la thiet b lap trnh, thiet b at cau hnh hoac chan oan. Cac thiet b
nay c dung khi khi ong he thong e at cau hnh cho he thong DP.
DP slaves
Mot DP slave la mot thiet b I/O ma oc thogn tin nhap t qua trnh xuat d lieu ra qua
trnh.
Hoat ong he thong
He thong mot master: ch co mot master tch ca tren bus.
He thong nhieu master: co nhieu master tren bus nh co them thiet b at cau hnh
ac iem cua PROFIBUS-DP
Giao tiep truyen thong tuan hoan va nhanh vi cac thiet b trng field
Toc o truyen d lieu en 12 Mbps
Thi gian ap ng nhanh o c vi 10 tram ET200 va moi tram nay co 32 I/O la 0.35ms.
oi vi cac yeu cau thi gian ap ng t chnh xac th co the thc hien cac thiet b DP va
FMS tren cung mot he thong bus.
Trao oi d lieu:
Nguyen tac lam viec cua qua trnh trao oi d lieu tren mang la thc hien s anh xa bien
qua vung bien V (variable memory). S cap phat cac vung nh cua ieu khien cho cac
ieu khien phai tuan theo trat t vung nh e khi truy xuat d lieu hoac thu nhan d lieu
khong sinh ra loi xung ot ve s tranh chap d lieu. ong thi chung ta phai nam ro tng
tac cac I/O cua he thong (ch bao gom cac ieu khien t) la bao nhieu e s dung am bao
u bo nh.
6.2.4.2. Truyen thong vi PROFIBUS-FMS
Truyen thong PROFIBUS-FMS
Ket noi cac PLC vi nhau, co the
ket noi cac thiet b field
Chuyen cac lng d lieu ln.
Hoat ong nhieu master: gi chu
quyen t master nay en master
kia.
FMS la ngon ng cho truyen thong
theo thong iep. FMS protocol chuan hoa
Master Master
Slave Slave
Master

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IEU KHIEN LAP TNH PLC - MANG PLC Chng 6 Thiet ke he thong mang PLC

khong nhng y ngha cua thong iep (ng ngha) ma con cac dang khuon d lieu cho cau
truc cua thong iep ( cu phap).

Cac ng dun lien quan gia 2 cong s truyen thong trong PROFIBUS-FMS la:
VFD (Virtual Field Device) = thiet b field ao.
Truy cap oi tng ( v du cac bien)
6.3. MANG ETHERNET CONG NGHIEP
6.3.1. Khai niem
Cac yeu cau ve truyen thong cong nghiep khac han rat nhieu so vi cac truyen thong
van phong nh ta thng dung hang ngay trong cong viec, giai tr. ieu nay thc te anh
hng en tat ca cac kha canh cua truyen thong nh cac thanh phan mang tch cc va thu
ong, cac DTE c ket noi, tnh kha dung, cach thc truy cap, truyen thong d lieu va cac
ieu kien moi trng
Vi cac he thong san xuat ln co nhieu line san xuat th viec quan sat toan nha may,
ieu hanh va giam sat nha may la mot van e rat quan trong va thiet thc trong viec nang
cao hieu qua san xuat. Xuat phat t muc ch nay, kha nang ieu khien cua moi PLC
khong con la chu ao, khong ap ng tnh chat phc tap cua qua trnh na ma con ke en
nhieu phan t khac tao nen mot he thong truyen thong hieu nang cao.
Ngay nay cang co nhieu he thong t ong hoa phan bo c s dung nhieu vao san
xuat va t ong hoa qua trnh nham lam cho qua trnh ieu khien phc tap c chia thanh
cac cong viec nho hn vi mc n gian hn. Do o can co truyen thong gia cac he thong
phan bo. Cac cau truc phan bo nay cho phep cac viec sau:
- Khi ong ong thi va oc lap cac phan rieng biet cua he thong.
- Cac chng trnh nho hn va ro rang hn.
- X ly song song cac he thong phan bo, ket qua la giam thi gian ap ng, tai nho
hn tren cac n v x ly rieng.
- Tang tnh kha dung cua he thong.
- Vi cac he thong truyen thong m, khong ong bo, mang cong nghiep c s dung
cho cap quan ly va cap cac phan t. Truyen thong cua mang cong nghiep la ien,
quang, hoac ket hp ca ien lan quang theo yeu cau cuc bo.
Mang cong nghiep c nh ngha theo chuan quoc te IEEE 802.3
Chuan Ethernet IEEE802.3
- Chuan IEEE802.3 la chuan da tren cap ong truc (Triaxial cable) lam ng truyen.
C s truyen thong da tren ky thuat bao hieu giai nen va ky thuat truy cap
CSMA/CD.
Bao hieu giai nen ( Baseband signaling)
Tn hieu truyen i khong b ieu che va dang xung trong moi trng truyen. Moi trng
truyen tao nen mot kenh trueyn duy nhat ma dung lng cua no c chia xe bi cac DTE
c noi vao kenh. Cac DTE nhan d lieu trong moi trng truyen ong thi. bat c thi
iem nao cung ch co duy nhat mot DTE c truyen, neu co tren mot DTE khac truyen
th se gay ra va cham tren moi trng truyen va dan en s h hong d lieu. Do vay can

