TR+,NG #H M/ TP. HCM Cng ha X Hi Ch$ ngh'a Vi*t nam KHOA XY D,NG V .I/N .c l1p T3 do H5nh phc --------------------------------- ----------------------------------- .6 C-7NG MN H8C
1. THNG TIN V6 MN H8C 1.1 Tn mn h)c: K: thu1t vi x< l + th3c hnh 1.2 M mn h)c: EENG4402 1.3 Trnh 12 #3i h)c/Cao 15ng: #3i h)c 1.4 Ngnh/Chuyn ngnh: K7 thu:t #i$n #i$n t; 1.5 Khoa/ Ban / Trung tm ph= trch: Khoa Xy d3ng v .i*n 1.6 S? tn chA: 03 1.7 Yu cCu 1?i vDi mn h)c: o .i=u ki*n tin quy>t: sinh vin phFi h)c tr!Dc cc mn h)c: #i$n t; cGn bFn, K7 thu:t Xung- S? o Cc yu c@u khc (n>u c): Phng Th nghi$m my tnh c ci 1Ht ch!(ng trnh m phIng Proteus v Phng Thc hnh c cc modul thc hnh chuyn bi$t c= thJ. 1.8 Yu cCu 1?i vDi sinh vin: Sinh vin phFi s; d=ng 1!Kc m2t s? phCn m'm m phIng trong lLnh vc 1i$n t; nh! OrCad; Proteus. Sinh vin cMng phFi s; d=ng thnh th3o l:p trnh cho vi 1i'u khiJn bNng Assembly, l:p trnh cho vi 1i'u khiJn trn C, 2. M TA MN H8C V MDC TIU o M tF ngGn gIn v= vJ tr mn hIc, mLi quan h* vMi cc mn hIc khc trong ch4Nng trnh Po t5o: Mn h)c ny 1i hIi sinh vin nOm vPng cc kiQn thRc v' m, cc h$ th?ng s? 1Qm, cc m3ch giFi m, m ho, trong mn h)c K7 thu:t Xung-S? cMng nh! cc kiQn thRc v' m3ch khuQch 13i, m3ch bo ho, trong mn h)c #i$n t; cGn bFn. Mn h)c trang bS cho sinh vin nhng kiQn thRuc c( bFn v' l:p trnh hKp ngP Assembly; cc kiQn thRc c( bFn v' vi x; l, vi 1i'u khiJn; cc Rng d=ng thc tiUn trong sFn xuWt, nghin cRu v 1Xi s?ng cYa cc h$ th?ng l:p trnh dng hKp ngP.. H)c xong mn h)c ny, sinh vin 1!Kc trang bS cc kiQn thRc chuyn su cho vi$c thc hi$n cc 1Z n mn h)c cMng nh! 1Z n t?t nghi$p. o MQc tiu c@n P5t P4Rc v= ki>n thSc v k: nTng sau khi k>t thc mn hIc: Hon thnh mn h)c, sinh vin phFi 1!Kc trang bS nhPng k7 nGng cCn thiQt v' cWu trc phCn cRng, s; d=ng thnh th3o t:p l$nh, l:p trnh v bin dSch ch!(ng trnh, viQt 1!Kc nhPng ch!(ng trnh c= thJ v' cc h$ th?ng 1i'u khiJn ngoi thc tQ thng qua cc bi thc hnh c= thJ 1!Kc thc hi$n trn cc m hnh thc hnh.
