MATLAB - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia

L-shaped membrane logo
[1]
MATLAB R2013a running on Windows 8
Developer(s) MathWorks
Initial release 1984
Stable release R2014a / March 6, 2014
Preview release None [] (https://en.wikipedia.org
/w/index.php?title=Template:Latest_preview_software_release
/MATLAB&action=edit)
Development status Active
Written in C, C++, J ava, MATLAB
Operating system Cross-platform: Microsoft Windows, Linux, and
Mac OS X
[2]
Platform IA-32, x86-64
Type Technical computing
License Proprietary commercial software
Website MATLAB product page
(http://www.mathworks.com/products/matlab/)
MATLAB
Paradigm(s) multi-paradigm: imperative, procedural, object-
oriented, array
Designed by Cleve Moler
Developer MathWorks
Appeared
in
late 1970s
Stable
release
8.3 / 2014
Preview
release
None [] (https://en.wikipedia.org
/w/index.php?title=Template:Latest_preview_software_release
/MATLAB&action=edit)
Typing
discipline
dynamic, weak
OS Cross-platform
Filename
extension(s)
.m
MATLAB Programming at Wikibooks
MATLAB
FromWikipedia, the free encyclopedia
MATLAB (matrix laboratory) is a multi-paradigmnumerical computing environment and
fourth-generation programming language. Developed by MathWorks, MATLAB allows matrix
manipulations, plotting of functions and data, implementation of algorithms, creation of user
interfaces, and interfacing with programs written in other languages, including C, C++, J ava, and
Fortran.
Although MATLAB is intended primarily for numerical computing, an optional toolbox uses the
MuPAD symbolic engine, allowing access to symbolic computing capabilities. An additional
package, Simulink, adds graphical multi-domain simulation and Model-Based Design for
dynamic and embedded systems.
In 2004, MATLAB had around one million users across industry and academia.
[3]
MATLAB
users come fromvarious backgrounds of engineering, science, and economics. MATLAB is
widely used in academic and research institutions as well as industrial enterprises.
Contents
1 History
2 Syntax
2.1 Variables
2.2 Vectors/matrices
2.3 Structures
2.4 Function handles
2.5 Classes
3 Graphics and graphical user interface programming
4 Object-oriented programming
5 Interfacing with other languages
6 License
7 Alternatives
8 Release history
9 File extensions
9.1 MATLAB
9.2 Simulink
9.3 Simscape
[66]
9.4 MuPAD
9.5 Third-party
10 Easter eggs
11 See also
12 Notes
13 References
14 External links
History
Cleve Moler, the chairman of the computer science department at the University of New Mexico, started
developing MATLAB in the late 1970s.
[4]
He designed it to give his students access to LINPACK and
EISPACK without themhaving to learn Fortran. It soon spread to other universities and found a strong
audience within the applied mathematics community. J ack Little, an engineer, was exposed to it during a
visit Moler made to Stanford University in 1983. Recognizing its commercial potential, he joined with
Moler and Steve Bangert. They rewrote MATLAB in C and founded MathWorks in 1984 to continue its
development. These rewritten libraries were known as J ACKPAC.
[5]
In 2000, MATLAB was rewritten
to use a newer set of libraries for matrix manipulation, LAPACK.
[6]
MATLAB was first adopted by researchers and practitioners in control engineering, Little's specialty, but quickly spread to many other domains. It is now also used
in education, in particular the teaching of linear algebra and numerical analysis, and is popular amongst scientists involved in image processing.
[4]
MATLAB - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MATLAB
1 of 10 6/15/2014 12:39 AM
Syntax
The MATLAB application is built around the MATLAB language, and most use of MATLAB involves typing MATLAB code into the Command Window (as an
interactive mathematical shell), or executing text files containing MATLAB code, including scripts and/or functions.
[7]
Variables
Variables are defined using the assignment operator, =. MATLAB is a weakly typed programming language because types are implicitly converted.
[8]
It is a
dynamically typed language because variables can be assigned without declaring their type, except if they are to be treated as symbolic objects,
[9]
and that their type
can change. Values can come fromconstants, fromcomputation involving values of other variables, or fromthe output of a function. For example:
>> x = 17
x =
17

