Thc hnh m phi

Bi 1
Yu cu:
-Xc nh cc cu trc ca biu m
-Phn bit cu trc ca m lin kt v biu m

THN
BIU M LT N:
1 hng t bo dt,ta trnmng y,c l ngoi bao bao mang tiu cu thn

BIU M VUNG N:
thnh ca ng thng v ng lt ca thn,mng bo tng thp,l=chiu rng,nhn gia.

BIU M TR N:
thnh ca ng nh thn,chiu cao ln hn chiu rng ca t bo,nhn nm st cc y(c th trn hay
vung),mng bo tng xa nhn hn biu m vung n

Tiu cu thn nm trong nhu m v thn

THC QUN
BMlt tng ko sng ho:di t bo c nhiu t bo xp thnh di(vt knh 40),hnh nh trong t bo bin
i khc nhau:
-Lp y(st mng y),nhn bt mu baz m,kch thc ln,khong cch gia cc nhan xp st nhau
to thnh lp.
-Lp gai:(trung gian) dn thai ho,bo tng ln ln nhng nhnnh li,bt mu nht,nhn hnh
trn,khong cch gia cc nhn tha.
-Lp b mt:t bo nn dt li do b thoi ho,nhn hnh thoi dt,kch thc nh

KH QUN (vt knh 40)

BIU M TR GI TNG C LNG

CHGUYN: cc ngn ca t bo bo tng bt mu sm hn, mng bo tng c nhiu
_

cu trc lng tha.C hu ht tt c cc t bo

+T bo hnh i<tb tr c lng chuyn.Cc ngn cht nhy tp trung nn khng bt mu.c khong sng
trn phn ngn t bo.
+Tb y: nhn xp chng ln nhau nm st mng y nn khng phn bit c

DA
BIU M LT TNG SNG HO:
-Tb xp0s st nhau thnh nhiu lp,bt mu m =biu m
_di biu m c nhiu thnh phn khc nhau,Tb lin kt tha,khong gian bo rng,c si lin kt ,c
nhiu cu trc khc nhaubt mu nht=m lin kt,cn c nhiu mch mu

BIU M LT TNG SNG HO

5 lp t bo
-Lp y:Tb non,bt mu m ,nhn ln ,xp st nhau
-lp si:Tb a din,kch thc ln nhng nhn li nh,c hnh trn,bt mu nht nh hn lp y

-Lp ht:cc bo tng v nhn bt mu m,Tb dt,hnh thoi,bo tng xut hin nhng ht keratohyalin
bt mu bazo
-lp bng(hng),lp sng(nht hn),Tb bt u thoi ho,khng thy,cc thnh phn bt mu axit,khng
phn bit c ranh gii cu hai lp
Ch :lp si(lp gai,lp mapighi,lp a din)

Bi 2
M HNH SN
SN TRONG
a sn ni chia lm 4 vng:
-Vng sn trong:tb sn non,nh,sinh sn mnh.(phn mn hn)
-Vng sn tng sinh:Tb sinh sn theo kiu trc lm a sn di ra,kch thc tb ln ln c th xp thnh
hng hay tng m.(tb sn dt)
-Vng sn nhim canxi:cht cn bn nhim canxi,c cc tb sn trng thnh gi ;l sn ph i,bt mu
baz m.(tb to nhng nhn nh,khong cch tha)
-Vng xng trong sn:to ct bo bm vo nhng mnh sn cn li v p thm nhng l xng mi to
nn nhng ming xng trong sn(bt mu nht hn hc tu)
(
((((

mng
xng

Xng ct mc

Sn
trong

Sn tng
sinh

Sn nhim
canxi

Xng
trong sn

Hc
tu

B:Chuyn xng xp
V:mch mu
O: s dy ln do t bo to
xng

Mng xng

O: to ct bo

S ct ho

Phn cht bo
trong hc tu
xng

Sn nhim
canxi

Xng trong sn

Sn nhim canxi

C vn
Ct dc:tb si hnh tr,xp song song vi nhau,xen gia l m lin kt mng v t,tb c th c mt hay
nhiu nhn,nm st mng.c th quan st c hinhg nh vn sng ti vt knh 40
Ct ngang:tb hnh a din,bo tng cha nhiu vi si bt mu axit,nhn nm st mng
C vn li l c vn c nhng b c an xen nhau