Khoa Xy dng v #i$n #' c!(ng mn h)c Kha 2009 2/6 3. NUI DUNG CHI TIVT MN H8C STT Tn ch4Nng MQc tiu MQc, tiXu mQc 1 Ch4Nng 1: GiDi thi$u chung Ng!Xi h)c nOm 1!Kc cWu trc cGn bFn cYa m2t h$ vi x; l; cch thRc truy xuWt dP li$u; cWu trc b2 nhD,Phn bi$t 1!Kc s khc nhau giPa vi x; l v vi 1i'u khiJn 1.1. So do khoi cua mot he vi xu ly co ban 1.2. Vi xu ly (P_ Microprocessor) 1.3. Bo nho (memory) 1.3.1. Phan loai 1.3.2. Cau truc ben trong tieu bieu cua bo nho 1.3.3. Giai ma dia ch cho bo nho 1.4. Nhap xuat (I/O_ Input/Output) 1.4.1. Phan loai 1.4.2. Giai ma dia ch cho I/O 1.4.3. Cac phuong phap dieu khien I/O 1.5. Vi xu ly va vi dieu khien 2 Ch4Nng 2: PhCn cRng h) MCS-51 Ng!Xi h)c c thJ v:n d=ng cc kiQn thRc v' cWu trc phCn cRng c? 1Snh cYa h) vi 1i'u kiJn MCS-51 vo vi$c l:p trnh 1i'u khiJn cc Rng d=ng 1(n giFn, c= thJ. Ng!Xi h)c c thJ b!Dc 1Cu thiQt kQ m2t kit Vi x; l 1(n giFn. 2.1. Tong quat 2.2. Mo ta cac chan (pinout) 2.3. Cau truc cua port I/O 2.4. To chuc bo nho 2.4.1. Cac bank thanh ghi 2.4.2. Vung RAM dinh dia ch bit 2.4.3. Vung RAM da du ng 2.5. Cac thanh ghi chuc nang dac biet (SFRs_ Special Function Registers) 2.6. Bo nho ngoai 2.6.1. Truy xuat bo nho chuong trnh ngoai 2.6.2. Truy xuat bo nho du lieu ngoai 2.6.3. Giai ma dia ch 2.6.4. Xep chong khong gian bo nho chuong trnh va du lieu 2.7. Hoat dong reset 3 Ch4Nng 3: T:p l$nh h) MCS-51 Ng!Xi h)c c thJ v:n d=ng cc kiQn thRc v' t:p l$nh kQt hKp vDi kiQn thRc v' cWu trc phCn cRng c? 1Snh cYa h) vi 1i'u khiJn MCS-51 trong Ch!(ng 2 vo vi$c l:p trnh 1i'u khiJn cc Rng d=ng c= thJ c mRc 12 kh cao h(n. 3.1. Cac kieu dinh vi dia ch 3.1.1. inh dia ch thanh ghi 3.1.2. inh dia ch truc tiep 3.1.3. inh dia ch gian tiep 3.1.4. inh dia ch tuc thoi 3.1.5. inh dia ch tuong doi 3.1.6. inh dia ch tuyet doi 3.1.7. inh dia ch dai 3.1.8. inh dia ch ch so 3.2. Cac nhom lenh 3.2.1. Nhom lenh chuyen du lieu 3.2.2. Nhom lenh so hoc 3.2.3. Nhom lenh logic 3.2.4. Nhom lenh xu ly bit 3.2.5. Nhom lenh chuyen dieu khien 3.3. Cc v d= minh ho3 c= thJ 4 Ch4Nng 4: Ng!Xi h)c nOm vPng v v:n 4.1. B[ #]NH TH,I (TIMER)
Khoa Xy dng v #i$n #' c!(ng mn h)c Kha 2009 3/6 Cc chRc nGng cYa h) MCS-51 d=ng 1!Kc cc kiQn thRc cho vi$c viQt cc ch!(ng trnh 1i'u khiJn Rng d=ng 1Hc bi$t s; d=ng cc chRc nGng 1Snh thXi (Timer), ngOt (Interrupt) v thu pht n?i tiQp (Serial Port) 4.1.1. Gioi thieu 4.1.2. Cac thanh ghi dinh thoi 4.1.3. Cac che do hoat dong a. Che do 0_ Che do dinh thoi 13 bit b. Che do 1_ Che do dinh thoi 16 bit c. Che do 2_ Che do dinh thoi 8 bit tu dong nap lai d. Che do 3_ Che do tach bo dinh thoi 4.1.4. Nguon xung clock cho bo dinh thoi 4.1.5. Khoi dong va truy xuat cac thanh ghi dinh thoi 4.2. PORT NOI TIEP (SERIAL PORT) 4.2.1. Gioi thieu 