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IEU KHIEN LAP TNH PLC - MANG PLC Chng 6 Thiet ke he thong mang PLC

co c che ieu phoi trong moi trng truyen d lieu chung nay. e giai quyet van e nay
IEEE802.3 a ra giai phap o la giao thc CSMA/CD.
Truy cap mang bang giao thc CSMA/CD
- Mang cong nghiep truy cap bang giao thc CSMA/CD. ay la ky thuat truy cap phan
bo, ngha la moi DTE noi vao mang eu co quyen truy cap.
- Neu mot DTE muon gi d lieu, au tieng no lang nghe moi trng e tm xem co
DTE nao ang truyen trong moi trng luc o hay khong. Neu khong co DTE nao ang
truyen th no bat au truyen d lieu cua no. Neu no phat hien mot DTE nao o ang s
dung moi trng truyen th no phai i cho en khi moi trng ranh roi.
- Tat ca cac DTE eu lang nghe d lieu ang truyen. Da vao thong tin a ch ch
trong d lieu ma DTE ghi nhan xem no co phai nhan d lieu o hay khong. Neu ong
thi nhieu DTE truyen khi moi trng ranh th se xay ra va cham sau mot thi gian
truyen. Tuy nhien cac DTE e co c che phat hien va cham. Tat ca cac DTE co lien
quan en va cham th se t dng truyen d lieu va sau mot thi gian ngan nhien vi
moi DTE th gi d lieu lai. Viec nay c lap lai cho en khi mot DTE truyen d lieu
thanh cong khong co va cham. Cac DTE khac i cho en khi moi trng ranh.
Mien va cham
Khoang cach ma trong o giao thc CSMA/CD hoat ong hoan chnh e am bao cho ky
thuat truy cap CSMA/CD hoat ong ung khi viec m rong mang Ethernet b gii han bi
thi gian truyen at cho phep toi a cua goi d lieu. Trong Ehternet 10 Mbps co ien th
khoang cach la 4520m.
Mang ien (IEEE)
Moi trng truyen la cap ong truc vi toc o truyen trung bnh. Chung bao gom cac
oan cap rieng biet co chieu dai 500m. Mang nay co the tang ti toc o 100 Mbps trong
qua trnh truyen neu s dung them cac Repeater.

