Archive

Fever
RELR ;14 ,N AND POSTMODERNISM A FREUDIAN rid PRESSION
A Sc•res Edged b in C. 741e)r

JACQUES DERRIDA
TRANSEATED BY ERIC

UNIVERSETY OF CEIICAu0 PRESS Chicago ter LoAdon

 j 1'4)1 1 1 L [ I 11.RIP.i is proirtirEr
) pkiiImcp/Ev .ar the EL Ellc cir5 liatac5 P:Eudes en
-

114"e5 le% and prgiC154.17 Or romp rit it e JiSeral U re at the Uni'..c 1'545-

01 C.:1.11f 1.1.1 111i, I I y IJSe. Iii .1115 iran• blitiaS, he I-Inoers•ily ul Clii...agu 1'1E51 has
mrire Elmo Allzrit 1EL Eng1L5.11 thicid•aolin ERIC PI1r 4{. 1.1Al 1% 11 11 I

101 nh 1he !rnirr LI ' F.I114I. % P11 11111111 11ei nl Park %Jur Univerti ry, where he IN I FT r pi I

rig a the Ni.s he work of 1 -lel• C.ixi.mis and fackvilteS

'I ht. 1.1fli rsit (."Itic ;Egli lire sc C:1LicagEo 60637

Tim I. 1 31 .0 er5Es'y of (....ktic5Egil•Prcv-, 1 .1LI.,

Contents
1995 The JK>hns Huirk ms Unroer$ity

Nuft c l'PAI by 1 he 411(liii

All Iillit leu-1%.4

werci ty C.ivicagli tdu ion published P.M')

1' rimcd m Elbe U111 11.•C4I Si.' - '. col AMC.' lc:2

u5 EH 03 U2 4.111. 11.)111 1.1 13 1..% '97 96 I 2 3 1 '5

NOTE V11

-ISBN: 0 226 1 4 ; ;6-S; (cloth)

LXERGUE 7

igEEL.III Y IrL1 11ELi11{:4L Jh fr•LP.I'4 101.1. JOEIPJ C 3-1 .1041 ficgclicmi el

'0 in:A 1
. E10m GallIcc s 1995 TranclaiL,EL firct publitlErEl IN I •hur, Summer 1q9i. PREAA1 BLE 25

1.111E-mv a Gong eata14.14i .3kg• _ Ii_l_kcau:on

FI Data FL) Ft lo.... tiRt)
,

1)erritla, Jacque , .
TE 83,
1:11.[:11 &Kari !Live.

:'Lrchavc fcher : rfd:4311.1..111 1111111 CIIIS}11 11•110.1 11.11: k 1 )cirILla ;

rd IFi PEdric I'rczEllwicr•• pos rscR l PT 97

-

p. CiTh — IRrlikiian and postmor_Lerni%rril

t )1r3gilliElky 15 a Itxturr junc 5. 1994, al a collixi TRANSLATOR NOTE 1.03

1.11q;land
1.14 1%ki lei Inblicri,:riLiAilL al r7-ir irE1.ei
- (1 1 ). v.,70B [TED I 1.3
0. 221. .113 5.1)-S (cloth)

I_ Mcnic.pc !,. (ivhdot.npliy k 2. E'sychosnalyili. S. FE el.14.1., Sigfriund, I Or

1919. I. Title. IL •Sri<1..
1

[ )11;15 FPI 15 1 'Smi

15 4.1'2—(1c2 11.) 96 .• 1143641

EY 1114- iv w.i'd III it LI 1)1.11)11CRS 101 I MIMS'. 1.11r 4'F

A Ftler IC:111 :C:Elirm I Si ;LEN 1.71d For inf....p. m:II icrn S. k' - 1.7crrna nfuL .7 of Paper

1 ateri:41%, ANSI /39.48-P84.

 I ...et us not begin at the beginning, nor 111.: C11.110 C.
lint rather at the word "archive" — and %vial the archive of so
oullar a word, ArkbiF r tvf: recall, names a t of tee the commencemeni
2(14.1 thi2 4 cdnyarr.11410.11e OLE . tlY1S. 3 ICH Le ilppdrently courdiriatcs twc II I 'rim-
c iples ihc principle atcorcliiig to nal LUC Or 13 Nti)1 Y. their .

things rornmence— physic:El. historical, or ontological prin-

ciple—but also the principle according 1-1.3 the law. Men-s titre men
(I gods command. rhexc where authority, social order are
fi fir place I R41.11 which corder is given—lionkological principle-
Then; vwc alit! Lrl this place. arc we to think of Mtn'?
And this takjoq. place r ir this ha riNg a Magic' of tlicrrr khi?
rhere two ()Niers of order: 5.equrritial ;Ind jusficr. Firms
this I,a lint. on, a series of cleavages will incessantly divide every atn in
cat' ()lir lexicon,. Alfe.a14h affhe cif tEai COMinCriccrrIc lit,
Lo die according Lek nature or according to
ISIS Lrar I ticling stir mill itioilSly th:ilii CP113Clattl and probiclii
;Ric 41)151,-;11 jury; hciwrt IL physi ;1 i1 I i ts othcrs. fek.113 1.101133.17.C.
-

ci•., which are Frrund to b.e 2t work in dm oilier principle, the

immological principle of the arokhi". the principle ul the command-
ment. All would he simple if Lilac were Wu: principle or two pr in-
Liplcs. All would Ii simplc if tits jPhysis anal cad) one ils others
•erc Gilt rbf [WI] As vie hat c str5j5c4,:teil rar n !ging time, ii is tioi liiitg
of i lir sort, .1., et we arc Forever flrr getting this. There is always morc
than olic LAO More Ea' Iris than two_ In the ord•r of the Cum-
y ! De
kich dun WI a 1 10.3i Il the -SC “et to tilC 11013WC. re t- (It is
incticenirriC .1S well :is in (he order of the commandment. what is happening, right here, When a house the Freuds IASI 1

The concept of the archive shelters in iRsrlf, ot course, this .

heronicc a museum: di passage from one institutionto an-
memory of the name ark , 131.Lt it also shriicri itse.11 from this other.) With such a status, the documents, which are not always
which it shelters; which Conies down Lt] Saying alSu that it discursive winings, are cmily kept and classified under the title of
folge Ls it. flicrr nothing accident.1.1 or surprtsing about thiS..
r
archivr virtue of a privileged mprifogy, They inhabit this
Coin iJr 1.41 ilnpr.m it in IMC racy
often has, sit•h .t concept IS nut
1.1111:4_11111110[1 IPLCC, tlti 1]134.:c of cll:Ction where talk' A111] singtihriny
to archive. (The has ti.nlible, and for essential reasons, establishing intersect in privilco. At the inlersee (ion o ilie topological and the
it and interpreting It in the document if delivers to US, here in the
nomoIngical, C.•1 the [ dart! and the law, or I he substrate and the au-
-

word which names it, rhai is n•ilirdLive." In a v..ay, [he term in- thority, a scene of dorniciliation becomes at once visible and invis-
deed refers. 31% 1)15{` WORM 4.:01" laly 111.711CVC, DO (]YC arkhi 111 the :
ible. 1 stress this point Cur reasons which will, 1 hope, appcai more .

4IM•ir ed., fir effittnie.Igirdi PieC1SC, whI•111 i c t{P Mir' 1KP 1.111C 714i-
clearly [atm licy all have to du with this wpo.immniogy, with thii
•

11ary, the fi.rst, rhe principial„ thr primitive, in shin!. to 'lir com- did 11111111C i)1 iliminicithition, with this orChic, ini trlatli pa
mencement . lint even more, a rid awn rariter, ;11T1LIVS!
- '1 " TEICES tti the ion. without which no archive would ever come into
ar10.? in the nomologicat sense.. to the arkilic; they play or appear as such, To shelter itself and, sheltered, to conceal
AS is WC case lor the 1....0.1.tn are:An/•m or MON U17.1 (a 1.)..'ufd that is
.
itself '1 'his a fcliontie linicLiou is nOt SUlely topo-lioniological. It
u00.1 in the SinglIk1f. wive:v. the French ardrur, formic' ly employed does not only require that the archive Ix: deposited somewhere., on
;q. 3 111LISCILI:5114: singuildr: lhe meaning of "ArclIIVC,.. its
$1.11111e substrate, .11141 al die diSliansil ion via legitimate herrilene111 it
incaning, <1..FrlieS t(a it from the Greek arkbrion: Milli:111y 3 authority. The archontic power., which also gathers the functions
huuse, a ClOrnicile, an address, the residence of the sll
r tl kagin- FM' HI)
of unification, of identification, of classification., must be paired
train, the tifthellS, those who commanded. The citizens who 11111• wirh what we will call the power of consignation. 13y consignation,
held a11K I Siguilicd political lic.oli.ver were CuliSiderCd 10 pOSScSS the
-
we do not only me-an, iJl the ordinary SCine L 11C word, Ike act
light to Make or to represent the law. On at:intuit ctl their ptIbliCly
of assigning residence or of entrusling Su fl 14) put intu reserve (to
rc•ognized Anhui ity, iC is at 1110...`iir home, in lhat plat' which is ihcii consign, io.dcposit), in 3 plate' and on 3 SI.lbstrittc, but here the act
house (pr 1.1•att! 1101,154.7, Llnily
house, or emplOyce c honse), that ofii- 4)1 r rirrsig i fig llinuttgli gathering trogctire• sign!. It is niii only the
. i
.

cipl m ;-1 re filed. Tlie are hOfkS arc first of all the dOCkirrient.N
trallitiOnal cormigruArio, that is. the written proof, but what all con -
1

Thtv du nut (nay ensure the phySiCill St.!Ctirity O what is signori° begins liy presupposing_ Consignation aims to coordinate ri
clepu,iicd and or thc ThCy are Aso ic.•cord•d the
single corpus, in a System or a SVJICIll Ony in which .111 the cicinents
-

MUIR: I OIL and compclenCe. They hoe powrr ttl interpret die
arttlailittE WC Unity
. or
an ideal. Configuration. In an art:hive, there
archives.. Flkili.1%10EI 11 arclions,
these documents in effect si1C.Kilti Mit br any absolute dissiiciation, any liererngcricilv fieVIre'l
1 13 .4.1114-

speak the law: they recall the law and call no or impose the 131.9..r. which. could sc 1i;irate (carraere), or partili011, in an obsolllbe !Thin-
-
3
1*• guarded thus, in the jurisdiction of this 174.rking the lair. they ner. The arehontic principle of the archive is also a principle of
114.-.ed.cd ar once a guardian and a localization. L....Veil ill
consignai Din, [hat is, of gathL r i rig together.
1.1101111[P 1.3r their hertnclictilii: traditiOn„ the ..irchiyes oyuld du ❑ c.i• It goes. wiElhaut :saying lion) now on that witercvm tale Could
thrr without stihntralt Freudian psychoanalysis, to rethink
attempt, :t!141 ini pattiCillar in
-

Et IS thlds. 1ILIS this hr11.1SC 'an c v. that arc:hives.

III - .
the place and the law according to which the a rchmtie beCOMCFr
take place. The ckvelling, this place where they dwell licrnianiently,
instituted, wherever one could interrogate or contest, directly or
11T1:.1r1.;.:.... ilk institutional passap,c from the pri•al0. To the public, indirectly, this archontic principle. its authority, irs Titles, and its
 gcncalogy, the right that it commands, the legality or the legiti- correspondtnce. for example? What conics under systern? tinder
macy that depends on it, wherever s.ccrcts and betel ogencits. would biogratilty or autobiography? under LFersimial . Sir 3E1LC11.CCI. Mk 1 a naln-

)4:C1 [I Lu )4:111.111“Ve. I .1 1.11It: possibility of Lonsignancw, this LaIL C_1111. 1 • nesis? In S Saii1 ELJ lK alCOIrriital, what is worthy of this nainc
114L'04• graveg.' ,1)115.01.]10L:111XN 1 -01 .1 l lltclry or thc archive, d.:5. WCI1 ;1S for and .what is nor:: Should tiny rely on what /;rend says
. this Ito-

its implementation, I .5ciroce of thr .:111ECIVIVC must in- Ci.1:55.11y his workiI „Should one for example take him at his word
clude the theory 01 this : in stitntiorial t7atinn, 111;11
say. the theory v.:11e. ❑ he presents his. Moses as a "historical novel'"? In each 01 these
both or d law which begins by inscribing its.elf there and c the cases, the limits, We hordt ts, and the dis.t have 1Jker.:11 Lkc II
right which authorizes it_ This right imposcs or StiliptISE3 blind1C by an Cara/ 4_141a ke 1runL ke.•/IiCh do claAsificatiolial concept and no
Id limits which Ila•e a history, a ticconstruc tabk history, and LO 1.11.0 it113141EnCillaR1 43 11i c . tf the archive C;10 sheltered. Order is nn longer
lirCO1 rlifli4 )11 GI 111C11 psych( Nina] ySIS 11;45 I VA be.:1.11 for S.:1.w, to Sil."y .71.SSUCC411.

IA:1.1!!Ft. 1 . 111S cleeonstruci ion in progress concerns, ;IS always, the

insult tnion E.}1 limits declared to be IiiStJi rnountable, L whether they . I dream now of having. the tian to submit for your 1.1iSOISSiOn
involve 1...3E1)il• or state law, the relations between the secret and the niurc than one thesis, niece tit 1 c ..a This time will never t ar giwc ll
.

nunsei_tei, or, and this m not 113c Sal 1.3 c think between the prisine to tire. Allhi•c all, l will never 151We the right to nilte you r titlir sir
tLlLl the whether 1 1 icy inlrcrlyc nix ty or ilICITS.0 righis, . as 141 impose upon you, rapid Fire, these three n essays_ Submit
lication (Fr rrprotlitel ion right% iNhether they invillve classification led to the test, or your discussion, these theses thus rtinain„ for the
arid putting nix) order. What comes under theory or under private time being., hytiotheses. Incapable of supporting tlicir demonstra-
iii_pn„consitailied to posit along the way ill a 110.1...1dC 4 11/11i.C+1 11•011

AppCilr apt times dogmatic, l will recall thcm in a inure c ritical And
1. Of course, the question Of a. pIllitiCS ui t6. .411:1 6 m is +14117 iserioartrill ori•
, . 1

11.1 n r in CO11(111610 .
col:11101k 11471i, r Cli if [Ile id d lecture doe s u.ot rinit US L'_ Lrcat 113. 5
ill evc kly a ru3 with eNalnples. Fhis kiiicsliisn will i3c•c.i LK- inific4.1 :IN 41 11C The- hypotheses hne A common trait. They all concern the illq -

11+117114 ;I I 4.11.11r%[1C11] 111114 ing 114 hers_ It runs 01irmir,11 Ihs whole eif the FIC1 1 arlcl iii in Inv opinion, by klic Freudian signature' on its own
pre.k.Cio.Y0? 1Cft.
truth (lett rrnirtcs polities from top to t..14.141[01n as 1C ptebilea. T Ile re is no archive, on the concept of the archive and of archi•ization„ that is
sal ix.rwrr Without Lulartal tri th.c. dirdli've, If •,IFeL live &null
to !iay also, inversely and as an indircci coILSCEALPCIICC, Lin historiog-
i 74111 1 41 1.'.1n thiA essential VA I
raphy. Not nly iii Ih.iNtoliooaphy in general, not only on the hib-
III and the Access. E0 the archive its constitution_ and its irtterp.reiation. A
1.011.1 111C hie:Aches y CJI1 II•c 17 ica:5Urt41 by what d rt- 001111 and In Su
tory oftilt- o concept rii tli• ;naive, but perhaps also on the history

111;kily ways ICEILIfk.1111.c. i.vork For f.triden Archire4 1:.1re hires ?Far•n.1;14-1 formarion, of a rant tr rr1 Re neva /. We are s.aying for the time
-

f frpr.rrg car4 (2.1 Le% flu? d t7J;.1741ire 4'11.17M-1.11r91111114').. Un.cler this tit k, which we Fx in Fretdian sigmartre os not to IlAYc. co decide yet beti,....een
ilte as the triettinvinry of ail Chat is. IIILIk►fE211.1. ILL re - , Sun I gl CjOltlibt not Only Sigmund Freud, the pioper name, On the one hand, 3 Lid, an te'
g.1111{ r .4 L 11, 11 .1.1411•tAlde 4.- eillf•1ion h.) inrcairro it,
oilier the invention of psyclmartalysis.: projcct of knowledge, of
4.k rainrIerTstIS CS:CC:15 111AI CkleSKIg)1) -5 about the writing of hivlory, a 11.1113! ihr "rr

.11 4.1111VC 1 'HMI, iti)out

the 51,1,Lc over
prat:tiKr and .1 IIL'1titLi(icFr1. community, filthily,. licM111C:111416111, COO -
1
al-Chive" -pl_luvr • • • Of.
the i 2 L I. Aiming all of ilICSC [SI][]I is, A1141 III r signal/Jan. 11.1111.54.' "11111.15C 431 n ," iIS the prcs-cnt stale of its a rchivi-
- "

1 11ic lxuik, kr nc i mlatc here the one thot 15 ersitiOrkant, In .1 zation. 1 h3t is in question is Iiicated precisely &queen the two.
wa.F_ with tlic low trine of ouf hypoillests, even if this furtdainental note. the I laving thus announced WV intentions. and promised to colleLt
mg. r Love!' I. 4111 IkLr 11111.1 - 1%. •As if in Emslins, Ukritilx aNks in
thiciti st1 ;15 LO C0111:114.11li 3114.pl.e organizecl frill 1131' I ask yi.Fui
rfjrrl: "L lhor- lla ka1 I r111riled gf ring ionic creili t to the irdlip,virig 41111.4 • r
permission to take the Linu: and the liberty to curer upon sevcral
vati on, but It do e...$ nor wriri gorily III Ise 411ir [4110111r ih:111CC that the corporation
,

wc1I-kriown historian,. Lit t.i.Fiiterni.x?rair) Fra211.4.• t% Esscia1131)., aril! fr ugh 0 Icngthy prcliminary cxcuirsions,
w cxLciitilorn, . TIM I burr 1.1I1r 1111114' rSkirm 3154)
, I 1.1511.
 Ex e g e
Aetording to a proven t -orivention. the exergtec plays with citation.
TU CRC before beginning is to give the tone through the resonance
01 a few words, the meaning or form of winch ought to set the
stage, En other exergne consists in capitalizing ink ali el•
hpsis. In arcii[riolating capital in advance and in vrepa ring the stir -
plus value ol*Nn archive. An excrguc serves to stock in anticipation
and to preRrehive a lexicon which, from there on, ought to lay
dnwn the law and give the order, even if this rnt.....ans contenting itself
natiling the proble..rn, that is., the subject. In this way, the cx-
ergue haS allR2C illstILtitive anal a conservative function: the
violciLcc 01,1 Flower (Gewalt) Mil,: h at once posits a n cl con5Cr•:c. the
low. as the fieni:imin of Zur Kritik der Gewalt Nvi) did sa ,)% What is
at issue here, starting with the exergue, is the violence of 'he ar-
chive itself, as archnv, rr.j arthiati
IL is thus I In: first figuic of an archive', because curry archive, Wi
wi!!! clear~' . „1.)mc inicEctices II mit this, is at once Institutive and too,
,

kri•ifi•e. Revoliniollary and traditional. An C -nOrIliC archive in

this double sense: it keeps, it puts in reserve, it saves, but in an
unnatural fashion,. that is to sav irk making the law (noPni.b) of in
making people respect the law_ A moment ago we called it not1io-
1.1. has the fiircc onave, or a low which 1. N the law oht he house
4ok.9.5), of the house is illACC, dOlTlieile, family, lineage, or institu-
tion, I laving become a intISCUM. 1 7 reies, house takes in all these
powers of eco nom T.
 I '14. 1] C :MIMS willexercise in themselves, in Limit- exergual fiirrii,
mich a function ol archival cr„:0E1011i1 . But LiL iniLkiug refcrener
C 1:0E1 1-1 .131y II and implicit eel-ea- Ace, they will also
have this function orc theinc or :LS. 011:11C.T .L. These. citations CC.1111:42
alasl bind bet thelllSriVeS, IlApS secretly, two places or tri-
scriprion: prifaing and crrcurndiciore_
lac fi ri f f..if dr.el r e.tergtieS is the n]rarC .typugrapii / •ra. The archr•u
sernis 114-rr r4 confrirrn hriter tgi its OnitCctill.. ile4:21.1Se it is ellittlls.tril
lhe outside,. to an externa l' stibstrate and not, as the sign ,,r the
cove ria n[ in ci rcu mcisi ko ail inark, Fight on 1 he Au—ea ] led
but] proper. 130t where >tS Outs ide coin on e Lice? '['leis iliac:it ion
Ls thc to.cstjun J rch rec. There 41rc- noodle's.
At the EK-giiinia5g of charocr 6 cd and kr Dim-whet•Ark
(1929 30), Freud pretends to worry, Is he not investing in useless
expcnditure 3 Is lie nor in the process of rninbililiiij,2, a ponderous
archiving machine (press, printing !, ink, paper} to record something
which in the end does nut tnCtil. 5111C11 C.x.IMIlse? Is nut 'Whin is
ptuparing Ii deliver 10 tli• [}1 •I w c 1 Isivial as to be ay:111111)• co.
cry's-I -re? The Freudian 11•34ictin litre inticet1 s trrsses a certain
"prini i rig" technology of archivizA (kindruck Druck. eirtie'ker1),
but on h. see :lq ICh feign the faulty eciinotnic calculation. Freud also
entrusts to its the 'itnpuession" {/-:mplinfiung), the ferl Mg inspired
hi• this C. Xi:C SS3 4,11 t1d ultimately C.N (t1 0 1111 ilti a peril ..Ws . much Lypograpitie composition? I.)oes merit printing? Aren't
L3 SVICSS int:111Y C:
In none cif Eny previous writings have hack so strong a reeling
.
[/-:mpfinda.....g 1 as now that I alit de.scribing is common
.
kni.p.A.IEN.Ige Pike-00mm liekantifes1 and that 1 am using up paper
.,iikti iiik fflo►rry wed Trlarl and, in (Inc tutirSs:, tklc coniposi
Iiu .s an41 priiit•r's. work a rid Ell ia ISCPC.Crarbeit tend i ) rtfrker -
irrhri rfirZr all:Miami in irrcicr to expound things which are, in fact.,
cc.-11E-rviclem IN19J eigevilech Jwil..utveritiinelikire Ding? zu ef.1 -2:iih ear I..
.
f.' 2[:1111
I II Nil !IL, this is aL 11.11 of ink and jiver fiir rifithing, „ an ty
pograithical volltnnc, in shrill, ;1 material substrAre which is out ol"
all proportion, in the Last analysis, to "recount" ite•ziihien) storics
that eve.ryc.itic like inOVCtiliclit of this rhetoric leads else•
where. 13-cc ;kuw i ; Lrelld e lr.aves :mother inference, in the retrusipcetive
logic kinarc perfect: toifl heae. to have intetild an original
-
proposition .wilich will make the investment profitable. In other
words, he will kia lie fuuntl soineth,i14,... new ff.? psychoanaly-
si5: a 'imitation or a break within his own theoretical institution_
And he Nvill have not only to have announced stinie new., bur also
Ito, have archivecl it: to liave pot ir, as ir were, ref the pr•.rf:
[=or that reason 1 should be glad te.r 5cize the point if it weft to
appear that the itcognition of a speeii-11, independent a.ggresiiive
[otre-a brs oquleren, selbsiiindigen Agressionitricbcsi means
an ALI:ration. of the psycho-analytic tlicory fir thc ...minds. [SE
21:1171
T11C ant] flit logic of this paritgrapti are vertiginously
Lutilling. All LtIL beC.P.mic atcy feign ihsalinel I ii..avetLIn
can also lx: rt-.14.1...1.5 a tIneatritalizinge51 .irch.ivization, Freud
seems ;1r first to r•rinrin courteons tit►iatio borievoicwiar, bit
like al e one i ovvu you herr: in the trid I have nothing new tee say'.
Why detain you with these worn-out stories? 4Vhili this wasted
hinc: Why tit - chive tins? Why thew investinents in paper, in ink,
Lrr diard.(1.4:.tv.' Why niot Filiz.c so inucli space 4ind .50 Mad' wurk, s4)
-
stories to hr 11:11.1 eVeryv•liere?
If it is not without perversity, this captatio hencivIentiae tunis Collt
to be itself o. useless exi_mi(liture, the fiction of a sort of rhetolical
-
question:" lirin ICL [iately alterward,. Freud suggests CitCCIt tll II Li S
iirchniz...ition would nut be so vain. rind a p.tere loss, in ihr hypothe-
sis that it tvould cause I'' apprar What irk fact he Arrntly knows
catic to appcAr, and lihnS. chic is nut hypothesis for hint, a
h y pothesis sul.unitted for discussion, but rather ail irresistible thesis.
namely tht. possibility or radical perversion, indeed, .0. diabOlical
ticath drive, an aggression or a tlr.struction drive: a drike, 1 11 L3 5, rd
loss. - I - 13C test of the chapter recalls everything which bad alrcatly,
since lit-I...whir the Pleagure. Principle. (I 92:0). more than tern years ear -
lie`r, iTillrOdUCed rhis des' ruction drive in the psychic economy, or
 [Haler [he psychic arkecorwiliy, in clic accur6.e41 share or this pLift. f:or f2x.Ccptiolo... Rut are ‹..x.ceptions in this cast?
hi.ss eX1c114.1itidir. 4ii•Livws ilic 4.[Ju1lusion here yeti when. it iiikcs tllt rutin of :Hi inEcrior desire, anarchy
to civi[i.zation., alkyl indeed to tiiscoliE42131A7 whilc. at rh.•. sarnr• be NL7FC, 5.;Lvc cxccplion: that is.„
time giving over ILO a sort ;pi au.141.1.3itagr;iphil'al., cli.C.Cpl if it tliS .R4lises excupt if i[ a ints
41171.1 instituticillial. an.ar17ne5i5. ln the cou3 se of this teca[pituluiir)li,
. up of paints itsert (gefdrbl jig') iri soffit culLie Cul° r_ This irli[ott:-,:iikin
-

SirCSSCS a.11.171'4.1 :31.1 1[5,^ resistances that this death drINt 1r1C1L1:5,e'Vely- of crogerioms color dn. Ails a tnask right on thc skin. In•oihcr wolds,
-

id7CPC, (11.][NLCIC EMJCIN ;1:1. ;LS it wcirc,. 311J in pSyCluyaisalvEic clic archiviolithic driyr is ncycr present in person, itsch.
Ltrars wc11 as in hinscell 11111 rn its e rr(L CI It 1(4 1 C IR) I ilritni tr Lti t O(- 9 1.1C.I !LIS IC) 1.1{3C1.1117CUL
of its (null- As inheritnnee, it lc;recs. only its eroCii: siinullerurn, its
9 1.3/ clefensive arri[ude I'meinee e.rkeweir A.buy•hul pseudonym in pai.riting, 'Ks sexual id015, irS rnnsks raf scdurlim):
Whtn 14.1Ca Cif It in5ti.rict of dcstru.c[ion fi.rsr crrielge..(1 Lovely impressions, These irnpressio.ris are perhaps the very origin,
Elsvehio-unolvtic litcraluse, 81D.1 'W.V.! 1.4)11g 1E Nicik Ilw:Fmc I 1.3.c.C.Airic: of ...vtiat is so olisz ure Ey called the lxauty oC [he beautiful. An tne.i]i.(1.-
trceptive to it. [Si:: 2[; 120J rie5 dead'.
Bill, 1.11c 1111.1St EJt slicsSud, artiviviolithic furcc leave!,
fir Emil prc:viciusly nia<ic two felllarkS, xs if 171 passiiir, iar whil.•11 nothing of its own. behind. As the de2th drive is also, accoi Cling t4.,
11 . 6'C niLiSE not fail 1.;if5t Of @II I. SiLICe the Tn0St striking words °Ft:Fetid hin)5df, an aggression and a de •
rcSi.S.EatiCc, lie Can no 14)1LgEr thuilk Qtlicrwise uch giche (I )eltredivron) drive, it forgcthilmrs5.,
ticw.kceJ Frciic I h dirivc is neSia., EL: cif. memory, P.107e1r7.1Z 1.11.1ti.r77.11S, .31S4)

ntJ longrr J LIchatably hypothesic._ i:yen if [his sp rt uiation r3rvci. CIAL1311;111LIS the ICICht- ;11 [1-11111 the i-ratlic.aliork him
rakes the form cif ciern jilt is pr)siird, ir %I. ;laich can never 1)C rccluccd to my.iente or t o alromm7.4.i, rhat is, the
fOr Ananke, fE is 1s if Freud consignation, the documentary or nlontirnental apparatus
4:4)1.31(.1 tlf.) 10[1g.:f hCriCCrOfih, [KC irreducili.l.e.. and origiriary as hypopmema, rrinem otec h n ica l SLIpplernerit or representative, au x-
this drivc he [lames heti:: iliary or itic.-cnormickini. Because tht! •aschive 5 if this wurd or this
sometimes 1111V1:, S41(11-12LIEUCS dr51.1'11C110[1 ;LS. J igure caul be stabilizud su as to Laker kiwi ii signification, twill neve'
I J I17eS0 Eihrt'r 1. 3.4 , 11.15.1.VUO: 111 ChiS (7151: Sy174.71L 1011S. SCCIAL{1.111dS thrre.- he 'Adler itic:Iiiii.ry or ariairincsis alive rind
11101riell. 11 rive Itl l4tc (31.0/7rm .i. EC is al wi)rk. but 5.115CV experience. { )n the cnntrary: the archive kaakcs place at the place or
operotes iI3 silence, it never [eaves am; it•s own. It (lc - ori g in r ). and structural breakdown of the said remory.
5troys in advance its own ard i iv c. as iIl E]L -dI [71.10.11 die VCry +1114: JS rare ajrhitY' wirliout a place of comfignation, without Lr ICc'h •
Li L ti it$ iimst P r 1.114VC]C1CDE. ii dcUiVr.)y fht 11,1yEte r.11 retie. ii.11 .11)02 r anti it'LehrRie J CeYeedibl ..Vri a rch tool .6 -

4.17 IAN" (0. 1',14irgfii'M& f cjfiri. i rr E

- wrih cg urea fej eifilf
,
ore/ •.11.i ide".
it% (AM ". 11Priper 17:11Ce 4.- E,roperly [ • C't Its ncti.c r kirgel this C 7rrc.k distinction Ihr
- PP,117e1Ple

k(I 'proper." Tr (kvours it even hcrorc prcmi it FAL 111r OM.. on the one 1Nand. and hyponinjnier cmn t its other. 'rhe ar-
17.11(1a112E;g15

51 de- 111 is 4Criwc, il10.111. then on, SC.0011 110E 4)111V E0

- n•rvirchic,. chive i5 hypoinnesie. And let us nott ire pa55ing aI (le.ci5ive paradox
ilnarchuntic EllUSL Jlt.pE [....irgeE (liar Ilse (Irryc, Lgiimry to which will nut have to. mtliro, but which untioubt(taly
rILrJ'41 1s it uiay 13. L5 1.71. a principle, ;31C [I1C 17/E.:1A1.1..1"{: 311.CI LoncliLion6 thc %chyle renlark: if thete Lifi;:ilivt.`

15111:14_711.1.CN): 111.1" GIC:11111.1115+C 1.5.;.1i.117VC all. 2'.1.1.1arth.wie. 011C 4.70111(t Mit c1111&ig();1.iiiik in An exfonal place which ii5S1.11rei:. the pos6iliility

E 11 :.1.1 9.v.ayS 1141'1.'1: I suci rt- ii ivc.• (-..1 royiug, by silrul cif flr rcritntitiati, c )f re puf)clurrion, or flireimpressian,

vocotion (hell triusr nisi) rcMin.r1libCt [KA air logic of re pc-

 Ell 1.011, kr.' I II he rrili'1L111511 ( -.0.13L11L31SiOt1, :I•C1}rtlit1g 11) of Goa_ .1100.1 proper J1,LI Iu.c fur 1111C
I ; rynkl. Erimi L[ic rivc. nLI thus irci.r]L I iiiiained. Ll.r 3 10: LI1c1.1, in 1 he rye:5.411i Clliristians 7 for "Chrisrian
6011_ C'OE1SI:CIL3r1Lri. right 0Ik that vi hiCh [11.°3 - 1Elitki s •i t . n • c " (,I thr te . xt), irrvc0nril.thly with Goa, We 51T
aridliiViKal 1
. .013, Vie Will EleVer rilld ;LINCLI 1211g idler 11141.11 CILNL -
11.1)W 1[1411 it Can Pls. - c-xcli I pate. God: el-if fOr sake, diabolical
CYI)USLS O.} tiC2S!ILLCELCI.(1 7 and IL] Ulla! illtrEtCel.1.4 iiii cieStiU1A.30.111, in- en:it the existcnce rif rhr I )tneil. can AttrVe. At in excuse (.EntscAfide ii- .

ti priCtrir ?CtE1ilE11•55. 4111{1 the a[CILIViLd]LilIC gber.iy) buf (_;04.1 brc m exeea re Ar (i) kiml crrtrrr /hi' 417.1ge and

r 11•10111.1FliCra1. I tliC 3LSCIE. ' 1 . 11C 1.11iVC ;11. LI] ICbCili ,LII 1 him, pint ;3S, .IflL]
' 11.hiC 13tilraills:31 1 tail ur
N.V.;k3•C Wrirkc.. ;111 , 1 E 1 ngy, Jr c:in piny1 hi an.al.ngi)us sok ;A co nwlic I dicfnr , .

Thc cic.:Trb drikie tends chnc is cieSTriTy [he hypin]ifietie archive., exon.crocion {di( st-lbe .r...grillsrewcie Rolfe) asignecl to hinn
excepc if it can he made up, [minced, pri[tted, rei)iesen[ed hr world of t[1.12 .1 1 TV:311 ldtlal. IL CIIIICr words, the radical (Ie-
.
. "

Lis the idt)] IA its truth in painiing. Alloalue 4:c0.1iotny is thus at SE.111CLI,[1 Can d.gal IL be •e.r..]2...•fed Ifl ariu[1141" [ogic„
k, kkittIL 111 35;k: Lind LIIC jkl.CLISUrk: cint.1041:.clgc: Tewne4.•.c 0 • an. a Eli VC V4'E1it h 4 :r1 pital i kg
1. 11:t5.4.•C 4.:13 Tliam.11.4ps Lind EPOS, ;111S0 1KEWCCIL LEIC ilCatIL c•cli iIL.1L Velki.Ch ruins ii or radically C011t•SIS it% pliwCf: r.LCLit zI r'dl
ancl. tEiis ApElart - ilt dual niipaskiickri cif prir•iikl.c.'s.. 4:;(11. Iw (if il.('StrL1C11f)11 C;1.13 hr reinvested G11 I thc •
101 emini i.de 1.yri3114 ple:INL3rt iodic:b., [he devil can also 5erce Kili.u.fifi-such is the destination of
1 1.;1: Is L]I)I a in 3L1Lipl.e. [( CVI2 11 LILrealeiLl. eleelli inCipality, thc Jew in the Aryan itit :11. (E3rher in the same text, Freud pro.-
,

CvUly a[CELLIIALL CyCly 1.[C1.113 d.CSLI C. It is What 1. 1.!C }]uses an interstirig uf. nationialism6 arid
I ill, later ran, lc I? ra rir a re' Inv( "archive feve.i. -
on Which we 1:11.3011 lCI InCirnal.c 1 1.3day LaL.it ihvilliCh CatliLCIL possibly
Such is ike st cric, .LE 4)114.T . k..-ysirld cdlftgilig. 1 7 rCtIcl •fficr 4114111M-1.
_
11151try 1 Ile 1.3StleSq C.14 rp.owlirure parki.„ ink,
and I lkipOgrarkilie priming, in rAller v...ords, the 1:19.orious. UI- In a preliminary 5111r1t1. ;311E1 .rill EiEni[ing ourseiwes to this. nr-
ti C5LlileJlt in Clic arcliivi2, by ptuti.1I4 forward [ht no\ city (.11 ch.i.wizatiun of the ardlik. I L.. INC ought to pay attentlim
1 :C.3 (.1 ❑ C Sti itu.14.1.1 rc_si ....1.am42., Lo a ddlL, LL LIS <onsidcr Col the 1111;1Chillk • 1(101,

first or all in lkitliSCIE, .1Eltt ilfrfiSrly its MIMI( VEX:aiikkiL is 10 iimiclidcul, i Jl I : L4:13(fs
. LO rep.irsen I ihr (.1 61751;ei4 MelnilCkry as
burp •h4 - Arichivc and tci incirc (lulus rciiiiing ligIC.•flidi C111.1?1;e ;ILLS111 111;11111dy tllr ildryili• Pad (der Ti r1 nfierbif .4).
- .

pri 1.114' t I 1L]i It 0.4:01.1.31111111110.11 ThiN IN AS also prescracci .aiter 'Beyond

:11.11d CA 011111t..mwry 4)n. :skin :51Lb5trat a311 eXlel 101 Plecuure P Ncipler thc. Irk in which Freud admits to pi,Iying
1 11;11. c_ - th e &y ds ci e itocate.'" l Ii t.l.t'SCr141111.31 .5 iILCLLkICs several (1.3
1 5'1:15;111, ill gclicrall, can Ellis SUbStratc L.:Awl:10r to wlial.? that l•iiich ii tlic .1.1t]1.32; lyirrt' Pad is r4A1141illo1lcil
Vir'liat CLI►-CS ITiran? rirrki[li•iSiClik, for CI:111111.11r, illc cArlicr ck-L;cription„ kIY ..Cyr./19/10
/4 cif alt: "St I'LliCIALTC .1 the 1.nych Lc

tC‘rifir L11;41- 1:.' Es. it nu a rchivc - pv.i.r;(111 11111AnslAringaricl C1114:564Pning I hiSSIniiiReNotin

1 t Ttfr.r.ta alw;kys ti) Ix' po .ASible, Certilf m21) 101' the if. anderblock. I attempted IAwl g agu 1E1 il.31a.lyZe, as CI OSC I y
-
prissible,

alkeCO3kOr1 .31- -1.31 . [his

•
ic.peCe [0 the diabolical Beath I hc relations bctwecri the inoitd 1)I Ardlivization, technic .;LIkty,
, I hile,

4IE Thil, IS ;31 all a171]s:;31ani_C. 1 -'3•CLIC1, In Massing, giNCS a Strik . And du.at11._ 1 [ficd toEk.I1.1Ltit OW 1111.11k IL5g 111.15 10X1Cri .g.elideret1 1101I3
iiL At 4 he tiI31V •..)0.fLarrreigh. (1929-30], ;In C343(15[1.1.I: %Nal 15L11. ilIC inct:Aphyni.C4. 111 a5.51_ir.i.inct5 iII. which, it steins 1111, it
k :ill ilk unn.ri- ciginihr-int, in its historic Al :1311C1 inivmprE. hrldl. Without i e the t itiesi inn.. I. fir un 1.a; eti at the time
d not like to be rernin.dcd, Trebel (Ff. thic c.rxis- (in pkrlirlliar concerning ttic 'Freudian concept (Tribe heretlitary
tepee or 54:A.LET35 t4) CC)L3LradICL Iht Si.)V.er7g111 goudness niuminie trace" III G.',P..irn.2g and DitIcrencc 197; 1_,Ierri.ture 294 .15, 1 would
 noii! ,:3111„ haA sit UI `3DU.DI3S 'a311313S-oulln1 cv - 33u.D13s Icy :Num)
41;ampa30.31.1 blind pur Dirm [(I gi! . 10 ,4 1 1/.711„ 5:11 j() 'WM

Kic Jo stsAietnnykr“.g.ri in IL16111r2.3.1.11LIDYK 3y1 IDLIDF.r 'mg Li lop ay ca uotlepi slt Lit sisAieueL,43.tisd U autiinj 4Ij ;tiLtp si

St5.4.1[-muO11]kE1E Jo 1paCcp ira1i414201p .?1.11 Altbn

'..).d.ponj 5s..1 l'rupdiutt s! .11,A1 Jrks.si s!

ou :J:31310 _layout] JO )1101 ist.toitsJub pampi imp° .2

, 31X01 .(laJp.na. kit: it) 13tileJ )riq -

+ppouj 3.1 .p Jo ;?nle.,.., rrli atdaJ ;11.11 uI .noauluJs_i_11.1.1.1 u1 Ss..,1.011..1

..5.1.rup 1 7:1 1
; Z.1717." .P" 31/3,L.Pff/(1 .•1 1 -s..11[11.1.1 r 441 )1

'q3.51 1111'01 .1113 saElnprur .13Liin 01 p:)I1'ill[1.0 -0 4,1C7YtilliLiEl

51kullU111.110.) aiLiturg 3.;)1•4101. uuticialib U JLI p9nc).51. 11 '11'311 7.1

cr irJudtual 30 pur X7111 1rfIc Jr1 (iitilsNa24).1(1 J1, 3,1.0 %II 4 1 1' 3341 C j( -11:( 136 [1 0 "Pn
- Ed E lEt [lir Sin] 4 .11:XI Ed .10 :I1E IS 11E1.11 xaviturri. 3..10 1141

.11111111 pur: ali1):),YITIpJF ]I? 11r4b; alkillir).%) 30F 71111.71 - 14111 1 l(111101) OU si .1-)iart Te. c i Duls14-if itr?Doutli Jr' wq1 inn]
iosop jl 1;:201.11.1.ku ).J131.11 ll 41:31.1111[1.3%;.5J
-:(Sd X.I1 10 g.gr11)11-11S ?OD 1.11 [14.031ile SS.DJA)Jr1 in S1e.1.3:14.1(In
:, sne)aid :Ail I. s.ps.)kpoc I A 1.1 X.:H.1130 Jaypr....: .q111..1hi1!3131111 i_{.11,11A1,}1.11 ,./,,leili1,1 5...L1 cr1 11.111.,-1. 3k[ 11!.)[ 1k! 61.1.1 • E111141.1i

]11) ill `1111.11A4 1 31111.13ritl CPT A)111(113tipki 31p tini.uvx.3. pnal z i

. unuli2133311(11.1.110;) L umlE1.11.10.1)).-Ii,4 4 7iumudinu)0J21 1.U1),,prsi
I141 sanp .10N:J 113. sd- 1111 fori.q.n apntruq pup 1.111'31, SI unrincios
31111413t 1, )111 ILA.) Ipater-111(11U1(571

-Cr7.1)(11 ['FM Inn 4 JJE! .0;01.3;ir: 11314.15 SF1111.11 N111, ,u[ 51ur11311n111113 '411Clanbri.suo) 'pue--)unimmt )11,T_ •pruDitrictns 5n411

JO) 4 ,0►0 11.03111 plie3-os in swtMlIgnirl JOI l'irotrinpoicbi .rot Fur sr wa[,15 iiii]Dutquo(ls muntrtu Dip JO 03 s5,3ua1.11 31ralci
riu5.5,13atr SCI pt.r• .)3u,)15t7►3 s)i 'smendde 1135n.p.isc.1 atp
Luslue-Lilko 31p I1 .4(i Ailw-ofirp
si Jo re4).r.)-e V11 1 .C.113.1.VIr1ti45ER Jr' )211.1)5e11' 31r1p.1 1.1i0J1
511HeiLl.C1r 341.1).4.SLE D1.11 1 -
.3011 Jo ..)Dir?Ds

uoiniima .14.11 ti1s15JJ J11) 111t15% 11%1 'AlevUl.n.11 pA1P1•1111ITHIC AI15:T.4d 11! L1r1 1.Ar 111I1 1)111o.) `J3App3)41111r
uullaas „Tn.!

n] 51satruludio.1 piru )15313111 3)1PCP lr 1 11131 IllAiSZLICI.)_l JO cilCrler.qt13.»'• °11 5)1 111 11:)itT111lp];,1

,,j;s slip .1cl-urn...Ale mi] ..Pril)nsts Dip "5,rwl-ir 1±fi?r-oxi i irp o_r;ss ;xi L.-flunk-is ileki it u;).1.;) '..(10RET7i1.1.1110 Ain!! rric rods P.111;111.'