4.2.2. Thanh ghi dieu khien port noi tiep SCON 4.2.3. Cac che do hoat dong a. Che do 0_ Thanh ghi dich 8 bit b. Che do 1_ UART 8 bit co toc do baud thay doi duoc c. Che do 2_ UART 9 bit co toc do baud co dinh d. Che do 3_ UART 9 bit co toc do baud thay doi duoc 4.2.4. Toc do baud cua port noi tiep 4.2.5. Khoi dong va truy xuat cac thanh ghi port noi tiep 4.3. NGA T (INTERRUPT) 4.3.1. Gioi thieu 4.3.2. Cac thanh ghi ngat 4.3.3. Xu ly ngat 4.3.4. Cac ngat cua 8051 a. Cac ngat ngoai (external interrupts) b. Cac ngat bo dinh thoi (timer interrupts) c. Cac ngat port noi tiep (serial port interrupts) 4.3.5. Thiet ke chuong trnh dung cac ngat a. Chuong trnh phuc vu ngat co kch thuoc nho b. Chuong trnh phuc vu ngat co kch thuoc lon 5 Bi TH 1: GiDi thi$u m hnh v ch!(ng trnh bin dSch Ng!Xi h)c nOm vPng cWu trc phCn cRng cYa m hnh 1J v:n d=ng vo vi$c thiQt kQ cc Rng d=ng c= thJ m2t cch chnh xc v hKp l nhWt. Bi h)c cMng giDi thi$u cc ch!(ng trnh bin dSch hKp ngP ph_ biQn v hi$u quF hi$n nay, gip ng!Xi h)c 5.1. GiDi thi$u m hnh thc hnh 5.2. GiDi thi$u ch!(ng trnh bin dSch 5.2.1. GiDi thi$u ch!(ng trnh bin dSch 5.2.2. GiDi thi$u trnh t tiQn hnh bin dSch m2t ch!(ng trnh 5.3. GiDi thi$u ch!(ng trnh n3p
Khoa Xy dng v #i$n #' c!(ng mn h)c Kha 2009 4/6 nOm vPng cc thao tc bin dSch cc file ch!(ng trnh sang ngn ngP my, rZi n3p vo b2 nhD cYa Vi 1i'u khiJn ch3y thc thi cc ch!(ng trnh 1i'u khiJn c= thJ. 5.4. GiDi thi$u, phn tch cc m3ch phCn cRng trn m hnh
6 Bi TH 2: Giao tiQp port xuWt/nh:p (I/O port) Ng!Xi h)c v:n d=ng t:p l$nh 1J viQt cc ch!(ng trnh 1i'u khiJn c= thJ; nOm 1!Kc ph!(ng php xuWt/nh:p dP li$u qua cc port cYa vi 1i'u khiJn h) MCS-51; 1)c hi'u s( 1Z nguyn l cYa cc m3ch phCn cRng trong bi thc hnh.. 6.1. XuWt nh:p dP li$u qua cc port cYa MCU 6.1.1. Ch!(ng trnh 1)c dP li$u t` DIP- SWITCH 8 bit v xuWt dP li$u qua LED 1(n 6.1.2. Ch!(ng trnh hiJn thS dy LED 1(n thng qua xuWt dP li$u qua port. 6.2. Giao tiQp PUSH-SWITCH 6.2.1. Ch!(ng trnh nh:n gi trS t` PUSH- SWITCH 1i'u khiJn dSch LED 6.2.2. Ch!(ng trnh ma r2ng: 1_i tr3ng thi hiJn thS LED 1(n khi c nhWn PUSH- SWITCH. 7 Bi TH 3: Giao tiQp bn phm LED 7 1o3n Ng!Xi h)c viQt 1!Kc cc ch!(ng trnh hiJn thS dP li$u ln m2t hay nhi'u LED 7 1o3n bNng ph!(ng php qut LED v ph!(ng php ch?t LED. ViQt 1!Kc ch!(ng trnh nh:p dP li$u t` bn phm ma tr:n 4x4 rZi hiJn thS ln LED 7 1o3n. Ng!Xi h)c 1)c v hiJu r nguyn l cc m3ch phCn cRng trong bi thc hnh. 7.1. Giao tiQp vDi m2t LED 7 1o3n 7.1.1. GiFi m bNng phCn cRng (dng IC 74247) 7.1.2. GiFi m bNng phCn m'm (ph!(ng php tra bFng) 7.2. Giao tiQp vDi nhi'u LED 7 1o3n 7.2.1. HiJn thS bNng ph!(ng php qut LED 7.2.2. HiJn thS bNng ph!