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Sept.3-5, 2013, China AORC-E-8-0003 CIGRE-AORC 2013

GIS-based model for implementation on Power Transformer
planning within Thailand Power Network
N. Parkpoom
Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
53 Moo 2 Charansanitwong Rd., Bang Kruai Nonthaburi 11130 Thailand.
Tel: +66 2 436 3541, E-mail: suchao.p@egat.co.th, jake_suchao@hotmail.com
SUMMARY
This paper present the conceptual design model of GIS-based on power transformer
planning power network in Thailand have been mapped using GIS and it application. The
processing capabilities of GIS and the system ability to manipulate geo-reference data and
results in different formats and models make them suitable for planning and operation of
distribution system. The distribution system load fow based on GIS presented in the paper
is an ideal tool for performing the analysis and viewing the result on map superimposed on
other geographic layers. It is allow power system planners to work on the real system by
relating the output to the location of load and feeder. Together with the utilisation of power
systems will become an essential tool for utility decision maker and the public. In addition, it
could be incorporated in optimal planning power transformer distribution network.
KEYWORDS: GIS-based model, Power Transformer Planning, Distribution Network,
Thailand.
I. INTRODUCTION
EGAT is the largest power producer in Thailand, owning and operating power plants
of different types and sizes which are located in 39 sites across Thailand. EGAT also owns
and operates high voltage transmission networks, which covers all parts of the country.
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From last decades, the electric power industries have been developing power transmission
system to follow up with rapid growth of the power demand. The power electricity is an
essential part of our everyday lives. The electric distribution system is dedicated to delivering
electrical energy to the end use. In Thailand, the main drawbacks of the distribution system
are poor update power transformers maintenance of the installed facilities, lack of planned
network. Today electric distribution are realised the manual updating of planned network
construction operation, and lack of monitoring and prevent losses and manual updated
of consumer records etc. Present the electric distribution are realising the benefits of
Geographic Information System (GIS) on designed for electric utilities that manages the
distribution system which deliver the electric power to out service drops, by providing a
geographically oriented view of electric distribution structures. GIS is a computer-based
platform capable of handling spatial data that represent real world feature transmission lines,
in the form of digital maps and attributed geo-relational database. GIS-based model allow
new processing methods to be used and provides high-quality presentation of processed
data and decision making tool in situations when data relevant to a decision include a spatial
component. Operates the national transmission network, which includes transmission lines
and substations of various high voltage levels which covers all parts of Thailand. Power
generated at generation plants and sent to a network of high-voltage (500, 230 or 150 kV)
transmissionlines. These transmission lines supply power to mediumvoltage (e.g. 23 or
22kV) distribution networks (distributionprimary system), which supply power to still lower
voltage. Figure 1 show Thailand Generation Transmission and Distribution Power System.
Figure 1: Show Thailand Generation Transmission and Distribution Power System.
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II Why GIS-based model on Power Transformer planning
Todays electric utilities are realising the bnefits of GIS technology in the area of
automated mapping [1]. GIS has become a very significant tool for electrical utilities for
activities like utility asset management, maintenance planning, outage management and
network planning. Especially in the area of distribution planning, GIS can provide the utilities
planning team a visual insight of areas which may experience higher growth rates of electrical
demand, the Right of way (Row) availability for the utility, and the load concentration details
in the service region. Customer information like the phase information, sanctioned load and
connected load is also being maintained in GIS in addition to the utility asset information
like transformers, overhead conductors, cables and protective devices. These details, when
maintained as accurate and up-to date as possible in GIS will help in providing necessary
information for building an electrical network model required for in-house electrical network
analysis and planning for ensuring the growth and reliability of the network[1,2].
Figure 3 Inputs for GIS model on Power Electrical planning network model
GIS-base model for a practical Power Transformer network on electrical utilities require
keeping a comprehensive and accurate inventory of their physical assets, for the provision
of extending the network, undertaking maintenance, etc. Complexity of electrical distribution
power system is only a reason for introducing new technologies as GIS and GPS (Global
positioning system) that carries out complex power system analyses e.g. optimization of
networks, load forecasting in very less time period as and when required. GIS technology
has the facility to plan an electrical transformer and distribution network which sometimes
very diffcult to access for surveying like remote hilly areas. GIS based software also have
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the facility to interface it with other software tools. The power transformer system is important
to an electrical utility because its proximity to the ultimate customer and its high investment
cost. The transformer and distribution system planning is necessary to fulfill the growing
demand of electricity in an optimum way to make the techno-economic feasibility of the
transformer and distribution system expansion. The planning of electrical power transformer
and distribution networks is a continuous development process for the customer point of
view, increase in load demand and in Research & Development. Earlier it was done manually
on road maps now among modern technologies; GIS can be helpful to solve the problems [3].