NU IseDi ;up .ti.J .r,,. ssapaiu w1. 4131. 41M 11.33UIDIdd1IS Li p32!iru3ie11 ,, :at) jo
p- 4 fJV.n 'FIVI/UX.r. , ;2fir1 , 61.1 }[Se
.341 JUIUIVA..) 40u s,311) limaJA 1.11,91 :isr 01.
si 11 '01?".i 1)1 tunial 1)U Him, 14L1oi irAJai.)1) Jpsir Xtr!ppow CF St (5 [31
puliLLIC IPUNI stli..uh.11110 3.3 11[111 11] 1111. 41 1531 J.517 11.1 [51110111).
-5.0ddri.S.-.41(1.31.111)11011! Jo .au pur

-.101 []E:1.1 I S:t.1131111JA.I.Y5.11 1 ..) 111) 3[3 .4.01.3.)111.1111:4 -ocil

.1.1141 311111.111' 110 g.uuu :ay itOrioup pm' in1,1.1 ..] 10'111 [p; :

:Amp .)ti] 4,11.34 ril.krOeitdiii XII kliJOIJD.Ix.> /17.07frre 'AM ui 121.1.7011.1.1 pill! .r.)Irdr.
111173 11 "1139 Ap.N.-Inifi s! 10

st [1,kIr -XVS (1) SSITIX14/ 1.14391!);:).3 112 71, 1kil Fur .1.111)1ra1 Ica s.)Drirl S4judi.)13.11rti p.A101)Liuge

30.; 571.1.1BU moilesuuvuo, po •inJuLDnidsip e .. .(1111tp.s- uudia.1 iu31.14JALI.1 13.a1EJEN.1.)s

AUE443
in 'tiniKsJ]ibu JOlumwticEpio JO S..101211:1 30 11.11.)!incipls1p

311101 Jui `Wirlp.,1033.,t 1111 L X111)1.11.1ti 10i 4 U011A1.1).11JCI ID) SillitiVddir 111 ..
sL V.11111:111111(h! :)I1[1 JO 11,1:1341)1111 iruour]nasoidad ;3111114 paqq.n.t.Ur
SI urcp put'. 'J.) l/1r s1i u13311f77 p[TIOM A.
-for.i .SCI )10 u011/.(r).11..r...7 jilu.'n/dA41 riei alp ..) 1,1 17 W 1 m 1c-u[ PIP 1 1) 01-1.I,
;1:5.14) 11pi-P 1 .( 11.1r JPS!Cliti MOW: IOU [IPA I 4 11 4-90!) lit.1( 1 1
_1L1] 31.31. 3...1A11.1)0 !;f1.11. 4,149[1:1 pAL.1.1,1 '9961 iti
J T'S•rc Arm .. L;Irriu.)sa _)L11 'Fair 143411 ..i.■11111.11A1111' .11. 11.110• 1111 11!.5111..o.ip!
AS311 35311] On cup in 131rrub 15111 .1 polura..ip a/Or 9

•f_urpirp rim/ ISION )1! 40 nxr ;asp u Silloilcanb

A.Ipirti pylori min 11pu9 4ei. Irl 51uripp- 41.i ipm(p.rp. Aupol ropiAnyi
S..) -.3.musp1 ALI] u7511Esn4E5up. [up •1 1x1 , 1.41

jviti To put 'I411iD11(113 JO U 011
I1E111 14 jo 4 uoilDnix).h.l .. 1.1 Jo LuondInsul io ".iffmulLid Jo 'uourz
J0 s.31111ti1L13ai .3911 3{_} UPP1111.1 1.111.Popi11011. I! 1E15111.1.1 A[1.1t) 1.111!)
lIE' 111 swrircfdr mil . 10 Itnuoilaun; iii.)s.aJc1..)3
•kLitfuJok .1 1
. .1u1,34;)331.p ram .4,[a401) 314)111 Atc11103 01 _Idol! I llinr.1101.1
• 1I[p `11{1111N111:1011117 .C.411 Il.}1/.1-1.311 14 1[ • 1 11r311.111.J.1):1 .31145 3)1) 01 nil! .1..1,1tut-;
 till 1%S: W1111:11 411 r 44'S'I- S - C cFr I rim); pr ov i sir ' nal ly or definitively en-
any C.asc, such ;is, without the archive, one still Lie
,

WOUld C.XiSt III

crypted; they concern the archivization of its institutional and clini-
livven. it was or will have been. No, the technical structure of the
cal practice, of the academic.. scientific, and jnridico-editorial iispcct
ardr iving Rrehive also determines the. StrliCtUre ctrchin.ihir
of the immense problems of publication 01 Of tfiltiSlAtkill
content even ill its very coining into existence and in its relationshiP
whi4:11 we are acquainted. The %mord acts" Caik designate here at
to the future. arcliivization produces as inuch as it rcaiRls the
-

UIY L' 1.1u.• 4:C. 1411.4:111 4.)I kV hat k kJ 1 X! rd I VC4.1 andt1i& :If4 l live il SC I the
cycnt, This is a1s0 our Exlliticiil experience of tlic
-
543 • 4-•1111 C 1- 1 EICWS
archivable And thy archiving of the archive: the printed and the
LlIC(1111.
printing of impression. Whether it k a question of the private or
that, it7 dir pain, psychoanalysis would nor have been
public life of Freud. of his partners or of his inheritors, sometimes
what it was (any more than so many other things if E-mail, stir
also or his patienis„ of rise pt.r5i111.al or S.C1V15111L• CX(111:1111 gt'S., o 115.1.'
example, had existed. Arid in the /ware it will nci longer be what
,

I•I1erS, s kber:11111111S, Or [14 11. 1 1. 11:(1-111S1 111.1.1 1011a I AIN: IN1•13/1S, oldie prac-
I : Mid and Si) Many psychoanalysts have anticipated, itoni the 1110
iices Mill 1-1.311`5 111-Or CX:1111r1C, those oldie sip-called amil t i
rl)r cxall)ple, LxeaIILC 1•01)SS1111r.. Olic Could lincl
lL i • •

1,11E1St
situalion," 1.11c place' and Ills length of I lir sessions, associ;11.1011
clues other than F.-inail. As a post:11 technology, the example un •
3•t1Cll 15 •ree% oral, ill person, and in the presence. analyst,.
doubtedly merits mune privilege. First of all because of the major
vvidhout ill What Way hX.i Like Wl1. 1-1 1C c1l 1.16h
and exceptional role (exceptional in the 111..51.0ry Of SC1C11TifiC proj-
-
1

field IFCCI1 determined by a state oldie tediriology of COnlillthitiLa

cts) played at the center of die psychoanalytic archive by a hand-
11015 allki 011C can fircani or spei•ulair 1.1soi.it the ;Usti
written cortept3.1LCIC111T- WC 1.341VC: yet to
gro technological shocks which would have ma(le the landscapr
proCcyling this itlililcnsr corpus, in part unpublished, in part secret,
cif the pc•clinanabitie archive unrecogniTable Icrr thy past century
and perhaps in part radically ;Ind irreversibly dc stroycd—for ex- .

11„ to limit myself to thest. indications, Freud, Ills coniernporaries,

:
ar „ p i, b y Freu d himself , Who knowsP One must consider the
-

collaborators and immediate disciples, instead of writing

historical and nonaccidental reasons which have tied such an insti-
[ir letters by 11.1E10, 111114.1 11041 4114:Cq'SS i NIC[ Lir AT& r - - telephonic
tution, in its theoretical and practical dimensions, to postal CE ill-
redir Lards, portable tApe recordcts, cumputers, printers, fnxes,
municatiun and to ibis particular form cir mail, to ils 51,1hsttatcS, 110
iclevisions„ tel••otift•r4..iiees, : u alxvor all
its iivcragr sliced: a handwritten letter r.a...es IlLalky days to arrive
I would have liked to devote my whole lecture TO this retrospec-
in another F.uropean city , ;1 Lill nothing is ever independent of this
tive science Iii ti1111_ I would have liked to imagine you the
delay. Everything remains on its scale.
scene of dim oilier archive after [lie earthquake and after the
But the exai»ple o• E-mail is privileged in roy opinion for a
COripS i )1 its altcrshirit ks. This is indeed wherc 3h a inc. A-s
Inc_we In IpOrtant alL(I obvious reasrin: bucatise dcetrollifC today,
- " -

acil not aLle to do 1311 ZlCI:OLUlt CPI d1C St1I1 archaic oiganii.atioti
cven more than the fax, is on the. Way to IA andmining the entire
-

o• our colltxpiia, of illy time arid the SpaCe kith' disposal, I will
public arid pi ivate space of humanity, and first of all the limit be
iititit ruysell to a mechanical remark: this archival earthquake
twrcii an: private, ihe secret (private or public), and public or
MA have its effects 1.43 the wondary recording, to the the phenomenal. It is not c ci y a technique, in the ordinary and
printing and 11) the conservation of the history of psychoanalysis_
limited sense cif the tcrrii: at an unprecedented rhythm, in (pas.)
would have TranAiornied this history iron, top 10 hotinin th•
iiistantane4MIS truinciltal pussibility of production,
1110S1 inside of its production, in its very rt./mfr. This is an- must
DI IS1 1ntillg, oicult5ur v:11 ion, and k1f dest rue t ion uithr archive-
other way of _4:lying that the archive, as printing , writing, prosthe- .
i n cieltably be a c companied by juridical and illus polincal transfor-
sis, or hypoinnesic technique in general is not only the place for
mations. Then:. affect nothing less than property rights, publish-
stocking and ior conserving an archival& content (.../rhe pair which
ing and repRisiuctiori rights.. In r-egarcl tu and in keeping with the
 dimension of these LorrisrurinatIons un<kr way, 6c-sc. radical and chic rceordirig and memorization apparatus, dE.Is not only inte-
killermiALibk tui irvr must tukc s1ot-.1( ind.av of 1.11.e thc r.x.11iceph. of psycliuunalysis, lxuni, the c5ketel.re_r 4

Is 4.1.thrlintic dic lic.chivc . of Freinclinn stud Ci)111 1L1 1 10 tilLU al le:, of L w 3.4ehipsychulogy, by N....41y of tlir TrotrYmicr4 •
iT1111[1g rilr manuscripts of 12 1'CW' ;1[1(1 OF his 11.111 1111;11krn, th.e frong, in Ivdrii<liLlikr :111 thosc which ecHicr.rii fiar exarillrlIr r(TFETN*1.410,

11S111.- d :I lid correspor.H.Ic ❑ctLilie public:36.0ns or Cc. celiscushir. recording (Ninder.Erhriii) EI1 tile two systcms (Ucs alit]

publicaiionS, 1 kV. dr:ifrs and the sketchcs, t1Lr accniriEA thc- I'c.). 1111C Th [CC 170111 t Of Vievi (LeTic, ay Da ni ic„ anel cCi)lioritic). 'Lik-
iitacccssiblc, [112 notormus filierings or the Laprkuy ut . Congr<n... ea% ing into account air HYL.111i151.killy Of legions in dlie appara.•
Tht- 5c cla1sw:11 am! extrlordiiiary 1.vorks tuovc Emin mi. at ius., 1.104 intr.gratt:). [ht nce.r5Sity, jG1 iIrEc thy P rydir -

1pt- u1.1, in .I. Q Sarli tnti,ill orreleraT•rl 1.•&11.14)111. 1.11ICy 11.1.3F OSA' Mk) c)1 ;1 Cell:Lin raIL1.ialr,
. Cc] lic_oftler 111.0tWeCE1 insidrs And nut
a1 1 1)21.54 ;II di!,I;Ilicc anon!: onci more (orrilvirnIFIC ED that which Awl with clii5 elorPecmie ogorside. thrit is to sal; also
separaccs Lis From itrchaeological digs (chat bizarre :1.4.-tivii3- hypothesis of o.ri Plteffle21 SILkil I ate, SUffaCe. or space withokii which
abuut by [be Juthor of Gradiva, to which we will 1 niErning rhere is neither coli......tgliaLiou r registration, impr<s5ton 31.01. St311DIC5-'

5[11-Iftl.y), i.10135 bL1)11.1.:;111 phikiVgy, 111.)J1L LiL11.111..1(1.{1.11:i a1f ihC Ei1111C. Si.LID, (CD .1..11'511i1.5, rtinesMoli, II prepares tilt' id ca 01;11 pSyCliC
from I 14) 1.Zi)1,enwcI Li, or Cu B.Libcr, or
. 17{3.13k t he establishing iii froth ineinury, 14.1,120191.W7S.ri fl (11111

cli• hypInnill.C'SLC Vir itings of .AriNlodc by ers-edieval. copy- miric=117- in WO ed1911.1711JFSir: tile insTigionon, in surn, PH.PS.e.11.1•.4.%

[ !s. This is ancillwr way to say that it takus ;:rwRy from the claw WI- have said LI iusl imirion'' (one colilds;iy "trtCti0E1") sCo
admiral& From the indtsputable necessit y , al3CI 11 •10131 as to rnArk, right em In the originary ihr5bol1.i oi this prosthesis. 1
I ILCulhicSIALIIL ür I hic clasmical philology which ism) [Midi rupture. whic.11 is 'pls.( as originary with imture. The theory of p.sy-
littn C [11;311 0610100', it'll 111 1. .5 5.11101.111.1.3 154.344:14,SC Li.) (LC LI11- cboorialvsis, (EKE] hecoincs a 1.h.e0f). Ube zi[ChIvr and not u.nly A
1■033 1. .1WEi uniirr io.'ay, Liti rirchivil It Sh011.11{1:1.1)0 1 1C. ilwory• of ruciriory. This. du.cs noi thc ekCr11.11W'

all t[1:3l" thC Acchivni technology 710 longrr cletcr • in r4'131:Li11111'r Ewirtcrigenoutis as I tried r.r show in " Freud and
ininni, will ncvcc have determined, merely the tylx FIT1Tnr of the con- -
the Scene of Wriligir: 811 ntap3nist ic trnditional mu( if contin-
sci vaiiona[ recording, but rather (11C %Try arCinv- ues in this disci.iiir.se r{.1 Oppose a inetaphy5icli lo the. rigorous con-
able uve:Eit. ft coiLdiLions not only the iorm 471 ihc structure' Iliat sequence or iiLi5 ptosthetiCS, that i5, lop:: or hyiMainnuSiS.
prints, tho pritItct.1 ul Clic priming: ti[! prmrstizr thr Thr 1.314_54[CI of 1.11]s 1r1 lrlar MyfriC pad at:i..D inCorpk.natch
- "

p•intilyg, thr ionpre5Jiot diVIVI131L [11:1 1,Verl1 prinierl And way sucm.,in the Furrni 01;1 drive, to contradic142yen the
prinrrr. Thi5 archival technkint. has c.-.E3,11111.,:ni(lc:11 dim 4VhiCh 4:rin5ervation driwy, whAr vr'e ln-re ihe arehive dri ve. i5
111 Nst even I ristiRIced and constitnicd. whattvcr slier wa5 as what I called t Aker, and in view of a1L£ inrernal contradiction,
awicipdrion cif 1 IV' archrzT fel:?r. There Would indeed lay Ili) archive desire Ivithour tilt!
And [gagrcireJ, arelwec has also, ays bccui a pitlike . . wirilum. the of a Ifu1gC1[41111.C$s N.vhich

ik41 111tc cvcry [gage', II EtOkrrl COI (ht . irltlurc. 'In put It ]Liurc Ctut•S 110! hinit iastll it s ;31.1, :Hid chic is the Ii ixii
1 ....Am! is tin Icrnil c•r :1 rchi vect in The. (arm.. N.N41y
.
. no longri- serious, bcyontl Sir this simple Unlit c;d1cti finirt-pc.ss or imi-
livcd ill the same. way. Archivable 111C2fiing, k also and i11 at3V;111•r tudv, thwrt: is no arChivt withcAll ihe threat cf t his dco.dh.drive,
the structure that arcllives, ] with the this aggression and destructivii drive_ This threat is in:ix- rule, it
hum swccp$ away 41it luy,1C Of finitude a ]1.{1 111E: plc lad. URI. 11[1)03, 1 lie

\", L. him!! 51.17,pcildcd roy tlic (11101L1CIll. I -rt 11. % 1 0,111:1S4X1hICI)L.L1 Inighi 1.i , the
A.1.15111.11V Ft-111,1.1'k, Arid 111k 1S t11C. Cr1111.1:111 i:LPJ (1.1C ;II 1.11E1005 cimisi-rvai Tril nithcr say dial it abil..1pcS th4:111, 1,1r111
Fl 1
ing: this L'erlysric t hii s {'.Yee 0119r,
- thus archival, nriodel i if ellup.ry- alaukc !he E ca 1 tlinriension of the problrrn.
There! IA nkst one ;Ltdnye fever, one limit ur tine Suffering of
memory amon g others: culistinF the in-finite, archive fever verges
4 )II radicril
IL
Let us encrust a second citation into the cxergue_ Less typographi-
1.:tl diaik 1.114- Jlcxt,al?.. s_ii4.1„ it nonetheless still MalEltaLlYS reles
VIICCIi, dir nip.JIC 1)1,1 0 1141 10 rrpctition, indrycl 1 1 1 printing ill . .
thc t yr.„wf sort. Re4.-iirrent rind iterable, it ra rrir4. literal singularity
into lig urril ity, Again inscribing illWripLL013, it commemorates in its
way, •i•e•ilycly, a circumcision_ A ...•cry Singillar niatitlincnt, it is
aLso dociimcni Of All .lirchliwc:. In ;3 JCLICTLILI:d 3L ICL.L44.s
the trace or an incision right or; the skin: mopc dial] one skin, at
more thrill oric 1111.- letter 4)r by figure. The foliaceous. strati-
fication, the pellicular superinniKisition ilies-e cutaneou.s marks
seems to def .) . analysis, lt aecurinilatts so many sedimented ar•
chives, sullie arc wi !WM fight LAY L1142 Cp.idcrn3LS Uf al bud)
. ica tic sp,..aks 01 a "Lww skin, - as the' English. translation or the
pr4)114:r. otlici..5 on 1hr SUE1S1 Late Of an "c xtc r lor " body. layer
licre he•ms 1,, slightly, as the a WCHWICI, 1 1 CTIEVIELL. 13 k; .
allIpSCS Of the abyssal rossibility of another depth chls.tiiricNi for
archaeological excavation,
It has., in appearanCe.„ primarily to (14) with a prware rnsdripi.ron.
This is lilt 611C cif first problem cum (ming the (joestion ut its
. impression on inc. My recruit cfnctivery of it gaVc Mr much to think
b•loriging tit archive: wlhirlt archive:" ihat of SIgIt1111141 Fruit]?
that or the psychoanalytic institution fu science? WEirrc dons out
cir;lw the limit? What this new science of which the instituiional
i5
and theoretical archive ought by rights to coniiiiist 1:hd 11.11.114
(104LICL1 4.:11LS,Sulitc:tillic$ rtt? with tELLISC ul 3Ls pa:
sLII]LCd Ii_ t]I7tic r, its I irr, its patriarch, Frcud? J ❑liked, _T Lli
Art111•11:11ri 4 itch„ Signiund's lather, ja.kob? This bring., its 1r1 rhr
•hich is always open, of what die title L'Fretirl's house -
means, the I ;rend M1tS4-13111 as a H 01.11e of Frcud, - the arikheion of
which we are tlit. guests., fly which wt spcak,fiorn which we speak.
Spe.3k, I /night also say: ,iddresSitig it. Thu af Chi% e
. 4..11
rtlr i.inglilar private inscription I will speak of has been in the
clornain rim' several years_ One can havc. access io it 113 several
languages, beginning with its original in Hebrew. Public, and
offered for inwrptetation, this dotunient is lLniceforth accom-
pained, indissodably, by An C:sti'LlOrtliilary exegetical or her cur nett.
tic a vpa rat ILS.
Tt is an inscription in the form 4_)f a dedication. It wac Writicri 1i
.
the hand of . Jakob, son of R. Shclomob Freud, the arch-patriarch,
the grandf3ther of vsychuartaly5i5, a I1c1 address-cd ttt hiS gun, S] Sc
1u111011 Sigmund Freud, on the day ofleis tilirly-filth birthday, in
It'll:in lap din: sixth or 1i.11;iy, 1891 (29 P..:isan 5( 1).
-
A gift 4 41irtied this insvription. What the father gives to the 5.41n is
.
at mire a writing and its substrate_ The substrate, in a sense, was
the Bible itsCII, I. "Book or EN)': Eks, - a PhilippsollA Bible Sigmund
had studied in Ins youth. I h1/4 lather 111mi...diet having
inatit: present 4A it to hiin.; Etc restiliitcs it as a gift, with Lit."01.•
-
Icath•r 11.iudi71g. To 'bind anew: Lhis is an act ur love. (}f paiernal
love_ IL is no less important than the text in Trielitzah, those biblical,
liturgical, or rahhinical fragments which compose the long dedi-
cation aJ)J carry in turn the thoughts of the father, On this sub-
lelmcw says.
Like some 0.1 you, I si.ipposr, I discovered die treasure (If this
archive, illuminated by a new translation and by an original inter-
pretation, in Yos41 Hayirri Yerushalmils handsome book Freurfs
Moses: Judaism 'croup:able and interrninkibic. 'i'his bock:ft a strung
nhoni, inure than i could say here, and it has :iccornpani4.:4.1
preparation or this lecture, So this lecture will naturally be dedi
eate.c.1, if he will allow it, to Yowl Hayim. Yerashalmi, 1 For a reason
anat will perhaps bccoine t:kar later, I will dare to dedicate it At the
saiiic tittle to m..; son5—and c'ecul LO the 131C1CLory Of 13104' rather, who
l vas 3k41 Called,. ;15 1.5 'Lkitse lf, I [41Yilrir
i
!lyre is the art hived dedication that the grandfather or the arch-
pat.riA rch 4)1 hoana 11; sn kob Frctid, insc ribed iin the I i bk. hr.
gave, but tll truth returned, .forki neure 1 lintier new - as
say in French, for Ins son, that is, to thc 01 [lac patriarch
psycilOallalusi.s.. CRCS it with drill Italic alga- t, as a caup
-
%Vac 141 hayr lir en at this
2. YI•f MAI:11116, Vc114i in II11S ei tar rrFLL {,
lecli,nc_ AS he was !..i•k, he could riot prrserit„ and hip i1wn contribu non was
lead by soineckne elm: the next day.
 thelitre-it the c - ii u• hip bouk, jost bc[o . re the Hiller drionitti<
(lc-dining a few words, and then I will abandon this exergue, to
effect of ;In Fictiun_ I [IC 4: X (C. 4114A 11 "1\ 1C141 f) g 1.1-0 wii h T wild reLLIFIL
Freud," in ‘vhieli I will ret LI in .it length. I k sees in fink dediration
ticial episode:. and he speaks of 'Mr one. 4`artoniC;11 text of' Sun who is dear to me, Sheloinoh. In the seventh iri die da P of .

lakub Freud at [FLIT disposal" POI. yeAis Of your Life the Spirit or the Lord began tu itiowc you
SC} thiS iS 11111 01%1 any archive and :lust any moment in rise and spoke within you,: Go,, read my Book that f have wl'ittrn and
cif the archive. bc.yond this c_"xcrgiw, tivc will sic hum/ Y4:11.1 there vuill burst fur tcarl the willspring5 of understanding.
int-wrW. Iii: character, lo his eyes 13 roix!r ly dic knowledge, and wisdom, Behold, it is the Book ur Books, hr4)in
discovery.. of the reading. and of LIR! est:31)11A orient uf this "crucial' which sages h v'c excavated and lawmakers lea] lied knowledge
archive or which he is in S413[1 Lilt first guardian, the first reader, LINA judgement_ A vision or Alinighiy did you Scc; you heard!

the lifSl.dixtur, the 1.1131 • le gititnatc 1

and strove ni do, and yoti soared on 111e wings n1 the Spirit,
I n the hodv of Lim ri[pLiun, we must 1.r.:;WL 111111cflinc: 41111 111 .
Since then the book has been mord like the fragments of the
w•orcl% poiril, tric]red, IrFwaril tilt And thC riaditinn tablets in an ark rtfirth nix', For the day, on which your years wtEtr
of ihe law ilawmakers"), that is to s.ay, towArci fh2T archontic di. -
11 led to fivr and thirty I haws put upon it a er)ver of ncetAin and
men cion which 0114.! CI-Mid not have archives. but also, more hakic called it: "Spring tip, (...) well, sing ye unto its" And I have
directly, tow.' rd the logic and the semantics of . the archive,. ()I prewi ii Cl.1 I L tot you. ;is a memoriaiand t.rJ ar frAlindel [a 1 31IC3 11.0111a!

nicnior v ;1111.1. Or 1.114 4OLL5Cr•41160ii anti C11 . instr iption and .1 rerniitdci, the one ;Mid the other ;it OnCe, the one in the
‘vhich pin into reserve ("more"), capitolize, 510a, ocher, and we have. perlivq, in the eamouly of the .sc /ti' o words
1.1 111.1%i-iinlinity of
. laycr%., Iii :I rd .' iv al strala I hat 37".r.1 at once MAXI irk). t h e o l c o r a v:11 iva 'Ma rwn Duremc•,. yPotnnermil 1-3 Flovc

ivised, overprinted, and envelnpecl in •adL other. To read, in this from your pithier, who love ylOILL with everlasting love_
case. requires working at geological or arclia•ulogital ex.cavatiuns. jakob sun of FL .Slicluitioh Freid 'sic!
mihstrates ur under surfaces, old or new s kins, the 1 Iac!LuiLCs..] L Ili (Li• cApital city Vit'1lE1.1 2J N irsa n C' May [11;i')1 1711
and livroinnesic cpidcrinisn bckiks penises--anil the very
first sentence rcualk, it lc,r)t lav lignre„ c the circumcisirin of the 14 1- .
Ar•11-:.0 the' book %vas ustorttl" reirA the. arch-patriarch 01
cher of psyelioanalyr,is, in the seventh in clays of [hr. (1.1 psychoanalysis. It was stored there in the Ark cif. the COVellarla
your life." I will cite the transktion given byl'i'vriinhalmi while un- th.s tike in Latin, is lhe CliCSI, Il,t "ark of
(J u1._ 10V,1 — 5 1- -Arca,i
0 /400," whidt c:4..1.1illai ❑ s the StOile - Iliblcls; but arca is also th•
1 1

cuil.board, rise coffin, chi.' cell, nr tillr• CLSECE n, the reservoir. 4

1. I (if j lc I 1 4.1401.1111 malLr Ihi% v111'14111 on ("al Ifia4t 1))• tigure")21irr
1 11c-1 .01y talk
. WIEh le rushalini. •tio.sev.t:rill. morals lat e r in Nvx
▪ 5 4' 13- 111: 4 .1 el lc iLgaLLih t 1-cakild)1! 5.1:151.1 II I heYILI IL} ILICISCif ti I LEE Lrii-cra? .1. The #1k %Lir, avith tILt rallwr of t I Lc latlici I L I Laly51% Stay with

.w.01,00 I 2 r lit Mir Film" CM I.}f .4 4 11(4 - 43144CiA4 1 )11. I Vre it d4 l lr• du•% :ma I or_ jnitycl, 11 Mows. ti •nti then, to their tents 15: tO • 11 1. Shyrtly
• more clearly Jura re of it to...144ii tli iruI rt) bun. i
T iiS 3s yet an tither reason after the !lei- of the Ark of the Covenant I1 LLees thf order to. circurnerw
Ior illy w.al1iii41r. A.N it 5 crins •uditcm. tILU.I Ellis ilrd ECLI - !lir tut c&I( In of E [ 161.
lion in rirrhigeJ1.1 gall1Crs 011 iE5 uEili ;MEL MAC!. ;LII 11%. 1114 11111:1 (1W11.114 14 illy,
(k1.1t rill t11{•L k inn) clin.,ergr 'rowan! the muinent ("fa covrnanr, in rriull

oi a renewed covenant, i5 It 33141.5rupe1 EU !CACI heir J1t hy

tat I Lc csui 1, s.if ci It IA IC 111411k Elli r gure of II I Lt Cu.% < :Lrit,
it s typin74' 11. o rrbcnt. in Ibc iyix c.if an incisive inscripiiim, in
- , . .6.7rue ter, ;41 one
LriallgIllral 14171. rt4:111 rrent, Ilt44'ed..1
 Pr cam b le

1 undoubtedly owe you at the beginning of this preamble, a first

explication concerning the word if-airless:4)o, risks, in my
title s lwing sonic:what tiiigmatic I became aware of this alter -
1. when Elisabeth ItolliClifiCSeli asked me on the telephone for
a provisional tiilc, so as indeed In send thin program of phis coarer
ence to press. almost a year before inscribing and printing on my
computer the first word of what I am s.nying to you here, the It-
. .iponse 1 then improvised ended up in effect imposing the MALI
,

impr•ssion_
as if' three meanings Enid condensed
And ill ;Al iJI1Statit, it 5.vzis
themselves and overprinted each other from the back of my mem-
ory_ Which were they?
Without waiting, [ have spoken to you of my computer, of the
Mule portable :.'yfacintosh on which I bare begun to write For it
has not -only l►ccit the first 5.1.11.11lratC to Suppofr all of EILCSC
On a beautiful nitnning in CaliFornia a few weeks ago, 1 asked
myself ;:i certain idtie5tion, among so many others_ Wii limit being
able w find a response, titi hLlc- rending on the one hand Freud, on
the other Yet ushalmi, and while tinkling away on my computer. 1
imsell wind. is the 1/10EL1C13t proper to We archive, if there is
such a thing, We 'WWII.' of ardiivization strictly speaking,, which
is. not, mid I will ci.inie back to this, so-called live or spriarlanen.us
memory (mnirne anawin,eszs), but rather a certain ilyix }rn nesic and
-

'prosthetic experience of the tech.nical strtimrate. Was it not at this

very instant that, haviiig written honlething ur othcr on the scrorn. stance, without 1411;)ectile? And if it were iforsof.sible, whot lhe
th e letters ircinaining as it stnisended and IlIcutilq.; :k
. ict it 1.13C St Victory 431 Sillkir atl.:!,2 What Of the future the substrate in its re •

°IA liquid elk-inent, I }milled. a certain kcy io "yave" iindarn- lationship Hi the history or psyeknanalySis? From the Skrich.c.r u 11 to
olge,l, in a hard .111(1 way, to proieci rrm rlis from being 134-yond. to the Mystic Pad and beyond, there is no limit to this prub-
erased. so as rri emu, e in this waY salvation and ,inderpiniry, to stuck, lerna.tiC of the impr•lson, that IS, of the inscription, which leaves a

to accumulate, and, in what iS at .orixv the sane Oiling and Some- 113.11 k riglii rrrl i he. sUbsi rate. This then heconies a place of eurisig
-

thing to iitukc the SCIII.C1101: available in this way fur printing 11;1(3011, frt " ItISCY1[1110.11 " or Of " rcc:43tElliflg: .35
- the Mempsychotogy
,,1k(1 fo r reprinting_ lor r•prodUi DoeS it change anything that frequently says r Nirderhismeng (der Niederfchriff. •
Freud did. not know abinii the ounpilica Anil 1,viicie should the "location or regictration - ) when it recalls, for example in The Uri -
moment of suppression or of repression he SiluAtecl in these fieve cons-cious, at least three things:

nick ids or recording and impression, oT printing? a. the top_ologitrul hyputhesis or seneral psyc:hological Systems

This €ciailensatiorh of three Ineiinifigs d thc word - impressiuli" C I L WI) IlireC")-- thus PCI-111its Line the 1..66114lion

was only al& Cu imprint itself in Ric in at single siri Air!, alipar• betweco memory and archive—explains psychoanalysis was
curly in an instant of no doralion„ifter Much IN-ork, CliSfffilLilikl- s.p.i,ken of, rind in part incorrectly, as a "depill-psychulogy" or an
Cidus ihough it May have been, with Fretid'S texts, With certain of -abyc.411 r.cy,-..heyfrigy" Tiefenpychi9/ogicrl. ISE 14 : 173
with theme$, with figures, with conceptual
1.6%, writings, bin also h_ this topic has nothing to do, for the inoinent, at this trine, "for
schemes that are familiar ro nae to the point or obsession and yet the plerSelli " (1.3Llilirlirped i; I CLUJ.), with an anatomical point of
remain no less secret, young,. and sill1 to come 1{31 JELC: WI 11.113g, 111C view MI Cc By stressing in italics yor the present"

1raCC s 11154.:TIpLL011, c.1.11 ..111 CX1CI MilliStra(C Or WI 113C NU•1:311CLI body (porAig4fig),. Freud ricarly wants to Ilcivr morn for what the future
properp als 1 01 CX;41-11111C.
. this 1 4. 11CIL 111 1,11 ;Thy XIL El li[PIC [ fir Erie, that-
- of science Tnay !each us about this;
singular anti immemorial archive callr.I Cirrunicryirpt. and which, c, lastly. these hypotheses are nothing other, and nothing wore
the,iigh never leaving you, nonictiteless has come about, and 15. no than., .intuitivc ivreselitations illerawcAllitirchiargen), 'graphic. il-

1E-ss exterio r, exterior right On your bodY Propel. 111.1Stratil.th:i" akcor(hiig to ihc English trmiskition. ThcY QUI 0 '
So what ate these ihrce Inca,. imp 1,0114:11, 1.15 a single instain, •on- 61: CIO 13101 . 0 Ilkan graphic illustrations" [Sir.:: 1.1 ; [75 1 .

deusedl themselves arid overprinted each other, is lo say over- This problematic fir irnpreSC,ion is discouraging for those who
dim:m ined copal, .oiher, in 'the v...-ord "impression - and 1]1e^ phrast: might wish to find in it a privileged entrance. Because it becomes
"Frendian impression"? And above all. of course, in their relation- contused with the whole corpus of Frcu t rs works, whether it has
hip to that re-producible, iterable, and conservative. production of L. 4-) 6_1 With (01.1(51.11VC 01 LlidLY14_111.1La 1t1C11101 11, 5.5'101. censorship. or re-

memory, t' that objectiv liable storage k:alled the art:ink:42 pression, will!' dvital n lc, with tc.piiii7, 01. with, economy, eyed, i he lics
car l'cs sysicrliti, With pC1 1..C1 1 11011., With 11111rSiC 11":1(e.

I. TELC inipiession is scriperoiri or ripergraphii..: tkit It is L1E1-LIC11.1131C.111! .1.1 be.CalLISC E hncl :ilready privileged it, .1.1)

(Nrer len 44;14A

- his works) which
si.lys Freud thrrnighout other texts, Linn this typographic figitre ur the press, of printing,
'coves innik at surface or in the thickness of a substrate. And Lkr of the 11111.31 1 nt imposed
. SC) tjuickly on me over the
with ilie word "impression." This word capitali.e.L.N 1311
in any rase, direcilv -or indirectly, this concept—oi Eathcr this
tor of the substrate—marks the proverlyfimciamenr41 1 assignation. (141.1.161C advantage., ;ihci.vr all III .1 country of English. speak ing CL11
of u.iir Ubb-111, the pi Akin of the 11,1[11.1:11111.31t.41- C:1131 one imagine TUN'. II1 111C first 131;1(C, it nc.:irvakciis the code of English einpiricisrn:
an .archive without foundation, witlunii ,without sob- I h C:OrPC.C.111 of sensible impression and of copy play a rrinjor role:
- -
 -aau 1011111'011 J! IJJAD, L uo155,31(Idns,,,puu Jloissantai, Jo 5od1J'3gat11 LJO Jormi
!inlet 4.3s11- hi1 4 11jr14. 0;IL11 Jci 1.3011FEExidlic. -0341 ju put: ..)..)111135
u.(ILLvincu 51111 11110 51.5)J
LH' "KI:111(03 ..1:13.1,3 cant) Cr '310511 LII .49e.11Aacr! isnui j. 9.19:1111
i 9 JO WA:min 1p.11ssula JIL1) 'S.L13011:11 itrIPIM
1d)(3433 LI5E:Iti gLIIplon.i. li, nr.L13 OU .)_11111-1) 3411
1L)L11 [um: 5A1r . innixr 11atII 1[14 0.1c131
. - • 11 1.Ji1 , 111 7Ki 01 11(t3110 SS -1
1 0 1.1 117 7/111 lir-rar:1-AOIII oltrl if Jsoul
xi -1,3P API] CAI 4n. L S E541 1.11SnI)ASd In suriii))S19 FIN
▪ 321prikuoi ,-)Ju suilud .0 JO -40.10[3311p13-111.1( 3 ) .. '5 1. 1 0[ •111 .1 1 ;,E 1311E;L1 Cpl UL14 41 X1 1110 sup 1E93 Xes p111413
;NI Br .311")11t1L111 L.11)14ey.imitizoie Jo stiontimoi Jsmweli I 14 .111 ! l'Sra 1 -
11.1.)1C:1S1.103 -ips 11r y..1 1.1...0.%). 11.1 ':-1 1 1 1 :3 1Atolkl
D7 :11,)1110J110; DA) 0.-inc) L svi.un J1.11r% - [k lr 111f[ '0A1 111:1 11 .!. 11.11 lop i3 1 1 11:1 1 v;01. 1 sq
.
wr JO 11.1r pl)uril 11111x,1301 E.C.liinu,"0 :5E1 111. 1.1.
.41IP an:►J115:01) .Cl/E! a4I 100.1ID -tuanuvi inntp[m .1mip L aluu.‘,31.3I AUL'. vrt1 nn13.N111C141- EIEIE 11 4! ,.,111 0 11CCalCIIII1E.. pill'
-

gpeap ! put: DId0 .1 1. 1U111033E O1<u1 aql 30 A.10:mi1 ht,)u

-0J„ LI 33.5413 i1 4 8r0,0)1 i.fp.r.414 - 1 EPu'r Aroaterupr2.. -1 tEmminq
.