>> x = ' hat '
x =
hat

>> y = x + 0
y =
104 97 116

>> x = [ 3*4, pi / 2]
x =
12. 0000 1. 5708

>> y = 3*si n( x)
y =
- 1. 6097 3. 0000
Vectors/matrices
A simple array is defined using the colon syntax: init: increment: terminator. For instance:
>> ar r ay = 1: 2: 9
ar r ay =
1 3 5 7 9
defines a variable named ar r ay (or assigns a new value to an existing variable with the name ar r ay) which is an array consisting of the values 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9. That
is, the array starts at 1 (the init value), increments with each step fromthe previous value by 2 (the increment value), and stops once it reaches (or to avoid
exceeding) 9 (the terminator value).
>> ar r ay = 1: 3: 9
ar r ay =
1 4 7
the increment value can actually be left out of this syntax (along with one of the colons), to use a default value of 1.
>> ar i = 1: 5
ar i =
1 2 3 4 5
assigns to the variable named ar i an array with the values 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, since the default value of 1 is used as the incrementer.
Indexing is one-based,
[10]
which is the usual convention for matrices in mathematics, although not for some programming languages such as C, C++, and J ava.
Matrices can be defined by separating the elements of a row with blank space or comma and using a semicolon to terminate each row. The list of elements should be
surrounded by square brackets: []. Parentheses: () are used to access elements and subarrays (they are also used to denote a function argument list).
>> A = [ 16 3 2 13; 5 10 11 8; 9 6 7 12; 4 15 14 1]
A =
16 3 2 13
5 10 11 8
9 6 7 12
4 15 14 1

>> A( 2, 3)
ans =
11
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Sets of indices can be specified by expressions such as "2:4", which evaluates to [2, 3, 4]. For example, a submatrix taken fromrows 2 through 4 and columns 3
through 4 can be written as:
>> A( 2: 4, 3: 4)
ans =
11 8
7 12
14 1
A square identity matrix of size n can be generated using the function eye, and matrices of any size with zeros or ones can be generated with the functions zeros and
ones, respectively.
>> eye( 3)
ans =
1 0 0
0 1 0
0 0 1

>> zer os( 2, 3)
ans =
0 0 0
0 0 0

>> ones( 2, 3)
ans =
1 1 1
1 1 1
Most MATLAB functions can accept matrices and will apply themselves to each element. For example, mod( 2*J , n) will multiply every element in "J " by 2, and
then reduce each element modulo "n". MATLAB does include standard "for" and "while" loops, but (as in other similar applications such as R), using the vectorized
notation often produces code that is faster to execute. This code, excerpted fromthe function magic.m, creates a magic square M for odd values of n (MATLAB
function meshgr i d is used here to generate square matrices I and J containing 1:n).
[ J , I ] = meshgr i d( 1: n) ;
A = mod( I + J - ( n + 3) / 2, n) ;
B = mod( I + 2 * J - 2, n) ;
M = n * A + B + 1;
Structures
MATLAB has structure data types.
[11]
Since all variables in MATLAB are arrays, a more adequate name is "structure array", where each element of the array has the
same field names. In addition, MATLAB supports dynamic field names
[12]
(field look-ups by name, field manipulations, etc.). Unfortunately, MATLAB J IT does
not support MATLAB structures, therefore just a simple bundling of various variables into a structure will come at a cost.
Function handles
MATLAB supports elements of lambda calculus by introducing function handles,
[13]
or function references, which are implemented either in .mfiles or
anonymous
[14]
/nested functions.
[15]
Classes
Although MATLAB has classes, the syntax and calling conventions are significantly different from other languages. MATLAB has value classes and reference
classes, depending on whether the class has handle as a super-class (for reference classes) or not (for value classes).
[16]
Method call behavior is different between value and reference classes. For example, a call to a method
obj ect . met hod( ) ;
can alter any member of object only if object is an instance of a reference class.
Graphics and graphical user interface programming
MATLAB supports developing applications with graphical user interface features. MATLAB includes GUIDE
[17]
(GUI development environment) for graphically
designing GUIs.
[18]
It also has tightly integrated graph-plotting features. For example the function plot can be used to produce a graph fromtwo vectors x and y. The
3 of 10 6/15/2014 12:39 AM
code:
x = 0: pi / 100: 2*pi ;
y = si n( x) ;
pl ot ( x, y)
produces the following figure of the sine function:
A MATLAB programcan produce three-dimensional graphics using the functions surf, plot3 or mesh.
[ X, Y] = meshgr i d( - 10: 0. 25: 10, - 10: 0. 25: 10) ;
f = si nc( sqr t ( ( X/ pi ) . ^2+( Y/ pi ) . ^2) ) ;
mesh( X, Y, f ) ;
axi s( [ - 10 10 - 10 10 - 0. 3 1] )
xl abel ( ' {\ bf x}' )
yl abel ( ' {\ bf y}' )
zl abel ( ' {\ bf si nc} ( {\ bf R}) ' )
hi dden of f

