Chapter4 Microwave Amplifier

Dr.
Cuong Huynh Telecommunications DepartmentHCMUT

1
Huynh Phu Minh Cuong
hpmcuong@hcmut.edu.vn

Department of Telecommunications
Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
Ho Chi Minh city University of Technology
Chapter 4
Microwave Amplifier
MICROWAVE INTERGRATED CIRCUITS
Dr. Cuong Huynh Telecommunications DepartmentHCMUT
2
Microwave Amplifier
Reference:
[1] D. M. Pozar, Microwave & RF Design of Wireless Systems
(Ch 6,9)
[2] R. Ludwig, RF Circuit Design: Theory & Applications (Ch
8,9)
[3] G. Gonzalez, Microwave Transistor Amplifiers Analysis and
Design
[4] R. Weber, I ntroduction to Microwave Circuit: Radio
Fequency & Design Applications (Ch 15 )
[5] G. Vendelin, Design of Amplifier and Oscillator Circuit
Design by S-Parameters Method
[6] B. Razavi, RF Microelectronics (Ch 5-9)
[7] S. Cripps, RF Power Amplifiers for Wireless Communications
3
Microwave Amplifier
4
Microwave Amplifier
5
Microwave Amplifier
6
Microwave Amplifier
7
1. Transducer Power Gain (GT ) & Stability
Low power microwave transistor
High power microwave transistor
A two-port network with arbitrary source and load impedances.
Transducer power gain = G
T
= P
L
/P
avs
is the ratio of the power delivered to the
load to the power available from the source. This depends on both Z
S
and Z
L
.
Definition of Two-Port Power Gains
L
T
avs
P
G
P

Cong suat tieu thu tren tai
Cong suat kha dung co the cung cap t nguon
*
in S
avs in
P P


2 2
11
2 2 2
21
1 1
) 1 )( 1 (
out L S
L S
T
S
S
G

2
22
2
2
2
2
1
2
21
1 1
) 1 )( 1 (
S
S
G
L in S
T

22
21 12
11
1 S
S S
S
L
L
in

11
21 12
22
1 S
S S
S
S
S
out

Power Gain Calculation
17
22
21 12
11
1 S
S S
S
L
L
in

11
21 12
22
1 S
S S
S
S
S
out

18
19
20
Which region
Stable / unstable ?
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
2. Maximum Transducer Power Gain Design
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
3. Constant Gain Circles and Specified Gain Amplifier
Unilateral Transistor
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
4. Low Noise Amplifier (LNA)
Receiver sensitivity is
mainly determined by LNA
noise figure.
55
56
57
58
59
Constant noise figure circles in the s plane
For a fixed noise figure F, we can show that this result defines a
circle in the S plane.
Define the noise figure parameter, N, as
60
61
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63
64
65
66
5. BROADBAND TRANSISTOR AMPLIFIER DESIGN
Compensated matching networks: Input and output matching sections can
be designed to compensate for the gain rolloff in |S21|, but generally at the
expense of the input and output matching.
Resistive matching networks: Good input and output matching can be
obtained by using resistive matching networks, with a corresponding loss in
gain and increase in noise figure.
Negative feedback: Negative feedback can be used to flatten the gain
response of the transistor, improve the input and output match, and improve the
stability of the device. Amplifier bandwidths in excess of a decade are possible
with this method, at the expense of gain and noise figure.
Balanced amplifiers: Two amplifiers having 90 couplers at their input and
output can provide good matching over an octave bandwidth, or more. The gain
is equal to that of a single amplifier, however, and the design requires two
transistors and twice the DC power.
Distributed amplifiers: Several transistors are cascaded together along a
transmission line, giving good gain, matching, and noise figure over a wide
bandwidth. The circuit is large, and does not give as much gain as a cascade
amplifier with the same number of stages.
67
68
69
70
71
The concept of the distributed amplifier dates
back to the 1940s, when it was used in the
design
of broadband vacuum tube amplifiers.
Bandwidths in excess of a decade are possible,
with good input and output matching.
Distributed amplifiers are not capable of very
high
gains or very low noise figure, however, and
generally are larger than an amplifier having
comparable gain over a narrower bandwidth.
This type of circuit is
also known as a traveling wave amplifier.
72
73
6. Power Amplifier (PA) Design
74
75
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77
78
79
80
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90

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Dr.

Cuong Huynh Telecommunications DepartmentHCMUT

1. Transducer Power Gain (GT ) & Stability

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