GIS based model has become a necessity for a host of power transformer and
distribution which is dedicated to delivering electric distribution system. Thailand was focus of
distribution.sector as this sector affects the consumers. The GIS application is designed for
electric utilities that manages the distribution system which deliver the electric power to out
service drops, by providing a geographically oriented view of electric distribution structures.
This application helps utility managers and administrators visualize, analyze and understand
real-world engineering, business and customer problems and more importantly solutions.
Power transformer network application provides a powerful new tool for utility solutions.
The goal of this system is to provide operational efficiencies and customer benefits that
transcends traditional GIS and mapping boundaries. GIS provides adequate platform for
system representation and manipulation on network models and data base can be accessed
and modifed to perform system analysis [4]. Figure 2 showed the image and result for added
poles on planning transformer installation in region 2 the north of Thailand.
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Figure 2 show the image and result for added poles on planning transformer
The various aspects can be analysed by the model of network prepared in GIS and
data available with the geographic (attributes):
-Optimum feeder path,
-Proposal for different layouts for future expansion,
-Selection of optimal conductors,
-Load Flow analysis,
-Cost comparison among different layouts,
-Database management,
-Inventory control,
III Global Positioning System (GPS)
The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a technology, which provides accuracy
and flexibility of determination of stationary or moving spatial objects. Its applications
are navigation, surveying, remote sensing, mapping, and geodetic positioning. Geodetic
positioning can be determined either in relation to a well-defned coordinate system, usually
by three coordinate values or in relation to other point, taking one point as the origin of a
local coordinate system. GPS uses satellites and computers to compute positions anywhere
on earth. [2] In electrical power distribution system for fnding the location of any object e.g.
poles, substations, transformers, tracking of routes etc. It gives the position in form of latitude
and longitude, which can directly be imported on computerscreen.GPS are becoming very
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effective tools for GIS data capture. The GPS can easily be linked to a laptop, computer in he
feld, and, with appropriate software. Users can also have all their data on a common base
with very little distortion. Thus GPS can help in several aspects of construction of accurate
and timely GIS databases [5]. Figure shows the complete digitized map of Satellite imaginary
of GIS on poles transmission line in Thailand. Table 1 show the data collected of location of
poles with its latitude and longitude on substation in EGAT.
Table 1 show the data collected of location of poles with its latitude and longitude on substation in EGAT

Figure 3 show the Satellite imaginary of GIS on poles transmission line in Thailand
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In this study GIS modeling of transformer planning network improving reliability and
quality benefts of GIS and data available with the geographic:
- Optimum feeder path,
- Proposal for different layouts for future expansion,
- Selection of optimal conductors,
- Load Flow analysis,
- Cost comparison among different layouts,
- Database management,
- Inventory control
- Reduction of technical losses
- Long term transformer and distribution planning network etc.
Conclusion
GIS based electrical transformer system planning is an area of great importance. Using
GIS (GeographicalInformation System) and GPS (Global Positioning System) technology.
GPS technology has been used to locate those features which are not available in the
satellite imaginary due to its poor resolution e.g. location of poles. Planning is very benefcial
in providing improved customer service and also for increasing the fnancial position of the
Utility, through reduction of losses. The building of GIS system is the conceptual design
model of GIS-based on power transformer planning power network in Thailand have been
mapped using GIS and it application. The processing capabilities of GIS and the system
ability to manipulate geo-reference data and results in different formats and models make
them suitable for planning and operation of distribution system. The distribution system load
fow based on GIS presented in the paper is an ideal tool for performing the analysis and
viewing the result on map superimposed on other geographic layers. It is allow power system
planners to work on the real system by relating the output to the location of load and feeder
and providing better Long term transformer and distribution planning network etc
BIBLIOGRAPHY
[1]Experiences on Implementation of GIS based tools for analysis, Planning and Design
of Distribution System Dr. M.V. Krishna Rao, Senior Member IEEE, B.S. Varma and Dr. C.
Radlhakrishna 2008 IEEE.
[2]GIS-based Power Distribution system: A case study for the Bhopal City, Dr. Tripta
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Thakur DeIT, Bhopal Tripta.
[3]http://map.sdsu.edu/geoagent/gis_intro.htm#definition, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
Global_Positioning_System
[4]Whei-Min Lin, Ming-Tong Tsay and Su-Wei Wu, 1996 Application of Geographic
information system of Geographic nformation Support IEEE transactions on power System.
Vol. 11 no 1, 1996.
[5]S.P.S. Raghav and Jayant K. Sinha, Electrical Network Mapping andConsumer
Indexing using GIS, UPCL,
Short Bio-data of Main Author
N. Parkpoom is a doctorate on Energy and Power System with 14 years of experience
in the Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand . He Engineering work on system planning
distribution generation planning power system, a company that product electricity generation
and provides electricity to PEA.