5D5(.3{3034.1 sruilvireolip.tiscl `smolio4 1] tozmliaNi tioli.)uosm still Jo oval S11..14111►INLII

puu
Ju0nu71...tiLIDJ FI JL) 3.111)_)11Jrs. J.1.11 tplA duisucoprpJ
LE1SIA:1111).1r. ItIaISSep ,31L11 pIEWLIS `13 ?.1.410 J!.:111 Li1 su ipm. 51. suoi
s;14v&.)uri.D)trioicri) 9:1111. [11.]V [3.3)1111:1kITI
- u,13(1 Ii.a91 LAtitlei,114)1.unisn1 JI.)111I 1 (II 4 VACIOILLIalsu4la Elf 'a.101.1
4 1'031 01Al1} `3111 01 itilino 11 inv..% 03 ah■lullikl Ji1•rI1'.ITFINI1 1 Su 1711 [ 3 -1 vAVAIINT lirc) C1 I[
Win f01 31L1 1Ir 01.1 14)(r am sum rOrlb 51143Jaur1111.3
-

173un..ini Stung 10 SR:13.0.11 -1 .P 11[1 U1 34.1:.)01.110 a 93 119M .1 1 1 1 SEDE)K17-E

. -
Jd914 0 1111? .LIE
-

•TJOS53 UJE J c11 :s.psn1p 3Lp auo 51'5111111 uo spind7p .1E113-11! -cap [XIV pn• -s5D.r(Idils I.T1C1 Snr3pS1130)11T1 D1.1] 1.11 lid!-■5:-.)Jcla..1 Dci Lla.Pll
uapF ?k[l 'PA-1.lq I Se 4J1 ptle .1_111.11. If LlaILS: s1. JJJL11 JI `?1 , 10T11j s13Diju
'iv.) imp `.%rt 01 si qapqm J.0.13rJ JO -- 57101135
JO 1-6)11071. Al IA at1 '1d33UO3 .31{L JO a1n119 AJDA )91 pUr
39) [Mr NELLJIASUra) • 1.01EE0),-0S..
•glad 1.11 31 01 /I Jain:ELIO) 1 4 .1131111 OW11Ra TA% [ ST l il..111111.10:1 311] 1)1 sir.) imJJ.../ El)aui (21/h104". 0 I1.11.0.0/2.1 ?) ‘11111001 ti1R Ill
inq 'tus!![Nriumil y❑ loll vinui T In) 43131-0111/011i I I
101.11! 1.1.1)11Pial.101 sruyosucrinn 9319/11 VtrinArrfroill)
- 31131.13ifgris pur paL1lii9 ssalmirppi PLO It-Louopcols 7,1.1 umsry,DicTai ..- 1 1 1 (I n -Em ir ..A [ 1 rll 111:1.1V;s ju0 tuns! '(//iJri. , L01dg,v)
rax 'Rrolssaidlul 5191 uoilou `trop,:s;)111 Iy11 511111 _izp!suoD 1011 01.1 uouvillsurp) TO ›tii uo jo s311331541ns Al) Jo 11OL3
J 'op 04 pitiL1,1;n J pinom Ja1iLIOS:0111.14I r
- E!..14)1 .)91 uo sunlit pur. S;o3U.D.3ipip ..1LL.101 Dill 110 Linnol .(:)11.13.
..111u9.1)111! Jul anuti-In nr Jo JLJ - tt1111,141..n r jo •.}.101311Jis J91 1,1Ja1U(1) AIL:OJT . 6 11 . ;1 -1.344 1 P-Art
. 21j r Jo .-bic-r-lcun alp 93?rini 91 1L1DIS1S111
rogr air VikuLpir I smrurni.)s in 10 11 1.11)1-19J 10 ' 1.1 41 11 1 1
. .

trr 4 uoiscair11[11 4:111170 -14.11:11.14):0 10(1 0 I aeles 'FF071 rA plum] 11111 3J r Mill)r,Y17.fp.L.M0,1 PM!
irlin.null
[

111T/ii .110.1 pule p.10,...;1r 1.1.11-YL plepossu 13inssa 1.1.71D,vi.]:›q frillidA0110-3 SIT y..115.731111 . 11.1:[ .

HE ilioyou e 4100 si 1/090,11 pns JO timlirmillialapul

i` LJ4a15i3J11L15 F , ;(1 . .PICP11.1i11110,-1
3141 L 1ioI3ID3J 4.1111E i.3:40 J9.1 JO S.S.DU.)111X1r.4 3.1.111
- U7 ui paluriLMil UJ 190 1Y.E 1 E1I -

•iii,_)1/69 341 at[i -p1n,15 it TIAN 133111!1751)5S• EMMEN:J.1d

Li30,X1 1.1 ill r 11.1c0M JL11 %r sr 'Linma 14 ..,

-1.111 JO 5•1.1-3. i 'IEE-0HCD.1C1 111E1 trr Aril° 'id:olio:1 oir 1.11 Apr ci 31719 rinAN
aup cF1 paw! 1 11[.70.1D11
.)Atet.1 Ji0ippt,4 pnea aq ul 5?"375DI1 li1.1ri1211W15.i pnr 4 0.1014:c3 [dun cn :. S.)SS.).11dn1 sAr sti 11.Fehrraurup.i.,7 1 dip) ,

1uJO9 0) pa.*Eur.un 1.:111,/.1:1 4 -)m4p.re 1LlEll.1.).31..10) 1 110 14A

„110155.1(11[11,, S e JLjI 01 sur)p(i leap plom, a `111 ,,ELJILNIS•
1141 .,n - uopedplitikt Lie li,aj atl L.IE1.11.31110$
131 5L u! 4to  arrp_ip.i.x..1 10 sUOIIVISLIri L 0.'n.l .191
.

3111E111 1111L0111 Oh 3:11.11 -cm)

11LAN. 24J14.11519 EJ1 1atIL11111 E11.11 IMF' EEL splin.1.13.11 ,1.34?1SJJCIU.31„ .

-1.410 pur A..1u5s,.113:A.1 Apirrpniun ssai suLlars isinor ogr I! :1/411 4ICD
1).1chit it1 `,$)171d 10[10.135 til c'31;1113Jr JO ;_114 Aprairr. cinic
p3 OM 1.p jo .4:11 sur:prio .4Ro1r.Dura:1 pip LII
-sa.31.1U3L try 30 Ado;)X711 hill qi pEir.
cssanl• lac !reduced to these_ This double picsuppusition leaves an that it is poss]l1lE. 1lOt in like this into account, forgetting it, effacing

imp int. IT inscribes an iniptcitin in language and in 4liscoursc. it crossing it out, or °bleed ng to it. one h2s already confirmed% we

Thr unknowably weight dud imprints it..44 1 r thus clots not weigh
.
could even say cokintersigned (thus archived), "repression" or a

only :IS a ocg-ativc 4:lunge. It invoivcs thc. history of the cx.►nrmilt., it

-
inflects archive dtsirt ar fever, their opening on the knurt, their
depen ticncy with respect TO what will come, in short, all [h al tics
"supprcssion: This, then, is i,icrliaps what I heard without hearing,
what I UlidurStisii..1 without tutdr rstanding, what I wanted ob-
scurely to overhear, allowing these words to dictate tip me over 'he

k no edge Lind. 1111:3111.U.ry the prounisc.

tel•rimill-, ill Freudian impression."
-

3, L'Fremliiin unincssinn" also has a child meaning, nrik s.s -

it is the first: the impression Icfi by Sigmund Freud, beginning

with the Impression kit in hutil, inv.:Jibed in hum, frarn Ills birth
and his covenant, Irom Ills circumcision, through al] the manifest
sr.crel history i.i1 psyclioanak.sis, or tilt- institntion anti of thc
works, by ....va• ()I tilt: and privAte rnrrcsporic•ilieu,

ink this letter Shelmnoll Frcid to Shdoinoh Sigmund

Freud in memory of the NigfliS or token5 of the covenant and to
accompany the new skin" of a Bible. I wish to speak of the
- 1171-

prC111011 /cf; by Freud, by tilt event which i„:arrics this family narnc,
.

th4.- Licari). rinfmgcttahle aim I incontestable,. iindeniiible if/Jive cram/ -

(e% en And akil.4.-;111 for those' who (icny it) that Signnind Freud will
have ?near on anyone...after him, who speaks of hint or speak♦
him, and v..hn riiiiST Then, accepting it or not,, knowing, it or not, be
thus marke4I: in his ur her cuiturc and disciplinc, whatclp cf it Linty .

be, in particular philosupliy, nicciii.:mc, psychiatry, aiml inure plu-

ciscly herr. hiccause. t•c: arc speaking of inurn4iry and of archivc, the
history of tcxts and of discourses, political history, legal history.
the history of ideas or of c1.11Wre. the history of religion and religion
.

the history of institutions and of scicilcc, ill parTiculai tint

history of 1.1115 institutional and scientific projvCk C.:31.142ti pSV4:1110 -

analyyi 5. :%;111 ❑ cntit311 /115.11Ory iliSIEJA:y,

, 431-11k
31
tor ilty. In any 001. discipline. 1.313C II Inger, oily Sly 1MM
-

kit' able tea, thus one no longer has the right or the means
to (him tr, Nricak of this without having ken marked in advance,
in one. way ur another,. by Om •icudian impressiuo. IT is ilintiOSSible
and illegiliiitate to do so without integra1C1.1, well Ur 'Willy,
.Ill important way !Sr not, rcctignizing it or di•nyiirg it,
/IN ' Ca 11 rt 1 I he Frelidian impirS5i0t0, 11 one is under the

- A■1■111Phing■Iii& 4•1•1■10•111.1111....
.P111 411.111UPIIY MU? MO) proils aq]. laces drsp.d
.)1I] 1.311.113 E IEVLI) .a3.003 pie S'e L1DTIL31 '311EUL131(111id 1.:M[101.3E

LIOIPL)2LII a Li o l.'D {19 r. S1 n 4 1as Lilo . ]1 uu Sa1011%,11[115 JEMII

LJI 11;17i] :}RIG :.11•11.1a1)1.111 L11 pa1fILL1DIl1! ji

IC.1{) maw 2(vu f(} .›E:p 1,TJ C1.1 1 1grrd
I 3‘1 ] ! 1.'i 111 r:° ' 411
L

:)II] 1)1E.V401 L.111.1.)-el 01 '.(11)-111t.L.111111: 112' IWag .DA1. 11:1113 )Lp JO uon
plo► puv .J2421.upt.1 1I L 11 4 3SU 30S J41.1435 Ui 'p3(3.3s
JLl1 pue o2leTpaq 1 .1.)sola 1 a3oLidnso_41 01 'ill '1.1 nil I LI ItgD
Li IE Ns. !ca}[ L's:1 ;molt] ecli 1'110'm A:41 In lib )1110 nni:1[ p )14
-7113 Sig] 1Y0 [ IPA,..) [ JI ld3.311413 lit 'pill

i!NVT&- Ei) MO le ..1.11114 1(40W_V >Ai. J .! 5Tir .411.1) p_remoil puirick

,)re quElpgrib LTh1111.1(EJli 3131.1) []L pile WJO.

[mum. E 01 Jl, I1IJJ.11

L CJI 1t.1.}3LJU) dUr F ju ik!)Lia.!u L 1 , Sk b r(..1111.31SlyillE.1) Dil 1 JI ]

L3 oSigui pLi acIt Jo p.m1Ts: 113;)X1 .51!:1 I e 11.11rISSIL S I 4111111

;Al) 1.m. puu ;, t,o s!. slcp! Dip

)cboo3 aul o uoilisodup JLIO 1.12: ,1I! e(p 2V.4121
▪ 4.) 13. CL! LI) RS SUDIIS311.1) ur 2uluicaul p3Jligge puy _*guoi ou

▪ • [ u_1111Jii SJULf 1 4121119 031 OS LU)3S ss3pt.purou tocoixat

put I JULUCHE1.11 I SH311. 1 03:011.'11. As!! c.11 0.1219 )111 Mt I Jij

ra ',1(]1)[ OH DM. 'FM DII1 A(1 IG 11f.15;.DJ(T all) AC] 11.allrE3r1.110r1' ;;Ingrpour

1E:A14)115[11 JO 1E II u F.' Hi ']11.!:11 1E 4 .1a4Ini (31\1 ji) 1 JAI.)

-(103 W11) 3f) A[qE14-)if pur: 14bmic) lcbyticio

ttongark ;nip .4se Jszraol ou LIB) ley LIOESSOJ d LII Jil)

p Li o in d .1 0

▪

1..13J1111:571E V 3)1Intii[iii J0 I•.}44:11 5?..14n13.1 1331i3i.3s

- 11; k LI if / .. DiT111113 rur. 11111.1.1e11/171, 51 31 - 5-1114R

DE11 CM LIE11.11.tiiri(1,$'11109sliclyia 11EILU11111.011131111e .1 .1 K-111j III • pn aid Joj ;.a.11 0!1 Jo aim Lulu 141a.s..}31.1 'ix/100332 1 ) °"! K 3 l. 011 1 DI I
Li! 11atii,p-z 1 53113 °Lir. !upircriu.›k II !LtiirtiArti..i...k U1 •IL.I 11111! •injair) s1 pet.}.1 : 1 -epets ,kitAcsitrrsq) s31.frat31'i
u! 1131 T11119J-wl a..,11111 I7r11,r1111r , 1uL ltF I.1.111511.131 v•ti1 .)1 1191.1D1f alp rillr 131t111
-ler 0 imp r plir 'qZriTE!n%.11:1 Jo Bonrunol ;NI Jo nui9
ptrui l'.ittee]]...riurio L))1p 3UJE1 ;el.! NeDenz 1111-11:1
L5t1o11r.rlic5g siiimvz)id jo ,11) A.low?tit
oioji ja1].31 211fLISI.W it aril Lk! aJ1.ii , 111111.11 c gla).)11 )101 "
_1[k° 5..)4. :412,,vou71.pu IF !Alpe, .{dom. ruie JiLimis 111
v.p.); Hair limp !Air Jill .i.1111.1111 1111{l1II3111111133E1NrAt 11514:Lji

1Ru13q 111 ibrj C:Arrt litil.v.Pj 11111311 inumn .11-11 .?Lie 1E111 Alitini 3041 1:111)11.11. 344 14111.11.1e) -111.1115 Ut ‘3.611.1:0111 ir.5!Li34Freti Jill 111 -S.LA

1.1151ViELUIL" [1-.1.0p , :%111.1311111.551r 411111 0.1.>11.1.1 .5

41.31115ti7
'11113J4.1 111

;14319 V3LL1C3 :71).11.1C1 34311{7) j{3 1115,911.W! LL15:11'.1 1:111ir1 II . 1[3411.1141

4L11.1111 -;511:Jr413 115.131.1111../e

1111'.11L1,41,Jra 51 11
J1.1111:191. 11r312copL{1 m 331(.o.l.bL1pr DILL 'N3110

ic) L(risir 1[11[141st -1E1A ,11:11i `sriii [0 pncre ..))11-

1
cl.sr 1.151.11 '11Q(. q115 %pp 11(1 51111tills“plitr1L15) '41111-P.%1 51I1F1}agi :all
ci D1I)1`1uni1)1 uolverimil 571 LIC RUI.ip[C111115 1E3 441 ;Ai tpinvei.
all •kusi1.3Jetecie7 tilF93app.ud JII LIi1sL1Lr ss.)pti]...mou a weitlx4 ISL •.4..,c13113TS
DDfp aq UI SAp111 tp01...1%
44.1. 11355.nut.15 yam& 3jaii.$1011 , 11 I i .114 3.1 11.1Cli1.1 111 11/1. 01111 1{1 .3.11:ietr 11P•A

l'5E5-1,1 11:111 P. 1k1 ,Vcr 113.N5 i1 311 '111 111 1 11' 11t c1 1111 11K 3 ] D1 31 11 s) .-1r 1 11 it 3 1 4 "1 1 5 iii;t14 -n[jold 31,11 ;)tiff)111:111.10:)0} tiJuRA.1..) SL sup [Ar 'LTA(' 311

1L11 LLLIAA 1.1[1 X1111[10U SII:Li .3117 4 31 'fly 11:.11111 Lmatll 5:11'1!:}ti-1 -1 .-)1 I ''''. 3 sAD .1

-13141re..Nyair..a) .. .111DL102... [11]11(q.V/410./). 1. :311101..371 110 W :ADL1.1 1111 11•Ly.

l 'AIL13JE ple ..0011La11i O. U4011S1111) API 34T JAL3411
31.341 '3.1r131113 Jtx .4Jois!.1 IE:Litiasso iaLefutbi llr. 111 ['N14[I:911ln Ir111 JO pm?. imr09

-.F....1-..31I,J2sumi [-Ale 3reLp.le Dlt;:.M1LLI JO 1 0:11DdaR1 .)114I11(1 plie

•J_IuktAilu Ili poiLlos.)i 1)111.1! par4lossql. [111141.1i5 11:,)4k 111F111.115. . 11 41
Wi.L1r1Jr1.1 1r16 . 10 situJiciard 1UALL13.SE 1.:S,)1111T2q111>. LOLI:1
s a ILT 31E1 2411.1.1J11.1 rillrilliliptl,: ,111(.111,!.1 CI Li] 1 ,.1 1(11.11 ne [,1,11 1 31'41[
31tr..3/1311 1..!-Luorke situ) 111X1 Ji1.11.11 noLipiq tpt1,4 L]L
'31(iivoid.Di [m D111LS5 llilirts fitio sv '31q1S5n.lcbtl1 Dili
tivar Lump i1i%)4,13...1 I'Dko `Ji1.11.3k sii L AIIJimonn s:Il '.4.11.94)11):3 ,;41
moillty, 1001; Vz Lintilo 1110EITIM 141(1 rev.41, .eoir1 -

ioutir) zia m. mtp 'me •riaLif s)i sil poler.19.3)111 atitArli .L;311 L: 1111 L :11100:5
p3r!nbn .411ex2[014-3114.1 pa1le3-us
G
otp lo prils33U1! Lii: Jo AJ1.111.1)U1 JL11:1 J.1.11.1,Jr ..er) ,C101.13.1 1. 11.1 li amlisp 01 -..)1 .4wIlio!) '511.qtruiropAsd . 10 (3s I.] 111,1 1 El F. ;?1 fl

1. 19109 11'3..1, USgs111.`J1j411s3c1,i)11.161 Dip 111) .ilLJOILITIE ip.??/1.0.31111 1:3puri dpsit 33F1ci 01 •!_se..:11.34).] aqi uo (F ) pi .
3A1111.).).?-1

3J1! 1.111 SI SAT'S prIA.1:1 1111. wv '1;111113.131jErt 1;*.31E1D171 ▪ .1.1.r.)1(14.1rIs A.A.11 IMO% puu vi...)s.DR1)] .4-) 1411Vtim 1 3.1[1111 1 ;nil Jo .1.0
.

1 141.:11 341)45 ped Di]siCLu .Dtti 1{1 11.11113101) si11.1 I j

puir 311117111.T4 Alp 1111 1J 45 5..1:./41(11 11111.1 S11117.1SCIld '31110 1U:Iti yip hJulsiui
.>111 aleinnuire sin si.1410. 31 Lia••q ' 1.11M.113(1115 Jaa1.).Pettlirl 10 J1131111 111 '81113C1/rIlrip 'C71311'.11. 4 SDilr 31C
45 1

:yeti sal 1L!.n.1 A.n.leg0,1:011 S.>11/ i1L1 - 11111TUIVIS MU SI 11 LIV4

-clus N..11 011 ri 1.31! A.1(11.11 .-/111 I Aurouron Dip 4 1 11:5CICIINI Irr.71 11:111 11. 1111.
.

II I 3:51r..11 :5s %).1.11.1.1.11! 111! 11.0L1-1.1191 proptmpete - J o ...p., ,[uppr .Thk 11 peiral.d
, 12. 311 (11 S,';').11(.1YE 'AINOLis

[)u' p.L14)01!.i,m3Nserrii, 1 .3Jr3e[1:113 pp)) 31.11, 13.)10.141. L' `s.cs. ,C[curoti:).■:sci Jpripm

11 ,..rmin)`3.1! IsinRuLi pair:LI4i1[14 -13 4)1 (i) .4721/1..,3Ael 1.5[I111.Vh. )1 'ELJ 11 . 1(le 11.11...111 1.1.1113.1LE 1• U1 11731.14[10J1 .4.1 :1111.].1i
4 114gic1 ].YLI 1E Ars lokr

El a .iti ittino.) S3:111.11 ?S;1 .11 lour S-133: E!

A IEN.ELLD) pn;j.ro ,yL4 -1[ 433 1
1.31 'NC .11.314$11(11 1
5[.3J 1).31p LIL 15111.1.1 3 111.11(I13S1.11 r. 11_11114. '3.5.1113J1t .1111 In .) J U.31
1

Dy?Li j - roo[ MU-11X.) JO S3.31 .1111-21;_111W3ILU.

_slb jam( [mu r1r130311 a areirliviall. i ii i Irr;" 1119 15ux;) Jul( c;101) iFtp
LLIsuid 1.131L1m,) p.)_11111))1! 11,1ampti .044.im4•41 Erao..o. r %.4lif511)im1pn priNinti Jo .0310)4-1 ;11.111(11111 ill X7'1
'ANC111111 1.11.1 IjiLicItiociil LEI LAkidi-Nloi
2uifirailiNu!3Sw i7,Y49pD1ms,01.9.31.7 s! !mu loilssmi.)Ji) almer
p3P13 4,:31 Z).1011.1 )9 01 1 1 111' 3.1 01111 111 . 11 3 q1.1111LI SANntiv :3 4[ 4 (11 171 r#
:St.ltu mop 1I.xiLiM11l11,u13 111111 L1L t.101.1y1-1.

-11a ju.Drolins in Jo) IOU 1,1,)1.111(11.1Cip .)131.3..AI.,. per

111 3E111711 7F1.11 II( „1.'(1Dln1CTS(11! pue .1(19 um.1 Li1E4-3R1

3.1 ii.r11-11.1P.S pin()) oki11 pup.) iini:101(14(.1 111 33 111.1D..mlai Jo 11k:)] Jl111 1.1.4 ....:31.L31:111 .111 .C. 111 11 11- .31.11410111.A.1S1(171 • l'.1113.1C0111

P11\ s low :iz L1ereil1.1331Iri1 Apiied IOIr sl 11 `.3..iii1..i1P 3I[1jo Anluo.)

purktillm. 111 11111q J0j 11111.34 .11[5 SL 11 111 LI] SItUt1)1! .54

dria!,:,prporfolv piefrf,.>01.11] H SUORIf.J._111S;.3 StIli73.3331%s .(41 Si al D in c!›..q.W 'Friip.in 'Allure% F 101[111. 15 a. it ploy' - 31Pdru YIL111110)
patrutichi....e or or rnatriarchive, and one would no longer even
tin stand how an ancestor can sixak within us, or what SC Ilfee
- -
there might he in us CU SII(`.1 k. w him 'Jr lier, ill siieak in such
1;1% 11.1. 011, tca kli or licr WiM it
We• ha•c airc.adly cricoinitcrC'd this alternative, voe will return
to it again: 1\105t raw ;Lily 14) %.vh.,-ti will have been predefined
as the Freudian nr psychoanalytic archive in genCrall
uadirlg, of iracrii-rinatioil, of clasuhcation 1ti h1tlI havi: IrCeil fe-
cciv4243 and c.cllt.t•tt:ti oult 4)1 tins t+iLlrwc unity is [bus pre-
suppuscd? t )r r.atlsc r , Las oti• Hit thc c►lltrary right NI treat
thi• Naid psyclioanalytic4 Freudian art - hive according to a logic or
..1 method., a historiography or a hermeneutic independent of Freu-
dian psychoanalysis, indeed anterior evcri to 1 he very name of
1-'reud, presupposing in another manner I hi: clusuie and I hc
i t i cat , ty „1 t hi s 4;1) WILLS Tliis independence Ciill LakC
.
pre- Or ImiS111SyChilariahytii.: 4 With in Virithtlln ;111 C1C ' lick pro-
, .
j•C•U to init'gro.to Jana fornialiit.e what 2 minute .ago called the
Fri Ll{^litrl iinpression. This Lanni-al: to a INUAllbCf
iliosc %vim arc pariicipating 7u this conference or who share t h is
folli:crik, and not only, here and iherc, to the most en -Jim:LH
idr i h.
In enigniaric scum:, th.•hich will clarify' ii5e1lperiaps (perhaps,
h.c..7ause nothing should lx Mire. here, lor esst!ntial reasons), the
question of the archive is not, we repeat, a quenlion of Ike past. 11
is not the iitiCSUOIL cif a (7.)m:9A dcaling with I he past that might
0111 4.111)i1Sal or out at ;Air tli5pusal,Arn arc/Jim/He (oti-
fiticaely lie al
i rev WM,- arc him . It is „i question of the future, the question
rutilte. ilu• question of Tcspn-usr, rif a rifinEliSC rind riC a re-
sponsibility for tornorrow, Thy archive._ 1t Wt want ti.) kn114% whai
that will li•vc Dic- ina, we will only know in tillliCS tO r01111:.
NUL (Oil Lor ow Init in times. Lo Corm!, labut (in 01 •rrhaps ricwcr. A
spro.r.al inrs5ii11iit:ity is ;111 work in IlIC concept 401 Arcliict. and
I ICS it, rrligion, like history, like science it rII, coa ',Try Singulm
experience nr the promisc. we MC never 'kir from Freud
saying this, :91,ics5ialiiicity dots nut trman flaC5)iatliS311. Having cx-
plamcd niVst. .11 - Cl$CwIlc•ci revs of Afar x, and even if
this diVinetIOn and enigma -I ir., MC Lit treat it
as establish.cd, 10 La-der if! F.:INC Cline-
l_-ter, we ought, perhaps, to formulate the concept and the for-
in.al law of This niosiariii - Fin the iiilormin t aanw WE' 1i'
illustraic it while cvliking again one of the most stiiking inori•nts
the &cent:, i1 1 11t:aV cay it in Decent of him. that Yet 11911;11mi has.
iIi -
with Freud, at the end of his lx.)uk, in what he calls his "Nlonologue
with Freud," Vile must COTgie ILO the moment at vvhich Yerusbalitii
S-124.111S. it) SUISpnli..1 ciecryilling, in particular evetvalukg lic. has said
and iLio n t: up ti.) this tm.)iiit, lion) thc• r hi cad of a discrete sentence_
Oine could he IcrnptrcI I o rcv rcI this (ktrcad ns the toribilical cord
of the book. Ever•thing seems to he suspendrd from this umbilical
cnrd—hy the un1biLica.1 cord of the event which such a book as this
represents. For in a work un.tirely devoted to nit:Inc)! y and to On:
archive, a sentence on the Iasi page says the 1 1.1R 11 C, I t say's, irl tilt
- -
ftii Lire tense: "Much will depend, of course. on how the very terens
jeterili iind ,,•ienc• are to he Elainee PM], This icntcnce follmv4:41
,
:111 Allusion to MIK h fliiture work," and it a ggrav ated the opening
"'
of this Future, enlarging it accordingly, in which tile vet)! possibtirIN
fruitele-dger remained suspended in the conditiolial:
Profeqsor Freud, 411 this point I find it futile to ask whether, ge-
netically rUlctit rally, psychoanalysis is really a Jewish science;
that we shall know, if it is at riff knowable, only when mach
Cutnre work has ken donc, Much will depend, ut course, on
how the very iermskwrih a lid c.,rext(e arc to be del led. [100, Lily
emphasid
1 )rairiatic turn, 5Lrol‹v of thearrr, cm4p dr thaw- within coup- de
thicifre. In an instant which dislocates the linear order of prtsents,
a scond coup de. rh6.itre illuminates the llr3t. It is also Litt' thundcr-
bolt of love at first sight, a (Gliti) Sc limuire 1.11.py• and tiarnicrcncr)
-
winch, Lit a flash, LrJ tls llxrc will] ihe memory of the first.
With another light, Orli.' Lief loliper knows what i.l]e beefs, what the
-
fen ce of this theater will have been, the first stroke of trine , the
first .4-r.roke. thief/YR', The first pctiod.
question or the a rcllitie rtitta.in5 the s:a1114: What crimes first?
%VIM efilliCS firlt? Anti rFCC (51114. 1 ?
AL IAA' end of the pm:I:ding clia1itcr,1lit: first CeJlep theiltre in
volving a urucial episude and a "canonical t•xt": Yerushahrii had
''
esrablished the extraorilinals archive sive 'nista ibecl in thy cx.cigiic_
1 k givcii his rearltirs tltc unique. Lopy gi•cD. hill first of
icturiird, key arclipalrialth t4.1 thr riarell, lakith
and yet, right on the 501:Multi- nFiLS new Skin," thefigara-
ti ve- reminder of a circoincision. the impression left On kris body by
Lklc archive of ;3 dissymmetrical Ceti t: Mira Wir11013t contract, ora
row/mit: covenant Lu Will(11 Sigmund Slieloinuli subscribed befc ire
ev e rt knowing how Lu Sign. - lunch lcss couillterSign his II:1111r, In
NKr uniless tliirknt cif this insc 4161.117 en (thyme, in the
of arehio nornologieal event. under the new {kin (P•a look that
consigns the new skin, WOUIldCd and hleSSed, of a 31C.s4 hurii i there
.
le:ion:au:111 Arcady the words inllemlud to. .r tile licveliorn of a GLA.1
spcaking to hull In Ii IL 1.1 ( Within you") cycli briore he coUld Sibrak,
"
giving him to understand, i4.) 11r.;1.1, in truth to read or to decipher:
"Go. rcad 111y Rook IliaL I 11.01 16. c ve- rittrn."
Giving us this archive to read, offering it to t..15 in the course of a
masterly cle.ciplicrinent, Yerteslialtrii i in turn, J3 iCA 115 less Ii} girt
than 1.K.P pre Ilk acts a bit like Jakob, who does not give Sig-
[intik] his, .h.ible brit ruber gives it back to him. Kimmins it to him.
in giving us this ilocuencot to read, this UAW scholar w;1 1.E5
give back to Freud his own compc 'nice, his own rapacity to receive
and thus to read the Hebrew arS.Scription. I le wants above All tO
maku Intl] C0111ns it. Because FUCtid„ Arid this is thy (IcClared aim
'Eer ushal in i's 4.1cintinstration, ILIUM ILLVC khoWn„ from a yoUnE, ;Tr,
how to I { - .Ii I file dedication. I le might, in t tias.reiiirricc, to have con •
Ici.sed belonging. thus mak ing his f T•hrew culture puld Or doing
5,0 ilkOre clearly than he did. Yertishalmi recalled all Freud's denials
c)r, this subject, -concerning his own family or ltitnselI (al] emanci-
pated AbriVii.ro.? he clailtietl, all VI rairiiins! and -.Alio retained
of Jewish Like Frciid"s father, the scholar seeks it call
Sigmund She-14m m/, 11;104 01 the COliCILARE by ectablishing, that is to
sav, b• restoring. au- covenant, The. scholar repeats, in a way, the
sl us e fat the father. He recall s or he repeats the ciret1InCiSiO11,
it . II it the f]1 her Call only dcill....1C01.1r5e3 .11) Yfiguri'•
One and
After the first, a second ((nip tie Iiitc4jrrr. it the nvoliicrit 111.% 11
t►drc .1111111, 1A' 1111 Eh` illiCarliteStalik 017 r Vcal L 54;1101a .1
'Mt in an apparently iniirC addresses or rather 'ne-
tt-rids to address Professor Freud, in truth Freud's ghost, directly.
That thr ymisition dicii is more filial, that it 11112(lik5tS the love and
t 11C TC yea of a son, in no way contradicts the miittition of the
paternal gesture-. pQssibly it confirms and relaunches it ea
abiane. A scholar addressing a phantom recalls irreci riktls the
opcliing of Handel. At clic spectral !On of thy -drat] father,
Marcellus implores F loratio: "Thou art Schuller, tprakc to- it,.
Horatio," I hive tried to show elsewhere that though the 4:11aA$iCal
scholar did nor believe in phantoms and truly would not know
how to speak rd therm, Chen kirbiddIng himself' to do so, it is quite
possible 'hat Marcellu$ had anticipated I he coming of ti schular
fire p.fure., who, in the future arid 7io as to COnCrive of 1111C
flame, would dare to speak to the phantom. A scholar who would
dare to admii that he knows how to speak rco the phantom, even
claiming that 'his not only neither contradisis 314311- his schol-
arship but will in truth have conditioned it, at the price of some
still-inconcervable coinplication that Jnay vet prove the other one,
that is, d i e i hantam, ELr Ix COI J C.1.1., And perhaps always the 130.k-road
.
phantom, that is, who is in a position 110 l'PC correct, to be proven
correct —ancl to have the last word.
"F),, ir an d most JSi gL,Ly esteerne.4.1 Professor .Fneticr: so beg
An intensely filial and respectful letter, indeed, hut all the
letter.
more bitter, cutting, MerCileSS in the rciortiadi,une 'would say Miff-
. 16101g, if th.c other were nisi dead, and thus inft
atroiis in the (11.3 0
cutely inaccessible in his all-powerful vulnerability.
These thirty-odd pages are not only to be classed as fiction,
which would already br. ;i break with the language that has domi-
nated up Lo (ins point in Ihc book., that is, the dise/mrse of Si.holar-
s hip, the discourie of a historian, of a philologict, of an CA. Kill on
the history of Judaism, of a biblical scholar, as they nay, cl ng to
speak in all objectivity while basing himself on ancient or new ar-
cl-nycs—and the wealth of these novelties has to do 1-111parttc.ul:l r
With the fact that certain of these cl4N.:11111CIUS, 111)1.ii IL(JW hardly
yis ihi r or Li Liccu411)1.e, scern or pri ,eatc, tiLy•4: been I y inter-
El CV,'
preted, ncwiy translated, newly illiuninated from historical Or
Iyll ilcFlrtiic:aLviewpoints.
No, this fie:tirin has another originality, which sets the fictionality
of the 'Monologue as if or a4n1c: the apostrophe is Addressed to
-
a dead persou, to the.. historialt's ribrcCt b.t collar' spectral subject, the
vutual. CH -I11.4:1 ]tae 1..1f a sort of Ora [CRC!. A ill-1 1.11CA . Iii:s written works i pilbl iC ant I privair writings., clinical, I. [icor criCal,
rChilii:C elfcct. In LIB very Jyc(i1i11, t his apostrophe cm idles 1 he cor- or 21.1t 01110g Ca ithict1, in5titurional Or no, psycho:Lir:46e and
pus it claims to treat but which it enlarges and of which, in fact, it cal, scientific or - novelistic"—heetnise slerushalini's entire book
is hencerorttli a part. At the end ol 2 t ight discusAion with the phan. (II LT TOD Eit I a hoQk by Freud that Ile himself wanted to present as
tont. according to the intersected rult.'..5 4)i ilsychoanaiysis dikd of (lie /)er hint; Aft.w.c..r„ raaJ hit forisc hcr RurrrUtt, While it n 11 a
Talmud, 'in the spirit of ir-didaktri,," t he signatory 01 LILL: book and new ColiCcpt ui trutla, d14 is, kinder the 31;1111C of 514 U iC al truth: .
of the lettel ends by ititcrrogniing the specter Or FT Ckld a 1ruLIl that stliolArS hip, histo•iography, ;Ind perlliips philosophy
Wr will (writ this, Fri t- the innineni, ii•e say the "book - and have SOFTYC ciilficulty chinking through). Freud is thus no longer
ihe "letter" because if the Ictt cr is apparently a part of the book, if treated as a witness in the third person (rerstis); he finds himself
the "Monologue with Freud" resembles a. l.or chapter of the book, card (U wrirriol; as a second person. A gesture_ incompatible in prin-
L:131 also note two other SURICRill al. $ingulaiiricS aboLII its rela- ciple with the 110111.15 of Cla.55K.:31 ier ar fie di5fol..115,c, in particular
tionship to Clic book WhiCh, itt leas( w_coi ding (U the cdikuriat Con- will'. those of history or of which had presided uvrr tlic

verilion of it% bibliographic a.n.-hivization, contains it within itself. C;1311r IN MAC 011' 10 this point_ In addition, the signatory of this rnono-
In Ills ides( place, this fictitious "Monologue - is heterogeneous to logic.:11 1c1 ter All of a sudden proposes to this second person, ...dm jS
the book. in its status, in its proret, in its Corm; it is thus by pure at first addressed as "you" arid not he, to speak in len/150f "'We,"
" "

juridical fiction that such a fiction IS, in dreet.. bc_PUJILI ill the Sallie And as he recognizes thin this. other does not have a true right vi
sign(',( by the Sa.1111C author, and ilia it i under cighl reply, he responds for km: "[IL what i5 :11 issue here, indeed hat.