C tim
Dc; im khc vi c vn
-ko to hnh nh vn sng ti in hnh v nhng cu trc c tim thay i, cc si ni thnh li khng
song song.
-Nhn nm gia si c, 1 tb c mt nhn.cc nhn ni vi nhau thnh mt vch sm gi l vch bc thang
Ngang: tb c c hnh a din,c hnh cu hay hnh bu dc,kch thc nh hn t bo c vn
Tu sng
Cht xm: thn nron, bt mu m
Cht trng; si thn kinh c cha mylin v m thn kinh m, bao mylin ch nh phn ch yu l m
nn khng bt mu hoc bt mu nht.
Sng trc: ln, ngn,tp trn cc nron vn ng,kch thc ln

Sng sau:di v hp,cha nron trung gian,kch thc nh,mn hn

Tiu no

Ging nh bn cu i no,cht xm ngoi to nn lp v tiu no,mt ngoi m,gia nht l cht

trng.T mt ngoi vo c 3 lp:
-Lp phn t(lp phn t)
-Lp Tb bukinger: 1 hng Tb nm gia
-Lp ht:mt nron dy,Tb nh nn gi l lp ht

Dy thn kinh ngoi bin

Ngang:cu to gm nhng b si thn kinh ch yu l nhng si c cha bao mylin, gia c mt chm
en l si trc thn kinh,xung quanh l bao mylin,ngoi cng l bao svan.

Bi 3
ng mch chun: o gia l si chun
ng mch c: o gia l si c

M chun va M c
Si chun

Mch mu nh

ng mch c
ng mch c: Lng ng mch trn, thnh dy,thy r mng ngn chun trong.Lp o gia dy hn
Tnh mch c: lng khng trn u, thnh mng,khng thy r mng ngn chun trong

V mch mu

o gia
o ngoi
Mng ngn
chun trong

o gia
C trn

Hch bch huyt

-V hch bch huyt:
+ Dy x
+V x
+Vch x
-Nang bch huyt th pht
-Vng tu hch bch huyt
+Dy nang
+Xoang bch huyt tu

G: nang bch
huyt
Ss:v x
T:m lin kt
ct
Ts:vch x(ct
xoang)
Ms:Xoang
bch huyt tu
:dy nang
V:mch mu

Da

-Biu b (lt tng sng ho 5 lp:xem li bi u)lp sng,lpb

ng,lp ht,lp si,lp y.

-Chn b:
+Tuyn

b(c bao bn ngoi,biu m n) kiu ti n c th phn nhnh

Tiu cu m hi(khng c bao bn ngoi) ng tuyn cun li thnh khi

+Nang lng,chn lng

H:nang lng
S:tuyn b
Sg:tuyn m hi
N:
E:Biu b
D:Lp h b
Hy:mt phn
ca lp di da
-H b:Lp m(tiu thu m)

Tuyn b

Nang lng

Tuyn m hi

Da dy
-Vng da chu nhiu sc p,c st
-Biu b dy,lp sng pht trin
-Nh chn b pht trin mnh to np vn da
-Nhiu tuyn m hi nh
-Lng c lng v tuyn b

Da mng
-Bc phn cn li
-Biu b mng,lp sng t pht trin
-Nh chn b t pht trin to vn da
-t hn
-C lng v tuyn b

Lch
-B x(t qung)
-Tu trng
+ Tiu ng mch trung tm
+ Tiu th lch
-Tu :
+ Dy Bilroth
+ Xoang tnh mch lch
-Rn lch cha tnh mch ln

G:ng
vin quang
ng mch
trung tm
N:tu trng
R:tu

S:xoang bch huyt tu

C:dy bilroth

Bi 4:
NG TIU HO
S ho:
4 tng

- Tng nim mc
+Biu m:tr
+Lp m:m lin kt v cc tuyn
+Si c nim

- Tng di nim:
M lin kt,si thn kinh,mch mu
- Tng c:2 lp c(trong vng ,ngoi dc),gia hai lp c hch TK Auerback
- V ngoi :l tng,l thnh,bt mu nht

D DY
Trn si c nim l tng nim mc
Di
tng di nim

Tng nim mc:

-Biu m:tr n,nhn lch y

-Lp m:ch yu cu to t tuyn y v,gm hai lai t bo
+Tb chnh:nhn hnh vung hay hnh bu dc,nhn nm thnh lp
+Tb vin:kch thc ln hn,s lng t,nm ri rcmbo tng bt mu axit( hay hng),trong
bt mu baz m

Tuyn y v

vt knh 10:tuyn y v
vt knh:quan st t bo
Tng c:trong vng,ngoi dc,gia c hch thn kinh Auerback,thm lp c cho

T TRNG

:tiu ho v hp th thc n

Biu m:
Nhung mao pht trin,tng din tch tip xc,tb nhung mao cu to t hai lai t bo(mm kha v
t bo i,tb panet)
Tb
vin