167

IEU KHIEN LAP TNH PLC - MANG PLC Chng 6 Thiet ke he thong mang PLC

Mang si quang
Moi trng truyen la cap si quang a cach (MMFO) vi si thuy tinh loai 62.5/125
m.
Cac link si quang luon luon la nhng link t au nay en au kia gia 2 thanh phan tch
cc. ieu nay co ngha la luon luon co link trc tiep t mot thanh phan mang en cong cua
mot thanh phan mang khac. Thanh phan mang co nhiem vu tai tao lai cac tn hieu d lieu
thu c va phan bo chung bang cach xuat d lieu o lan na qua tat ca cac cong. Cau
truc mang c xac lap bang cac thanh phan OLM hoac cac bo ghep hnh sao.


Ethernet nhanh (Fast Ethernet)
Fast Ethernet co cac ac tnh chu yeu cua chuan Ethernet co ien vi toc o d lieu c
tang len 10 lan: 100 Mbps.
Mang Switching
Switch dung e tang dung lng truyen thong va m rong mang. Trong cac nha may san
xuat ln viec s dung mang Ethernet thng lam viec vi lu lng d lieu ln co the at
en gii han cua no. Khi m rong mang thng dung lng no b gii han do dai truyen
nen va kha nang m rong b gii han do giao thc CSMA/CD. Vay bang cach s dung
cong nghe Switch th cac gii han cua mang c m rong ang ke. Mang Switching c
ket cau bang cac bo cap thang va cac vong quang tnh kha dung cao. Kha nang m rong
mang khong gii han, thng dung en 150 km.




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IEU KHIEN LAP TNH PLC - MANG PLC Chng 6 Thiet ke he thong mang PLC























6.3.2. Truyen thong mang
Cac DTE truyen d lieu trong mang thong qua cac bo x ly truyen thong Ethernet
CP hoac cac IT-CP hoac cac thiet b lap trnh va giam sat (OP/PG).


















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IEU KHIEN LAP TNH PLC - MANG PLC Chng 6 Thiet ke he thong mang PLC

6.3.2.1. Truyen thong OP/PG qua mang Ethernet

























6.3.2.2. Truyen
thong S7 qua
mang Ethernet













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IEU KHIEN LAP TNH PLC - MANG PLC Chng 6 Thiet ke he thong mang PLC

6.3.2.3. Cac lien ket truyen thong d lieu


















6.3.2.4. Giao thc SEND-RECEIVE tren CPU






6.3.2.5. Lap
chng trnh cho
qua trnh truyen
va nhan d lieu
Chng trnh khi
s qua trnh truyen
cac vung d lieu
cua ngi dung
theo thu tuc goi
ham FC va quan sat qua trnh truyen bang c lng ma tra ve cua cac FC.
Cac thong so sau ay se c truyen khi ham FC c goi:
- So lien ket (ID)
- V tr vung d lieu ngi dung tren CPU
Goi ham FC trong chng trnh CPU



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IEU KHIEN LAP TNH PLC - MANG PLC Chng 6 Thiet ke he thong mang PLC












































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IEU KHIEN LAP TNH PLC - MANG PLC Chng 6 Thiet ke he thong mang PLC

Tai lieu tham khao:
[1]. Industrial Communication
Siemens, Germany.
[2]. NCM S7 for PROFIBUS Primer
SIEMENS AG
[3]. NCM S7 for Industrial Ethernet Primer
SIEMENS AG
[4] SIMATIC NET IT-CP, Manual
SIEMENS AG
[5] SIMATIC Communication with SIMATIC Manual
SIEMENS AG
[6] SIMATIC NET Industrial Twisted Pair Networks
SIEMENS AG
[7] SIMATIC NET Ethernet Manual
SIEMENS AG

Chu thch cac thuat ng s dung trong tai lieu.
CP Communications processor
CSMA/CD Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection
FC Function
TSAP Transport Service Access Point
TCP/IP Transport Connection Protocol; IP = Internet Protocol
UDP User Datagram Protocol
FMS Field (bus) Message Specification
FDL Fieldbus Data Link




173