" Wit - 01611i " (nonlictionak ntillLC i Elo•tik: nor ril-PbTAIMIC FIEFF bt•c.au .5o all -.11ong, ...ve both liavc, Jew 's, 411 1 ) rcrita I stakc. Tht.rjoi - c
I Lt Cf;lr',') in the bihliographic catalogue whost classical categorws ill speaking of the Jews I shall nor say 'they.' l shall Say i.vtt: The I

ATV fOk at The beginning of the work_ In the second place, this distinction is familiar to you' 1811-
postscript of sorts retrosp<ctively determines what precedes it. It By definition, because he is dead and thus incapable of respund-
dot..: LI ill ;3 Ice Lsive lash .L0E1, marking it iiideeci with an CS5C.111.1111l tug. }'feud can only acquiesce_ cannot rduse this c.oinaninizy at
indecision, namely the urliliilici1 Opening or the future, WiliCh once proposed ;.i114.1 le can only say H yci" to this covenant
mikes the IN4 )n "Jew" and "sLictic.C . indeterminate at he VrTY into which he inns( 'enter One more IOW_ BCC:111NC he will have had
43w—or in a ny Ca54! CC.T4 ICS to their indellertllination_ 'LlinS one to enter it, already, tevi rl or e..g...t
h I day's a fter his bit (h. .11 froatis ram- ,

can just as well Say that the entire book is in advance cc: ntained.as tdowitr, thisislhe sitilat ion of absolute dit. synimetry and heteronym y
,

it carried away. drawn in, engulfed hv the abysmal element of the
'Monologue." It_PE tii 1L b..: 15 it COnstitutcs a kind of !twig pre •acc,
exetglie, a preamble, or .L foiewoid, The True title rjf l lic ima, its.
tovist :1]1]}1-opriatt- t Itlr, its 1rLIIii wrH.Ilel indeed EM' Afrmokigue
Freud, Let us note this ;11 least on account of the archive: to recall
that there conic I be iio arebiving without titles (hence without
in winch a on finds hillisclion bring circurneised after the sevrinli
al day. :tL1d cFrl hC1 rig [lila& to Cnter into .11 .Lovc pant at a Inomeni v.1
our of the [1LICCLI.1111 that he
4 fC5pood, sign, or counccrsign. 1 lure
again, the .1 rchivr IJlarltt4l once in his body, Frencl hears himself
recalled to the indestructible covenant that this extraordinary per-
formamm engages talc{ say 'we'"—when it is addressed LEY a

names anti wilhon1 Lhe archoritic principle of 14,183“131.11at L011,with pJi,{(Lions 'Jr a 111.CW brA [1,

1.:15,VS, 1.1.1I LULU crilcr of clabsific;itit

. , n 2111.1 O hicratchization, iLct X15 ikotc apt le,154 in parentheses: the viulcllie Vf thi5carniniMai
'without order and williokit crl lte•t, ilk kilt.' double FICIBC cif thIC WIA fa). dissymmetry remains ar once. extraordinary and precisely, most
fly 1111C- CL113 FM' t di9.1.155iOn„ but in I }le prCACTIVIC Of cotrimori. Il is The origin of The -common, happening each time we
the reader th a t we are (01 - God knows who as fer1/i.4, third party or address someone., each time we call them white itipposing, that is
wiincs s.. Freud Ls no longer created as a third person represented by to say while impoiing a we.," and ilius while inscribing the other
-
person into this situation ot an at once• spectral and patriaiLliic sition of the father, the father of the dead father. The other speaks.
nursling.) IL 3 S utIC.11 thus in sccn.us son has w the lather. Sill.r.ech corlIcS.
Evel•thoig happens here as if Yr.:rush:Anti II-141 decided in (kink IMCk r,F 1INC 142.1.11dratlIc.- 1 . - SpcX01.priu•rils,. in Fre-rich la pa role irifienr:
111. Ci reurticke Freud, ac if lit. fell ;1E1 Obligation yet to corrie ("T shall
As Act of speaking :1111.1 as right to Trcc'h. Wr r hy is this monolog 1.34:
s;iy '') an. red Kiln-law Film lay ti. gure while CO n Fi the cove- ClCa r 11.• not a iliOnülngiic or a sritilotiu,yi Because it plays on the
nant, as if he felt the duty. in truth, to repeat Jakob Freud's gesture irony of prtsenting itself as A "Monologue with " ? Because more
when, in 211 in t raptitLU at 03 iiCt: OLItSILIC ins.LciC dig: hook, rrghir than one. persuil Speaks? Liikdoubtedly, but there. is LUDIC [hart the:
tJrr tht: Duuk, in Inellizah, he reminded Shclornoki, In the sevesith
01111LIN:r_ ThCre ES the Fig if LI]: 54;114 1.0/V Cif dic
EIS ihr day s 0 1 the yerirs of your life the Spirit oldie Lord to is hot alone in signing, Far in(Frn it, bc is iibOVC all air firir to do so.
im:42 you and spoki- you!: Gel, read in my Rook I hat l have I le speaksfmr): the position of the othur: he carries in himself. this
written _ . 1711. -
molithriiree r he bears the voice that could be that of Jakob Freud,
(The memory witlickto memory of a retL.1]rLs everywhere, namely the arch patriarch of psychoanalysis_ And thus, in the
-

WhiCh WC: ought 10 dchatc with Fretid, conicei wag hit;

!lame: of Jakob, die voice ul all the arch patitardE 1.11 history, in.
-

Eapid 51...LiCI1LCII.ES oil this !MbICU; it i 5 4_1c orly . the question 011 the -
Jcwisli in particular, for examplcy thu.,c u1Lra not only ill.
Ringhiar Ardlive naincd iSit ITC Although tic' ...peaks of it scribe tlicir ill I lie coy-cm:1M at the inorncnt of circumcision,
bk•re ;Ind rh ere from FrelLd's 431 . from Jones's prim of view, "(crush- and chi it•ill•C than nnce, litr.rnlly or by figure, but do not ce.nse
.ihrki does nor place this L11;31 k, at least in us literalness., at the center be surprised and to remain skeptical about the possibility !hat a
of hiti book 6 —and the enigma of circumcision. notably in the great dauglitxr could speak in her own name.
wiir 1)ctv4.ecit Judaism and (..:Iiiistianity, is kitlite.• ❑ ftrn that or its havt it3ST alluded lo ti Lc last N:41_1.1:1.t that the signatury id this
liier.ilness and uf all that tkpeittls tin tin . Although I belicve ,
inu114,10gLIC With01,111 re5110115C atitlill:N•S to 1 : retid's [111;111MM, This
Eiti t •ction to l5r irreducible, in particular in the rereading of Frt.iid. rutiiiic ,.t is farrird in a titicoion; we JIM:St distinguish between the
irreducible notablv Iii thAt of castratinr L I inusr put it aside here. not
-
one and the ottkr 1-kere. the reglicst questions on the subject of
without sortie regrEt. along with that c.k• phylacteries, those ar- Anna "your Antigone," says Yerusha.lrnk in p3ssing, Yerush-
chives of skin or ikarchnicrit coverctl WkI I3 Writing that Jewish IRCIL, almi, who, deafly thus kkiktifying Freud, hi spacer, with Oceli-
hurt Lou, and ni.d Jcwish wt/111K- 11, carr y dose to Elwit oil their pvs , thinks perilap —1Ni -h a p a i m [his Will s1.3111 -1CC to tic - LIC41111531.
at Eli •ti I I7rir fiarrlu•;1tI: Frge5f /312 t/ IN*
- I ii /1.1 41 11 4e ire eartfl. FLTEX 'LTC his own tclationship with Freud, as if 'hue were pi)Ssibi Ey
(lir sign of ( irri nrici si( kir i th ;:l bring -rigir1 -0.r: litre a raaer+re•Jt h at cvcr bcuomi RIZ lipctlipils's Oedipus. in 1977, An3ia Frenfl +Ara%
this time defrrs not e•xl CI C. the detackunc.nr and the um tyi liga- invitee.' by die f lebrew Unive.rsity cal lerusalein to inaugurate an
ment, of the sii104 atc, arid of the text 3i1l3L1Ita17CO1lSly_ endowed chair carrying the name of her—long dead --father. Un-
In this deliberately filial si.etir that Vci tisha Eli has IN i I 13 thic pa - able DJ shr toi)—she slic too, a wintrn stnienient, II.
Tri.irch of pmerlinanal•sk, the rpostionlx is 1;11.1,114•l1ed 11-r13113 tiLE: ochcr documunt, 1•CfLinb;11.3E11 inlet- SFS Wilh pas -
sion , A nna d er l arcs , awning other things. that the accusation! ac-
rorcliikg to which psyel -Kilialysis is a "jewish srie.nee," "under pres-
Thc cif 11, lhowcwri, taken up hum [mats of
5c;cral
ent circumstances, can serve as a title of honour" 11001.
ifai-o. Frill!' .1 11141114k -II Ex.II1 I t3f I. 1.11a, Lt L'( 4.1i1{11J4.1 big fokAir (Ltrrt

the kraditre eelations Yerushalini asks himself whether 111L1S SCIICLCILCC ibitrikt.i by Anna
fovrii) lot memory anti
the servitude in ant 1 Illy exrxhis front Egypt (wbctCIrCUnlciki fl v,as an in- is ILILICCd iigned by AMU._ Asking himself this, kir asks bis spectral
digcri41,3% pratiice}, Nom ;I nunc. Itluourril Immo 4111eici.v, Lircutnri‘i4u, i, Ihe inttiluctiiiir Ike iisks himself (of) his speclicr W.1.31[1111 First liac•
51,11w-iliac Ihf th.i. cam rrition 41 1 rh c Ihc FF rinaa liwr Father. asked hin i5cli this) if his (tauglitcr spoke in her own name: rls ir
-
doubto_l ihat (laughter,. above all ilic daughter of Freud, could Wc will return to this tiucstiuti ill another form momentarily.
Spell LII tiff ty years after the death, 1 = LFt ri le` nine bring, I will pull from this %%Ai a single interpretative
;411c1 :il oove all - l
AS 111 hC: 4V1S114:cl, Wei l 1.4:1:11 C1 ly (i1 secret which lir
. S:Lys di mail, the one that concerns the archive_ What happens to the

Lac %%quits icF kccp, that is to soy, to shirt' with Freud, 1r hr alont:
- in status uf the archive in this 5i ttlat \Veil, the day when in aik
sharing with Freud). that she had always. spoken in the name of aL.Fsolincly exceptional, iinpre.c•acnted,. unique,. and inaugural
Fier hither. in t he nil OF the. 1:atlier: 1011, indeed 4_311C,." thAt is incompatible the Lif ilait .:k111.1 the vC
'Rica 1.4 science... oririgj'appj-, of ist ur irt , taI
. 1.31 1 eCir7d. inder41 of [111.i -

ln I %vill liI lit myself further And Lac 1: 1:1ffiCILt if you 10S111:111y in the West, the clay, arnl horn ihc !foment when wienoc -

answor only one question: When your 4latiglitur conveyed those prc seriiing itself as such and tinder ihis name binds itself intrinsi-
,

words co the congrcss in Jerusalem, thus she' _Talking in your call's not only to the history of a proper name, of a filiation, and of
. .

11e419,10 hULIINC, !WIC Frctid's house, but to the !Lame and i ❑ the law Ora

ici[ Mc!. [ proniise I svon.`t res.cal your answer mil.iu111, &A' a peopl e , !or Of .3 religion, here psychoanalysis as JC I.Vnill

to anyone. 1. 109J scicjicc, !hi!, W4p1.11141 11:1Ve the C1)1115.C411.11.'nee, aiming others,. of radi-
cally transforming the relationship of such a science to its own ar-

These are the last words r]f the hook. Everything seems to k chive. Arid in the samest roke}, having kept an e-swritial account of
scaled by this ultirriake signature i r1 the. form. of a promise...Secretly the singularity of an aritheion, this would transio]In tile concept

Lout visibly :, sheltered by a secret hi: 4.4.ants manifest, by a secret he of science niul lIt': concept 01 the ardlive. lit the i.1.1.to ILI IT-
is anxious to Make public., 'knish:11nd wishes. that Anita-Antigone of their ciincept, a seielice, pli ilo$opliy. . theary, thcoreln are

had only been the liwing spokesperson, thr faithful interpreter, the or should he iyarifiiiririly independent of the singidnr archive of
Lear_ Tat ._er
voice bearer (nine to supporther 1 and [IF rnt his
repese !heir history, We know well iliac these things (science, philosophy,

word, his name, hi.s belonging, his thesis, and even his faith. What, 'henry, cu..) have a history, ;..1 rich and complex history that carries

according to Yerushalmi, did she say, then? That in spite of all ibc!in. mid prilidUC 4:5 tilEMII in a diousand ways. NrVe know we II ilia(

Freutrs strategic tiCflialS Idell.egatamsl, in spite Or oil the pollitiLal in divcisc and i_oiliplicated ways, proi.wr WIWI and signailArCS

rrefillAtiCIII1S he exprcsscd throughout his life concerning the UM count. Fit Li die structure of the theoretical, Philosophical, scientific

vermil (non-Jewish) essence. of ryclinan-ilysis„ it ought to honor II statenie/Lt., and even when it rnnre rns history, does not have, should

self Ear being Ile wish, for being A fundamentally, essentially, radi- no in principle have. an intrinsic and essential need for lite archive,

cally Jewish science, Jewish in a differnt sense irnin the anti-Semitic and roe what binds the archive in alL its lornis to Knot: proper

kliir.'galiOn, W111112 Vea ling the "historical trim IC 01 anti-Semitism. 1113111.1C ui tO StfrIlle. hotly [noricr, to 5L/411C (141.11►:11141.1 ear 11,11101L-11)

It S.C.CIM Lk) WC that Yetu5h1tliiii'5 111c ors :YeltiaciL:cs I1C1 C with t 10Ji, I.41 11X1VeliA17tS, to secrets,. It IL15 ttiu NUCh iltN41, in any caw, in it%

h ;We ing t SC] 1.t1.1( it k rather virtirldal St ;11.1.r.S ..LI id

.
rclationship or LII Laa MAY- — .La the classical !wrist- of the
.1 paradox i cal i( ISA LC 'Wilt 40 111 1101 wh ;ii LI ;IS ' ,ARIL K iln, Rut as Fpoori a s une sp+.2a k s of A Jewish science, wh:i ron e's 45
11.10v4.'1111eill Will

ban- been Might 10 or shotrid bc iJr the future, 11G1.13Yely that psy understanding of this word (and 1 will back to this in an
.

eluianalysis should in the future have been a Jewish science (I will instant.), the lirClik't LICCOMCS a founding moment for SC irlik€ ;1.5

Furtn it ill a 11101111Cni t.t.) this temporal niodalit0, in a sense, admit

-
-such; not only the history and the memory of singulai events, cif

wind) is tadiLally tlifferent. lrcIuL that of tlic anti SCJ n it IC ext-Joplary Firorr na.MC S i lAnguages and flhilti.{111.1., bti tllc C.LeFISI•

ICTIL3i1Cbh(.11, but whicli would bring to light., 0311C 11101rC lime, 41111.11 (LOFI in an anVirion (whit.11 can he an ark die consig-
En a lemple.),

ACC4111- Cillig very Freudian gesture in its style and tradition, the natinn in a place of relative exteriority, wheilier it has to do with
truth that cii.puld be carried by the anti-Serniric unconscious. writings, clocuirwrits, gar ritualized 11./arkS. WY the body proper for
 [11 1:".1:1crericl. lir cir•oLlin.ri5io17). Ai •ksair r.rmilkilig It-04 'Add' iic Vb♦11311.1 .1310.14:11. CleiCi'll1i11C 3CLCE1CC4 1SSIC1110•01C1.14EiC.

tok i rig scriolusEy ilic fitie5tirin vi hethcr s1 scicnrc can depend ;1.11, 1111(` r sscrirr .n1 1cwlislincrs s, if r34
. JUNiaism •
5oInct1ing VA.. ark- ilvEib,..ra.k.tly It goes wirhotit saying, if one could put it t h is way. that Frenti's
"sc.rfficl.13 I]kC 1 611:1113LCILIIIML- LI) CICNigE131C: the 151.3.Ct 1.11.01.1.- phantom does not respond_ That is at Icast hi.)w things appea.r..But
1c111.., 3 phiCc 11L.Lt IS lisc IS 1.3.1 ob] cniatIC, licLveccri "IX ti pi! c can ibis be trusted? In promising so..•rci_y for a '1,1:13tual response
I311.0 4.-167,14c:11 with IFITL11.1 1. 81;1 Oly 7.4:11♦•101clits C1.11
.
kccin ,14-111 315•113y5 kCCI) LIS 11•11A1i1:1.11g, the
quit ply 110d Fcl 4• . 1SEC11 011 tai rte llie - 011.
.
Fignator3.oi thin. Ex` iinclerstcxnl that Frcuil would
castration} To explain she genesis of anti-Sernirism, inAmely„ the. never say LII for exarrinic in a horik and in 1.5.41:11 is cicstiltod
pliblik!,

icalousy with regard bl.) a pc-01a which presented itself, he says, 21A 11) last(.F1]I piihlic archive„ what he thinks. in 1 ruill seerr:tly, like the
thc! cd ulLkA suit vi Gud. 1:•cud 1115 Aids° titu .
monolugui ST s.Vh.0 Says INC.. namely, yes, psychoanalysis is ill.-
- "

(h.c: duo. tuts. thiciLl deed JC1•4011.511 Es this- nist intAdult:Alb, whai Etas aireadiy,
11 1 on) thy I•ui 11 11.1. Eric
• thEir CH1:11.1hiSID 1 5y a in Erinizac, uficl/ 5tiggl. •SIC 41
- ? Ts this not what 1Ne has already lEttil .

accor(iing to him, always recalls areaded This r111.13Td iIL rC1111;11kS., CnrrListc•r1 to Estrus, .r.ow•igr]cd in a LInati.smid•
5CCM5 IC.55 interesting. in any case here. or less con% iricinp, (Elan the signs ilia( Yertishalmi has inventoricd, classed., put in order, inters
inaitner in which Freu4.I characterizes the i.iup.ressiart which circurn- prc.ted with unprecedented vigilance and jubilation? But at the end
•i&iLm th4...,t- who ilfc 4JIN.igrcc.;11b1c, Lin of the book, thc iiioctologinbi who saw.; says he is rea(ly Ft)
carirry I 11.rlheittlifrAll inlpressiDn' 1 . CE 23;9 I]. (1 1,CC4i ast.
.
icspcet the 5V.:P1:11., &CA- pcilui11111 the 1- C•9111)31.!ii.'.

volirre rri ,in(1 clitnol go into it here, (ha( ench time die %vord
4•1114) 1• 11, !kit C1LC ph:41101111i 01,5111 mouth, (Linda murmur in car in
evdrcitniin5 Appears in 1 "reliCI'S ICX1-and no( onlv in The essay of
-
1 5 r kv:itu.
thi Ridc. Da .4 litdieimlich-uric can localiZe an iincoral rill:1.1)1c. un-
1
ins more serious thant what is in
NOZIking eeTriS [4.) in this
{lc/Ad:Ability ill [Ile ;•OcLot7]allii2 [he co3.014T1!;, []LC lc 11,61,1 h ordcr conclusiu.ii„ in (he very secret of its open] [1 i ul the fiction of its
EFic iliseinirric and of. the Or !i•L;3Le-111C:[1tN; .1.111(1. I I)C.
suspcime. For a iaigL number of reasons.. Srmv.` seem to bc
5:1.3tle• II IfILC, 1E1 illSE :IS Sigilii1C.3111' (11 FiVid•L'gprr_) tuunccl the 1.335.1.ullicrS lEived.14.] the inrurr Eil{: archive.

YCI- 111S11.111111 L111L1•1.31ACIlly FhEnks , ;Hid [AS 11E34161 v.CCITIM hi an'' fasc
to ;link iit:11kolivrati11g. t E 13t 1 s•y{.110.artaLysis iat fewi51N scie3i.ce- A. Ccuirc-rning The frirrricr, those which 1001; t.c..pivarci ]he past,
NCUI3E, ILO ;31.33I 1:0( it 115 :115 !re[1!,Ft. 1 5 .1(.1114).9ing till I will s.:13- r3nly word. lt Twill go in du...direction of what, i,l Freud's
1.1-unLiiii. " cucvia.1 ui t•atiing, lic 1.pacs hiniscfil c111 an HILILiVe eyes, 311(1 in The Rai ..11.1an,. tin 1•111C 1. , [0g[C55 of science
0.4116CLIlar
!:.C.1.135•CLIIL1C5 a[1_11...11C (tlIC 0].1.1C 5L 1.31131i1_31. OF 11.3113111.31.1LC Er:11.111.1.0D% SOIL1C AJLd ECUMAL 1.0 LILL ill 4JVCIAL VI 1.1.1c pittirlarckitc. Ilk a .11i0tC 'Which ]
111114'S 1511ElliS111{'{r. 1 n :lily 4:35• /lic 1{- ;15•T4ILiS 0'1/4'11 clrrrmnstr:3- nol Ilavc the 11:ffilc (u rt•,Lid FIE..r.r. and will cominctit

Ilrhrl poini where it Nei.111. 11(p FITULI ['kt

M -7 11.1. i:L. Lichrrnhcrg, whol.C• 111•Ort he
The 1kiliCiarliC31.1:11 queslion remains withour responsc. VVit.bout a e- kecks. Ht mistake in offirrriing rbal there can he no doubt 47
5[301.1 se SKI
• liar[. 'Lrush alJlti CICarly this (0 coinc Abi.JuL Liic i4lentity of the mother, insofar as it depends on the Wit -

Fbrebori Ff C LIILISL 5;1.1, I L UWE! 113IL1L, did L ❑ ess of the setts s, KIC3111111y 11.c faritcr always
and ]11 i[Jut.11.1Lii.1.1( lh;IC 1}syClily..1.1k;11 5.siS doubtful since' it 4.ieliendii,I:LW_ _1 .1._{311pL", CM 3 l'31:11_1.1•1111 cilce„ .L
.
shoilli.1 hi 0011.0E _ OcIlig a 114.-Lvihli A LiclfrJ1177i.11iv42 lay "legal fiction" or which Siephch srocalcs in lu}'ce's briyik'i. 1 low
cw•vr, bc([er than cver te.day., i I only with the pussibility of 5 urrog.l tr
7. - Fcrner hat linter den tte R, durch sick' die ..ludcui .rushers. prosth.ctie rnattrnitics, 5pe.rni b.anks, and all the artificial
chic dcr whlielbsailscn, ualtimlicht0) Einar uck grrmiLlit." inseminations., as tlic..y art s42curcd for us Already and %krill be sc-

•• - • • - - NtEMP6&-•"7"7-"127•r -e.1- •
 rei I still more fill' Li ill Ilk: future by bio-generie tethim-suictice„
'hyr know Linn maternity is itikrr•d,corislructed„ and inicrpretycl
;LS paternity. And as pater nrill LANs.. In truth., it has always hccri rhos,
1 04 the ofie and for t h e other_ FiNr1.3.1.1 makes a second mistake in
believing with Lichtvoberg bat paternity, and it alone, I as unccr-
min is tIii illle511011 o 1.01Cd1Cr the MOW/ is 1.11111;11,11XLI: NAr know
tilday, ilk ;di n153 Ectivc certainly, [hilt the 111111.0111 i uninhabited, ;1101.1..
, sun, while alluding io thAt ritriorchal filiation or eIclers into which
C0111TTSCly, 11 15 1.•,71 ,CLCI" to set 4111 1.1 ti tt1.14:11 111;lt S.;11enite ' S 50111
t} ce`rl.,iin idcntitv Lola mother. I-k makesa third mistake in dr:1W-
nig from all khr.. a errors, iLlulsi ils r or phantasms it phAlrigoc..erittie
C011(1.1.1S10.11: beLause oil this presumed call to reason Ili the aSSigird-
jun 01 . puerility, beyond the ''witness °l the senses," the p;k5Sage to
[Lit (11■31ked the 6k:dieing 11.6 111 111ph rl reaSalk CIVC
- t ltils time
d i,C111..-C r pc rrcption.
In doubting that Anna-Anrigone had spoken, from London to
Jerusalem, in ht ..r own name., in visibly hoping that she had spoken
. brew is grainimitleatly feminine and which is midrashically
to the name of the father--uf her dead 14ELIECC — WILA dEleS the Sig
rumor): of the "Monologue k,Liii Ft mill 10 Overprint in thr
u t...14:" fir this iiniliitcral corn vidi aid cxf this COVellallt, 1E1 this re•ir-
•imicision of- Freud? Well, lie perhaps inscribes, perhaps (j am in-
.:It cc] saying
- perbapc), as if he were signing his name, a discreet but
encrgeric and ineffaceable virility:
we ilie ia.thers, we the archons,
we the vatrialchs„ guardians of the archive and of the law, I say
perhaps, be,..aise all these questions 35 51.15pCrldcti :Is the f-u
turr. to I.11.1W t411 . 11
am indeed saying "perhaps." as Yernshalmi says "perhaps" at
the most decisive rrinnients or his suspended conclusions
OILC Ski
"Absurd? Run tomer elakit —purhaps, alter v1l . . " I. 99J ).
II/Vliat. IS in lirrr. rt 4..(iining to a ColichlSiotl on the .subject
01 hiE clissiimilaied r. r 1.1E1;IVOW11.1.4e 111101.1 .ght accorcl-
ing TO whirl) psychoanalysis would he a Judaism without. God; or
2C.Crirciing to which, cv we r ming, the future of Laius and of Oedipus
or the future of religion, be no hope. i Jot] may
Would
Well he right.," Sa15 Yerushahni, SccS in the closure of the LI-
1.113 C,. ill 1111.Telr 4oillcW5., in the nolipromiSc, more than in the athcisin,
what is. lciliSt inost u1, friA•iS11, 131i Freud; such Jewisliness
hurt, if not Judisn -i, comes clown, in its minimal essence, but as
NeltliCe 11Selfi to the ornritss. of the future. But it is o n tliis ques-
Lion of hope or „lopelessness,"
1 Ye r1.3311+1111(111 41.4r11.] say ILO Freud, "even
tflore than on Cp'ex 1. -or g,4)cllessiiess., lhat •Okil ttach.ing mrly he at its
-
Most iln-Jewish " [95I. I stress this essential modality of theperhafm,,
;H I am always lei/Tied to do. It &earls I.c} MC to be irueducible.
Nietzsche claimed to recognize the thinkers of the ['owe by their
c o urag.c to say. prilhops. I emphasize "perhaps" fur yet anothri re-1-
licrtisholnil seems to inscribe himself, at beast by one of gesuires.
Because he also asks Professor Frctid a remarkable question about
the identity (If The moth.cr, uI his oedipal scherna,. perliaps a non-
5clys ibl e. ici ci a l Ey., skidd e d p•rlialis fruill. the WiltneSS 0111)C 2PCIISCS.
111W the " legal 1 -11:111.3d Oldie father and evcil more than this lict.alliSt
the wor nnici would be the law itscIf
tlic ToTali, the Teaching, the revelation, the torah which in He-
tO ;E hriile_ It is over possession of her that Christianity,
the voimper sun, rime to chall.cligr, not so much the Father AS
[1.1C111S111, the elder con. For ihig struggle - sibling riwalry" is per-
haps ton. lame a phrase. Psychologically (and alas, all too often
even historically) we are talking about fratricide. [92 l'
R. Yes, ICI tis ratlici spi..11 of the into] c. Just Before asking 111S
4.[Iirsiirmof the phantoin of the path:it ch i of the arrhontit s pecter
-
of psychoanalysis. at the moment he promises to keep the stcret,
above all it lit confirms that psychoanalysis is mile +~1 a Jewish sci-
encx, 'Cr" ushaltui takes Ike. risk. of making decisive gcsuo•c.. ]ri
indeed th5tiaguishes, and ...ve will .tornc hack to thus
heu.vc cii J414 ]31iiic . JILLI F LIiJ.ii Ikb. 11
, IL c.an le n1erinin.,11.511 "
rrligimi, Li nr Jewishness is nut. Ont• carinot iran5latc 40. 1 t$ "
most UP14CW1Sh by "the furthest
." Flom ludaisrn [at ph/4 &iglu& du judo
xs the I: rfin Il i tillyilatirni 1.11]C.W I Ili n,L Lhc risk of 1„ r1.1.ilyilig irr 1311.11-i l lky
,
File vrry thesis of th.n. lxwik.
9. OFil this of the brad1CF..11 ,1.1 C'efl 111141215M bri Clirigiaiiiry and
in particular in FIR. iliMI1LLE101.1 permit me to rC(f r );Lou L1.4
Poiaidpre.f.rie 111.31.,Lisly i10 li. 1kt...tiling 1.11.111 4" raw im gc!% ESP likiS ;pies.' ion,
.
fratricide, rushAlini pins forth the' hypothesis a-crordling to which the
figure of C-ain ol e:r5. an 17X iiiallxion whirl] is as [..TOCent - as that of Ordipus.
• -
 1

:SEri Ike', Ill ed 1.1.3 r...i.gro ph, ]tip' foe r (OF s the encl. E: pi n•tc I 1.1c.•); i •
an{.1 sigh it as one subscribes to a -whether ultimata}.
ca] axi4iermti c which had scenic.] tip to this poini to lx ii prestipilo.
c..inie 415 belitvc it F., he so. This is 0.r.riy - hr avrriLtt in iciow: "I
his cri5colirsc.•. To (lescribc this gest re I will Select. !loc.
linly to know whc.tlwr C IV to brlirvr it ic pkic .

;1 g:k i L, (1(11 y 4.7.(111.L: 11b. LI IC rchivc. First of all, it Stelt15 tliat iii
r so." Tin ;Lg.(' count .I
rn _ s, ;:i rift he 1.1•3 S t r sl
pf !VAC I{ I 1 sL1t s LI I VW , in a p tn..] re la.f cr.. e la lkaa rt: a y
,c..repcii /hi!, :3-t kasr
co recall it, that Frc-ucl h year
LX' C11, iL3 CIL( C SSC L311:LlS El LC 10.12( IC 130E3 SC 4.11.31 Ye LI411.11[11i SCI:11 LS EL]
if h4 kiNks it c.)i . him again, it lie kDk5 . . QI I r5t) re', if lit St I71 ...ok
r o r r tr nd o i I i for,. by pr4511)1XiES 01; E krcp
new conlirinmicin i11111, it is ;Li, Ll . 111C %•al RC{ I L 1112 LLSE W45r l 1 , W12
i t to h i sel f, as if Fir wanted to linve For Fiiinsrlf in Ercret. Cur
last will. the ultimate signature ("taint:Hely ) - tly ng father •
liiq owri JrAr.1 priririrlr rlf in
and to be 15.[13
13 .1110FC of 311 :11 I TrIli 1 y draci r_ I{' aanls MI
c4.1tially privarc VILNA) ne +, 'hiC11 dd. h ;n1 alrcauly
ultirrint.c rerirtitirm, at the lit rninutc; x.19 FOT :In enriTareablc
cLiiliCr!) 10 1 91J L L
' CO l'kfrsellli. A:, 3 5.5-..13111C.{.1 dila re w Lih
countersignature. or what Freiii.1 sixty-li•t.. ye r e2 rlier 3II cl
I.N21.11d,
. al I I (Inc, a sccre 1 I llat ci I sad rerid v ron1341 t.o so Inc...-
(41.11tc a few othicr ti.CCO SLCIU Til iS 11.gagüIl ("1( 01.1g111( 10 h. if -
CHIC! . hefore rimla.al Ell i WA C'VC11 110m: "1 n 1 1)2 6,"
ti'r raili.Ir F by F.iigaging a (IC 3 1){!F hOIL, IL (.1. ILE}
ve ri cs, "you wrote p r 10 Enrict) !Fol.] were Plot
10(1 ;Cr ]x' Sk I EliCCt 10 rklr SE r.1 regiC Leii1;11 n n o the LICni:Lls clf thc
sure' that Ins notic_511 that p5yclivanal.ysis i5 a direct product of the
ng FTC ci to the re r2cti n of 111e Flokid 1161.9. r a rsyc ho-
toiml Ii CC )rrei.t.h t that if it 1.(1 n i t Irr ;15.11d [13*1.1 11'
Rnalysi.5 exposed to RI] II IC aI111.i-SCIE1 i tiC V UteS.
).
This 11cc Linn SCC ❑ 1:i Lta Cliangt all [Lc signs. It is this, this
A itcr [hiving ritcd p ri ate t].'(. it , 11:C'11.351)311113 .1{ILIS :1 rc -
1.1.flic, IL seems 1.0 UNC 3 XL ;.1.31 y 4.11t14-1 jUSILi ry the book's subtitle,
E . iit C}31.1' SE 11)14.0 1110 5.1:11{144 - (111171 riot, of l hr
1:,rdihism l'ermie?..iffir arid trifc.r.Prr.iPrabir. Et. I caVeg Op< n tie the htulte,
Evrwc-cri Judaism 1)syclicyarml•Ais_ Th.i. two rcrtnis or id) nsi
olill• I he definition. lig - 11(• I lir licit - tin innlAiry ric
L.12I bCODITI C CC1 L.I ally LI k 110W i ntic tc r i n te, If CI to ht: (letcr-
.ilci rimst of psychoanalysis. Up to
nlioc.(1. OVC.1" 0 L L LoL:i 11S fi.'.:11C I 1111'S del.: I'd T;311.01),
this !Iowa in ..311V raAr 1.3 - 1 lo the opening of this ficti.ec nlonoiciguc,
I M (11{' ]:i51 Ell.;LgC 1 1.111C1 '' N/101111,111Pg LJ
usl La I t m 'had JEK;11.'ilift".(1 IliS I iSOL)1 I - fOr hc hulk of what, in
thcofv, shiorvii 41cilionsiritccl-CM LI IC 4LINILC;31. ou•ili5
Profcqsor [-reud.. at this point ] find it flitik to ask whetFier, ge-
knowledge, or h al a rs h p, lid El f Cpi h LC1 I1E3h}gy WI i {10111 i mitc: UL
netically or 5t FUC turally„ 'LS TCa Ely a le 'iv i h
C C ieritihc C4 ,II111 -1 111.11i t I (FIC 1)11j1 - •I .tvity EJ I hisic Pi S
t]i.It tine shuilif it is knolvahle.. oidy when [midi
alt. archivist. or tiic sociolc.igist, • the Ilse velefence
irv o rk will dIvpc...n4...1., t).111
stable dICEIlt5 arid t.hc rte 1 at is e ex [Cr ioritv i rl rc] ation to thc
111.0'..5.' 11W 'h (Ty tclins .1.J 1c1 ic.rehic• r 4.- Li) 1K: d [incl. I .
L Eyarticul.a.rly LJI EC lat1011. acC[11'4C: LICttr1.1111Fid aifrad
now, leaving tile se mant ic n cl e pi Etrill esti.on s • ci fi
gwelv , .111C prig 01 1L] a (3y MSC' 0111 y rireettrnpintr,.
wAnt .only to know v..1-ictlier you ulturnotelv cirnc belit-ye it to
thus tt-ritiichible in :I. f1L11.31T clocritiirmhic• as FL Mire pr<L&cni
E.31.. so_ 11
it Ili tin linn oFtli.ronnstmivr. r 1 lie prr r 111.aCi 12C, crc. Th is hOW
p an C.3 inlerpFrt rerim rk. in (le " in pssing, concerning the
enspFlasizes you: wimi is iinporl :int is not sn much
ti15[:(1vcry anti uneN)ected publication, in 1980., ut the privatc
FE1 rtf: w h CO' Ff C1111 Slir'111.11d Srly J.1CILC Ellif51('fIVIr I", ILI 14 Al
arc:11111A: (]1 : !";.1 H. IA pliC I rCi U. 1.1 iSi■Cele cry, Yerurslialtui outes,.
-