[ X, Y] = meshgr i d( - 10: 0. 25: 10, - 10: 0. 25: 10) ;
f = si nc( sqr t ( ( X/ pi ) . ^2+( Y/ pi ) . ^2) ) ;
sur f ( X, Y, f ) ;
axi s( [ - 10 10 - 10 10 - 0. 3 1] )
xl abel ( ' {\ bf x}' )
yl abel ( ' {\ bf y}' )
zl abel ( ' {\ bf si nc} ( {\ bf R}) ' )
This code produces a wireframe 3D plot of the two-dimensional unnormalized
sinc function:

This code produces a surface 3D plot of the two-dimensional unnormalized
sinc function:

In MATLAB, graphical user interfaces can be programmed with the GUI design environment (GUIDE) tool.
[19]
Object-oriented programming
MATLAB's support for object-oriented programming includes classes, inheritance, virtual dispatch, packages, pass-by-value semantics, and pass-by-reference
semantics.
[20]
cl assdef hel l o
met hods
f unct i on gr eet ( t hi s)
di sp( ' Hel l o! ' )
end
end
end
4 of 10 6/15/2014 12:39 AM
When put into a file named hel l o. m, this can be executed with the following commands:
>> x = hel l o;
>> x. gr eet ( ) ;
Hel l o!
Interfacing with other languages
MATLAB can call functions and subroutines written in the C programming language or Fortran.
[21]
A wrapper function is created allowing MATLAB data types to
be passed and returned. The dynamically loadable object files created by compiling such functions are termed "MEX-files" (for MATLAB executable).
[22][23]
Libraries written in Perl, J ava, ActiveX or .NET can be directly called fromMATLAB,
[24][25]
and many MATLAB libraries (for example XML or SQL support) are
implemented as wrappers around J ava or ActiveX libraries. Calling MATLAB fromJ ava is more complicated, but can be done with a MATLAB toolbox
[26]
which is
sold separately by MathWorks, or using an undocumented mechanismcalled J MI (J ava-to-MATLAB Interface),
[27][28]
(which should not be confused with the
unrelated J ava Metadata Interface that is also called J MI).
As alternatives to the MuPAD based Symbolic Math Toolbox available fromMathWorks, MATLAB can be connected to Maple or Mathematica.
[29][30]
Libraries also exist to import and export MathML.
[31]
License
MATLAB is a proprietary product of MathWorks, so users are subject to vendor lock-in.
[3][32]
Although MATLAB Builder product can deploy MATLAB functions
as library files which can be used with .NET
[33]
or J ava
[34]
application building environment, future development will still be tied to the MATLAB language.
Each toolbox is purchased separately. If an evaluation license is requested, the MathWorks sales department requires detailed information about the project for
which MATLAB is to be evaluated. Overall the process of acquiring a license is expensive in terms of money and time. If granted (which it often is), the evaluation
license is valid for two to four weeks. A student version of MATLAB is also available.
It has been reported that EU competition regulators are investigating whether MathWorks refused to sell licenses to a competitor.
[35]
Alternatives
MATLAB has a number of competitors.
[36]
Commercial competitors include Mathematica, Maple, and IDL. There are also free open source alternatives to
MATLAB, in particular GNU Octave, Scilab, FreeMat, J ulia, and Sage which are intended to be mostly compatible with the MATLAB language. Among other
languages that treat arrays as basic entities (array programming languages) are APL, Fortran 90 and higher, S-Lang, as well as the statistical languages R and S.
There are also libraries to add similar functionality to existing languages, such as IT++for C++, Perl Data Language for Perl, ILNumerics for .NET, NumPy/SciPy
for Python, and Numeric.js (http://www.numericjs.com/) for J avaScript.
GNU Octave stands out as it treats incompatibility with MATLAB as a bug (see GNU Octave#Matlab), therefore it aims to provide a software clone.
Release history
5 of 10 6/15/2014 12:39 AM
Version
[37]
Release
name
Number
Bundled
JVM
Year Release Date Notes
MATLAB
1.0
1984
MATLAB 2 1986
MATLAB 3 1987