(ng php ch?t LED 7.3. Giao tiQp vDi ma tr:n bn phm 4x4 7.3.1. Nh:p dP li$u t` bn phm, hiJn thS trn m2t LED 7 1o3n 7.3.2. Nh:p dP li$u t` bn phm, hiJn thS trn nhi'u LED 7 1o3n theo 1ng thR t. 8 Bi TH 4: Giao tiQp PIO 8255 Ma r2ng port xuWt/ nh:p Gip ng!Xi h)c nOm vPng kiQn thRc ma r2ng port xuWt/nh:p khi ti nguyn port cYa vi 1i'u khiJn khng 1Y 1p Rng nhu cCu xuWt/nh:p dP li$u, nhWt l 1?i vDi cc ch!(ng trnh quang bo. Bi thc hnh ny nhOm 1Qn m=c tiu gip ng!Xi h)c Rng d=ng 1Hc tr!ng cWu t3o cYa PIO 8255 1J ma r2ng port xuWt nh:p, xuWt dP li$u quang bo tLnh/12ng ln LED ma tr:n. 8.1. Nh:p/xuWt dP li$u vDi cc port cYa PIO 8255 8.1.1. KQt n?i phCn cRng, kiJm tra xuWt nh:p qua port A, B cYa PIO 8255 8.1.2. XuWt dP li$u qua port A ra LED 1(n, dP li$u qua port C ra LED 7 1o3n 8.2. Giao tiQp vDi ma tr:n LED 8x8 8.2.1. HiJn thS k t tLnh trn LED ma tr:n 8x8 8.2.2. HiJn thS k t 12ng trn LED ma tr:n 8x8 8.2.3. HiJn thS 1o3n k t 12ng trn LED ma tr:n 8x8
Khoa Xy dng v #i$n #' c!(ng mn h)c Kha 2009 5/6 9 Bi TH 5: Giao tiQp cFm biQn v h$ th?ng th`a hnh Ng!Xi h)c v:n d=ng cc kiQn thRc phCn cRng v kiQn thRc l:p trnh vo cc Rng d=ng 1i'u khiJn t 12ng c= thJ thng qua cc cFm biQn (nhi$t 12, nh sng) cMng nh! 1i'u khiJn cc h$ th?ng th`a hnh m2t chi'u, xoay chi'u thng qua relay.
9.1. #o nhi$t 12 thng qua cFm biQn nhi$t LM35 v ADC0809 9.1.1. GiDi thi$u 1Hc tr!ng cYa cFm biQn LM35 v ADC0809 9.1.2. KQt n?i kiJm tra cFm biQn nhi$t LM35 v ADC0809 thng qua LED 1(n 9.1.3. Ch!(ng trnh nh:n dP li$u t` ADC, biQn 1_i sang BCD rZi hiJn thS trn LED 7 1o3n 9.2. #i'u khiJn h$ th?ng th`a hnh thng qua 1o nhi$t 12 9.2.1. #i'u khiJn qu3t DC thng qua ci 1Ht mRc nhi$t 12 9.2.2. #i'u khiJn qu3t DC v 1n AC thng qua nhi'u mRc ci 1Ht nhi$t 12 9.3. #i'u khiJn h$ th?ng th`a hnh thng qua cFm biQn nh sng 10 Bi TH 6: #i'u khiJn 12ng c( b!Dc Gip ng!Xi h)c nOm vPng kiQn thRc v' 12ng c( b!Dc (step motor), Rng d=ng cc kiQn thRc phCn cRng v kiQn thRc l:p trnh cYa vi 1i'u khiJn vo vi$c 1i'u khiJn 12ng c( b!Dc thng qua cc thng s? 1i'u khiJn gc quay, 1i'u khiJn t?c 12 quay, 1i'u khiJn h!Dng quay, 10.1. GiDi thi$u nguyn l cWu t3o v ho3t 12ng cYa 12ng c( b!Dc 10.2. #i'u khiJn 12ng c( b!Dc theo chQ 12 half step v full step 10.3. #i'u khiJn 12ng c( b!Dc theo cc thng s?: v:n t?c, gc quay, chi'u quay. 4. H8C LI/U Gio trnh mn hIc: Gio trnh chnh: [1] Ho Trung My - V/ xa /y! - NXB HQG TP.HCM - 2003. [2] T?ng VGn On, Hong #Rc HFi - H V/ #/$a kh/'n 8051 - NXB KHKT - 2004 Gio trnh phQ hoZc ti li*u tham khFo: [1] Charles M.Gilmore - M/croprocessors Pr/nc/p/es and App//cat/ons, 2 nd Ed/ton, McGrawHill 1995 [2] Phan Van Hiep, Bi gi)ng Vi X, L +Ti li.u h-/ng d2n th4c hnh Website: www.alldatasheet.com; www.digchip.com; www.google.com.vn Ph@n m=m P= nghJ s< dQng: Proteus 7.1; MCS-51 Compiler; Matrix LED 16x24