re:ud). rickciiiwictiged it in a - the fact that he 5h.onid :my it, " SI LOU LC I ;16;C) Sr PIC ED FC.13 il IC I. UN Of 110V. i 1 LLCM (L .131421.0 ;UR! tun
biro ( you") with, his mouth, arid sign it he.rict EDnh 165 kallrl e, n y ch 3111 LSI 11+1 i 11 ta Lir rctli..)11St t jun.!. 0l ' histury 4.)f
- .
t1IC
 1 1.53't EICI;LI] :il vsls, IMO tilt: mounds in tnalterioh unpubh.slicil or
1 ..":“ricteel arc made 1411. incoinpicirticss
of the A rtIOVC, And 1.11115. A Cel•:Lill LleterM111:11 1 111L• 1~I/1111C,
i dol COCISIdernrUM by the histnrian iii nn• "recoil-
N1111(111.1 iN: i;114.1211 ,
SI 1 111C111.1115. Of the history of mic hoarialysi_" Now this incomplete-
-
ness is of an entirely diiferrnt order from that of the future which
is in question at the end -Mcmologne." [In. the Jill...Idle the
whar W_IS in Llitestion WAS SIL11 all 111.41J114 1.ICtet1C'r5; 41111.I1 A In
titre that I•IIIng in the normal of scienitiric Iii ow uSS. Without
doli13r, at the end of the "Moriologue" Y•ruslialini again allutics
to the future of some lu turc 11,-ork_" Rio the !inure of which he
"
!hen speaks, and above all when it Culict:rns the coliccptS of ScicliCC
EA 110.h. islm.c.․)., is not. LA C.FIR.Itlf Ur 111.1101C L' lICI7iL11.511ele
11C5.S. 1 t is no longer only the iipcnc
1)1'0 1:itilc]1iAl Llidetel(11111:1111311 "Jewish 1 fistory, C.:ulture s. and !,‘'...•Kiety ). He shares actively and
ill• oicliikary held scieniilic work in progrcss and always iinfin
islied, in partic tilar because nem.. ni •hiveS can srill he discoverod.
- -
Currie out 01 S-ccrc-cy or the larivaTC sphere, so as to undergo new
interprcuitions. ]t i 111.1 longcl qui. SLion of the slum time, iltc -
Saline r1C1c3, ;Ina CIF the .tialE1E: rclatioinLip to the archive_ At WC 1.11{)-
munt when the (lei-laws to tin: patriarch that it would he
ord< whether, genetically or si r psychtmnaly,ic
re;illy a Jewish science," and when tic adds: 'ilia we shall know, 21
IS Is at all law emphasis', only when much future work
Ills lxttl done. Nrlv.cll will eleventh IA COUMC, UL] 111 C VC1 y tcrms
1•f2)1.Ch And se rcntc ;IIC LLI l defutt. Ll:' at 11 ES 1110111,CM lie .1.11;11hgeC
-
registers and (lams In stri Ace., he siLsprriilS the .aXio--
inatii. .;IISSILIT:131CCN, 13011115. and rules which ha,1 served him until
-
now iri c)rganiznig the scientific work, tint ably historiographic
(Am...Limn, and in particular its rclanonship to the known and Un-
l{.11.0.W11 or er .1)1 kikowlcdgc, at
ThC were d . lekL}E 4.P1 4.10,551rall
knOWICLI)J,C, is Ntosiv ticd. At issuc Is Arlo! her contcpt of the lut41I c,
which wr will Fri urn_
Since I hw questions that dominate ihe soh lr. book, up. to this
"Monologue.," concern the relations between Judaism and science,
not.ahly iliai se ieutc which 3...6y4,:lwan,ilysis has waisted to lie,
Yernshalini 111C scholar pre5.utnei.1 F.;oninniouhly the knowledge. sif
"science and "Itidaisni meant.
- n 311 evaluation of the
-
•-c11we111.1111141 1 : PRIIT.T.v01;crEl• -",---"IMPIIII= --
1 1
chaiac.icr of psycliciaimliois will. in question, the historian
often simpwrct hiinsrli to be y s.ev.erc ar54i Appe.-11, con-
ci.rni lig what ht. in this book as in lak6or: Jewish kiistury and
Jewish Memory, Frtud's Lamarckisin car "psyclio Laniati,.:kit.m - -
I 1091 : w it is aii antiquity condeinnell by the state of science, of a
.
science which is not Ycruishalmi's scicitcc and ol which Inc nwokcs
r_ILC r4:54.i1t%, 5.1131.1, from the exterior, as. woklicl historian, who
would content liin,se If 1(3 record the rt sitlts ihat are validated. at .L
.
particular inninent., by a scientific community in which hr does riot
tit Lively pa rticipaic and 01 which he dcws not share the comptten-
:
cics, On the °dice YelLIShiblini accepts, we Cali $1.11,1)1}SC, that
he belongs to rlic scientific community of historians tir of sociolo.
-
gist ill parlhallicr f 111,:niVIS-E1 CLAIRIPE L (he is professor of
.
brilliantly in its productions.. he increases and refines its abilities.
But in wh;ii has to do with genetics or the history of life, lie
actxpis ilie tole of mull-al Etbscr•cr and. in Ow end of doxtrgraphc r.
I le must in this doinaiti things are more turbillrnt and
inrr
o opn
r i1' iniure than evti, more than :any' here else, and
not withour some relation Lu the future status of a re hivizat The
cpisTernaingical status that he claims for his discourse would tiros
-
taeril A 11E111:m01 study. liVr. shall Link: sct nail the c.'.at tography of the
borders he assigns hiltisuli. This is nut so ciisy, given 1.114.• ,
cif such hulks. h .SC1•1115 t hilt ill the 41111:11.1-trnality OF LI1V Wink, and
ill tSr [IIC thYCS114►1(1
, 01c author presents him -
self as a historian .k.ho claims m hold himself ddiberatelv exterior
to his .11.e historian. the subject of this historical k
edge,. clue, not tlien pres.eni as Li lexs ur .LS psycho-
As such. I IC treats the psychomlillytiC arChiliC EWA, 'IL:
rig1111 01 act cs% io which,. flu!
- thr evninalion or which
171/C notproprrly the affair enlicr of the jew or of the psychoanaly5t. -
On maw,- occaAions, Yerushalini claims this disiance as the very
condiiion for the history he intends to write_ He clues it, fur ex-
amyl..., Ii lititting iltuSc minis of Philippe AI in Liu: cXergut! of
his I.1sL chaptcs, 'inst. 'before ihr "Mcinologue —words that For ll
10. In a polar,• iii 1987 w11icI dews not apix3r in The first editiuli.
Ilk}' port (and LIN is 4 ai tt- it the L..LSC 1 .01 4.111.11. SL1VS 1114.1 4.113C3 '1111
gc.'11(- f ill) I find ninrr 11.1.an prolll•rnatic:
One 4-:nn rnakr 311 .311eMpf at the history Of behavior.. that is co
sav, at a psychological history, without being oneselleither a psy-
chologist ter a psvChoalialleM. 4.11n.1 What: kccping 0114:4ell At a di: -
tat -i•e from the thcorie•, tlIc 4•4.3Cabtlilai y MILL Inc-thuds of
trinckrn psy4. - hology, these very psy.
1.1.1 engage
clioloisis on their terrain. I lone is born a historian one becomes
jiNychulogist in one's warn fashion. [571
' lb express briefly lily perplexity MI this rIc1.1 it t,.trl11 1.3.11.y I do iliot
41:11r Yrroslialini's c..nlidonce when he cites much a remark , finding
in it come- backing no doubt, I wonder what it could incan to
"horn a historian'" 175i on nait historien . ") ;110 1.4.1 1.3',150 WIC 'S
authority on titiIrk ttl It cpislcmological 1HJIl1t Li! 41CW_ And ak.K.1 1/C
,1111, 4 ontemo [AM.?, KIIPIK)Sing L11.31., Ilk SUCIL Ck..1 11dillUll5, LAIC Ci..1 11/LI
rlrF ;L psy4:111.1.1Lrgi.C.1] history', this vicktdd 1LOt stii1Ficr NJ (141 a. hiSkro1 y r
y, even les.c 0.E psychnanalysis; and allOVe ;III 11.114 :it this
pi y C1101()g
i)oint where this science, this proj.ree for a scinler ;11 least, which is
called psychoanalysis, claims 10 transform tilt:: srAILIS Of the
ubjCCE, thC SICUCtill CC OF the ;Lrchivc, the colic-17 .w or "his-
irutli," indeed 41.f Si: it' I )4:[.. ill general, the mud-lock of dud-
phering thr archi.er, thy' implication of the subject in the space kr
claims to olli•elivh...e, :Ind notably The topology of X11 the internal•
external partil ions that structure this subject and make of him a
place for archives in relation to which no obiectivization Is pure,
um In truth passible, ltidk i5 to sat)'. cuttlpltt. ;aid 43. -
minable_ Lycli a dassical histuriali UI sLiunte should 110111.
inside tltr conlctit 1-.1 . 1114: of which he do.es the history.
Anil if this coot-col concerns in fact historiography, there is nn pod
rite oi good epistemology for authorizing oneself to I 1 i 1 i1 into
On c d e prives oneself in this rase• of . thr demi:man:
tunditiums, of Ike minimal semantic %l ability, and almost of thu
grammar %rhich Any/ cinr to speak nbout that of which OHL:
VCAS. To want re ..speak about psychoanalysis, to claim lo do thu
.
history of psychoanalysis Iron, a purely :ipsyeboanalytic point of
view, purified of all psychoanalysis., to the puint. of believing one
could erase Clic iraccs of any Freudian iniression, is I ikc claiming
the 3ight ILJ Speak NA01431kt knciwing what one's speaking ;41:tokn,
without evcit wanting to hear anything about it_ This structure Lc
riot only salid for the history of psychoanalysis, or for any discolirse
-
On psychoanalysis, it is valid at least for all the so-called social or
human sciences., but it rectiveN a sits golai utilcction here which wc
111115.1 eX.3.111i11C ;.1 bit 111 ,LJR: 411,n■Cly,
I n fact, Yerliskilriii knows that he IL- minor haws this exterinrity.
f e Iulow5 it t oo well. To liberate his discourse of all Freudian
preimpression is. not only impossible, it ...vuuld be illegitimate. But
as lie aka) (10-tML' t want to rCrl 04,3 n allcged constative and theo-
licialthility Illr classical stholar (Jr historian CIALMS
his norm, the 1 1 05ition of his discourse hum, it] any CAW in the IlFettCr
Fur of his book and before th.c: "Monologue," is double, r ciiiivocal,
liristable, I would even sav exquisitely tormented_ Doomed to de-
nial. sometimes awy.ved in its very denial. At once persecuted and
translated by tlic symptoms that call irresistibly liar a posts.cript,
'Lundy, this P.. 1 1.1 Lidoguy with FIT11(1;"which rCSCH1b]r5 ---- vir pre-
".
LCIL4IS 1.11 resemble the LH-ginning of an analysis arid the declared
confession of a transfer. Whether it resembles or pretends to re
this postscript undoubtedly carries, in truth. 111 its very Eic -
lion, the truth of the book_ This is marked in particular in the
trembling of a geStUre aittl the instability of the
refuses to INC ;II psychronalyst but .115C3 re frains from no! bring a
psyelloanalySt:
shall take. only two examples, precisely where they nife:CT a
liVe
double relationship to the archi%T.
"Hie first, [1.1c arch-exampfe; shows us the desire (1l.alk admit able
histurim who wantS SLIM ti1) 1)C E 11C first archivist, tin: first to
discover the archive, the archaeologist and perhaps the. arrlion
the an- lin:v. The first archivist institutes the archive as it shg.iiild be,
E.11;31 is to say, not only in exhibiting the document but inesteibiing
it_ I-le reads it, interprets kt, C.13.SS.CS it. In this case, what is in play is
all the more .serious. as flit'. dOCumcnt turns out to keep this inSCrip-
tion in I he form of .k 41L- CliCati(l, n LELIA ikcOMParkics a reiterated gift,
the second present. the rrstitution of the. Philippsohn Bible by the
arch-patriarch to pat ria Fell of psych 00 rialySiS, the present 1.vbich
Jakob son of Slieloinoh Field gm's CO Shelomob Sigmund
.
 Prclacl., tlllit ty-rnic years Mier a circumcision, which bcgins, t-
calling 0, hirn in naming the. Ark or the CoVen:ULL .ltd thE TablriZ
OF the Law, in stint that hc will he t he fir st
4-iuniyances
{ aft f'r Freud), indeed the only person (after Frcird) to open, i r rim To
hold, the archive of what he calls "one crucial episode," He would
I ike, as 1,vc will sec, to hr. the first here: the first afro. Freud,
the first
seciiiid, an eldest sari, !lir first s.CCunt.1 .3rld thUS fur a moniela alone
with Freud, ;done in sharing a secret. iI lc ks (crtainly not the only
one or the first to %maw- to be the First rifer •irivei and thus alonc
with FICIA; WV. have several others in FranCr, in that Prent•t line-
age from which Yerustialini seems to want to shield hirnsell—but
- as li unk the plague.)
nit the case, for what rcas4111 hc lic3ii.1142 Why
is he so e:rnbar•asserl about th e question as tea whether he procceds
in the Manner of those whom lie will later Lan "ordinary histi)ri
i861,
or already in the manner of a psychoanalyst historian, in
i)tlicr wurd.s, ui sonic in the manner of a;k inheritor iJL the
lineage of the 1lattri,Irsins cir arChliatriaidIES W.11054:. ilfiCheirT he dtd-
phrrs for the first timc, and "properly" I IC Sari prordy ms;ic c ,
" "
And ht clai.MS ti] be ,cit..•i,rher a?? analyst nap d notranalyst,. 4kn 'lug
at once ! thus not denying either MC. succes-
EVY'a hypeakneS
sively or simultaneously, The passage is as follows:
Mine is one crucial (Inside involving Jakcili and Sigmund
Frrncl which has not yes bcas properly assessed ceilE,11;isis], n u t
least because iT invOlVeS 1-felircw [ext which }Las (Fryer becn
properly transcribed [again my emphasis! (the k ad-
mittedly cltifieult), iet alone 4k/equate* glosseri 45 imy emphasis!.
!hit it is, Hi cflect,, the one ,..:;..tikonic.a/ text of Jakob Freud at our
.
disposAr. In Wh a t Follows I neither presume tc . dignify tuv rc(on.
struction as "psychoanalytic" (tii(migh it is no Icss srl !kin oflieS5
pretend to bu) (this will be a in3griificent :nut luminous
reading] nor, given the !imitations of a single text, do i claim
inoic Wait a partial insight. [701"
I I . l reCOMIlirmi item 45 113.1•• 31] to dun( who drily Lc
lurtiltr
Lrl 1 crus.h.aIrpi 5 corsTin ter iiiark at orkoc the priority
(14r rid owee
r -
Here now is the foflowing example, the example also of Mal
which roam% a Jecomi example of primo-secondarincss, Ole ex-
Jakob. 1:rcud.,
ample of this eldest I.Luit, of this seCOIld cicicst NC)111 Ur
ul this doul.,1,. m.actis of a ili5tOriail who rcitise5 without Nvallting to
refuse to be without being a psychomulysi. says to us.
in the condiconal tense what he would jay, and thus what he says,
if he were to permit himself what Ike thus pea miLs himself, ilJEEMly,
-
"the luxury of a. technical psychoanalytic terin •- -.an example of 'de-
fermi obcilience In : "s110121(1 I finally allow 1111yScICILlic !Warty' of a
trchnicni psychoanalytic term—an example of ideferted oh•rdi-
crice'177b At issue here is the deferred obedience of Freud to his
Father, of the patriarch to the arch-patriarch. (One has a hard time
halting the !.ietfience ;int.] 1.1w scene: in a kw minute:5, we will per-
haps speak of Yeruslialim's "'Litt:erred ohediencv." to each of 111eNc
figlireS Mid draw frOM this son1C1:0[14.71USiOrn.)
A precious doi.s.tirn•itury citiestion, niict again, of nrcharologi-
and of the detection of the archi•e. It Muer enS a
cal
single: sentence: in a SIM of
added this Nernence. AS an eXpreSSIMI (.31 retTM1 5.C., only
: - in 1935. c.me
ycal after the first sketch of Maw'. It is importact1 tti krill...," that this
scinen•c was oiniticil, "a4. ciciclitrillv," the Standard F.difirm s3ys, iii
-
the Gcsanzmeire Werke of 048; and it is also absent., and for gond
reason, from the French translation of Marie Bonaparte, which
dates from 1928, But this omission was maintained in later editions,
at least until 1950. One could add this small philological remark to
thc file Frctila illiPIISCIritNyestigatcs in chaittcr f, of Lhe essoy
or his Affmri [SE 23:11 Ii,], in the coursc of those rich prIgeS nn
archiwization, the oral tradition and the written tradition, biblical
exegesis,. b.istortography. and as the Ergsre1402gen, all the defor-
mailialiN; 451 tt!Xt WI11X+ lie compares to murders.. l now cite the
scutcni:c ♦dad l} p Frcutl ill 1935, as i1 1S citud by 'Ali
'
h r y wiLal iN ;pinny! laLr. LL Anti •l 1.;11 re pity<1
tr► It null cogiccrns tlic competition of I wo othcr transcriptions, pram! .1-
1 ♦ton 5.. ;Hid ♦inn .
Thc text, Seilbs,idarsiclltirwilr first ptiblislicd in Dic Mcdizin der Gegrn-
iPaht (1925.), uppraccLI LI L Fai t4li5.11 .4 . Ain Apialiattrophwal .5emei2i. ISE 20;7 701.
4
 dcep cikli,..1 . L.053ti)cm 113 111.e StE_Pry SuOil ki.S. I Ei;d1.1 Llifc LJt SLIALculiC %vim in1cul.[5;11 INICC RO a5suinc ;LIR! 1/01. 10 aNNI11.31C
nrd thr nut of rcdiriug) L13L1 , 15 [ rri.- E 1 . .1 111AC:d 111101 14 11147, ;In 1.1)i• II irOfet iCCP•SCLeElt111 1.' rrs.01115111)11.1Ey of s 41C11 4.N.)J10C1. 1 1, 1111.S IS ilIC-
e{kCt upon the die ection of rrty irr.e.rest. ISE 20 kvkl, C- 11.Cly tile SCC11(' rir " luxur which the conditional cricitit'tty de-
•

Yerushalrni 771 s•ribes.: "should allow myself the luxury ofa technicnI 4' 5 y -
chuanalytic tertn—art crEaritplc of "deferred olacclielit:c.'" play
1 crushahni iilttccE./cLs titc thicLJEllent 411thiCh this addlitiu.lt CuftSii-
1 .
15 alt tILC j ills IX'L%Y.V.111 if Lit [3 iliNd Ei ti L,. I L iLS.NLIEC5.1.11C
riirr%, tcri. 'ecars Liftcr (iyu Caitt011: L ILIiL'^ tit ilic 11-1471 . 1 kp it LSP articul.ate topet.hcr
lour cliapters of i`scltolarship" sec thrin%el.ers rin conforming
Sighifirmitly. the 12s1 sciiitenrc did nor apiw;ir in thiC firs' v.di- to the traditional norms. niscientificity, and ;:i Iasr chaiitc.•r of fictivr
tion. It was added only in 1935, the year afrcr the completion of monologue with 0 specttr who, at len5t rin longer re-
tILC .11LaJlik.n.CripE draft of 21,1 risei, 0114 now,
1 1C11-05poct, did sponds, But [Eie last chapter, the mos.( tictive, is Ce.rlaitilv fkoL tElL
suady i)fthr.. Bible on his II.fc,
l term if i1 dors not sdy like !null, it IrAled(Cd
FICLIC[ fr.:1114C the 11. 1.11 11Elpact ead 1It". [111 its
anti rtilly ark 11101.6.: 14 4: ii. In this Aensr. 11.(rAle-s
0111 %. flit] Olt' 1110141n the censr :.11 1 C.5
1 1.17.1. 51
i 1 2.1LgC
LISELII
C1)1.11{1. tit] S 4.P11 - 0.)11dC5-

rand Aironolhrism represeras, al last. a fuliiilmcni or inkoh chin. It inspircs. 7.45 nicthirig else 111 1JS about Ow 1(1.7th IJ[ • truill:
mandaic or—should I filhally tTlyselt the luxury of a about the history elf . the truth, as al...Jut the truth of the enigrnatic
technical [Thychounallytic Cxamplc tJ f "clefietrd ohe- clifkrelicc walittd !o mat k betlycen "rnatcrial truth - and
cliencc. - [771 - hi$turical truth. - ] .c..tuttol 1[1.3;3y:L.ILC a []0.tC1

1411.C.56011 011 . die :31"1:1115+-C tOlidy., VC.ty st.Akes of this verti g,i - .

•111 ;LE di rin [ dwe[hilik On his '-l ikiCrred 4)ig.'{FICE1CC H) (1 Will •101.1: hulks Lliiferctice,
first in pi] rrnttleSCS little sentence can Ow 'acci) llow does the this "ilrivrrircl oireclienct" FCmiri ac-
.1111:5041rVi. OF

113CM HI the irtmitdiatelv followed by another, cording to me, the two period$ c_If this boi)h.. 3 The 1) rhis
YErushalini dexs nut judging it tu Iic legitirnatcly 1:142yond the concept i,miciardgacile Gehorsam, al:ter the fact"), ;3'.; Yeru-
icniarks, 11C 1.7.1.111. iti5L bezforc 11;rol3t Chc fit's[ ci.11Liuq7 shahn] l'crlaCcs It in a few lines, goes kick to Triftlin did Ttlitint I 1
on, tbic sClitCrl“ 11.41111.1.1 ing ;Eh] faSCirlii(di liiupc which'
{leCklIT'd Proud nc)[cs [here- dim "Thr. IWC11131r stronger limit lhc
Frri34.1 had very early for what 'Dal win ' s4.143vs not . ..iccnrilancr the psyclkological prue,x4iur Irta
name Lamarck here.— ,,ke.rc able to prornis.e :3t the time for die fmiliair to us in psych14.5-analyws tiridcr F1 K' 14.1 (le: C..1C leferi . cd 13.13e-
t LiLuiu LaI scincc,) di.enCe " ISE 13 43 1_
' .

lit concept. a '11-leit:f (F1K 'WIC LAIN be uumptcel to Fruit] Ill's vtry COILvincmg sLagmg, driDA'S X511 tilt'
rccugnize 4.1r (hu keys Or, if yitI 114CFCC, ocic 01111C Scab of 'Jib. 441t15 411' 11LC$ , C:uiski.itg front 7:oreen aliyd thc "Lc4111.111Cili n -
(Jrkireiork. I mean of tbis IxxJk ].)v !cruchairrIi, icrist ecipt 111)ediellCe•' is rro3/4-rd anil ransicrrCci, here trAi.
hOOk (Fri Ihr ]1) Fact, klIc key Or [ht: sral, whivt signs ;mid with the re q.!! iFCtl ticiny. 4)ritri hinekc.11., From! the atlrhor of
offers to he is less a (Once tE14' .Freudian
coricept of - deferred The- dt:rrrrect titre becomes that or Sipn)und
ubedicnce' don its im[ileii]LJitatimAi by Yertish:31mi_ This Jakob, his futhcr:
mcntai ion lakes Fllic CumIcpL 5.4.'1E111.01,1t titking if, 1.15.U.S It With01.11(

It: it IE1CnriC111S rather L Ellin 1.3SCS it, 45 iprr acf.( theorist lo4.0.1,11ii
IL -
]3, It i5 s []; u.s_age Lilac J M13111tCti !4J LLLICipseL pre.luusly, LEY its relationship
" I-
:

Say; it inak c s i1 con<cpt (Brgyr:Th out of it %-whieh i IL turn grasps with

C4.1 thIC CnigIch cif Slit [RV and tviih rc rc re ncr Mar KiII i. Vor pierri tr.110/r1.7...
out gra2iping, comprehends v• . ilhout taking. Arid this double ge.s- - I'r6)11,g6s; 1)evani la
 writing ilifwes Lind Plionutherim he belatedly obeys the father
2. 1 It rvturnsiit ttl rib to the ninirnsi•c study Of the
-

n4I his alaudate by returning tea th ilrteILSti.0 Andy Ur tilt'

3_ Ile nuiintains his int1 peradrnec. Misnicking a -doubly fir:
-

Bible, LIM al the same lime lir 111.1.1111talliS indepe ndenc e If

his rather through his intcrpri..tation, rejects the "material
truth" of the biblical nar rative bin
"historical truth," [78)
titions piirricide, lie argues bitterly with a In:1Stcr whose psycho-
analytic rules and pTelnikes. he accepts, He also interiorizes the
reiliiCt.'S in his discovery of its
of the piittrarch, at least in respecting the "acecirchng
41iscutirm!
to you" of the lc diarakh. ralritudn: terfitini4.1 All these
signs remind Ills rh.tt licT11:51131nli also ' 4 1 1dal[ctily obeys the Iii 114:1':
.

"Where dn•s this leave us?" Yet lush:11mi Ink s before praising Lou
whether he wants to or not_ I le identifies with him while intcritir-
. -

A RdleaS-Salrirlte". Who SAIS Sit(' rc;id lk 11('W fi It In Of tilt relit i n of

izing him like a phantom who speaks in him before him_ He offers
"

the repressed" in 214oses, this rime in the form of "phantoms mit

HOt
him liospitality and goes st1 far as to confess LO ltim nor without
of ihr past" but rather in the. form of what one could cAll a "tri-
fri-,24.ir: you ...tic rt-al and, kit ine, curiously present" 181 J.
-

umph of lire:" The afterlife Istervivancd no lunge' nieans. death and

Now kl us 1 iu L farget, this IS also the Fili.intoin of an cxpert in
the re1411 n ctrl LEIC SIV4ACII 1)0E die SO I v 7'1 2 1.1 Lg 4.PIA 11 C.X.LUSS (.1.1 which phantoms. The experi had even stressed that what is most lint:rest-
lesistg Anniflikaion ("the survival of the [oust IriLilrL I all , Ilat yjEa I de
ing in repression is what one does not nianage to repress. The
781.. -mentsofrhpa")1
phantom thus makes the law—even. and more than ever. whin,
.

Two paws later, at the beginning of the ' 7%1. 0[101010.W Wir h
OEM contests him. Like the father of Hamlet behuid his visor ., and
dare% to address himself to Freud. Thus he
TCLIIS11411[1[Li
by virl4.14: 4.,f a vicar rtfccr, kill: specter secs without. being secs. fie
himself spcak.c to one or these phantoms ucit of the past." This
le rinds am]
-

rims rel:SL ;1 iSIWC Iltirri .11 110111V. I

111:537 LOI have
fainter: "T1Lou a ir
SC-MIS 1.0 Caine.- straight tft13
repeated in the very protest one clain-is to oppose to hint, He dic-
a S- holler: speak c 01 it, the patcrnal
,

specter of Professor Frtiod. This is Lill II
precedented scene in the history of psychoanalysis. Though I
would lit r to, 1 cannot do justice either m the veiled richness or to
the bottomless iru.Ik (hi.% extraordinary "M000logue," during
tates even the words of the person, who add rrsses him, for example
ncornimill anti perhaps un-
the strange word "engrossment": after having used it to translate
Fretitl's licht,:c1 confession about his impregnation by biblical cul-
ture, Wriishalmi applies it now to dehberatel y CMr not, to
describe his own investment in this archive r4 Freud whieh has
-

which a historian has dated to cross A Inuit before whic.11"ordiriary

become. a sort of ]dale for him, a spectral Billie. 1--Te speaks or his
histe,rians [861 have always been intimidated, I sh. o ll hob I r1] self,
-

"engrossment": by or in Freuifl. corpus. With a gesrurc in which it

once again, iv the instance of rhe archive. And I shall L]nrl I1tccll ^
Its inipassible to disc<rit butween lOve and hate, but also between
teach nothing to. the author of this great "Monologue with Freud'
!hen simulacral doubles, Yeruslialmi painfully, laboriously justifies
as I velittne a few rvitarks which, obedient in turn, I will group
Fretkl, one W4 ail alnio0 say in nskilig for his fo r g ive-
tinder thr. iitEe oi cl•rerred SFI dic IWu. "
-H
ness. He even recalls, if one must believe him, that, unlike other
\ V h rich' No longer I ) the obedienct.• "atter thr fart Frcui I fir
-
inheritors and wayward sons, he has not looked for the secrets nr
speaks of in 'Totem and Talmo, Jio longer (2) the out: Yertislialtni
l • e:akitcsscs of the Master, of ale one Whin remains, like Gocthe.,
speAs of (that of Sigmund to Jakob. his father), bur indeed (3) the
tlirough the. -au.tobingi 3[1.1111C41 I 1 minds, a careful
- COFIC eilh: I " :
deferred t.1 iILI v of 'erushilr]Ti irk respeci to Freud.
!..c1. Lis Lleseribe this tjJllt of rcpeiitton with. the words Yerush-
113VC nu t rei rninaged L ELrough your hie in searc h of flaws. Th
al:11i re 5C.I'VC5 fair Firuid:
uncovered by others in recent years have not affected my en
E. Yr:rush:11mi in turn addrcptc.s h whr an last and 'bulatediy g E US513 ken( in your uncommon achievement, which continues to
-

Prettcrs phantom with. filial respect-

pursue lift' "like an ghost." IS/
 Naturally, liv all Lippe:tonics, .kvc. lw1irvr .1:c
1 know that the Phan
torso dors r?rd fecpmrri. I le will never 1iglin I C'SpOrld, Verushaltiti
knows it. (Ali the ST onLgiii of mare ilian one reason. Frekid will
never again speak.
I. 1 lc will [weer again respond in 1111.0 rtiture because he had
airradY responded, and 1.Acti with what Yeruslialiiii wants to hear
from Ilk. lies to : '..111rsr..111 for examplc, more than hall a cciitiny
1 a priori it shows Freud to be right? Can one nor claim that the very
earhcr.
2. fie will never again respond hecntise he will have ken in a
pusillon to Filan e, already, ai lwayj respondcd.
3. I Ett ttitII licver again respond because it is a plialituM., thus 2
person.
4. I le tiS ill ricvcr respon4 I lict'aus.r it is di(' phantom, 4).1
a fl rialvst; and perhaps because the analyst withdraw En this
spectral position, the place of the (lead person, from which, lenvi
vite to sp4....ak, he Makin one Spcak, nc!ver responding except to si
lerne iiintscl , only bricig slictic It) let Ellf! .speak, lung enough
to transfer, to intriprrt, to
So here k 4vhat wr belief'{ We 4:now ai Icast„ here is dlr. appr:i r.
ante: the other will never again re.spond. Now in spite of these
necc:.ssii les, these oh 'too 5 facts and these substantiated certitUdes, in
Wile of 411 the IC;INS111ring assLo a I LCCS which sitich a knowing or such
a believing•to-km:0.v despriliSCS 1.0 its, thitoliSh diet'.], the phantom
rontirtiLlus lo !circa k, he clues 11.01 1- C ipc1.1111, but he 71)caks. A
phantom speaks. What dory this mean? the firs' place oir in a
preliminan' 'ev , this en4.-.aras that williCnit respondi n g i.t disperses of
a response, a bit like the answering machine whose voKe outlives
us 111011'1CM Lif ft.`4:0141in1 : dead, now.
Call! the L.11.114i.f pi..TS.4. 1 13 LS
wherh...-r you kni.ox it car not, alid the voice responds lo y o u, in a
very precise EiChinn, 5inlictuncs Cheerfully, it instructs you, it
- the last word is offered to him. The right to speak is left, given Cir
cvt.11 give you instructiuns, trikike &A...Lir:1.00ns co you, add rc.•ss your
icqutsts, prayers, promises, trilunctions. Slipposing, cow:4.w) nem
(ifiro, that a living being eves iesponds in an absolutely living 1.11.si .
infinitely aclj tilarnicip witholut the least ailornatisin t
cvei Living an archiVal lechilkilie overflow the singularity
of an evc. nt„ we know in any ease that a sprctral reSponw
in lo r ti tre [ by a techne and inscribed in an archive) is always possible,
There would be neither history nor tradition ILCrr culture vi,-ithout
that possibility. lt is this that we arc speaking til here._ It is this,
truth, that we crust answer for.
',err cannot' reconstitute litre the virttial ex<liange of Lpacstions
and answers ser in motion in such a "Monologue" on the subject of
the very to:zeta of Moses. Thuc; entire tal mudico-psychoanaly tic dis.-
cussion is lasdnating and passiotialle. But can one not then say that
structure of this scene., the formal logic of the arguments. the to
1_14 01( Ty arid the slratrgy of the interhx:utors or spectral)
shov... Freud re ; p?ght, even and, perhaps-. abOve :311 where he is
-
kV Wilk, 110111 the point ul view 131 H:aerial [rut li" I Even where the
...
dead pCJ'S.IJU may be Will to dcalh F.1 Cud hkc .so many othifn,
from Tig1oS4..6' where ltc is accused of so many short-
Coillin•s by the one who proceeds while teprariltg "I repeat: I do
not blame you' [981?
- To do tustice." Yet again, I. would like to but cannot ego justice
to Elie inleiisc and rich discussii,n staged by this final. Monologue."'
-
El I shotilli fail to do it, which sect its to nit: 4.1111(_Pitilliattly iiieV UAW,
it is not title only to sonic limit or another (personal, fatttial,, alas
real), it is not due even to the lack of time. This fatal "injustice" is
due to the necessity of showing, a priori, the person occupying the
poiitiorl ul Freud here to be tighi, This is the strange %ioltiice
would like to speak of (also out of cuncern fur justice, because I
shall no doubt lx of Concerri for justice) while waking
myself ill TOCII gklilly of it a priori.
Simultaneously fictive and effective, taut, dramatic, as generous
as it is Oriplaclible. th115 " Monologu e " clots not deprive the other of
his rigid to si walk, Ncit Without injustice can one say that Fr C41(1 hats
rii) C11.1.11Ce to speak. F le is ihe first to speak, in a (Crtillik
1(I- hint I justify any one of these three
'MALY ruses] 6101'5 to
6
words. What interests me here, in the first plar.e, is the nearly'}b r-
mai fatality of a peL to, niative effect.
fI to this Formality, renouncing the
%hall II;INC 10 limit myself
detailed discussion oF the ronlynt of tile analySeS. But before IT-
turning to this structural fatality, I would like to give an ex-
ample, at least in [larentheses and only as an indication, of what
 this discnNsion icilL1141 IOC. At the beginning, cif dic "Monologue with
documents, .symptoctis in the Jewish. mernory and even in the
Freud," 1.1.aving himself on cernun citations of the Hidrash,
113C131.01le Of humanity. Only the texts of this archive are not read -

shalmi proposes a lirst conclusion r( "Professor Freud": able according to the pat Its c if ordinary Itistory".111.(1 this is the very
-

tele.... a CI Ce rIf 1)5yellifka n ;11 if Si 5, if it has one.

Moses had actually been 11)Y our forefathers.,
would the murder not have been repressed hut on the
trary—ir would have been remembered and recorded li.e.„ ar
Let us go further, keeping close to the example chosen by
C011-
Yerushalmi, who has the courage and the merit, the temerity eve(1,
to cite nut only the Hible hilt rabbis in the Midrash who arc still
- -

(hived], ugerh. and implacably, in the moct vivid detail, the

mute "explicit - than the Mille in testifying at least about an al-
quintessential and ultimate exemplum of the sin of Israel's diso-
leolpird murder
lk..dience.1185]

Anti the entire aunnaunity thrcatened to stone them with sfarrer

This in my opinion, is the sinews of the argument in this book.
(Numbers 14:10). And who were they Moses and Aaron_ Min
to a ffirm this, '11".cruslialini must again suppose that tlteCintl ra-
he verse continues] rehrn the glory of . Mc LGliar Uppearcel IrAr the
dicticfn between the act or inernpOly or of archivization on the one
(cat tr••neeting burin all the chriduerr of' Israel]. This teal•iv:a us that
hand and repression on the other remains irreducible_ As if one
they lilt'' I.sraelitesT were throwing stones and the Cloud (or the
4. Lould nut, prcetselv.recali kuid aDLELIV.0 dire Very iliingl.3.11( N.•.1('`5Se5,
Lord's t;lory I woo Ed intercept them_
archiwc it while repyess.ing it (because repression :15 ;irchivi-43-
tion),. Iliac is to say, to archive irdhcrturse, 10 repress the archive while
Yeruslialmi seems to conclude —and to want to convince Profes-
archiving the repression., Otherwise, of course, and !lint IS the whole -
sor Freud —that if in fact they walited tea kiR MOWS (awl A411 ma),
problem, than according to the current, conscious, pa tent modes of
and if this intention has indeed remained in the memory and in
archiv ization; (ahem/Eire, (hal is to say, according to the paths which
i he archive, what counts is that the Isrmlites did not "actually" kill
have called to pi.y L;.1] V tic deciphering, bitiutli ntp.sychualialy-
hint- This conclusion appears to be doubly fragile. And even from
sis itself. I II )1A, 4:;in Vcruslialini he sure that the intirdcr in sitietion.
the Midrash point of view in question_ First, without needing to
has not been abuiklantly recalled and .3 rchived rrentembeicil 411 Ili]
con' arks: 11:5y019anallySi5 yet, rceogni-Le that if the mur-
recorded") in the inctriory of Israel? How can he claim to prrwe an der did not take place, if remained virtual, if ii only almost took
akvicnrc of archive? How doe one prove in general an absence of
plac.:e, the inientinti to AN u.w effective, actual, and in truth imam, -
archive, af nut in relying ail classical nurins (presence/absence of
phrhed. There was acting our, the symes were thrown in bract. the-v
literal and explicit reference to this Lit to that, to a this of to a that
continued to be thrown while only divine intervention intercepted
which one supposes to be ideritkal to themselves, and simply ab
them. Alit crime was not interrupted at any moment by Israelites
se n t.acitemrly absc. rir, if they are t1c Ft present, acurilly present.,
theiii,elves, going I VI..1 iotther than. their fl.ispended intention, or re-
how can one nor, and why not, take intu account tenconiciote, and 65
nouncing in the face id the sin. There was 1111LIS nor only ins-en/ J:01J
itior.c generally Virlifal arChils.T5)? Now Yeiuslialini knows- very well bur attempt to murder, dieViVe. (lariat attempt, which only An ex-
iliat 1:reitcr, itHcntiol.1 iS tta analyze, across the apparent..1b5.en.(4.-
terior cause {a jurist would say an accident) diverted_ Second, and
inerilory and 4411N:hive, all kinds of sylnivioins, signs, figiloe,i,
this time taking into account a psychoanalytic logic, what differ-
taphurs, and metonymies that attest, at leam virtually, an archival
i < is there betwcen a murder and an intention [0 murder ( a b r wc
docuincrirmion where the "ordinary historian identifies none.
I'll if it is acted out, hilt even if it is not Milli- der, even if the M101160111
-

Whether One gyres along with hirn or not in his demonstration,

does not hi:Tonle attempt to murder)? Murder begins with the in-
Freud Lluitilc4.1 111;11 the .111Uttler 01 Moses Arctivcs,
ientirm to kill. The unconscious. does not know the difference here

mr1+1.1.+11**W ..r....P11.—... '.11 '. 111111=MiLMW■.a.MMAKA•ra■OlP=•■--r.- - -



15 r.V.Ve4:111 ii C 'A 01.Lial and the

. LITE inLentil..1111 .111{1 Ebal Lliece is w.01.11 1.11k4.111.a r'hive fur (Eic
. Lial .F.Lar what ]1:1.1,1KEIS
rcrtAirl J11 (1.11s111 i.4154), by ili• pi al 'vas( 4.1tics nast Innari ilk virmal tFric:C ;41.11.1 1 hart.31.)' this ill
on the manner in which the conscious (as ri AS
We.. LPN Or III( prOgiCSS, 13.4.1t It will be necessary, tu keep a rigorous :Account of
InOr;111. 1.; arc:or-11rd to it) distributes the relations of the vii Lual. IA the other virtuality. to abandon or restructure from top to bottom. our
iiii•nrion.al„...incl 0.0 actoal- VV will nu•eir have hE L llttl , Ivc 11.2 YI: inherited Cariccpt 'orate archive. The moment has come to accept
111011 ui irild'5 Iwgitri, el mixing the ethico coriscilticnees 5tirriiig in our concinu.i.il archive, anfl iii it cross Li logic
hi-0311 1.1. 115_ 111 :lily rice, thr. 1.3nrcalsci4,41.1 iniay Furey 144. ]}t liLe incrvii5ry
- of ale imconcci,was with ri - thinking of the
archive of the intention to kill, of the Awing .13111 Or [his no long.or hy the tradiri.ortil philosnrhicii (3ppiiririll
dcsire EL] kill (as i t is attested by the Texts "ierushalnli hirnself eitcs, tween ;'ICt Hncl power.)
3E) pal 1JiIi ;angular Lher42 has b.r.e n reprc 5-
ILE1(1; bccalks.c a rep. elis.ion Aso ..tr< in rs *I which IL dissiloul.atc". 1 1.1.$ FCILI111 ti) WiloiLt WC Called a. 111u111CJit ago the f tat] and
or cncryplk 11Se What 1114JrC, Yb•C' 5C4: 1. 01•CIE ILL! [Lc repres- ft/J.01.Iva otpn ail it of al prril.31 1 1141.[INC - FC1A. This .C[1:1:Ct is Chit: i.E.P
sion i.s.rris not all rhat efficient'. the will w kill, thCailiElg 0110 011.41 ilIC the siwrotofy of the '`Nlori,..logue does, in I lie seem' lit• thinks lie -

attempt ECP Tr11.1rdCr Ore avOvir'ed, they are literally iniseribud in die can organize, while playing or assuming a certain rote in it. This
archive_ ff Moses was noc killed, it is only [hanks to C.;i3(1. effect seems to show the phantom to be right, in the very place
thcium..lves.„ 11)i- 1.5rAdite5, who wanted to. kill iquses, Veluli[d 1.3.2 yc -
where he could. perh;ips, lx wrong arid lose in the conflict of ar-
kitIci] him: i rvrrvtliing to kill guments_ nt'i•alie. lilt' 14.TV.:1015, 11114.1 i1 f.01.11.d nor 1)c
F^krCie e, Yrri.l.chahni declArecl.: - The anctet loirviiALs 7 ev•rydtinx Say5 1.}011 . 1 7.1110 11L1 the rcl urn L31
whuthur, if Mows hai.] bcrri Inurdcred in the wilderness, phringorms :111(1, %VOICES Of IIALT1ISLINIIIIi, ;1110U! rhr LI I ['MN C

would have licn forp.A.ien or concealed' [841. And everything in PlgO]1. of Fathur :anti si.313 [951_ On C.r.31.3k1
.1 ibis in c.[V01 11_ SkLch
.

his 'cm Jusporids .17 2. Now 1115tCad bignifying. as he believes he rcpt.!' "Lion aliC512.1 tI iRL lii-51.01 1 C31, "mai" wll ieil CIO brcauli or
IL - . - mate.-
Lan 1.1;.11111, Lilt 13Lui Lice did [lot lc...Lye ;Lay 4irch.i . es it is hil-cause
. rml. Ii Lail " WI1H1 etmlirnis or .1313tonstralles r-
It chi] ❑ H)it 1.3ke place, it rciL41 the 14:ALs h• ]iii135CII LitcN to 13111 truth or Fro.LA Airkgc.i is nu( Frtucr book, -or tlic argtiiimnt
coriehifie the contrary: the inteniiim ti) kill Imo, clfective, die clepLoyD.1 111.cm with rriorc or less pertinence. It is 150t. the Contents
out also, this left an archive, and even. if there had .110( been, &Cling, Of this - FilistrNricol novel"; it is rather the scene of reading it pros
Out (.1.0 the desire, the unco.riscious would have been able to keep th.e yokes a.rid in which the reader is inscribed in advance. For example
rehivc 0( the [11.3fC criminal intentiOn, of its SU5p:11.Slun. of of iLS in a tictive monologue %Ouch, in reading, contesting. or Ln caEling
rEpre.ssiork. Ail 1111;5, 11 1.vottld seem, without Itav ii ig Eu 1.Lkt 10 Ffrud, repe_its in :Hi t.y.vinpl.nre ilishion the` logic of the tweiN1
sicies Ovhi•hl T it17 Mai dOing), hie ciii thy' Illogical !Tailing ii iv ishcrw. six:Orr vi.ts dcscrLIK411:Lrd wIsissicstrucrurr was ni [ler 14)3 inecl."
-

whole of this rirgiuncntation. Ain-W. And to extend the problemirric by die historic rye novel. The Frelid of rhic 1;)..eiffitif ikitrAfing is intierd
field r,in arc/role 12f fAC c...r.Kek..21., in its greatest generality. through- Yeriishalrcri`. StrOngi: EC:Wit Of this performative Rpe-
out and bviond psychoanalysis. The topology and die .nomolog „ ,
tition, eifectika.tion of this eiwelincne.„ in any
we have aiLdl.yr_r4 up to !pow were able to ncoessitate., as absp• CkIT1L)Ji1 raik:!:1/4„ is R ui.L T le I i intetpretalioli L f (lit
]Li(cl.y inaispensahlc 1.11.Cjitti wed crllil: 4.1c i ciafiry taf dile
. . archivc (1)crILL, Cor (L5.. 1.111114, Yerudialuirst__L3L3i_
!Nook) can only 11_
9 .1- naLc7

the reality, as they say', of the archived Virr13411 its oNerl, namely at given in.lic-ritrince, by
will become of this when we will indeed have IR) re. 1.ri.LJ Lio
:_ CE.113 - inscrIing itself into- it that is t.i.) soy liy opening it and by enriching
cept of virtuality from the couple that opposes it to aCELIAilLy, it cflohigh 11 :We right1131. place in it There.
effectivny, or 10 reality? 'Will we 1)e obliged to continue thulking l 'icrus11:31.nii`s151,tok, 111,61.0 1.31g jig iierive nicirtolug
. rnrt h ke-
longs La theci ITO'S OI 1 =.i cu.(' (nd of Suscs CU.), 1.•hos• murk. ,
The three doors of the future TO come resemble each other to the
als.4.3 Ca !VIC The err thaL this e{1111.1.15 111115 IllanIC ASO feln.Lill }whir of Ctil111.1S14)31, :111C1C12.1.1 1 but they differ between thennelves:
SpIXIT:11 is 1101- 111.31):1. gellIC•ral 1111(11.111" of every 4111. 1:111VV. By incor- least ill that the• ' egularly turn on their hinges to open, one onto

porating knowledge deployed in rrr t.rcnec to it, the :irc-hiv(• .

the 0111r1% T he'ir tO130-1Ogie thus retnains
' properly dixorientiv, nric
Jirginents itsell. engrosses itself, if gains in aeiaor la s. But in the contintiaily has. the freling of getting lost while retracing one's steps
.