Tb mm kha:nhn hnh bu dc,cc ngn c vi nhung mao,s lng ln

Tb i:t,ri rc xen gia t bo mm kha,tit cht nhy nn mu sng
Lp m:
Tuyn Lieberkurn:do mhung mao rut non lm xung,ng n thng
Tuyn Brunner:di lieberkurn,sng mu v tit cht nhy,kiu phn nhnh.Xung quanh l si c
nim khng lin tc nh d dy m phn nhnh nm gia tuyn brunner

Si c nim
2 :tuyn Liberkurn
3 :Tuyn brunner

RUT GI
C nhung mao t pht trin,ttb tr kha t,tb i nhiu
Tuyn lieuberkurn:ch yu l t bo hnh i
Si c nim dy v lin tc(phn bit vi rut tha)

Rut tha
Ch yu l t bo hnh i

Tuyn lieuberkurn nhiu t bo hnh i

C lim pho pht trin nn nang bch huyt pht trin t nim mc n tng di nim mc,si c
nim mnh ,ngn
Nang bch huyt

Rut gi
Tuyn
Lieuberkurn
Si c nim
Nang bch
huyt

Phn bit:
C tiu ng mch trung tm l lch
C tuyn Lieuberkurn l rut tha
i vi tuyn Lieuberkurn
Nhiu t bo hnh kha,di c tuyn Brunner,kch thc ln l t trng
C t bo hnh i,nu lp c nim lin tc,dy l rut gi,nu mnh khng lin tc l rut tha.

Gan
Nhu m gan:p/bit

- tiu thu gan (1)

- Khong ca gan (2)
1:khi gan hnh a din,ngn cch nhau bng m lin kt lng,kh phn bit ranh gii( ngi bnh
thng).i vi ngi bnh v ng vt c v th m lin kt dy rt d phn bit.Cu to bi 3
thnh phn:
- b r mac:do cc t bo gan ni vi nhau chy t ngoi vo trung tm tiu thu
- Mao mch nag hoa bnh xe(cu trc kiu xoang),thnh c 2 loi t bo:
+ Ni m:nhn nh dt,bt mu baz m,m st b
+ tb cupph:vai tr thc bo,nhn di hay ht u,kch thc ln hn t bo ni mc,nm
trong lng mao mch
Ngoi ra c th c hng cu,lym pho
- Tnh mch trung tm tiu thu:lng rg,nm gia 1,thnh mng,trn thnh dng nh
khng c lp c trn
2: gc 1 c vng m lin kt dy gi l khong ca gm 3 thnh phn cu to:
- Tm ca:lng rng ,thh mng
- m gan:ng lng nh,thnh dy,cu to bi lp c trn c lp o gia.
- ng mt :kch thc=ng ng mch nhng thnh lng ph bi lp biu m tr n,c
mt hng nhn t bo trn hay bu dc,nhn bt mu baz m (biu m tr n)

Tiu thu
gan

Tnh mch
trng tm
tiu thu

B r
mac

Khong
ca gan

Mao
mch
nan hoa
bnh xe

ng
mch gan

Tnh
mch
ca

ng mt

TUYN NC BT
Nhu m gm hai phn:
-Phn ch tit:cu to bi cc nang,c 3 loi:
+ Nang nc;lng nang c,bt mu baz m,thnh dy
Nang
+ Nang nhy:lng rng,sng mu,thh mng
+ Nang pha:lng sng ,rng,pha bn thnh c cu to bi lim tip nc(hnh trng
khuyt),bt mu nh nang nc
-ng bi xut:
+obx trong tiu thu gm:
*ng boll:kch thc nh nht,ni trc tip vi nang tuyn,thh l bm tr n
*ng vn:kch thc ln hn,thnh cu to bm tr n
+BX gian tiu thu:kch thc ln,BM tr tng,kiu ti chm nho(tuyn tu,tuyn
brunner,tuyn v)

1:tuyn nc
2:tuyn nhy
3:tuyn pha
D:ng bi xut gian tiu thu
:ng vn (di phn nhnh hn)
Mi(4):ng boll

TUYN TU
Ngoi tit:ch tit men tu,phn ch tit gm nag tu ngoi,phn bi xut gm obx trong tiu
thu,bx gian tiu thu
Thnh ca nag tuyn cu to bi t bo tu ngoi,tb trung tm nang tuyn cu to lng nang
c,mu axit,chim gn ht nhu m tu
ng bi xut:
-

