Biology

Revision For 2014 CSEC Examination

Cells
Diffusion
Definition:
Example:
Osmosis
Movement of water molecules
Across cell selectively permeable
membrane
E.g
Active Transport
Low to high concentration
Across cell membrane
Requires energy (ATP)
Food chain/web
You should be able to identify
Producer, primary consumer,
secondary consumer etc.
Herbivore, Carnivore, Omnivore
Main source of energy?
What limits the number of trophic
levels?
Pyramid of number
Pyramid of Energy
Symbiosis
Mutualism
Commensalism
Parasitism
Autotrophic Nutrition
Photosynthesis
Light stage: Light energy splits water
molecules ( H and O)
Dark Stage: H combine with CO2 forming
glucose
Word and chemical equation of photosynthesis
Photosynthesis
Cross section of leaf
Mutualism
Heterotrophic nutrition
Should be able to
Draw digestive system, and label parts
Know the function of macro and micro
nutrients
Deficiency disease: e.g. anemia, kwashiorkor,
Marasmus, and Obesity
Identify types of teeth and label parts correctly
Write dental formula
Care of teeth: e.g. brush with fluoride
toothpaste, Ca in diet
Role of enzymes
Digestive system
Where mechanical digestion
occurs?
Chemical digestion
Food products that are absorbed
into the small intestine (iluem)
Amino acids
Glucose
Fatty acids and glycerol
Enzymes
Amylase:
Pepsin
Rennin
Trypsin
Lipase
Maltase
Respiration
Draw respiratory system and
annotate structures
Breathing vs respiration
Aerobic vs anaerobic
Oxygen dept
Gas exchange in plants and single
cellular organisms
Plants: stomata, lenticels and root hairs
Breathing

Alveoli: gas exchange by diffusion

Bronchi into bronchiole
Trachea divides into two bronchi
Trachea, epiglottis opens
Nose: moisten air
Gas exchange

Plants gas exchange

Day: gives off oxygen
(photosynthesis occurs faster than
respiration)
Night: Gives off Carbon dioxide
Transport system
Types of blood cells
Role of platelets- Thrombocytes
Heart: structure and function
Blood vessels
Blood circulation
Transport in Plants-Dicots

Transport in Plants-Dicots

Excretion
Excretory products
Plants: O2 CO2, ,Nitrogenous
compounds
Animals: CO2, H2O, Ammonia, Urea
Excretory organs
Plants: Stomata, or some stored in
leaves and barks
Animals: Skin, Kidney, Lungs, Liver
(Bile)
Deamination
Nervous System
CNS and PNS
Stimulus, Receptors, Effectors
Types of Neurons
Reflex Action
Hormones are released from
glands/cells into the blood vessels
They travel to target organs, where
they cause a change
How does the Endocrine system works
Sense Organs
Should be able to label all (draw as
well)
The End
Nabeel Publication