sarnc Sti ukc it loses the . ..kb:White iin11 111Cla-tCX11.1 I alltIllAlty it IL Light Ica revenant curses pas]. What is a door tlinEig where it opens onto a
dal') " 143 (
. hie Will IlIC:Vc:1 LFC iiblc LLt 011111:f1IVIWIC it 54. i1.11 nu r e -
Hoot.' And above witc.i. a door one has a dr d y Epanwc.1 through,
r1 air The Archivist prcolliiLcs inure A rchirc, and that the in the pir,sagc of what tt pass, in Idle passage to come.?
archive is flievcr •loscrt It opens out of the future, In ha riii lig !hem- doors, I think or r.irhrr 1 dream iiiVt'alter !kirk,
I low Carl ttirc think about this total repetition,. about rendition ill jamin. IIl Iris Macs on the Philosophy of ififfory, he designates tin-
general in its I dal ionship to memory and the archive? It is cam 10 narrow door" for the passage of the Nlessiah, "at each second. -

perceive, if not to interpret, thc iictcsIlly of such a ICIatiOLISIII1p, at And he recalls also that 'for the Jews the future. to come nonethe-
)reuse if 4.)1 LC 1 ISCJCI.LtrS the aRilli•r i .13 I 1.301.1. ral ty auk: is it I veLi• teinjited le..-N24 slues not LICI....13.111e a huniogeneous and empty time" [ I :2.702].
to do, \vial repctiiiiiin, and rendition with the past. But it is the Virlut could he have meant? (.11, :at least foi the time whni
future that is at 1NS11.t! 11C1-(f, and the archive as 311 I Ifi'Cl1.1(ible c Xpc- -
can we understand iii this rcri-mrk or make it say, ihis remark
rtruce: l) the fOtUre. ahont the door of a future to conic whose time would not [lc
And if thefc is a Single 1.1alt abiiiit Which trusllllelll remains hutliogt iwou.s?
intra•tablc, if thrrC iN :din malion shieli.kd ii Ulll 311 4.11.SCILLYESitill Allow Inc thus to 10C-aliLC and iduntify villa' I call the three doors
(])4).1 C11CX1(1311•riC taliiiiiclic), an unconditional nifirrnation, it is the L1 !die future. to aiinW, 41. I bc]icvc I Can C01.111/ 111C121 in the "M o no•
mill rotation of the I:ittlire ki cnme [Ai t d (ill Fit' 114:11, I prefer say- ...•ith Freud, -

ing this with the to-eoinc ni the .21...rnir rather 1 han thiz feetur so as . The 'aft door opens, of cOlir se, at the last sentence r he I mot:. A
to point toward the corning of an event rather than toward some remarkable and necessary location, decisive precisely where noih-

kp
twine preNcra). ing is 4.1ecided, It is not by thanct that this last door takes the form
The afiiI111;11 ion i,t I he umr: this is not :1 1105 111.1VI: 1.11.1:5 IS. of 3 [Frill Clic procui5c of a ..tc,:rtt kept secret . What happcits
It is nothing utiles than the ion Itscli t he yes," 111Nlifar ;is
- wli•n historian prolniscs to kccp st,N,:rrt on tlic subject of an ,i1-
it is the condition of all promises or of all hope, of all awaiting, of CltivC which is yet to ix- established? Who does this? Is he still a
all peels), inati•ity, ol: all opening the •t.iture, whatever it historian? 'Fri whom does he prrirnise> 13clore whom? Refiii-e.. whal
may be, for science or lOr religion. I ain prepared to subscribe +.v1.111- law? 13cloni: what specter and before what witness does Yerushaltrii
.011 [CM:3 vc lo Lhis reaffirmation made toy Yeruslialmi. With a spcck pretena to commit hiinscli for the future to keep Freud's response
olarocirty. in ihr hack 411 1 roy niiitd, singlc oiarixi&-ty alinot secret when he declares to him Ili t154.1 13.S1 words Of tlic 1..1 ,110k:
a solitary point, which is not just ;my point. I will speciry it " I P 1CaSe tell me, Professor, I 111011111SC 1 gellOrl ' l reVe011 p11,11 ;tirwcr to 69
more preci:ijoil in a moment. This unitiue point can be reduced,.
ilidC.Cd, Cu tale Unik1L1 ,C.. to the unity of the 0314 or the UnioliC. How could the person who pr oiniseN a secret to a specter steel
Tlic sanic affirmation Of the Butler Lo come is reheated sc'ycl al dare to say he is a historian? We would not believe him, even if ht.
liincs. IL coniCS 1134:1: 11•415.1 ;ICC 1.1f(1111,4 thice pretclick.LI to address thc Prollestit as a colleague or it a taster. Tin! -

;l/50 1S1:1115.111 11311- C pla<cs o f opening_ 1.rt us givr thrill th• name 4)1 the pas.!, YCIUSE131.111ii says this. hillasclf al
. .;131. til.K;i1Cs 115nly
11 .154.01 1
of doors. the end of In. first of his texts that 1 read, a text about th.• Mar.
,
 ranos, with whom have Lil•ays secrelly dun'i
anyone) and whose crypto-J otiair history licitly resciiildus that of
1.1,5yclioanalysis alter ;ill. Regarding- the "last PF far ranos,"
•Ell.C$;
But are they really lithe last'? I-fistory„ have recently %reit,
is fiot always rational, it is rarely Ion-seeable. Tricfierfire., if? A il? r iliblr"). l n 1.147i 11114: tlttiniticrn Of tlic two tends clef cm]s on
of ghr appeizrant ei, irliull•f remairm open_ The. hi.storirra:r rac,k, ho -
- c
is In fry to linelerltand Mr past_ It is tune for the historian (o
step aside to lei the speak_ I. firelintr and 'illtirshalin.i •1.1,
my
At the daft of this text on the Martanos (Land icrushalini always
d.iLes lixicc at t h inO, Diciit of signing or al cliiving his works, ac-
cordin g ter two the one and Ilie 4,11.11.el oitc), voila!
is 4at iSSLI • f .1:11" 111111 is kiting the images :1,EIC;Ik in a 1 -micpls •...I photo-
graphs., that is, ;mother species of 2i chive, Bin each time a
-
as such decides to "step aside and let . speak," ti:r example try let
;11 photograpliiiC SpeCter Of Fickid's pllatiballi in 1 hie triOnulogue
spc!ak, it is the sign 4 )1 respect before the fui Lift! tl) COMIC Of Illt!
11.IttirC 10 •01114•.. ThilS he is no longei ;L historian. Gi lod SC/13C tell%
111- these: a.5 no history Or :.1 rchive future to conac, A Instorion
as StIL:13 nevcr looks TO [h{, fititi re, which iii the end does noi concern
Brims. [hit meaning something else aliogether, is there a historian of
ills larerisrisc..a IliStortan 4)1 the first door?
]Cabin a (10tIble defillitiori open to the In-lure:
TlIC seCOrzil r1001
both that of Jewishness and that of science. 1)efinition crpcn to a
fUtlAit~ radically to COtne, WiLit:111 i to Say inacterinin.ate, deturritined
vidY by this oPriling uf . dic [mitre: to (on kC- 111141C1C.`f i ati U.L3 lin CC-
1,111). and doubly poicritialized, ininal ion en abyinc.
it il) 41 C14:/111113{'S One ind•rerniniatinn
hie one ham',
E the 'tlic. r [Jewishirtess
5r1C.1].Ce 211(1 science hy
Mc this esseliCuil passage a second time:
l i foremeir Freild p at this poilit I find it futile` to :ink whelh•r., gu-
rictiCally Of Strli•lurallY, P5Ychi.,;1.11.:1.1VS IS is really a Jewish sCielli:C 1.
that we shall know, flit it at all knozeabIe emphasisr, only
WbC11 Iii11(11 lUttlIC work has kc.`11 dune_ Mticli will drtiencl,
Of COLLIS(' 011 I LO 'IN the very tcrilis A-wish ... In d s cir acc JEC to lie
ddincd•
This rernark followed an allusion 1cM ninch flittlre work' and it
in
Opelleti t.0 infinity the gaping of the future in which the. very pos-
sibility Of Iin45w(edgc remained conditional Cif it is at All k now-
the fin LUC. In this equation with 'IMF Link rinwrIx, rink- the future of
science, in particular Thai c.pf psychoanalysis. will say whether this
science is Jewish, because it will tell LIS what science is and what
lc...rashness is. Kit only the fkil.1.1tc IA . Judaism ((Jr ratlicr of intcr-
ininAle J•wishness) will be ,able to guide and precedc a scietilx
Judaism (or r:arher of Jewishness), intici-(1 a Jewish wienee. Now
since the fiature of sci.ence can thus he correlaiivt• io
tlicre is t very task, or every chance,. that in this logical aporia, the
glIrStkOft is destined rtniain wt1.1101.1t response; without response
in any CaSc 111 the form of theoretical kilowI•tlgt or of cpisthni.
f•Tence, fon rhr +Whey /reefed,. :11 second [circa' Of intiC(Cini nat 6) 1 1 It i5
readable. in 1 Fic several suspensive words that leave a pussibilily
open: that this double question which hinds Jewishness and science
does nor come wrshrn the province: of 1(nowiedge and is hetcrligeneous
to all dieurctiCal Slat co IC I It: t h an we shall know, if al all lowv-
"
iibir.'" Having arrived at these last I ines 'Clic book, We still Cititilot
say ..inything pertinent abollt what hinds science and Jewisliness,
about what StahiliZe5 and guarantees the CCifieeptA (and this those
of Ihe ECIti in which are dependent on them). Norhing that seerns
l
relevant, I will say in passing that this is what neutral-
ii-cs Perkli 55 in Val idatea all that Yerushahlii hatl waritcd to dein-
onsiratc up to this IH,ilat. This is What thrcatcris it, at IC:LSE Ll3 it s
'
th e nor V;k1kL(.. if not in its draniatic effect or iI performative
-
richness_
Kul there is something more serious and 1)€t his littter: il3 I II
future, it is VC15: EFOSSillie. that the solution iii this equation tw
ULIkILOWIls will not corny. within thc 1.111111CrACtiCa.1
CLigg: p diva is 10 Of a declarative theorern. This k what is sug-
gested by it IN at silI kElfiWah1C, IP This epochal suspense gathers
in an act all the clingy of tliought, an energy of wirtuality,, for once
teriergria of a dynarnit).. The intensity 01 this suspension is vertigi,


•.and it giv cs YErt igu . giving thy only C.D3liClil lines or rilc. bixEk i t i s kv,prd "Jcwish' (which Call be LEic ailjcelivc
Whirl) 1 11r. FLitcirc to C433 11C it V
- C il (4.1 COLTIC. The for 11-rwishiness WCII :as for [4141:11srli)1liar 1 f-ruLihaimi 5L1r5 VC/I] ;4 115
-

C(1111(Iii.14)31 ctrl WIliCh the future rt rn,LIriS [0 (f)111C i. Rot Only that it to be defined in the future. Here k one 1 pr - passages that a re
not loc k1L(P4VE3, but that it not be knueziable a strzh. Its deter' ii.inatio3k most important to us on this su.bjecr. sh211 ernpliosizz (Main
SlinR114./ L1 13 lilligc.r cr.. n1r Lincict rho
, 4}1C1cr LI LK...Pledge (or phrases:
prcknowledge hot torhrr 3 coining car an event whit+. one

ditr../05 or JPh- rtnr to corm scring aJiy Lhi3 Ciairrl-e) in C Tridrrd, slit charm or it ;LII is dial Occli[51.1N is El 3' fri)311.:k[irls ti]
pe Eql Ce whishti is 11c.terogeneous to an taking. note, as to an). hori- the Rihle iisclf, where the entire relationship lictwcuri Cod rincl
zon of 25 51.3(11: that i5 to say, LE) tizable theOrcrris n5 Mari and esprriAlly betweeri God and Israel is the tense
snit. l L LS a question of this lot tO Cuttle art:IILVE: agora of Father and SOIL 'he dram,vic dith-rentiv lies Ywe err
1.L..iL1;cl I L.LS (Ilwr4:kikli45IL to iliC 1 C.LLI.1. 13 of wir.h.at rn die rEcorti of 111LC Un'edISI and pre-sem., but bu the a 12.thc1raBoca ul s pet E .
prcsciiic.cvl wt i;1t is or kravr b•ciL ibaggraly prcsvrit. this Ilia: hope in f1 firogyr. The-yr rs cr prmarkabie verse ":.,0 the law uf th t
0.114 1 I diSlingli1S1 . 1 it E34lic.. 411y from all rnes5i3CliS3
- 11_ ptuft hrts fola•hi 3: 24) I thin; ix my crriphaxic., rind ITere i one of
Chic , 3rchiwec which .,urcst to that a3 ki if:had On of Li 5[;ecific hope
Mu rd don, is also. the first, and w ILL al.1 Lady passed for the ruiltre"-an archive, according to am which
Lllrotigh q. A •E:IN ;Air,
liCr, YerLIS11almli had LICE.510yCtl 1.15C .11 . 1.1('S - ..11111 IC 1 4 V.`" E1
. WOTLI is very serious] which expresses
(3 4. 1 11 4 3 1 Ow illtUrC kliE)CtITLIS. r JIid '14 1 114111 1110 11.14] hy.ricillt- VISIrkr1 [my V1 1 sE)1141Si51 tILIL i5 nut r3.3L1154 r
lic- 141 in 4. pposil to Fr421A E an cxricriCILCC (1.1. ClIC ruEitrc. fJof :Ids() rill pilaSiZe 11]Iis efLOI1 CCS.kii0111 Which oixlin ont•1
Or Of hopcfullne s , 2.ie.enrs to him to Lic• ;Lt once irre.rhiciblc L11{, abyss which it denies.]-ire the imphe-cies of any
to oedipal. repetition aiid irreducibly, cear.qudyr erelteibely firCtelish, of his. predecessors. .A11. the others, we Might .ser a posit an Lilti
[TO per 'CO
- ii not DO - Judaism. The sUbiitk or his
" Mate 3 r..L.C.111.11:1L1111 of the Oedipal conflict berween Isra,..1 and Uo4;.

honk sa;..s. ludaisEn 1 cruninable .

lubenniniiiilc..". i tit " 1(4:Jtin.ii- 1
Malachi dloc.s s•ti. a Eso On ih.c lu'h LE of . pLircly -heshw
alitii CIL:Arty 111.4k r ks thai if IhAclaisin is. Lcrliillible , jrwiskinuss is in- -
feu elz- 01 1 /Menet.' fcv 1.1 14".14,?? oaf ilL'Uft.e.en ". .(1'1{: S11.111 .1 - Cferflrik this:

trrrnin.arily 1901. Et L;ulli •}'iV''- Judaism. If :11 1 .viirvire li PS Ill'ii- -.1 - [wart cif ]=irliuis with S1313S ;MCI 11C of snits with their 1n-
tqg.c, which is irl Say, in a 5cirt.r, not without arciikr, cvcri ii Ilkis thers). 1951
archive should retuairi wilth041t ultura[c and ;without actuality_ I-"or
ibcte is indeed a (kit-I mining and -
e.e:3LLC2 J ore corifidun draft I ...vuuld almit the meaning here in all.
Cai .114:41. 151.1(1-e!..N; i1 i3 ulicady giVi. 11 rim I ilc.pcs. ikcrr AilNait air l c]tc]1 r. And.
- rigor tPl "tmiquc," "cxpliLidy.," and "purely butniin, Yertishalriii
• -

4:7,•;....14ic Jcwi:11.3it-k% S1V) 11.141 111.1-1

1 mist;ilkcii ria•rging with conririncic is thr poini EPELJI'r':

rt li.9,i011., 41 1 vii
. (..4).d. Now air

Jegrvi5hn-rv.: !li:it dCWS not @wait OW future' i5 procisel.y the L - diekith. 1...et it h according ro you 14)11# religi-on, the grcat.
for thy. C, the opeding oE reLition. to LhC . 11K. i:x JULE...i41n. has nr uture. But ychi.t Ls [ht ! future. of
• . and Ck•
Nucoldie i iturc.. This i.$ w1).ar
•
Ilic proixtr ro thy Jul.-I''' and - . Llipu? .rtL.:31,i iv the CILLI u • yutlr )1(Iikitl ., and you !WE S.:1).'

14 .ilo LW; 13 1A 1111 1 y ]ICED{', E 1 11:1). :N " 1114 51,C For Litt 11 -10.11[C: E l tit [I 111.5 1. killiCC again, 111:Crushalilai recurds 5i1C1ICC 5.1.:111C) 11C

1. 11114 . .11.111 of liopc for the fi]tnrc"19511_ Will 31(311ellICICSS I31.akr speak, ElS31.1:SEPliCidV, ilt the CCP11

And this is wylLe•c.. in the nnirrat the opcning to rite future, the ional, in s.iery next sentence]. ghrmid you Zell me that,
discu5Fion With 1reud seems .1) be closed, While iu LEIC Last .1 19tieerir they ha?: nr.1 hare, f Man ARTA: y•ply-ykrni may
. word


14)1.1 semi Ivy (lqui.T.u.3.)1) uls!epnf 411 gup..pA1aA.D33UE1Oua.1 0] Ape .1

marim,p rtcr 3 1.11 jo E%-1. 1,IJI1h1Eln purtto.rr
3-1 ,3A% inaAjt..sv .L.R.), p ap Jo Noscie 1.1L alp 'WI) mil 39 pinny, snti J . ;Imo I)] all -019 at' ELMJ1 c,Infic 1L1.1.,55.
-111Scr ()Ask I sa11111 ,ElkitlEKIvai i7.►1 put; sapniTos o..5.1./ 'Wolin lax.) ("mu JO 1110 AVM. l j13S.11.7.0 01 ll DY]rif111(110' DJIRrip 4 1r 3.:):11j:).,1 LA mu! di) !
1>ia3P 11 I's;1 11 1 . 4 csil1 3 x.) .roj 111,41.1s a jo ['rum! 1.,; Irci. 171 pue aup 01 4.1111113,1 i Inc! `DiquIrui
- 1-511UE 319,..10 uai. trot liczIn b 'E! Rem. I] - 1k11_111rt1s Ann moi.ilvo 11 r1Irti .sytn (I pit1a..);(111eSia.it011 :4)11111dir palely; F 1 '211.;)
.dr;sir Jules ..)Ip •41•01111pi.1u JILUeS altp ‘A: fi.F!.,1 e 4 4-.41k. pinynn 1 41 1Y1'iindlirl: J rs .:31(117fir."3,x 1
41 EJ) 4 ,.1.1E1/11j 1.r JAINI iprep tau .31.1 11
.evioN. 1ai:1cl 0) lour `[ -JeJsi IA [rj n [UP
- 1Pri.n1#ri kiPpitcu.r..2 "rill.),‘ ).m.% ! m y ;NA ,}4.1 [Inn •i%
.91 :LiolintiL1 111 - siLil 3(i Apslim pen; JAIL I s :310111)
.1 n]11 1 -Ap pi1`.V14-1] tI.rllr7 7fq
.
ia.T. •331.po 3111 El ;)4.11) :111(11-1.xylisij) :011
1,4
I.111 11T011Vtll 1111F SRI] ]inifdliii itivakti .ralj ray'
A.DE11 p 1.113 - 5:13;1T111111.1111 s•17 mcril .DLI]k"c aq] 4 Sirn/1 .71.111E31ClIll
A.[J :31111.I'S .N1 Oct pinozit
spahati .m.1 SI? Julasiir ;I:rut-1, 13,0,019 si poi)
1.riti.),.) Jul .)JitInj !mu u3;.5....tExt
1,13AD Dui )Li1 'Lep Plus] 14l3Due 1.n A30)S111.1 `llr)+4707 .. p 4L131141.1.1.1 -yri,19,1:"Pp.),UI.ailli lit' _11.1) 1241111 se 11111'.1.1. ,}1.11
" Cl ! (11t5 i ) .D 1 1.1 11)...)p3JU S! -7J ulti[Up •)104Li or su
1El -4nthrl11t ;mu stmt T0 5 3- ;) 11 .7) nrtr un .rift
.
1,ii11r.11131-.1 abmir

III1S '3-11E111111 pirmoi .51flUnki0 311] ptir s,[1311

11- 1 P n71 1.147.+,1 !roll 7,1..) 4 .4.13.Pyirifin lirki 1 lip)
e
ap gLiL141,CPA; 1.10 `1.101211pi jo ..)rrilni will of)
111.1113 2illli1P114TOS isrd .10 D;pitTris !DIM- p09 atp niipikpul uo su0K.E3}uc.11 ,
4 ;
Aes PIM) zuo P111. Jo .DS'EOs pEn..19

..)JuzipiA;) Nur_ku
DIN's 01 t(prai SI !it! irrirsni airk vi !!;101(31,)1.N [me re)i,'114...011E1
4 .41 r 0111 9 533 ..)13 t:We-1 1 ) 'an') 4j00..141 AtiElLuElp)
ion .).(1
.

lunnutnirljn ji) no! wnirlir -PEI! 1 1,1u1 it:L311.11Ctill! Lunjle Jo

) 1 n 1 ?:■irr. -4-1.311.1 ' 11 /cule01 tiullita1.11(IS SE -zeni
-1"P--14) ..r"urra.Jp it .Cars-g.4,.)?u -.1[11f1./ alp `1.1 nod 's wive, ut Fpnirti inr
ay jt, 173ic1ns ,)Ll] LJrl a:Igralialjlp r Jo .rriurtap 319 113111m
ItrU iJ .10 71.5.11E10.10E 17)0 -ILYEILD2E3113 .7)11) ..C.E}7111Ri.ro
1 11.1111:1.1c11 pqaelt. rti 3-2fif1f1 Pff11,714 .72Irssrti )t]1
Ai) EJJ Luouutual[Jv i kloixeur.r rye / UPI] 11.!
?land" 1ti v ((.JN F•r jr f rifir72-71;,011,yr7
11.11{3 [11 51 1 1 'a(1,-4] s1L11 jo ppotr; se '111'..511U0)
se 1)11r arty Se g i;143EXI s pla1reisni3A Jo J3IL.110.1.117 03 el ‘Ott gEJ11.1013J Ell run! pplrola ! Enulir s! 1E Inv .1.1431v5.rcy9p.
IIE Luc.).! ''!..N.A.R.ii;INI,Dr 1}11
.

E1117- j '.7511.1( x.tJx .ttftfei um:ally.) mil Lima). JO LH) !

11 Sall imp Jo s311rip}43 [tue arie:]3ltA 'pm NI ]i
;
El; Ill!
Imo Op LOIN' [KW TVA MEI .1_111111.1 [1117:00111 1i■E3.11.1 . 1.1.
11C3111 LieUOIlipuomn Si ufypeulir iir . •:).111inj „Iv nl .1(101.1 pur.
11. 1 1 .1A H111 0 Intl np 4 )1 6E11 11 -Dun I SC ILL 3EiIrs• s7411 411 11.1%01) 31.1Er.)
Luisiepilf ft 1ra3Is1pc1 11.11E1 3 111 :11011PLiElLiirt lerinli!E)
)E i! se )s-19 tnitim plait 4 p.iiiirivirl.MA 'in
•
.
W troecsiusti] j p-TREIDX..) SE
- pinapess„)wisImDi ja lien ontmun 1)111(1.3 )11110',. J.J31! aAmt am L •tmilipuoa suo11Ini,)itt :IT I 11.1u.:(31.1
1),›S1'E1 HE! JALM.11-I sL tiOprILLITK le1.101114111.1.031.111 j ..1,1r)rxp1tn
'faryr
▪ 11111 ErJ1:11(!t311ri s! 11. 3t.i)
hrr, EO, Iq sv.in ti s:yin c1 imp _ ail ) I
, PS-1.30 15111 ac'cl. sr ia[chlrrx.;) nj pp] ur.)13 -nj aril u!3t p 3n4i 4(unn)c)p 4171.0!) prpti 'uoig
ay Ho 43:tepl lsJti 3111 '41110111E1r ,plirs -LI3J) 111 f yipni 0-7(15.Ad 1.11 `SAES
. 1.1)t1.).1:1 311 sP.
T siu3,3Did 'uol1rEr.1.19j1'• 1riirCin putsmmi •tiltai i FOE 1st:
)rp r 7 trrrept.' f go 1111
.19 Ion mom!. `SS3litli:151,31 SIIMErie0.r.ariti
,Dtp. ut ...)s- nr33$1 •Japotre ,sop icI 111.?d0 -11)(11.1 .
)N. 111.1i atp ..:151,11,31-11111.. 'SIMI Jill k ISr.)[ p Teti Asi
ApspJid '311.1 1L11111 DI") %11131.1104.1 1.1111A4. 113S.,{111 kilk31UO3 Eirefe DA.10

1c14t1l l `4111.11.ph.ElaX0 I. c!. Jo 1.:0111ns 3111 LIrJ 1)3_11411 [WU L ..).J.H.i.tt.:).E.t.)

.11,t0 % le i ] 'tiol , 7/4 rr n
-NIJ=1 •6: , r) 01 10 11111 ;)Arki Slellim.110 3, y lit plie
'road r/2 A? ;feud Y114ty9ro I Lit0..0 Jtryi dpr.atiFsqpIX .01 ry,D 1111 lr n
11 0 1 1eilliqr 5 3 t1 -1 re3IX01 39) gri ips s n4-pi[
07-410 e/ JO EIV.Yr1 f,1 qAd
JCIA:15111KSS IL111.C11111L121i1L), ic-erythitig, he belief in the existence .11.1 . notes. Is it Ex*sible Eli the antonyin i l
- L fürgt L ring ' is •L(1.1

tlFic C411.1.111c x rEC, e24 4:c[1( orCIII•cLI LIME LI • h CrEiStiCe " I J I :7 11.
Vel 111471 3 % tliE•r1.11r5 116 91.t 1.c.41-.F11.1..)frC • hi ILlciri about Ibis justice, I wc•rldur, iLE4:)1.15E,

i I ' it is Doe
. conhiced wil h
allsAti(e privilege, the Ali:. the scEllTrIci.:.4 resc-Tve fc ir ruitire and the 1)...1 4
is FOCI. 1649th Ehc ,

uniqueness in thc experience of the [Ifonlise (the future) and the zr,r reir.•. both hopt (" ;Lnticipation of a specilic hope for the In-
injunction or rho non.. (the paNt). But the two. are not added or Lu.st") Ard the duly Of ' IL1C115017 1 " 411C to resrien therl), as - ,

ii c donlic.lea 4)n. die ci, It 1.4thadi 4ti out.] Lae 1:Lltlnr gierm.e, krael :3b a pew it* :Mild
been Int aitItiveti event, 1.x2i•ausc tutu L1111115(11011 c L151: LW 1535. I1/41'.)4 I ill its P',114.111 1y ( H o[11'.;
L Esrac] E1155VIICECC1S.C" "as a rcligii)10.
prc. sciiircl
- rnir•rArar cis. If iiitta ;1.15 entire j1(•.1)14.•").
11 All
iclilinc`tion of iricrniiry, uirh rir 1.11,11)ont subslrate, thal 'due two
. 1.hiles. iti tile logic ni (his clrcrion, one were (13 CAll by thr nu/e lute
al)MELite prixilc. g.r5....irc hound 111{• CLLir. gal ch
- 01 }lief_ A'S if 6.1)(1 Dame cif lsrael all the places and all the liorples who. would b e

inSeribcd or11.:?' One !hung in(E) lute nicrilory Car srngleprrypir ;And ri•ady to recognize themselves in this ant...Lei nation and in INA ill-
Crf 41.1 •1411C itoevpie . - dic 1..atifc 7 I cicicunlacr 10
• rC3E1LE111.3C1 11I• junotiun-and then this wuuld nu longer only be a vcrti .gri1.131.L1r
(MC. AEIL1 -pcoplc," Lit I ill rp NC.151CILCC, 01511.1.11.1 15151 1. i5L7 pruNeni ref 5•LilanLiCs or of i ILCLur•ie. Li kc ti Le C3L3c11i1.31L 13f 1110
C151110L'iVE'll] Of 0111 151 . the- LIE1E5TCCE'PLit'13LC(1. uniqui . rx...ss of this prupper naille, the qucst ion of exeinplarity,v,iiitli I rut :Aside eArlicF,
Ftere i k 4.I..11,11 call Lint (WINO idinary a(CribilLi(Pii. ern I I bc•re- sirrinte-s the place of all vide DCCS. BCCa1.35C if it i5 jluSt. to rcineir -

subject of which 1 will keep a large ilumber of grave questions in 1)rr t l l r futiirc: arid the Irilitn1CItiorli to remember. nantely the archon-
ICSCJWC. Sr MC '131: ItitC3L3
- 1.L3VC .31.1 Calkal ur dirneo• I IC 111.111.1LCELOE1 tCF su;krii
' irr it13‹. ;:trchiv, ii is no k55 just tu
3 .1.011 7 1)1.51. LI5C): til C 1 1.L.PE thE 1..1 111V 011C1, in 3l aiEC r_1135'LL.IL1 5 LIE IVITIEIrliii5cr I hi: citiii; and ihe ullcSclf,
gcncy. I woul..1 Ii.lvc likyd to sikel1C1 IML7rs, in truth an rind orkirr pcople& onolki say the thing ill anr3iher

Inc clitntillg twltlle ircirohling liefore this

. sentence: way. Ancl rem' flutrt en' hurt dlifeLt Wt- ran Frrrirh:

every other every OrhN' CrEhf:r, ix Alingti her ralher.

Only in Israel. and nowhere else is the in Onction 10 remember F01111.:di7..illg IOC rlu kl r SA) 2S to gnin I 1.0. us. go ..511r;light to

tell as a ft ligitILIS ialperativeLo an entire people.. [9] the •uaStin fi.11 whir]) (Few CAL1 clunkh•oon(l•ci with cIrtacl before
tItc virtu:A injusticc (J ❑ C risks Ci)711.111iE111114 in the' CIF i1.15,1

bc.forr iii1 sentrn(e?

TerW: COO ror1.1; Elm! E:crillik iLSC11. A't LIS follT51.11;LIEI 111.C• argiun.ent in a mode its

wander if it i )1.3ct. 'u irq 10 Col.11C1 asiurc<1, 17 what ar•

- l 7 SCI1St' Cr.135.SC!.1. rI•C11.157.111;ll•SiS With cle.r:onstruKtion, a certain

chive, that it is just.. this sentence? lust with the justice that I'Certi5h- p-sychoanatysis" and a certain. "deconstruLLiuri." Wh.en say that
..ilini 5uggc'ts prolot.nudry kild<C(11 he! 1.11.1.-...niposilt err ruble, I mean. that aut treiribles, thc one" or the "on' HI:11 11es,
.- - -

of lin get! in ' :" L rucl kkr2 VC1 V •IOSC tea V•1.3;11. EIC nays. duct'. in whork.cr It Is Zfe.`1111b1C5:1X<P1LIC CileinjUSIkr of thrs jIL1SLICC C21.11 (tilt
1ELIS 1015,L.1141 IELLACTL1.;111)• 7 1.15 1150 10-r111 Cif a CiLJCS11.1 51L. 1' 114( 1 Ise 4-r triltr" 1 I VIII1C11.CC vcry CE5115El1 or 1.1.1c One ;l Hid 0x1 tliC -

rm ] of the [los t.scrijil r,f ZJAhr.ir, Cllr

. ;r11nr question 171 e11et•1 Ic.qo- Unigtor. Right i•l iere it can affect everyone, everyone And
-

whoever. En the centen.ces I just cited, the i.vorclq that nmke. (Ind
tremble are only those that say the One, the difference of the (?n r.
11. I Ihn.r. lirr iny E';111, 314 It...1111y ill Felre r.1" Ir•i •rrri Fr , r.T, I I I I'd t. 1

lit the f)r111 of uniqueness ("dramatic difiereilec," "unitjur 9ihum,"

n.ituac.c just ice.. the justice which excecds knak also requires Elie law. in 1.1 ic dime- .

4_11 . Ella act iLlielli5OFF, of res.isianc.e rosgrt Mug, wlictIlidi klli S. be ul Ll5c "(hilt' iE1 Esiael anti ii.u.wherc the') arid I hi: Om! ilk
LEI i II ri r lieni in grcir iir sat 1Ex rim r cruller lics5Filc,15Yilii.; s71 the figure ["ire all critivi preple"). Thr -


gatllc r i11g ILSk1, itst:11or tlic 011ie is iliCver 111.14 i5 the Ni Ay it is lhat this repcaL Ii IS Necemilw
Uni k luc, th.r. 1;11 4; 4,f the IAN) i iC. !IV` LPN Of A 1,1 01'.1 f'. The ;1'4 "4"If . -F ,C1 1 CtILIOE1 7 CAE1 {3.E11 TCpCaE :M41 FCC;11.1 111 1. 5

{.-0 011 .figli rairial9 which orders tile OrChivC. COnsigilation is ncyrr with- instituting Tr cli, only ofrrri itst-IC and rngnge itself
out that exce5civc prcsstkre (inn pre.E.ton. repres5ion, sumrc-ssion) this r.c petition_ ThiS. lS even whnt Tie.:S in rieplh the inilitriCrifan of
fq.)ft.'55.14)n (rfrzir.i;ingrg.r.rg or Cruera rn:ingung) ;I31.(1 IIIME1r3.1 WEI) the anticipaiinin rFi rlle •utiire to conic_ The irijunc-.
i:n t.r.1 girth kung) .1 re .11 1C'..I.S1 I ig 1.3 uvrn 4idic:31 it 311.11u1notis trictnory Lhc safeguard 4.)1 CLIC Air-
For it mai,. 17111 ni-Tcssary 10 7vr psycho:mak- lit- 11.:11311CS 1{3. 11115 ChiVC, LL3r113 il.PLUI3LCNLably 1.(1 0X;YE.LI ILLIC to 411q1.3C. h ordcrl
VLLI.1{11•C. Ncither F cessary nor assiircd. NOT prinmrclinl. T4 el not Ell- 011'36C, cort.lers repetition, and hi-54 4A • 4111
Ilo ILICC.IptiZV. ['IAN VIOience zit wink LJY %]]L jrC13031.1iCLI.3.11Sii- in yr% 11 if-petition k thus inscribed at the heart
1LIELCIE1 4.3f [I.IL ()TLC E31J UniCIUL f Ur FICLIti Co 11111_1 an automatic of the futurc to coine, one must also import the ibe Avne stroke,
ul SLEticlural jumiticaciull iur his "historical novel Does tiW - - the death the vil_lenCe of forge.lting,surerrepprs4ion
51[}' r.lihis Lu4:110111 Vi4.31e:110c 11111 giVc 111c41L]i1Yg DIA 11i5 Alare.c, ikEld ple5Aii.)11.), ariorrhivc., irk sh•ori, possi h II): of pin-
1. 1111141<lli;11)1C 111111, 3 truth- if tint - 41 1. 111.1teri:11. (ing TSa E[ELcith very thing, ‘ ...hatcver its nainc, 1rV hiCh
, rric,i
truth'? To iris to Jakob. hic father, in short to 'law in iU troorifioN: the a rckyrm of th-c arclliwt.',. the (nh-le, ichat corri425
2...11 scs iivas also the Moses of Verushahni? To the son as the table and who Carries t.h.t: table, LEK subitctilc. ell Fol.n.Lrntc., and
gralidlathcr (to whiontf...cr, to any "one," to sckinu.inc- who says tE1C Subjc..c.t cYl th•r.!
to nirselr, for t:.xiii)51,1c, Jakob or lioyf riLit i)Illy is why tud might Kaye occupied in [kis furils Llic
174 1.1111 4:41• I iayiL11, t 11, 1 ; 31.7% 1 I, aS if by C.1/4 1.11( 1,:, a W0114. 1 1411 11 1 CT 113 1 1101 41 I ter i Icl.wet.. o 1. lie 11.1 Elf I C 11]tl VMS!. Of ()cd.iipas. heivit
7

MUNCS. 41.11131 Abrall AM)? " 11 oric and -hrprelc.ssinc.cs,." iti-kc- levy and rbc non Jet, thr future
- . -

AS SS)1.1.11 as there i l Ise One, there is nturder.. wounding., trau- And 1- CpCtitiOrlr Orle!. -1.;11- happily, is the coricliticm of Elie
matism._ L km de d mare_ The One guards a.gainstilecps ocher. And the Other is the condition for the Ont. To be nblc
uJELC Orr 11.12 ICI_ .1.1 LAC I_ LS rfiEqIlitiln. thciither, but, in Ile mu% c say that the decisiv and for the inonterit. undrcidable .c.[k.K.s.tiork
of his. violence, LI C1311.1 3SCS 1. .11 1.1)LIS gi.1.3 I ding

11114.• scif iillicriies% CFr SC`liiliricrenre (die clikTerenc{. From mai hill
Bennington itinarktd tne that by underlining, and first by brin,tting into
on which rriak-cs it C)nc- The("...nc
) clefer ring rCan
Eplxy, 'LUC h. all LLriEr_ilLs1.11;kbility, I rnic.cd rr.Ex.11Llt Lilt 1.;;ClELLErt L s-ctincti pur
. 1 hc (..)ne as the ()ther. ,fit once...iit
- soent time.. bur in .1
into question in t he hands orih.e. h yr.. mirneiy.. thic air 41i thr wric1111-
SRDICkiJne C11FIL i5 out of Ir7int, the (_)(14.... •orgets 10 ren 4.11' {If I FL-

itsel •
., it 1.(c.LE:p....;1.1)4 1 cr.a sr.% 11)e. [km 113.3( Oil 4.1•R r Ii Fr Ihcer.spi.11 gavr J 1.)r icily say tlirc.c ilinngs:

1 his violi-ncc thill it floc's. Jr;fin rit vrole.rmr. 01)1: P 1 iw' lk ofc.1.15.11-44r or id a pc.iter
e`OtWr.t.ly sit n'25 a question of my saying in very tcw Frtn.cli 1'17 r •4EP',
violence. LE •vinlates ;ind dfxs 'F'14114'31CC 11 1 lint ii ;11.74 U. 1I1C::i
JR eA.E. or.e ErrifIlL Cr Eua Latk by all EI4C3M br traiislact.1 Lil any langu4112,e, if .01715
YiEFICE1E:C_ [1 1)CCE31]11IS (ILC y -....iolcnce • That i 1,14{' 1.1.1SliCr% LI} 4113 lige Elic pohlind SrirSC I FI Elm,. g5:7.11Llic.
ClOtS t4.3 liNCit. SCH .- deleinii ion as violcnre, ge2Fife 2_ 1 h4lieve ;hat the afEirrnation cif a ccrtain idit3n iaticity. or A C1.7Enirt -

ireriper etua se prre . eloience (bec argse it makes itself Violence. :maw
. L.LiLiguclle&E 7 as Cl( CcIE3111 driiLtr.1.17,y, defr.IT,1. 13g, r6ar tzt say, impure. i

[IL r). iti cold arid I I r F r:I114'111[C ;LeL11 I,ri c 4531 Sr J I1CI [ W;1.35E£d 11 . 1. 113N E{] LEr rnorLstr.J.LL-. it
goi 10 Itinkc i(sCIE HS
1 011111r one dens nem. both with this a ftirrnzion, 23 Id with thil impurity.. i% -
ArdliVC4/ LII 5L1C1 .4113 L-001701111 .ecill 11101 1
. 011_ 1S
prr.r iscly whrre; 11171CS in..

3. Lx.i.1.I.5.5.1.y pit La5C that L w-1111r4.1 ILF rxCl'e.:Urr,. ill irYr., tii4Cr EM-1:1 i I L4 gyNILisc,
L5. AL ih crild 4311 Chi% lectopu. rimy. [ mud) my 4113:11 rL Ftt 111 inialy to it ihkv. in en). give.
41 ri.w1) as 3 Stonishanciii but. as al Yr'ay %kith ari ;ritr4ruilbte [at•, ( ;CidFrey arY exAa)iF.)10.: caI 1.11i$ fatal nrcrS$Ity and cif its risks.