Trong tiu thu:ng nh,thnh ng c bm vung n,nm gia vng nang

tuyn,nh

Vch gian tiu thu

(ng bi xut gian tiu thu,bm tr n)

Tu ni:cc t bo xp xt nhau thnh cc dy tb,ni vi nhau dng li,xen gia l cc dy
mch mu,nht mu hn tu ngoi(tiu o langethan)

Tu ni
(tiu o langhethan)

Tu ngoi

PHI
Nhu m phi:
Thnh phn tham gia vo chc nng thng kh ng dn kh);ng ph qun gian tiu thu,tiu
thu,tiu ph qun(chnh,tn)
-

Ph qun gian tiu thu:thnh ng c cu to 3 lp m:

+ nim mc: trong c 2 lp m:

Bm;tr gi tng c lng chuyn=kh qun
Lp m
+

Lp c:b c trn ri rc ,khngto vng lin tc

Lp sn v tuyn:sn trong(kh qun n ph qun),khng lin tc,xen gia c cc

C :sn trong
E :biu m tr gi tng c
lng chuyn
SM :lp c
LP :lp m

tuyn pha(va nc,va nhy)

Tiu ph qun chnh:thnh hai lp m(nim mc v lp c).Nim mc np

nhn cao,su,lng ng nh hp li,bm tr n,tb hnh i dng nh rt t.Lp c c c trn

to vng c khp kn(). ngoi mt lp sn v tuyn pha

Tiu ph qun tn:2 lp m.Nim mc mt ht np nhn,lng ng thng.C rt

t pht trin,1 lp c mng khng to vg c lin tc

Phn h hp;xen k gia cc ng ph qun(tiu ph qun,ng ph nag,ti ph nag).Trong phi
cn c cc mch mu i km vi tiu ph qun
Ph qun gian tiu thu c ng mch +tnh mch
Tiu ph qun:c M,khng TM
Thnh ng mch dy,d nhm vi tiu ph qun tn

THN
Nhu m thn:

- Tu thn:
+ thp manpi ghi:ln ,ni lin vi i thn
+ Thp ferren:xen gia nhu m v thn

Nhu m v thn:tiu cu thn,ng ln gn,ng ln xa

-

Tiu cu thn;khi hnh cu,c bao bowman,chm mao mch manpghi.Bao bowman c

hai l(ngoi bm lt n,trong tb c chn). gia hai l c khoang bowman.Vt c:l phn
ng ln xa xen gia m v tm ca chm mao mch manpighi,nhn tb m,hnh bu dc
xp xc nhau to thnh 1 m nm ri st tiu cu thn
ng ln gn:lng c,ti mu,thnh dy

ng ln xa:ngc li,lng sng,thnh mng

1 :tiu cu thn
3 :thp ferren
P :ng ln gn
D :ng ln xa
U :khoang bowman

NANG TRNG
CC LOI NANG TRNG
Nguyn thu
Thoi trin
S cp
c
C hc
Chn

Hong th

Hong th:

tb nang
Tb v

TINH HON
Vk 10:ng sinh tinh:trn ,bu dc,cong queo.C hai lai tb:
+T b dng tinh gm:
. Tinh nguyn bo:nhn trn nh,bt mu m
. Tinh bo 1,2:kch thc ln,nhn ln,x x,bt mu m
. Tinh t:nhn trn,nh,t bt mu
. Tinh trng: ging nh du phy
+ Tb sertolie:hnh tam gic ,bu dc,t bt mu thuc nhum,cng hnh vi t bo dng tinh

ng
sinh
tinh

-Tb sertolie
-Tinh
nguyn bo
-Tinh bo
1,2
-Tinh t

M k tinh
hon:tb k(tb
leydig)

H ni tit
Tuyn yn:chia lm 3 thu:

thu trc
Thu gia
Thu sau

Thu trc tuyn yn;c 3 loi tb:

a acid:kch thc ln,bo tng bt mu ,hay mu hng
a baz:
//
tm,xanh
K mu:khng bt mu
Tuyn gip
Nang tuyn gip:ti trn,kn cha keo tuyn gip,mu thuc nhum ,ngoi vi c hc trng gi l
khng bo ti hp thu.Ngoi nang c tb ch.
Tb ngh(ch,i hay tb vn l)

-Nang tuyn
gip
-Tb ngh(ch,i
hay tb vn l)
-keo tuyn gip

Tuyn thng thn

Bao bc bn ngoi l lp v x

Lp v

Tu
Lp cung:quay v pha v x
Lp b:dy,cc tb ni bnhau song song
Lp li:dng li