1M;


ii a! leas( it LS 3 n]attcr cif k is :Lt all kiln...v- 1.3o5ition., the 411.110-1rrAiribm r .r the Ole- One and ,pi'

.41r"), 9.'W4111.4.15 JC: And El ICA IL, ;11 El El 111.M I I LS lhe Unique, in clic. noinologicnI arikhe.. And the (1c.Arh Wil li-

rrutains orn tn.wasfl the fuctire, one mum imesciir At leas' :1 ot1C this a il., which 'Ls :Aso cortAiv ( IL' CICS.iTe IL( I [he disorder

preiirlcicrst:i rlalirig of whir 'to come" means. Now it is ill the srruc- 1.1 I 31 chive, [here wilii1.(1 be neiriit[ assignaLion nor co n signatio.n.
ED ' crf t] IC! ill EU 1 Q ttli C(.11154-
- OW it Can only posit itself Ec is 3 C4.).iiiSigilia( 1011. A E3 LI IV LICiS Lot/C says nr)inpological.

ilLjj r.r.[KEiEIC111, 11 laid I I ES 1 IV': l'eS]rri:R for faithfulness to. othris 0E1C fiCITHIA, (1E1C N3 y3 tlic Law, 1.31.1[ 41.]St31/WS.ii Thc
anti to 1.)711c Se] I —;1.5. ti the 'bi iolca ir 1ht- Onc, Thc of institution (igameif. Me.rni.1) is the Priefic. Arid

:115siArer IlLe { VMS! i{FE1 V.41 :i1 is tile futtiric4') sr iii (hill tta i rhonis ;Ir ITIE'rlrne 5, TIM R:1y4, i IL wi[h thc. .originnry
prestimmyked by Yert.is.h;i1rii i5 iarror to the affirmation according phygi(, Mut one trinqlare.sc&nirnonly as 'inatur.c.."
to whicIt the 1 utuut will. Nay Ilium try deliric. scienx e" and "'Jewish - . -
It is [bus drat wiat t13c thesis, the supplcmc DI Uldiescs [hat toL rc
:

and " J C B11 SUCDCC: ` thc Etrrgter, Prcitmbir, and if' wriivror its.r11
‘11V El l'C Sp1.
C1 10 din pi CS Li ppc ,s CH I 11 in [] fel L151.1.01 - Stil 114.1.i 11 . g , irchrily mud iy.r r. Ti i.. i3 , r11_11 icl resist the desire !irk! 114Tht

tin [1 Fol. I SC1 V CS IC I 'IC Fri IC' :In ;1. I 301 Ea_ I hayr ;Ettrtililt.r.4.1 to 5t 1..4 1.;141C script., ;I 1.3rosihesis on Freud's ilieses.' 6 Which is advanced fix the

h [his !1st-A:here, arif I I 5.hnIl gay only a about it, from the 0101hef gli.EySES.
point or view or The 'archiver: 41.114 ow bAse one'5 thinking or the
011 All arc1.3iVCC1 —LCLI h ur withiRit substrate, mr.ith or
1(j. 41..es ri Irt i E.4Re 11'• SIVA. of a jrr..1944eqi.r rr.p.reisicin. ( .crrkin
.

WiftwuE aUudlilly — for CL:LJIL (}11 d i 5l.'. Llii LI I ICI 10111)1i .1t1 C -
L'uichilwaint and $1..31.1scilnicivc LeChnill‹..gics " pfoYe lhar "clic fullillaricnE of re- .

s i:LlLit CC1VC11;.1.1Lt ? Or CI.st ran rill r:-.tpereenre, nn.

1.
, 0]1 II CL.Intrary, jthcssiui L iJ I LU. ickL131.11 101'111 1.1.1.111n. 11111 41,1pi 1154 Qui iiii% %LE L
.1.VCI7el; 1E1 gc...iirral, 4 ALly ICIVC IVIR; ;in ( re cord, 4)11.1y tirchi ..c 91,3Ch rin
, raill.31.1" aI. I 11r1 ikreer rk,Q.4i ern the prim-thesis,. chc end - -

cytili to 1II extent that the 5tracturc of this existcncc and 01 its :
and tlit "teclictique uf rrprtsston. AU of tlik concerns 1lit rwcni
- . rIst
There is tio.thing tliat onc
(C13 t1303 riiikr..) this a idliviLak.14_511 pos5.ibl.:'Sri otht_I- vr,ords,
cliric 'inn! hosr% se'rti rti 'I hi. ringe%e hchr.rensav Arm y IIr 111. 1k ing 1 .1 131.)1. IIa4i hay
docs {}J Lt= neci.1 a 1'1[51 ariiLlyc ordcr tc 1..:(3.110E.!INCra l orig,inary
even (hough ic has happened. [t is. thus to trcat - Cvtnl..AS 'OriE
4:Liva11ility? VLCC VC.1 . 5.3 ? TILiN is the "Al LO-1 Llf22111 ii 01. tll ieLwl-
]iAlipcnell — (in. Prrn.cli LEL LELc arriv&-) lice
licrrl 13C t'S-VCC'13 tlic c n I. CPI I I1C rcliginus ((..1.51.11.1V.IW.R ? 0:771.
r-vrAabiiily {{)ffe.uharke.nr )., a r1c19sphIlitv of ircianircstokion,
prior thoughr of what (]erns rrpo...IrcI the. nrrivnl w toi.vard the
conling uf 4tii2h k it ri.pr rrt.JL (hat Ihr. logic (} ate alter -
thc-iaL[ (Nich.f.riigirchkEnri., 1 %1 L is D1 C pElly al 1 1 IC.7 ke.:3 E Dr I AA-dill 5-
-

Linalysi5, I,ut. cvcri, Fulcf MC:MTN. 1 all "clefcrruir

). 1. 1 1 X:1.1i 4:114:C, LI,JFELS out tri Ch:SESITIFP, valaikgic forrvcr th.r
rens.surin.).41.11917[11.1.11.311 iWt
ViCeEl
1 I111.: !WU Et I tl t5 elf L Ill alitermitive..,
berweeri L[142 p351 at]{i lilt lull Luc, II1at is. to. say, howern tht thrct
actual. prEstats, which 9.h.ruuld be [lic Pas( [Jrcstiit
Lind t]YC fl...101.1 C ]).1 csrllti !

Ilk any 4.asc, Eiicrc lac rio fcItllrc without rciicti[lon.

S lim , Frt- 11ii rnight say (this W0 11 I El 114" hi F •ie5 is), rhrr(- Is El i) ft]
r7I r Without !hi,. :tree:re:1- of ale cis1 :31 viote.ne. ch ar .11gc.ribes
SA.L1Xf cp.r.ession liar) the arcitrimic instiluTion Elie archive, in 115t..
 ri paw •va rp
Els!) 1 1.1. 3sual MN, 117 In' `WTI AN LA Ir p u1111 I 1 1. 1 1LLI
lIE 4 1431F 74:11.11 AriEurmS 0'3)0 uopergtirn siip ilorkb \
. 111-1 1 :6 (4o-94361 v414P 0-4.9., b?•rii..51 4ee '1)Ti.D3.4 •S1

4ZZ 1 I 11. 1113p DIA5 I I I S }WI I 31!1.1.-d • Nu! LPLF X51 11 Ji_p

.1)11131 SHIA_ •(u_Isi s)jtr!tii agi 1:14-poxprt1 pug' _.3.1111,,) :3114)101

JJ,. Jo stiAt .Ug 21)011J g ,1JC5111r:Liri I!) IS .. 1 emzpiv JIU lirpEgi j c,k,u-Liji E....." l c j j
41 d 0 7 .1 0 SUIC1011-)1 -11111 13111.D1.21 1,13[4.1% 131 1.)11..1 N' ucJia 3pEl1.)Lei l 5 .511_10.+6

3SP11 . 1_ ' it 1 f r.u.r./.77 dP.refetinjil 1:06.131 Bar pila,N1 1)) lei.3!1 : [ 1111.11111...y4 xp.))),11

20aRt7 01 poi amo.o.§" Ytta)

H
$rinv piPro, ;Ty. 10 1rlifi t !P. P

argil auluir,up p,2 -r.7)-41 ,i4.1 11,-p,a sr. 7.1 „Ty jrno rcfr7 1 19j Sttcrjr
) .

64144114: Of pry rniai J r 1 4 n aziAcig v.1 nnfinintury Jo term?{

- nri'd !Jr p.r.rde kJ. rp trP.11 ',110.1.10,721y.7.itt

41 - u43.1s.

Johli

HP ne).4
sMes.r,7-1.a

• (1r JrJrJ , 'voydrtpjj.

ospqr.rf tro sp,DIViery

F -um" imathit us dti „win hi 4pLe IrJfirAY Jo ffrir)qurti

.

rea rs j •Ale,' J17,1/110971i.e.dr..pia JLiperrp.remrporio .j.tcp.roj. 211 ;Ail If • j " .1

161 1).117.7 4.11.4741 yip?! trfnur ?CM p..).2.1.0p.r emu rIJ f •-•

96R .11.717 )..y f 9 'nr.w.a!,. 1



IN prg-tel)4.1 volicne yee c.oprmihriart ScrLIIS 1E3.3-

.
,[31(1 [1.1C CUI1CC1.3E rif 111c LLrchi•r dud the cuiicciit in gcncral
7

possiklr, %dim ni lhiiig nny finger rtilLi(C 101Clir lighl iii Clu:su sidfc•r, rrinn I ht.- prin•iplc 4 311.

14) [kw ri) rhr ri.) the (kr [Ili• archive. [•i us -
r is kni3vorpIllair did OrC‘FyilLilig cKsiblc 1SF !Ha
tI1119 WC: idiomatic formulas which we claimed coi1lx1 only experience or haunting, spectrahry, ply.granms • ghosts, 1 is cried co
prin.! 1. ht!l]ISr.1.5't 44.5 c ..orin3iiicall.) . ui Ow language. '1'1sey accuunt for Lbc.in, Couragouusiy % in as scientific, critkal, and c1--

1.3t•s.s AELl1114•2 1_1j.r.r _IL' garde de l '2.2t2.11 .•e, wc A[id I iwc ill 6511100 1.10 114..1.5:Sa51.e. Bul by doilig [1131, ht..:11SC5 rIle(1110C7(irkiLlft:

fie a c. 1_"Lin se' garde tle r.111.1• vivieNce. (the ODE 11)ein, Like Marx. I Lis im.mi[ivisrn was pill N) 1111C7. kki

krrps (Irani) tile othcribr making •iokni(4:); toolkus Ilk Ic.cloir4.-cl hatLacctIlics-5 ;Ind of his linavgvivcd frar, I,el 11C Clk

itsel f violencr gic ro rnakc itscd.fvinlence, only Ctric in I shal] Churkse it IT(Frri ClCrul VI 0 rchiv•
;inoilli•r Ling,iingc cilt.r4.7,etIner, is this not what Freud irk ould .
from 1.[p close to an Unix's...Mlle .ircho.eology ot this nostalgia., 4 .1
. .
. -

perlinias rv.)i, Ski bStaiKe.. }ti- hat Freud's s ct.er 4111S Fil1i 1.11. desire for aI icLuin lo the AuLlitntic
•
5inyttl.aroriginh
ri)r which no onc.. ,..vants tn plc sittbstitnic'd wouli_l perhaps .111.(1. return concCEilcd go at cowill For the ticsme (LI 1:4:11.1.1ifn: 14.3r
Li) '',..'crim15.alygli? SO Ell(' 171111CI or psycho:km.1,1)6x and of tut- back closc to Naples and to. Vontw-ii,

rain -did nor taki. imro co3isiiicr7tion the qwstion A c i.gicerning - .

in tilc. iiindForapc .- iii craiiiva, where I Avrotc thr.cc . pngrs s.orne ten

k4Il;LS 11 E giaughtcr iii 4:114,...•t %VI 0(C, - in his ili:11T1(` or in her narnr. (the g.1y5 ago.
c{3.1oLeglt oi ale rcSix.)ills-t lo stir 1 Y cititsLioEL was. airr.ac.ly ;31- ClikM4.1, ;3k IIL 11.1S rtachiig 4)1 Ile....1)scri.% Graditchr.. Freud ay.i.)ws. Iming

k.LIISE in 1[13C le[[[ EIRE I-Cr) 4[0.1SdIL, as. curly as 1192(a)_ But hc did El:du11k:1 1 lc dC[]1.es JL w c.kinyins hC tiC L 11 i El )SC111

ircspond Ill Llic tU 1.13c 4.4 tics- IS ill al (iClCad ing [MUNCIE I IS` kild$ 11 it LI 5C11, i Lill %V MI ;it Elk(

ii+ IIi I ir iiiC.`figrrgrr illkiNiSH3, ](l SUET]. ' FEL(' (11.3CSLECH1 OF the filiurc. [1]01nCTIE 3Vaint5 rn 3C(0 11.[I7I [or the ia•st 1-Linu1c•.k. in-

Ih• .]u- cicr or 1] .•• To:1cl - (Pr Ihc. of I hr ritrrir•. [V(7.15?p 1, the INLI,]ntcci insanity of so Ille011.2 the-alid

Who wanrs r.r) ILl srii Lire hrrsell 1c r FEeilirs phantom? One rd.:kt :3S :111 character in Fiction. The latter 1llillks that he ,I l;$
Fienop. c.ark ofic~. not 1.....3nt t ch a' WIR:11?
, 3(10r1k4:rkt lkikS 15E71 . 1;3[1-CE.Inlie riff ;I •holc. hour with C: radiva, with. Li LI-Lhly gJoust" (21.1g/tags-

11.1- ri.sk, In a rum/ on !lie. s.i.ihic.ct c5i Freuirs th<scs. grrp-..arl),. glhoug,h Ihc has liceli bLielcd siELCC L[]c cat.astropitt, of . 7:9.
The titc2iis ?midi] fn sr s_iy the 1:remli..111 art.. w analogriec crith 01051. For an [HMI( 113{'11 tilt! 1.311[1

corn r.adictory. :1E rc- the Ix-ginning ti.ich that
the ar t-Ili...T. ri`hu.5. it is For every cr).necpt; always (lislocating itcclf
is OVIt: with it al. k h th 51A1114_' with L11E1 tht:Sh
Su Ikl i i pkwts arranges 4. oi5oepts. tht.. hig.ciry c5f concepts,
-
rgairr. her SII Ititilti, and I LiikeP143. iIi.r Archnno14)gist, rrniains
But Inc alf.n remains duped by
What tiff ill Freu.g1 do? Hc hin.([ firm df..arly 1 rme..41 ti]t! ciAsslrai
prubicili Uf 11FL phaiLtuin. r ilc3 of t he phmitgini, in li[onalLire_ [ h< - -

tlien lormatiun much :I% their .11 :1 11 , 1.1 . 4 11( 1. 1•." is IRA Eh( Unly G.k(142 [0 be ill L CUM' or la hurrre rrolla
LI
Why stress ..c[wcriatity 114•rt...? ] .veatis.c. 0.1 (Spgoru.r:mg). Fzi•c..(1 with tilt '' .11)1}arition

ask Lilt first WA.12 rr r.c For we hA}•t

85
84 ficcaucc- hr. had thc auclacit.L. to .1 ,1 hint tint [11;1C•, VC{' I Fir I•.111(1 - 9, , -

a con.firknrio.1 rcspoilw wimse archive he would 11 C"I:C1 unl•eili.= Un- . firSt SeC11 'In the furnii 1)1- 3 5.193[C: and then ora fanta5.tical
{I{FLJkliC(1.1y, 111.3E In ti1C. firm pl;irc..: struciL3K tk. arc hivc. linage (l'haniusrebild). • 1 1.CM thnl. 11. 1.11. 4)5.1..il.latc simply bc-
-

es Apee.E•al. II Ls ;II cr pr•r.err! eftiiILC7 IkeCSI•LI HUI ;.L15.W.311 " ilk uwc‹.iii (Vic phanburci and rca.11(y., clico.iwe reality (Epgritiiti.id., rowing
ViSIETIC nar invisihlo, a I racc always rilicrring Iti ..Ln- it [IL 4.]1.101.A[L011 [11;lek)., !'felt{] slae.Yks 451..L - real " Ohl isi (in
hpr wl5ow ctics can nyver [1]C1, no (134)1• [11:111 0111:1113lek's (7e.pop.a): "Is. sht- hAllit•iliaticm of mil- Ficro lc(' astray by i

i1;1111'1". [II;1311(S i0 [10SCil]iliky Of ViS01". AIS;(1, Ill(• SFR:CO- al IlliCkri • his delusions!' Is she a 'real' ghosi? or a living pc.r5orli
sL disseminagicig iission from which the arcliontic prin- PrrfoittP ' (171. To ask oneself these queslionn, Frn.Ed notcs,
I -
 not nccd - hclicyc in 04-3sts.' The mid the "icnEiLin - thc. par picce? And vokii this
ungtnicicr ,. tiro 4)nly inorc ivireit.i.ibic in that Jensen, the author of iition have. to do with the truth'
what Ile himself caRs a ".1...,..rn,a.stit: Jiction"{.1 .".ia.r.24.riicsigick), has. nor Wc know Fhr Freudian exi.lon;:iticin. AntirvilorNi l'V this strange.
tu aI vvl§ctlICS 1.1L 1,41 :111)1.4.- 4t 11..) .1) S prosaic iirotrxoll. it mobilizes Nicriogic.a.1 inachlinery
E Hi• if hr. vi.•.1ritc4.1 LAS 1r;msport las into 3111.11114. - r
lice.11.311.1:111LN IL
E1:13.1•4:5:61)31._
veil I" 6111)i C h spit ;1 Cid ghosts [6.z" CI 10 .1' rind t fpionCte•) scro 111.Jr SE1OL311.i JRIE fOrgCr r[1.31 if Elle F3SyCI - 14].1.n.4134: cx[FIAILation of
reality I Eilirkficilivitr 117. try y ornipbasicl. We as
prepared to 1 :n1- delusion, 45f hannrciiness, of hallociti3tion, if the psychoanalytic
the author or fictim a.s iaL " t15r examples of Flamini' and theory of siccter , . in Rim.. leaccs a port, . 513...trcof nonveri5imili-
.5.4Jcbcf.1.1." kodc ilutxplatot(1 or rzithcr uerisimileor, c.ari ying truth, thii
[xi Eh 11.1: 11:Cr ILIrga iE: JL 131iCklay, :11 dIr " 1110E3F glv vas." 1(;crf caus42, and }'(cud Ei2Cogni•c5 it hEIL3SCH a bit furdici
slit appears fir 1.15 iIi all BUM eilditi:ci.r.r, :L Er Lail ski 3E1S.:LIILIElf 4.P3' E3ilmunti:c.iricss. A.1101 oguEls
CNICricricc . y.e.odrirw, for thc iii the ni5ve1, in an lo that truth- which Freud clisiingluishrs, notably in Aft.,
experience the Itrniguage. or which, index(' the tnulciplicity CPI 1211- ge.0 From th.r ILinateriat truth," 1111. 2; trLIIh is rrpres:(1 car supplyssca.
gl.LI.g5, Cannot lx alYSLJ'aCLI:d away to Isaac inkr:Ej inirc perc.,:ption Hut it rc.sists and renews,. as such, as the slx.ctral truth of delusion.
45.1" kn
Verl ."1 I rely pereeptivc I 33___.
1111 L IELLELL01.3. 11:1L11.1.1 .01150 4clijirc:$m: i
or of hakinici.ineSS. IL reftex7J1. it belongs, it comes down to spectral
ItitJyl r ( -4:11.1i 1..:L ill Greck spectrol existenec -
gr L1L[1. 1)4:111SEUL3 .1Mal31.1.y, 1LaL3E3L4:4.111C5 EN. Hut oiLl'• i1.111.1.11Lcd. by Lhi.
It/fel Or) 11-1 1v1Aint-d1 thu ionw•r to spcnic (Spar.r . iivertni.jscoo). 9N or Iliad ghost, Gravida for cx...iinplc, [rut by 11I4: ]p.C4A.CF 1).1111.4: truth.
resprattsr. hi~ Then Ac14Iress•s her in T.atm, Shc 5-nlidcs and asks hillyt which hns 1111.3S ri'13141SNCEL 7154! truth is siructnil, ;Ruck L[1 -15 is
ro speak ill his 111131.3CT German: "l you want co. speak part of truth which is in-cducible by explanation.
10 El/.L, y4)1E11E105111{1- Ll 311 C.k-'11111r.111, 1 A phantom. can thus bu A biL fair thy. on, .FriitEd Dticropt$ again to alltaw Jr,
u toaccount
to. 14.1i4)/11_ tn this Our,. allergic [4.3 111411( Uln C , its ILICS [34.)E
for this part in 16 hallucinatory 111:4.4.1131111g 011 - thZ Uli.:111:11=11.)gia:
Idresl it ill j. usl Ling13;11.g.e. IF 1:1W 43eC4E1114)1Lly, oricc again,
n Lox Of thr. (11.krkr, F rhr• trancriction ;mei 711.,.{1. el.t If a 1)011N:it t15 his fie/41:51.0.E3 SO. iircnLy, rE1is ES nig 1.X'CCLL35C
suirm (14Krwsliicity: haunting iniplics places, a habitation, [.CO RC5dilrhi J^rcANC/i.11 Ibis f.lcL]Ity OfiL3Clgeffirrilr LINS i1C4'11 0 1 14- T-
and a E3H111EICC1 turned niid does not :3CEQ:'. fri)Erl '11 1041:1T is false lima isrl i1 th
r FELJ5 LS 14.,11.ge 54E3;tracii frmn.q4112stiOlti. of a `r` ilctri r (.3.11 I he 4.".03LINify, is ;I gram of Truth concealed irs
Lbu5 L13 L1. 4.1.C.14:111015S: is .3 1)11.11110111 - EA,';.1.1 - 1341t cycry ciELLISIC5IL ISM/de-TF.1 r.r.i jecieln SIC•okr• Ci.r1 Kdr.r.16ACTI
al S4) "lrutii." What ibout the truth fol . Frclull, hcc.-1.1 Wc2.1:11, 11Cgi I, 1E1•EC is _Nonici king 1 ❑ El 1E1:11 1Cally .13CNCI'VC.1 4)C[3. Cf[cf
1,Vhat, in his eves. is the share, Ole allowance, the part ut . ill riwas rrrr Tama, ferti re...if -IA• dcrr GidiurbE•n crn.ficrg I , :111ki 1E11: 4
truth,' Ilecause he believes in somerhing par( oi the I
11E4.' si 3111- Cr fir Qii.elle I (.3f . pnlicrit's conviction, is there-
l IC LJS !liar Und•r anialysm, pl.ychuandlytic .examinatiun, 161't Lta t Erri X Et 31. LIN Li II ied LejeF 41141%1 SU ber•e -
tEli 43 4:1 1. L.1.1.), E LI.Lk EJ• VCI 3:i I 1 1.111i I. (die th.r1L.V.15 die.4ef gzeng eke} s ErLIC EC ❑ 312.111. !dint; Vitro rofe, this Lruth,
ir .1 reci) scums tlis.sipat• . . 224 Me'Pgr.'heil), :11 EiLC Er1.11.13 .1NCCii Crf 1.r1.31[1 .1,1LOINCVCr, his king bcco. rcp3c5scti ran I
4c - '11114.• gre:illeT part [Zilln31;11 1;.1.0%Cren [Mir Loge Zell f'erciriingsl. 1i- eventually it ES :1[31t: tca ]acncume into curl -
SEII114114- iy a kick c1I verisimilitude which scenls V dissipate with rhis zirrie in a dist.orted forni lrtJ entstelifre• Farm], the
uxplicsi '1(111. at lecist Jpz large iyart!‘\ r hat is this. part.' What is it due 5crist• Cori >r ii i c h i rte to it i ovce-inte.nsilied 111i)ogli
Lu, LiLlS pliCLC WI1LLL1 resists \r[1:1: 111i5 (n t[1.0 by SAW: COE15[10,2JI5:ainn nrid is now 0.t.tr.lChed 14) die: (liS14.)310EI
 NUbSlitnte of 113c repressed truth lam .1::nt.fteliungserwtz dei
tyr.
do -iingto, J. 180]
detilthCr the ardliVr If IhiS
. III read its triad h on
the monument or this portion, one mils' take inc account a plys-
theik. this "diStOrted 5113:56RM:1' But a part of tiiith remains, a
Fm.-4,:c: or a loam of truth b-reathes at the hearr of the delusion, of
I be illusion lie Cif 01C hat.11111.01..111C$5, ThIS is a
fig-
tuc we find ;4y,ain literally in •foirs, precisely when I:1 cud di.st in •
gin5hes "historical" truth rronn "material truth. Fur CX-1111.1)147:
- office. I le recognizes tilt.. dead person. I Ie. tells himself then that it
MOWS W;15 the first all, and ('Iris[ was his/n
0.4,-1.4- fivbsrittere
.
(Ersatzmann),. his representatrve and his successor,
in this case,
Saint Paul was in ;I cct Scnst itistillcd to address the nations as
In' did Ronnir azido Palates trot einer gt-wiiren hi_$foriftlien ge? c chti -
Rung den •el•er - tP ver-r-gfr -fr) to tell them that thr Messiah
had in el-
Ica come. 4644h:A gekomnien) OM That he lvas p u t to ..hd-ore
your ey12s" (vv, Atege-0. "Then, too," Freud says, - there is
ul elcalelit or historical truth in Christ's resurrection i . hterallv, a
piccc of hi cior eu Sthat hiilwgfauT Ji ahriuffit, for he wa s
.
.
the resurrected .1 .,105.es and behind lom thc returned prinial latlwr
1
[Unwed of thr.• primitive horde, transfigured and, as the son, put
in the place of the lkher" [901.
!laving thus accounted I-or the parr of truth, taken care
to [Sane
rl,c saved of truth in the htilluelnation of the
archaeologist who is
prey 141 the day ghost," Freud tliCarLS (4)ilhinl this truth of
revisitalion. ire to demonstrate ...chile illustiating. With the
art of manipulating its suspeni.e,, like a narrator or like the
Qi 2 fit13011, hr. tClIS air, ail turn, a st{ ry. But as if it were the histm.).•
dr. a Caw. Not the C3se, Ofa patient, but the case of a
doctor. "I know of . a Kloctoi," Etc s.;irc ISE 9; 71]. The doit:tor kid
ern gliact. i lr had sviEncss.cd tlic sprk ita.1 ettii n (Oa dead pci son
-
;lnrl he UMW, in 51.)ni, hear witne5•1 to it. Freud had just noted that
the belief in spirits, in specters, and in returning souk Orr Glauhe
fin Gthiter .r4nd (;cspen..4 ..r und u_liederfekeendr Seelca)slicni
‹
id not be
Laken as a simple residue of religion and of chilt=11101x1,
'he exiwricriee in N•lik-11i we meet pectcrs or let them conic visit
us remains indestructible and ilticicitialllc The MUM CtihiVatc4_1 7
.
most reasonable. the most nonklieving pcolik ensily reconcile r.
Certain cilifitUaliSITL Nvith re- 3soil. \V(' know about the FreudI.IFI in-
trigue on the sub1ect of telepathy. I tried to discuss this elsewhere,
in a more or less- fictional fashion, and I will not go back into it.
What is aR he-re LS an analogous problematic. I :rtmci wants 10
teach with the aid. of an example: "Ith weirs run einem Amt," "1
know a (11x tor ..." Arid he tells us., is if it had to do with someone
-
else, the misadventure of all colleague. The latter repi (niched ltiln-
SC:4 fur a professional improdtricc; it may have led to the death oi
one of his patients. Many y4...33 S
. latc.lr, he sees kl young girl enter his
.
w ieder
is "true laws-kr] that the dead can [allele back 14.0.0 fie Toren
17111. His hallucination had ken favnreci, it was
kW Urn EA if:irg.r?C71
lucky, if you will: the sp. --ter prescnted itself as the sister of the
decca.scd WOInell and also suffered 1 11)111 jravcs disease.
. ( '
leer is clic amp- dr rileccir)e, the di aniatic twist_ Frctid prctelickd
to speak of si uncomic- else, of ;E colleague. (If I were IL} be ii1111104.101
(0 Sliell p)int, doubly inkruodcrst, l would say that he did whir
am doing in speaking cif a colleague, Yerushalrni. while I am speak-
ing of myself.) 1- 7 rcud presents himself, he says, in sum "here I am":
"Der Ara abet, don rich this ereigner, rt r id! felin „ . ," "The doctor
ElIWIL01111 11k1S CH:X11MM was, 110'bveliCr, none 4.411c1 than .1 L'iSC if .
[72]. And. he does not fail icy cli;i1tr 3 ConelUSion: he is in a 1401.
to refuse H:1 boldthe arehneologist the clinical postikil
E14.)Sit inn nut
ity of a brief delusion, but also the right to a riarriYe. hallucination.
As 50011 as a semi-specter appears, it is also the right of manifest
(Vb•hiCil is a bit spectral, 1.1.1 pars spectral) in
ti0E1 Of a i,:c
of "real phantom. - The Jpreirs, die
ilic 13C r in c if a Si )1 11 of .51 de
aspi-4.1, the spri-te•. this is what remains to be seen with the truth,
what is needed to spec 111;1U^ with the true of that truth.
-
In the end, Ye.rushaltin is right. He h:is rnanagCd to allow for
truth's part. FrCiki had his gliost_s., he con Lt r,rl occasion. 11c I 89
kob
palEakc in his truth. l it livid his, and he ollx:yed thoii
t'vloses, ;HO a few cithers), as dines Verushaltrii
Stielorimh, Sigmund Slichnnoli, his Moses, mid :I few others), arid
I myself (Jakob, Hayiiii, niy grandfathers. Mows and Abraham,
and a kw others).
Freud's discouisc oil the archive, and hcrc is the tilleS15 421 1 t he
ros ix- AS does his 4:4 MCC pi Or t tic archive.
t WS,
It takct, Ltiw tJ Lontradictory forms. That and th is
is v.•15): we say.
tats always. iranslaae all AVoWal,. art Ithr Jr" ver. Onr. shutild
he Able t'' find traces of this contradiction in all Freud's rrrark s. Tloi,
contradiction is nor negative, it nriodulatcs and condirirms thc very
Formation of the cuncept of the ;Luc hive and of the curkepi in gen - few others. In °Wei words, if we no longer know very well what
ci al—right where they bt-a, the cutituttliction.
If Prend suffered froni ma/ if igra hive, iI his case stuns from
trrairbire (It t au hive, he is lint withinit his place, sirlullitaile(Msly, in
r .
the archive fever or disorder we are experiencing today, concerning
its lightest symptoms or tiv great holocaustic traguilitsolour mod-
e rn history and historiogr2phy: Concerning all tilt dttegkle revi-
Nil:J[1164ms, as well as the mos./ legitimate, necessary, and eknirageous
rewrii jugs 01 histot !J. 15c:fine gathering and fintitalizatig the double
Freudian postulai1.011 ;1b011.1 ihr archive, I would. like 10 illSCIFS: 11)e
French expressions just used: ihe treed 121c de Parc/rive and the mai
-
dare•,we.
Nuthing is less reliable, mthing is lcsa. clear todkry than the word
3 •
And no only becaus.c of the two in delis of the a•khi- we
thstinguislied at the h.cgiricung. Nothing is more t roulplucl ariii mom
troubling. The trouble with what I4 troubling here is undoubtedly
. PS re n
what troubles and muddles Our 'riciion (as they say in French), what
inhibits sight and knowledge, but .itlso the trouble of troublec.1 arid
troubling affairs (as 1.[Icy also say in French), the trouble of set; rots,
of pli.pt.f., of i_landcsiinciiess., (i• 11.111-privme, h;.11.E toriji.1 I:1-
.
ithiS, 411Willyh. it 1 I IC 1111.51:Lbtvkilnir ilKstIVCCII public: and private, be-
tween the family, thu society. the Stare, berwcen the family and
:tit intimacy even. more private than the family, beiween oneself
and oneself. I thus nanic the 1,remble, or what is called. in English
1 Ile - trouble,'" of thesr visions anti of thcs.c alLiis in a Fluid' idionli
that is Again untranslatable, to rrcall IcaNit that tin: arelliVe ;11WaVS
1101115 o problem for trandation, With tlie irrcplaceabie singularity
of a docuryic...in lo ink-Trim to repeat,. to i . uprodUCe, cash rime
in its original uniqueness, on archive ought to lac idiomatic. and
thus at once offered and unavailable for trauslatiwi, open to and
shielded I rr_pui teulMical itcrallOn reprodkiction.
Nothing is 11.1 ILO more tronbIrd and more troubling; today than
the concept archived in this word "archive." 'What is wire prob-
able, on the other hand . and ! 111(.1-re clear, is that psychoanalysis is
not without rcsponsibility in this trouble. It wants to analyze. it, but
it alsu heightens iI. In naming psychoanalysis here, um I cfcrs al-
11C,Idy.. III ;Ally e.isc to the archive which is chisqificd, at 111'01;
sionohy, under the riaine taf u pSyC1110.:Inalycis, " ni'Frciid,- and 0.f a
we are saying when we sat.. "arcliivc," Freud" is undoubtedly nor
-
withuut respunsibility. But the 'mint of Freud, the name of the
Treads, have seen, itself thus problematic.
The tr 0111frie farrhIvr SEM] IC from a ma/ d'architl.. Vi.re are nit
mai ercirt•hire: in [wed i)f archives. Listening to the French
and in it the attribute (72 and dr, to be co meter darckive can mean
something else than to miffer From a sickness, from a (rouble ur
Irvin what the noun mai might IIaIIIe. 11 15. ti.) burn with A passion.
lt is n.ever to J cst r from scm ilking for the i1r4:11ive -
right where it slips away. It is to rim after Olean - hive, even iFthere's
too much of it, right where something in it atuirc.hives itself_ it is
to have. a compulsive, repetitive, and nostalgic desire for the ar-
chive. an i i FE: reSS11111('. 4.114,1311rC to return to the urigin, a homesick-
ness, a 110S1:11g1:1 for the rt.turn to the 1114,5I archaic place of akmulute
commit-met-mew. No 41,A. , llo drive,
- 00 C00111.3151011,
1114 14..TC[ no repetition compulsion, no u rtrai-dc." ran arise for a per gon
who is not already., in one W2V or another, en ma darchwe, Now
r.rv.sion of the Freudian gesture, and
the principle of We internali
thus VII the Fr CI 1,1d1i111 CulkOuplt o Eke archive, IS that at tilr I111.01TIVIt
W11 4:11 11 $y 1...61.3 ;mtiLitysi5 1uritrali2.4.75 the cunditions of archive f.c.ger and
of the ardtive itself, it rcpcals the very thing it rcsists or which it
makes its object. raises the makes. Such is the case with the three
plur ow thews (or prostheses). Three of 1hein Itavt to do with the
concept of the archive, one other with the conixpt of concept_
I 91
Jr. Pirit thesis antifirsi surench 'ere f1Ja 2 a Ind)
-
On the one hand, in effect, with I lir single bur decisive conception
of a topic of the psychic apparai us (and dim of repression or of
accii_Priling to the places of iitscripni)n, 114 11111. 1.111.S14 and
Freild 1_01.M511.dC Illf LiEL archive [1113 1y:11y .
speaking, of a hypc.)rnricsie tar technical artlii,e, of Lhc substrate or
thi. ! (material or virtuol) which, in what is already a psy-
-
 chic spacing.. ...annul be rt laced to memory: neither to memory as
Inesents itself and confluents On itself 1.3v nscli. "Stones talk!" In
.

conscious reset ve, nor to Inez notv aS I ernern oratiori, as act die preterit. ...11e.r.prowerif With4)1.1a hypnarr.cesid chilea .rgiSL lkaS
Till.• MA
U' ;11'4.1 i.:011)C UllICIrf .171.ritzwle 1101' wider SUILICCeded irk making the archive no wrvc any fun, I kin.. 11
COMES tO effeter oself, It heernneS tran1SNI rent or LineSiernial 54; lo
lily Me otter hi ma. as I tried to show in "Freud and the Scene
0.1 1 -
ICE Ille Entscut ASCU in person. I without MCdi•itiCrn and
oj Wrtting," this does 110E stop Freud. as classical metaphysician,
without delay. Virr illtOtit even the memory 4.)la tiarislation„ once the
from holdurg the technical prostliests to he a s•cconda.r• and intense work .I) lralksiation Arid IJLLs Would Lac tht!
exter rot iv_ in Tat' or ICSO1 tint!, to What he hOlilS to Lca 111 1XICI
%dya WE" of an "arminitcsis: The link! Vrriod consecrates to this
- "

of auxiliary representroiLm, he invariably maintains a. prinka•y of long voyage. in a field of excavations Also says skunctiring fir jouic
live memory arid of a narkincsis irk thvir;
0T.g.11ary temporalization. catle e. I le ...you'd like it (0 tke incertntnable, he prolongs ir Iknrifir rh•
-

From whtch ..•Ve 13:WC the

arChaerilOgiCat outbidiling by whieli psy • pretext of pedagogy or filet:uric;
choanalysts„ in its archive fryer, always atttr13iltS 10 return 10 tiTC
4 3 1 ig
in of that which the r,trchive lusts whale keeping it in a Nit trd.cr 1 t: X pl :kirk the ti )11. S 11 p. 1he Inediud
Fr ! idriplieity or places- As we have 11014'd all along, there is an inces-
wilidk we have Ito citiploy for this purpoi.c. and die older inciliod
-

sant tension here between the archive and atelkaell14.40._ They )f Fine.ininrstic enquiry, I should like to bring before you an anal
-

always be close the 0110 to the other, resembling, each other, hardly
"P taken from ;.in V;.11ICC that has in fact htwri made in another
.

discernible in their co-implication, and yet. incompatible, rick' of work,

hefewerrieeths, dim is lo say• thtk rent with regard to the *rokiir, in di
Imagine that An cnkpluytr arrives in a little-known icgion
ton-e irga•i ru the ark/hf, Now Freud was incessantly tempted
where his nitcerst is arotiscci an eqtariSe Of fl1111S, With re
To redirect The originiki interest hc had for the psychic artiiiir's: to-- mains of walls, fragments of colimirt..., and tablets with half-
wand arcl kaerrIngy (the word "ari)air." b the ‘v.iy, am wars Arcady
effaced and unreadable inscriptions, He may content himself
-

in the Suidres on thille7/.42 ( 189 5}1-5 h: The sctlie Ckfc Xfavali011,

,
with inspeaing what lies exposed to view, with questioning the
th.„ theater of az chaeological digs are the preferred places of this inliallitacits—p„.1 Imps. semi-barbaric people- •wfio live in the 10 i- .

brother to I lama F..cli time he wants to tract] th e t ,c3pol ogy o f about whal tradition tells them of dic history and mean-
a rciiives., [liar is to hay, of s•vhat ought tucx.ciuulc or forbid the ret urn
ing of these archaeological l'efflairkS, alld with noting down what
to [lir Mr lovur 111 N14)4tr: figikr proionscs arelia•ologwal they tell him- and he may then proceed on his inurn•y. llut he
parables. The mr3St prc-cociotrs or rikcin
rd111:11'kable and the miEst
may !Act differently. 1 ie rnay have brought picks, shovels and
known„ in the sl tidy of hysteria of 1896. We must once again spades with him, and he Hwy SEA the inhabitants to work with
underline a kw words in this work to mark what is to lily (- yes the.:
these implerneikt_ Irogether with 111C1n he may start upon the
-

likoht nickincnt. A rounin.....nt and Mil process,. this in.Stallt{11.1C5

ruins, clear away the rubbish, anti, bc.Tiiiiiing frOnk 11.1C visible
9z 111.it ttk 1.thori►us tirciphcrinF. 111 It is the rernaros. utreckver what is buried. If fris wurk 1;,f oThwiled with me -

nearly ecstatic instanr Freud 41nrarlis cat whcit the very it..ICt••3 Ol
,
cmc, the disc um-ries are feffexpiaiiiireny: the Mined walls arc part
-

must sign the efricernent of the archivist: Mr origin Mcii

die dig
of the t nk par is of a palace or a treasure-house; the fragments of
5peaks Tht appears in the nude, without archive. Ii Lohlikuis can be tilkd slut intil it IC tnplct; the 131,1rnerous inserip -
I ions, which,. J... good I tick, May ire laitii1 L1at, rcveat an alphabet

N. As 1 was rreikintled alter thrt teclure b) Dasiv Nobils, Whom I flkailk, arcs a lariguag•, anti, When they have lmcn deciphered and 1 talks-
lhr cairn- ikcgc1 Appeats .195)V him f Lim mites def reTyrifeicir.
' latex], yield kiricircarticti-of information about the events of the
41M.i. retnott.L. past, to cornmenkorate which the morkuments were built_

•_
 axe.' loquunard rile Aetiology earl lysteridn (I 696). SE 3 192, Jogical digs but Hilishes by ex.oreising them in the moment he At
my etriph...isi.sr" last says, the work having been terminated (or supposed to lust
lac..rn), "Stones talk!'" fie bdieves lie has exorcised them in the in-
stant he 10.5. ILILCE11 talk, provided that these specters tank, he tte
2, SCO.Mal _+etund sure' ch re (fir Khey bid)
Heves, in the figurative., Like stones, th:n
On the one hand, the arelti•e is made possible by the ddeath, aggres-
O kind (km ruction drivc, iliac is to 5ay also. by 03 iginary finitude
SiiL,
3, Third theysis and third saireneliZTe fhighrr bid)
and bevothl ILIEILIEL1414.7 ;VS litnIL, [ILIAC IS, alb WC Said

;i1;14)%1:, t]iis properIi - rr1 finiie 1]I 4JVCIEL•Ilt I filsli4: ;i1 des-UM hull
- - fhe ton- hand, 111:1 1)11it! has iliLIMinated better than Freud villat
Which no ardlive desire or fever would kipper). All tits i•xis lunte cabled the arcliontic Of the which
ill the Jaunty and rd the period ur Bcyond the Pleuffi•e Prinuldr presupposes 1114)t air nrigi nary atiffte but the noinological ankhe
explain in die end why 'here is archivization and why anarchiving of the law, of institution, of domiciliation, of filiation. No one has
LICSIFLICILEJL3 Lt) die process of archivization loci prudULts analy7ed, that is also to say', deconstructed, the alai [writ) of the ,

the very thing it rudiaccs im ri<ciision tu ashe, and Iwynnii,

p
.:trchontic principle better than Ile. No one has shown how ibis
M11 Mr .1(Je0' 'rand, Ihr 1111)1111CnE. Ilarldpliy- paternal and ir.itriardll.i.;, pri3Kiplc only posited it-
sician and a, positivist ArilkIdory, ac critical, 5cientisi of a p.;ist cp.uch, self to repent itself and rctiirried tea re-pusit itself unly in parricide.
zi5 a "scho]arn who this in_lt want to speak with phantoms, Freud T t iimotifitS to repressed or suppressed parricide, in 1.11C 13;ifliC Of the
claims not to believe ill death and above all in the virtual exiStellee hither as dead father. The arc bonne is at best the takeover of the
-

al i Lhe s pe rail spat e whit;li be Jloilethr le5S takes Low a( COUllr. archive by the brothers. l'hr miklality and the liberty Sur brothers, A
Likes it into 41ecount so :is to account For it, amid kic intends LIF ac- Ct Jtaill, Still idea 0141r.1110Cracy.
-

count For it or prove it righi only whilc urc h w i ng it tea 3L^lncthir1 nut rhr other hand, in tire as its his WOritS, tit. 111S 11)4.7.010k4.1d

other than himself. that is to sav, to something, other than die other. theses as iii the compulsion of his institutionalizing str.negy, Prcud
I le 1..•ancs to explain and reduce the belief iii the phantom. He repeated the patriarchal logic. 1 le riecla red, notahl• in The Rat
i.-ants to think through the grain 01 truth of this belief, bin h t fan, that the patriarchal right (Kiterrecht) marked the civilizing
I ,elieves. that o1ic CailL301 1544 11 CIICVC in ElLeni and th l;lt 0I1C (ught no
, progress or reason. l ie el en ac.141cci to it in a pacriarchic higher bid,
14) brlivvr in them_ Relief, the radical 141(T14,11LICILLIlk of belicving, even 1.1.'lleft• all hiS inheritors, the psychoanalysts of all cowl! ries,
only relationship possible to the her as other. does not in the rntl have willed th4-110.•l•es as a single Marl ELF .11.1.111J'er' lkirn :and Et3 raise
have any possible place, any irreducible status in Freudian psycho- stakes. Tn the point that certain people can wonder if, decades
analysis. 'Which it Ilorittheless make.s possible_ From ;Alter his death, his sons, so many brothers, can yet speak in their
ii.ivc: tic ar•havidogical L.11.10.1iddilt1,; 01;1 return to die realit!,, here tJWIL MUM. Or if his daugh14.r ever came to life (thel, tlevr
to the orOnary efkrtivitv Li r a 11;175C cif 11111MCdlaIC pcin.. cptic_pu._ A
- anyilung othyr than a phantasm 4)r ;1 SpeC...EC1 1 Gradiva reclizimr, a 95
niore profound and safer Kase th an dial of 1l.in o ld the arclu eo l o . Zoc-Itcl tgang passing through :11 B•rggasse 19.
gist. EYeri more archaeological. The parR-dox takes on ri sti acing,
properly hallucinatory, 13rin at the monwrit Freud sees himself
e^ltl igcd to Jet the phantoms tilrAk. 101 WC duration of the rirehaeo-

.21, t he! 4 1 13, r]le' r II Ible bytr,1133cn -C.1141'11...Lrim .. w11 thc c5cL. ay.;111.1.111
.114 mined sive [4: lir?8],
-
 Postscript

By cliailor, I more these last words on the rim of Vesuvius, right

llear Pompeii, less thaJk right days ;Igo. For iut3re than twenty ytars,
each time live returned to Naples, I've thought of her.
Vii'ho better avail Gradiva, I said to myself this Iiinc, the Gra d rtu
rat Jcnse ❑ and of 1-i'reIKI, could Lltustrate this outbidding in ihe morf
d'art hive? Illustrate -it where it 15 no longer proper LC} Freud and to
-

illiS coliccpt of the :archive, wlitie it rnarkS in its very str nettlre (and
'his is fliPPI-"110J-f-dry :hest') die rolTnillicui of ei•ery concept,
.

the Vr ry hist4,1y of conceptinn:'

Whtm he wants to explain the haunting of he a rclyaei ?logi$r with
a logic -uirepreshitm, at the very moment in which he specifi e s that
he w tiLs 10 teCogilizie in it a grrrn Ora parcel of truth, Freilil a l im5
Si ;,Lint to brin g to light mort- origin my than that or th.c
-

specter. tin the oiltbiddili g , co be 411 archivist vpillo is more

Of 211 arell_ACni °gist than the archaerangist, rlaad, of rim rSe Closer
p

the ultimate came. better etiologist Ilion his intyvchst.

nallaine it more archaic inipraliOn, he w.;ints 10 exhibit a illorT ar
rmirrira than the one tlLe Other aschaeologiqs or all k inds
1310 4.11c riem104.1,. those 4 )f . jtid Ilkost.• ril objeciive
science, an impriiii thiir is sit4;4112r each 111.m
is aliriosi no longer an archive but -Almost confuses itself with the
pressure of the foutstep that leaves its Innrk an a sub-
s! MU`, Li S.Urface, .1 ptic.e of origin. 'When the- step is sill one with
the sulik-otilc. iillti.tra ....Aker) clic prmEed areho,c is yet to
hr detaCillcd iron] t]t' prill)ary iinpreshiun 1.11 its. S ingular, irrepro•
-
41tIcible., arc hair, of NUL In au. Umlaut when the ijapr i ut i s yo.
to he left. 4Lhandoncil 1 .1 3 the pressurc of the iPriptcssimi,
. the 111.-
5tanr 4-dihc pure auto-affection, in the indistinctron of the .ictivc
and the passo.e,. 01 a muching am.] the touched_ An archive which
viiould ilk Sum confuse %%.i.th the arkiii.5, with the origin u•
whi4.11 it is only ile tyitie. 111C rypt.ik. the letter ur character_
An aldliivr archive, WhiCIT, fit)11.1
Eh(' intpICSSi(111 (11 its imprint, Gradiwis footstep %peaks by its4.-111
Now this is CS:arlly what plane lfi diteilunCd of in his disurich.Thrrd
3 rckzicologist's desire. in 1.1 m. moment %Olen he awaited the-corning
.
lie - mid-day gl if Fst.. -
I I; u s From archive. liwcr. le haN the suclk(c
ularchACcdogy, Hc had, the novel says, 114:•OILle .1 master ita the ar t
of dvciphering the most indecipherable, the innst •rligmntie graffiti
(in de EmzfferfeNR Ichay-r eutratselburrr graftin). 13tic he had lind
.r-nuugh ddl his scicnce and of his abilittc.s. His iraRaticiit desire. re.'-
brilcd against their positivity as if before 4_1cath. This science itself
%vas of the past. What it tatight, he said to himself, is a Fill:it:1.N
Ch coloRit ntuitiim (dote IchLst firehrMlogische ti.ccharetryg).
in the moment when Pompeii conies back to life, when the dend
awake (a'ic Lew:Area auf, uta l'arupeji ling an, wierlieV 1. 01),
lanold u1141Crstaadls ev el v thing. Fir undei stands why he had trav-
eled through l&oltie and Naples.. Ile begins to know (wessr-n) what
he dill not then L ni1W, nairiely his drive" or
And tins knowlcdgc, t, cronpreliminli,, this dveEphr-ring of the
interior desire to decipher which drove him On lo Pompeii, all rif
this conics back to him in an act of memory (Erinnerung). F-k
LAN that he (411114.e to sec if he could find her traces, the iraces of
foci.tsEcps (r. 1) co
, . Auer en alit Jiro. auffinden kbime).
rc iw here` is a which is never taken into ii{L.APlUllt,
ilk Jensen's reading. nor in Freud's. and this point Cfmfvklikcis incrru
than it distinguishes: I ianold has conic to starch for these traces in
the literal sense weirtirthey Sinne). E lc dEtAins of bringing back
to life. I le drealti rathr.• of It:living. Hut of rehving the other_ Of
reliving the singular pressure linpryssirni wit:14,11 Gradiv.a's step
the SIrp itself, I he step of Gradiva herself, th a t %.-cry day,
chat that date, in w.lat wias inimitable a lIOklt 11, 111111.St haVe
left in the ashes.. f he dreams this irreplaecablc placr, thy very ash,
-
where tIki 5inguiar imprint, like a signature. barely distinguishes
['self' from the iiiij5ression. And this i5 the Condition of singularity',.
idiom, the secret, testimony. It rk 1he condition for the unique,
ness. of the plinier prinici.l, of the
, inipreSsinn And the imprint, of
the pressure and its trace in the unkikiC insfani wherc they are not
yet distinguislitd the one from the other, forming in an IFIffiltd
iingIe body u (railiva's st ep, of lker gait, ref her pact (Cavan.). and
of the ground which carries them. The trace no longer distin-
guishes itself from its substraee, No Ringer distinguishoLg b euvetyl
themice-ire.r, this prrs51,11re ani I this imprint &bin r hvinc c forthfr oma il
adze/ LininT5.510111S, from all other it sprints, and from all other ar -
Chi\ c'N. At least that imprint (Abdruck), distinct from all the others,
must l rediscovered—but this presuppickses both memory and the
rdinev. glue oric and thc other ;LS Ike, right u.r diC,AUNIc stdire_
Bile in the f3eld f cX.•avritions. Ft nni5L ]ac rrsusCitatcd right where.,
in an akolutel7i; safe lorgtion, in an irreplaceable place, it still holds,
.11 -
-
right on the ash, not yet having detached itself, the pressure ni
kiLiiiVa S SEJ Singidiar
' step.
This Is what ihmuld the archaeolugist means in a literal SUM('
by the literal '"In the literal sense" Om wOrdielben tin.
story says:
'cantr.• into hi5 coriseitnisness for the first time 1.zum
twitelt Wai l; "ith oli t being aware hirnself of the iinpul5c within
him, he hold wine to Italy and had 1 ra'hiclud Oil ter POINX.'li With-
SlOpping iii Home or Naples, in 4...ncler to sec whether
could find any traces her, And 'tr:1Cce in the literal .cerisc
relic err Sinnd: for with her iTetilinr gait she must have kit
behind an imprint iilbrifticid of h e r (.042A kn the ashes di s ti nc t
l'iroin all like rest.' I. .YE 9:65, !rails. modiftec11 2 '
22. " ... rnr windirhen Sitkilc, girrtrk Ixk ihrrl bchuntIcfck1 tlilthste
sie in dcr Ashe (-linen von licn tintcrwheiticilcicn Abdruck (ler
at
ittnterlusten habcri.."
 This uniquriitss does not resist. Its price is infinite. Lint infinite
in the extent to whi ll ii remains 1_111-
find:1111e. The posciliility &if the Archiving trace, thib
rty„ can only clivide the uniqueness. Separating the impression hum
die imprint. .Because this uniqueness is not even a pAst present, It
would have beer' possible, !JEW can dream of it after the fact, orik
:is its iterdbilitv, that is to say, it5 'immanent divisibility. the
nr its fission. 1,,,nnt,..-d it front the origin. The tAilliftil
111(1'004y of such a singularity Cali only Ex given over to the 5[iect4.•t
Is fiCri4.)n outdone hcre? Does it rack kmiwledge? Did ierisen
know less about This than 1 -sretid? 21 And Harrold?
One can dream or speculate alound this secret acec.outu.
Speculation begins 3]1Cle—kilkd 1'01A- But (Pith(' secret Itself" then:
Cal] 1 1 C nil ardtive by definition. I'lie secret is site \ cry ash of th e
l
archive, the place where it no longer even makes seits,r• to say - till:
y ash Ira ( entire menper or - right on tht ash metptr fee roarer'
-
There is no scarch.ing stir the Secret of. what anyone may
SCI1St.e in
inivc known. tlfr,tfir_il a Chili aster, Hanoi(' lilt a lcItaccoingist.
That is wlint this liter:min.! attestA. So here is a singular testi-
mom., literature itself, an inheiitor otuajw4.1.--or c.,,, anc i patc d_
from. lit Scriptures. Here is 1...hat it gives lis to think: the-in-6131;1Hk-
secret of Cr nal LW,. of I 111114,111.1, Of Jensen, MIN] tilCrl Lir FrCliti—iiiLd
Of 3 few others. Beyond every possible metcs....ary inquiry,
will always ii.voni.ler Freud (kw vecry "carritil
concealer" may lust Wanti...d to ktep secret. We will wonder
he may havr kcpi miconditionall rig.lit to sec recy, while at the
saint. IIIEW ' , Milling with the itCSIFC ti/ J !Now, 10 IlliakC kilOW11., and
to archive the ...Try thing lie euricral•tl forevcr, th ilithat W.ms con.
cealcd? What- did he conceal even beyond the intention to coriccni,
to ItC ,
. or to per Ur
Wr ti4 ill .irwdys wi mdc.r v414.11., ! his Med trarciliVe, lie niay
cutnEmmitin in Wit.,
burned- \Arc `11"---15 "mkterN Nildring
archivc fever., kt.rhat may have buried cri his secret passions, 4_11 Its
CE.11- 1-4 5p01141e11(C, or o r hi s "lirr ," ,..,ttrri‹..11 without Ilion, wil-min re.
mains and without knobvIcAlge. With no po..Y.F.ible resp.ouse, 1N... it
spectral or 1101,1110EL oral- beyond a suppression, on the other edge
of reptcssimi, origniary or NeCOMI.11V, without Z.1 31;1111C, vvithout the
least symplom, and witElulil clectl ;Uli ash_
Naples, 22 —2 May 1994

23. it is knirrvirri that Freud .1141 rLa1 fail I., i„,, '5,36111,

t
% 1 ;Ile.g..i ;It u m r (115 0
I , 0111. rung, he: does i4 1 5(ICC to It in its gertetal form rnort
orir 1141:;13:14111, inLt -11150 das 4:x.1311 plc 1 , riC1.11 u k rem 4 11 ] lenseri'.5 Gra-
draa, iter.drtsr ai lie risPIti;, pfOrmiNr+, an rtiol.pgy Acid ,1 gri - hr.illigy 4 if
I 1:14Pulors "dclusiiiq D4.1 then bald up in the- lace of science' After havirig
riMpim•c1, IIt , J11141 dclitx- Lalc14 surprtstlig laslat:41, tea ft-ATI5.1: (11C
I•rilt5 (3! 115 vicnct• ihar Lliwc lies luolci up raL.E. 1 I:rciarl
culteS1lungs. l l profios.c5 to aI]% the whifilar of a new wit-arc, ;Ind
bi:Lltr mined, noyelib.t. I. Lcr Will DO( Ix.. atone rtla•
irkuri k•ork S AN 1 ) : 1 111 4.1 1 :ICirth Frctid.1 Llys.. dad Ii 11C Lail Icat•r 1115.
iirovi?drirtal 3SE.11.;ilion. A rtc)te 14.)12 remarks that thit 1 11.1Atiun i. rcirrillig
,

1.0 Ain . . MCAT ineni n simrtecl by me has t:CCOHIC

widely r , L anal y 1.51 1.4:5
15 SO cut /mill anodic r 1:H1411i ni view in Chapter 4. whl ichl 4114 1 111r
(ilyeitil.1x itir gotten Along Ship here, or we may
..vay: "But we unUSI
fiLrgcc dial I idtral(1 .an41 Gradrvil are aril). ....feattireS cli their anthill's
mirar ISE :93I. amothur I,rri n1 5If will 1,..41i.c up these
1r ts anti thicseciiiestion.s of nittAni terpreta Live out I i
RANSLATUR'S NOTE.
Ent 1"renowit7
-
 Right o /2
n7en2e1

Ar ifart , tradurre tt r fig.reet ' e par lyagiurre, I

CLISIO 13 is Offi CU, ilidge ;micl exccutur, mountebank incli UM, im-
passive impostor, forger of authority. illiL ral host ;Ind ungracious
guest, lIke Lranslator should nc..er really be there_
I I reS aliodicr %v." y of saying the same thing: 3 ruanslabufs
is giving up. Rendering, and very )111C11 'Ending, e.ich time IN ecric k-
ing. Caught in an in traCtibk double bind, immemorial 311E1 illfi
iii rely iterated, kilM must decide or rulc.01 fivarranchrr. right v./ h r rc
.

the iilloinatic snarl won't lx untied. It Ricans giving up the dreain

of all urforilcss and silciit living transfusion, itninediatc and un-
t iga Li ninrd 'La red_ (jiving, uEi. giti ing, in calk-, winds, bcciabc
i II the first plarc the• C104.$ Elul lir Icing to yE i, I .1 ild 54.!14_liz I

it Will riot jo any Cate Ii .ive been liandcd over in [Art .

0 435
BuL giving. nonethelcss, Getting and hcgctting_ Forgiving, per-
haps Iir. gi en. Giving fOrgetting I cti .
And yet 15. Clikinetilly plausible; whin's more it
happens all die Film. A IncelvallicAl gimp,: of C4).M`SpOliclelliCCS, iii
in, OD MCV PI ANC' Iniid1111V. EiCiaLly.e rhOtliirig etiCapcs, thcrr's not a

C. Li 'lin apue.dypnque Udfittite FhigA4Ii re en phrioropkie (Paris:

. i tee, 1983),
10.
 single word iktt Calk be Liken, by ruse or by furcc, WILich dues 110E
1 )10;111 1 1)01t ;4[1 I are ritually 1.1:1(111131 Li( Thcrr-
:are irte•s'ltat l^l y trAde-offs. along the way arid never an 4.•1141 iit 5ight.
Set in motio n , th e in iltati,,,rmi process stops fir no one. Sn tyhilr
FaliSgt ec. , 53VC ILI re may he formally irresistible, there is no Cidilnii1VC
bey definition. At 5 0111c point tnie simply has to give tip.
,
Things Art han.111.. better for tale reader, of ctior se.
-
Willy-nilly, and tArraati.r mutant/is-, trAnslation's readers arc ni-
si:liked into a position 3 r ahsolute dissymmetry arid hellt'rfUltlilly "
{ "
(p. 11} as DEE" icla sap- of a boy bring circumcised, of l'reud's
1)lb..1121.0n1 N•lion ftJ pruanins "I shall say 'we,' and of
anyone :m14144•5501 anV►ile CAW; you read sorticthilig you cannot.
read, Cr] any case something }'Ott Will MIL have read Lint- t! )4)11 ' re
d(MIC rta(Iing. Like infant 5,0)4) call neither compiThend nor
ruspond. And while .Mn author may he a leader's ghnst, in transla
tion the text itself' is presented witholit being present: it is here and
yrt A tran)lation is incsporisible, deceptive. Yet
impoNing. Authoritarian ilnoi ;kuthoritarive. It ii n .1110 SC word 5 5e.ive ru correct the translation, reorienting the
i rresistible covc.naht. Whereas a loreign text in the 0$4gmill ICAVC5,
'be reader free, because the reader is oar a reader, the text 'wing
foreign MO illegible for those who hake not doint_sii-
cak-i.1 (he other Inullier tongue., IL clues not 5upp mc and impos e a
wr, bc....nisc: 10 begin with it says uwe'" differently, that LS, it lite:r-
Illti n4)1 say ".1..vr." Rather, and precisely I 11-.11144114).IL
Z.11WayS rCIA:LIIM; possible, it inseribrs the lir51 itc die Niligillarity or
,
the exira oidinary eorntnork to any we. Arid pia ri train ciati()11 docc
violclicc at once to the text to which it offers an arnbip,uous hospi-
tality, INA h bccking anri balking, an' I 0_1 else r eaelt:r: it takes some-
thing foreign and k Nometliing rca(labir at JeasL and
ihcreliy irriJ.ii4e.s inf11113.i1 Ale community 4)r 01
honicwolingtlistic
] ICE v. (best: can perhaps be excused, ic . Mr we must read
F )•i rigid, and v.T1I. 1 II.,w4:vcr, ales; tend to conceal anothc- Otle Elmt
is tnnrc 1,P•rniciotls wtide not wholly unpU13111t101U4: whatever it may
Change, ;i I r;111Alit inn d's rorcen _helicon', it
tier true fiction I hat tianslation is possible, It es Ihis fiction, both
-
hopeful a1ts.1 frightening, promiAing coninkunication where none by
possih1C,. :WO SimiLlLillietnisly
possible communication of difference itself so to speak, reprding
difference, or of its incommunicability—and so t Racing a vital,
ineffable otherness pruifeled b llkc oll1Lcr idiom.
EVelL Mi l things are 13114)re For [fall:1116W). is VCry
much at work within Dcrricla's "French' texts; the SiL14:14.74.)1L i
problem or the concept hin also the act of translation with its tex-
tual effects and dIckcts. F01 instance, at a certain point (p. 75), Der-
rida discusses a passage in Yerushalini where' the exprvssion 'dra-
in:111C CVILI•IVICC 14.11•s ill the English original, It1 his French test
Tic p
(13_ 120), nerrida limes Ike Ira rislati4 311. 'evidence thurtratique" ill
laitilMinark5. Though evidcri•c 211CI et.'idence rife C4.1gri:ites, r ;in%
lain!' is problematic because. the French word signifies primarily
"suinttbing obvious," such that the French phrase alone would
dramatic obviousness"' than "dramatic
tclktl to trauslate more like -
4.-vidence- So in du' FletiCh r Derridd follows thin ifaridation With
-
Ilic• F:nglisIi in parentheses, and IE7eIS a •luin or alternate transla-
tions or translation modifiers: proof, mark, clue, testimony „ .
-
;SCUINC hutracer ro better approximate the meaning of etli.irm e, so -
many linguistic exhibits displayed to incriminate the felicity (of such
a Linn.' ry accounting hit this uncountable noun,
How to translate this setilienee from .11aLd'arc-hive- into F.riglish?
COLTCCE Soli] non wOUltl rm doubt have been to restore in a woo I
thc "dramatic cicidenee - of Yerushaltni's text, rendering rive lines
of Ft click hJi twiJ F.ilglish words. And VC-I this approach t4_.10. would
have [wen guilty of economic ilifidelity, because ill the Fr
urn of its vcrliume rendition, the French translation is not simiply a
tralisiati011_ It replaces as a translation must, ln,c1 in [lac
comtnotiOrt it. Says wore, it {Jar's more, it goes ftlrther17J 1. ra rislatio-n,.
while ;kr no point i;eaJing to translate. And of COUFSC a translation
I
is a going-fni diet, gtiing beyond the idiomatic limitations that are
the very enniiition of linguistic expre5sion,, of signification, of any
Mink called culture: striul IV speaking it es c1i.11iLI: iinru.s5.11)11c.
nod forge ahead_ S I brought
it must at once follow
"dramatic evidence" out of the parentheses. dropped " evidence -
drainalicpc, 1.)1IL at translat iOli of the sequence modifying, cha I-
-
riiilorcuig thk: tianslatioli of evidence as eLflartnCe ill pa-


'UlAiJer tiV AILI lid L111 3 141 Ji1 A14)11.114S.1J 33 Cid LIR "1111'.li.g.J71410:4111 J(1 ip► iF: 1111 55r5i sip) •I•
`1:311.P(1111atil 11110JJ1T cifilipil) ;111 JJiik.xl 4 1.141Jj. AJULLEAJ.1 Jci •Jc.tititri.Puc).1.4 jib ittco, •11e13.11.TiUu1 e 4_131V SI Mil

1'SCIL1311411 'rrrapserizeJo{Arf 1.1}11n J1 511iiiittE16,410 J,)ptlyi pa J.Turi

kre 11.JILI1I;LJE1111:41.1W1113110:)L1 all' '3'1,11191411PC Ul ple,011311

SkIfritrai 3111 1 .1.)iyiJr VircAjcp.i. -3111r111 Strip .41.1 N.)4,13 lk! .1.,110j
vikku. Avtki JAN. kIli] 4)1 1Ua119.1341111! 5: 1131_1.31 ]1
▪ IllpiirrJ1 Ninti Airrr limicnd A II kik sl11.19
•C1JrclJ3i .13.k.),-;paa.11.11 II! 1 1 _1111 rig 11 snomir .

- 3.0311J1i1JI 10E1 1l EnoaLreirmitlialx LJ f 'OW 0._PI 1 '61: •4149 1-11llt I F:5 1-1011( CIMIT 31011Er Ars- plitom ;muov. L ifilLitii•r) 3.30111 'r irtii
.:rut) Ltiolyelsuuli j0 puricl ,inpOIEP it 3J 111 4 .37J ,,:)..y..c)H 1% '41) „poi)
.

S . pitaij tit lkilikryks stluitp I. 04 Liktivig .i...1U(.31S• •t15111.:1] JrcturitViet.ill pcItt p.).1.)ijo a3uo sl )1 ,:troprrarEn

.)4m7:1131 "1:1) ,. 11, 31'1-1:1.1 XIS v•ir trockristrvii 14-3,ti3 ,n13,)1111 Jinj 1im[943.14 11: .71.11,11.piL' all,. ALIA ,. (I 33.0.4H

.3111 ;KILN) `um 3ristiF.1 e p Sit Pcmui >tp Inorpleo. 1110t11 'A,W1I ( Liccp.ij IJIJE Jiaq!
L]
-

pur 1.14)111711)0 1 141 3110111IM 4 3.4,17 11.0S3X1 3t1 nc3 3(1 r/...:!'t.i0 ATI *cliwiC1111.1111ci 133:50.1(1 71r1 EH fir] s1,1‘,Nek1k . AMU .;',A1(171111 41I! 1,41131)Lfil I

01 s' t s In! unit

„ {AM 4E0ticlesp 10E11 :0A14:1.1E: alp 1.1:1411.1 .1. 01110.181 - JO) 11:./T15 JO )I '.N1.1RDI) 14)1JUED 71, Af11 - 1111' Ur In 41111E'llIgIJO 1I314(,)t[11110p

ii
`..).1.11.1. -ru Jr_[1_110 .01.][0.31:11.1. 11e D[tItU!S ..(11,1111ptcH1 al.]] irl ;.:llrapyilop - M[: 1 ASIT„ ,) 111] 0] .D31.1,)Jr.D.3 UI epp,pci se. ..(6[ - (1)

'HAN Ititir.r111! `(its '(1) 1, A)111.31.1131X.) pm! r ....) 1 1Is1174 'Lls,)11110P,, S11 ()1 itU111.3cIO 1X3.1 31.11 'J , LUOIlt

' , 1S.11.11 ,403(1 'P1E11E1331 . 3.411 Iiik11)14 3ti isi.s!rdir cuirm Co91! r.prA 3 (.1 1:1A :vim] li-Wti...11.111;i1.1Jrri ',1114)1.1 da;IrriNtnri Jo sal rrptiritxi Eutt
'. 11:1c11 A 11114111411::) -331L71 7111 ffurs- NolD '1V1-1:1 1115 1111:',11 4 (MI" cl s[ti] Intl art )431.1 mikoM

]1 1L [11 1 1I )L 51 lcrtrisur.uoun .C.[JAoJd IPA) .41uo Dui 'spioi.y. 1.13111m `11.1011.1nir Ixplirr iguElp.31ks1 IJI711 I114)01 iajaid 11 1 111Er1 kJ(') - aJaLl ki

1)441) 3tukci(14)7 114` ]e SJ113J dO s..4rAt11! Liimuisuud . - uoprins poinistrun 3Airt1 ] a. ' ' X:I- 11310 I A. sv . 11X111s 3r-i3os1i (Kir 1! 111c1 pr:)sik

111 115 XCALITEJ1111 si

. liftlixak till puk; ailia•rock tau!) pue :utll11^'i 1111 1 1,j 410 111 11 1),1e 1,01
.

kir 11.1.1.sti-x1 II {3 E1111.75 JE10 kern NU 'I.o.criu3ok.r 111.1.1 3 ISPL11 3.1.11 .}.111.1 - 111 - 1) 3311a11.1S SIT . 1{ 1 anJ I .1111 ,)!;11r,}Dli 'SASC1111.0j
1
gtyJ 111 sli irinduD) [Mt' irrirds rig 'ci ] 1 '111 4 S 51.11 11.t]021 WTI% JO )1011 ■3!puai .1c _I IF III'sL! ]111]4'1J .0 ,4,1.)5;
11.)11.3.1:1 3111 31.

- 1-101 0 117'1. 1 7).1MM Vy0prICIIrelli 1. O 111R113F! 41p p3p(li 51 mu . -) 1 r1 Jr 1 E1 01 1 15;c1 c151ft.11 1),111M-J01-pJlim jo 1J0C r NI VU LVA 1 .).1111.1)1.J.)%

.AIIEDuieu.rol pie Luop!i0A. pucroas '1171171 'UT pinom %M4) Intlipgr Inc1
'AW sill Ail b: 11? p .)11 I_LDSod LUI tiOyS.Liehu .1 [)JiCim 3ki 4J ),)A p3..)33nh ti.ou ALLIE
- ;)11(1. Ji.13 ple[5111!_ili
31111 1,1 1 1` ` 119 imxie LH -UP I FILM 1 1 II! 11 : Sl•k% sJ_InkaltiOs om.] %)141.1.ei1.1 u.) ..751u4 lUnt:4139411.D1,11 koprliom.

iT1141) ilo, Ar110,,e, all11110.13s L' 111 ..'3311:11( 1 1A

CIOIL11 LI! ... riour.aridx.3., III• 1.111,,1. pur larnirrh piclun .4C ...gz .)tir r t aktirs . 11atur3411.11 1-).( 31grkiurairi.kukk

sDJrcl .{9z. -41) (rnilF3op OU jo

.. VlJrISUI 4.41.17.)31u0) .1A11 3:a15.01 1r1, 1951.1(1-1 L 4F01141IslreJI ;Nil Lit pirisur.rytti - 1 11)1,1.1.121

-17.11 341 JO U01 ,(r,fiZtual 1.)ej Ut st )1quip.p_id 'plcoi,,,rod 241 -1-0 1.1)11-)-11 Ll'irriltrq ''1111 p;)1e[Silleik []774'114)11

rue jo tului (kW kr11.1ilLYULY.1. -bistiEn LISOurq sitp 41:11.1;)3..1 1.11 1.13.X1 soseDiEci
'a )I. :.)143r3pki1kkk 41111$ JO a Ait[:+ii .. ,'LL . ..)..1.)1.1 J.Latywit 17131941 ,3111 LII 531111! 31dI_IiexA•.1,)lunt).) 51141m14) MIL

3 751 131tJd 01 1111 ',7,1quit9,1d :5111 .tiirt Em1in(1131 sc wkim sk T3ni1c[111)spai ji `31- 11ar AJJA

-1.1oild.D)ut 33. cil Jo uouFisueli IF! :RI .4Tuo

- ]] - '?fkiirikatti two ;Ili! Ir. .-01}14! p0 11111 v '3 aii.ipka? pi Pe k k_m I .1.A.r1.'cf31,Is1[1

N3Lsriveluo) Ja,...au JI pEll! .1:4LauLieSDLI ,;10 iou st 11 - $riErtri>c] ift ;quo si -31111: 1 1 t.1'31 pliV 111091 ..parr.11 PD11:3J31.}J trp fo 1'!o.531) 5I , r .111 1 .11 11)4 1
.

11 `11413 ue aq dAltr.131f ••1111.19.1i•1(111 Apk.111114111 311 [] 41 11),)11(.0 IrDivnittiaied anti S! irErm jo

jn 11133.11(1 Mil uuu 33LWS331.1 3It1 471 ,1111101liv., 21.L1slsfil[05; Limy% All (Air soap socpstej .nuedulowif

:411)11.1r11111C103. 14) 1111.1r.1 3E0111 AcqJJJ11J si .D1111.13.11'. LIE-- 1}111111•1c1 si rriJ:10 ja jcb pipe

11:A11
.: liuutpoti Air.srurti FrollfS Iptlipet -kua.4. Juirlikiri Jo 111.1[1 :11 11f1 a l.71111 171tfirtli Sikkim:Tr _lip SUL' $1111 't305,31E11.13J

• • E:==illilaZZIAIICa T., L -4 MANIA

 tionall reverie, it is as if the archaeolngist had succeeded in plating
the archivist out of work. And Ow tranSlalor loo s of collisc. Yet
111E -.4 - %gone% ;ire Jill:hives, Afrd evequilic kflriws. aidlives do nut
9)cak. C'h'en anSvivring 111:ichi lie's. OrIlly the' Lins%ver. And
what is more, in Freud's 5ecriario, these arrhives .urn rlltt to Iii
biliu g ua L Elio/ are cht: ❑ 1 5 0.1:1 1eCS alrtady translations u themselves,
ilicY '!'11c; 31, a dcad language and at living WIC, (4Cek u id Gerrnan
for exanaph., .4 bit like limoId in his encounter with Uradivn, or
at least as dead-and-Forgotten ILIC:111 language alkci lieSS Li cad 011c
Willa) WI 11 1perrnik them in rtl to he de( i1 ir
" ;MCI ralLNiarC4i "
(p. 9_”. So these. 5 t 4.MCS, archives yielding "undreamed-of
(kin aboin the events of the rcinotc past." can hardly hr taken for
pure firthj: ..11 discoveries iri c :)-1:.11-cxplajtat.ory, ".
" the lout, the Icg, the a,, arid the earth below serve together as a
it I..; rPrily insofar as thew' rilready a Ciki: 11 DUNA 5 inn i Li
Archival toil, And not al all hecause the events they r CL'Ori I (mild
without archivization. It is certainly not Wit hotit sigriific.mier
that they should beIiti hr id, dead/living, ugly. That stones. which
unglil to lac dead, N114,11.1.1d talk, whirls only the liYirig ought to do..
nor that this event should ircr (wined in a pal Ocular
w:w herr, where the "Sionr 3 whir in italics,. with
- exclamation
point, and above all in Latin. the dead language living in Ficiid"s
existent arc hivable content in a SimiTIC manner_ Conversely, insofar
as it is archivable, an event is always arc)wing: an event is an ar-
CliiVilig act (n en if dint: way nut be a "proper . ' arCllikic and even if
thy art:hi...Lc or an cccul, as its iiilcrinctalton, 4.11.WayS [entail!.
Olycn. Anil ihis is where the clues-tion of archival 14.-chtinlogy is su
signifi E:;1. IA, for it "contlition5 the igl7pYr rtii0.17, 1)C1:131e the division
betIp'Vetu printed and printer' (p. it). What i5 the printcd here? Ts
it the attliive. or printed content, 'Lc. what is arChpvc& Arid is
die puller the e'lictit that I V.VieTS its Iflipriark, that is archived, or the
Strticture 111)4kt prints"? hefof chand we do cwt know.
L
Thcrc is the f414)1 ;HMI there is the :mil, But as Gradiva's sole, or
Harold's lor that inatIVI, Of so many others', tOtichcs the ground,
sort of C .1 InOillentary printing i.lress that will leave
archjYt: cycll as it disappears forever, And this is the trurth of the
event 01 c)I, I r thy true event of the event, neither material nor
historical: "before. the division: as thc and dcad inav
mingic their steps, and we'll never know for .sure who's who or
what's what_
Right U.11 the ask, Dcrricla says, even if it inake5 no senSe. And;
JP?i".19JC_

own Ivh-brid text.

f = ear it-'etre.r can be written down lo an instant, it is the
the instanianeou5 event a5 overdcterinination, In other
‘vorils. cxreedtlig List iI 1.11ICOIVI al net] caking fur its ar-
chivizAtion hccause Already containing the sccds a its umill;.1 Al Eve.,
Divided in. ;1 nd of itself. Calling but not neec's5,-1filv ;insWering for
its archive. Because one can scarcely' believe that when called upon
;IS Ll Witilcs3 iv its singularitv or its originality, to the rigi-
ter
ikal singularity that it an event any more than a living being
Li
evrr responds in in airsohlti - iy living and infinitely welkadjusted
ritannCi, vcithoUr the leaSi A 17 t 4-5 1 .11.1r1Siinhaving an 4ir-
i CYCC

(Jima I technique overflow the singularity of an i-vent „" (p.

\Vithout :wine answering r»achirie effect, Norric spectrality in the
respi)I1Sc and ti"111h. 41.1.1.;likil k thr hVing. VI. h i(h LS to say that the. rm-
pPr.c.Oem, ilic unique nwiliictit of archivi7.-Ation, "produces
as it rcCrirds tilt: event" . IT. 1 7), While nonetheless 'King the' (until-
(1.1H1 01 its potential ircpC.Tition; it illev•T neutrally consigns a pre
.
 Wor s Cited

Virralter_ r.`fixer den Bc.,,grVfdr-r GeschicAre trileses oft brae Pkidrosophy

N./ I I rs,re),Iyi. Ccianamcile .15cArrpen. Vol [_ Ed, 14.0[ Tiniciemnii.
Full am ;11. -bill: Siihr Limp!, OM_
Fittleric, and Iosei f J lriut YL7/1.15h FYI i. !Via• Park:
1 4i9).
Cmnilie. -S4 1.11P,I1 Arcitriqti aisri file r 4 1.4.1s/ogre'
temporarne. IPawisr Albin 2 1c1iiclicl, 1994.
f)(.-r rida Ja(quc.s.. /Yuri
7 apek.,.ziypAreffte th.f,9pA; rifigg4.21,:e cpg pin iarophie ,
I 'iris.; ( I itX3,
- &Aft" de tor: 1.4- 71;)arienwerr ruyftigro• iraufor iter." (1;111P.r ,
1994,
Pohn,1.140-ear leimaie, r LS: C ;:111iMC,

Pk; ugel: I X-vint 1.i 11-11.". . I -a Pe-ult..' dr jitlel. P.111%; Nil,' Li it I '0'35.
•Ypre'rer.% Afarx. Ptizgy K.arnufl Ncw Yrirk: Routledg•,
1994. 'Elam., of Stethr, Alw X. 1 2 1. iS: Cali[ - c, 1994_
— - • 111".rifinge_rmi Thifercoper. A i jj , I i IL agu I
1978. Trans. Lori. rfre rt irte deffiArtner. ] 'iris: Scull, 1%7.
Freud', Sigmund. The ii.:(impiere 1_este7J of Stgnurnd Freud BY 1.3 1rihrirn
1C1 0.11 . 11,1MS. III I 4:11 ,Icif.14.y Mel V•11,11. .:1.11111f idge, MA:
Elorvard 1985.
Tfic .tangichti l rfatrurj cif the :r0furiele Piyehological Works vf.SIR
In and Fic;(41..h In5. faincs Sii.i41icy.1,01111011; IIogairrii. 1'153 74. ISO
- -

1.1511;1111111, Yr 1 4;{• 1.'n rtar.:; Alrore r: 1rivirrign

- - crud 'Ergo thli
Ncv. Havc.n; Yale 4.1P. 19 441.
Zha(he)) I i}rtury clod Pretti) Alernoiy. .198, 2_ New Y'ork:
Sc heir k 11. 1 89.