MATLAB
3.5
1990
Ran on MS-DOS but required at least a 386 processor. Version 3.5mrequired math
coprocessor
MATLAB 4 1992
MATLAB
4.2c
1994 Ran on Windows 3.1. Required a math coprocessor.
MATLAB
5.0
Volume 8 1996
December,
1996
Unified releases across all platforms.
MATLAB
5.1
Volume 9
1997
May, 1997
MATLAB
5.1.1
R9.1
MATLAB
5.2
R10
1998
March, 1998
MATLAB
5.2.1
R10.1
MATLAB
5.3
R11
1999
J anuary, 1999
MATLAB
5.3.1
R11.1
November,
1999
MATLAB
6.0
R12
12
1.1.8 2000
November,
2000
First release with bundled J ava Virtual Machine (J VM).
MATLAB
6.1
R12.1 1.3.0 2001 J une, 2001
MATLAB
6.5
R13
13
1.3.1 2002 J uly, 2002
MATLAB
6.5.1
R13SP1
2003
MATLAB
6.5.2
R13SP2
MATLAB 7 R14
14
1.4.2
2004
J une, 2004
MATLAB
7.0.1
R14SP1 October, 2004
MATLAB
7.0.4
R14SP2 1.5.0
2005
March 7, 2005
Support for memory-mapped files.
[38]
MATLAB
7.1
R14SP3 1.5.0
September 1,
2005
MATLAB
7.2
R2006a 15 1.5.0
2006
March 1, 2006
MATLAB
7.3
R2006b 16 1.5.0
September 1,
2006
HDF5-based MAT-file support
MATLAB
7.4
R2007a 17 1.5.0_07
2007
March 1, 2007
New bsxf un function to apply element-by-element binary operation with singleton
expansion enabled.
[39]
MATLAB
7.5
R2007b 18 1.6.0
September 1,
2007
Last release for Windows 2000 and PowerPC Mac. License Server support for
Windows Vista.
[40]
New internal format for P-code.
MATLAB
7.6
R2008a 19 1.6.0
2008
March 1, 2008
Major enhancements to object-oriented programming capabilities with a new class
definition syntax,
[41]
and ability to manage namespaces with packages.
[42]
MATLAB
7.7
R2008b 20 1.6.0_04
October 9,
2008
New Map data structure.
[43]
Upgrades to randomnumber generators.
[44]
MATLAB
7.8
R2009a 21 1.6.0_04 2009 March 6, 2009
First release for 32-bit & 64-bit Microsoft Windows 7. New external interface to
Microsoft .NET Framework.
[45]
6 of 10 6/15/2014 12:39 AM
MATLAB
7.9
R2009b
22
1.6.0_12
September 4,
2009
First release for Intel 64-bit Mac, and last for Solaris SPARC. New usage for the tilde
operator (~) to ignore arguments in function calls.
[46][47]
MATLAB
7.9.1
R2009bSP1 1.6.0_12
2010
April 1, 2010 bug fixes.
MATLAB
7.10
R2010a 23 1.6.0_12 March 5, 2010 Last release for Intel 32-bit Mac.
MATLAB
7.11
R2010b
24
1.6.0_17
September 3,
2010
Support for enumerations added.
[48]
MATLAB
7.11.1
R2010bSP1 1.6.0_17
2011
March 17, 2011 bug fixes and updates.
MATLAB
7.11.2
R2010bSP2 1.6.0_17
April 5,
2012
[49]
bug fixes.
MATLAB
7.12
R2011a 25 1.6.0_17 April 8, 2011
New r ng function to control randomnumber generation.
[50][51][52]
MATLAB
7.13
R2011b 26 1.6.0_17
September 1,
2011
Access/change parts of variables directly in MAT-files, without loading into
memory.
[53]
Increased maximumlocal workers with Parallel Computing Toolbox from
8 to 12.
[54]
MATLAB
7.14
R2012a 27 1.6.0_17
2012
March 1, 2012
MATLAB 8 R2012b 28 1.6.0_17
September 11,
2012
First release with Toolstrip interface.
[55]
MATLAB Apps.
[56]
Redesigned
documentation system.
MATLAB
8.1
R2013a 29 1.6.0_17
2013
March 7, 2013
New unit testing framework.
[57]
MATLAB
8.2
R2013b 30 1.7.0_11
September 6,
2013
[58]
New table data type.
[59]
MATLAB
8.3
R2014a 31 1.7.0_11 2014
March 7,
2014
[60]
Simplified compiler setup for building MEX-files. USB Webcams support in core
MATLAB. Number of local workers no longer limited to 12 with Parallel Computing
Toolbox.
The number (or Release number) is the version reported by Concurrent License Manager programFLEXlm.
For a complete list of changes of both MATLAB and official toolboxes, consult the MATLAB release notes.
[61]
File extensions
MATLAB
.fig
MATLAB figure
.m
MATLAB code (function, script, or class)
.mat
MATLAB data (binary file for storing variables)
.mex... (.mexw32, .mexw64, .mexglx, ...)
MATLAB executable MEX-files
[62]
(platformspecific, e.g. ".mexmac" for the Mac, ".mexglx" for Linux, etc.
[63]
)
.p
MATLAB content-obscured .mfile (P-code
[64]
)
.mlappinstall
MATLAB packaged App Installer
[65]
Simulink
.mdl
Simulink Model
.mdlp
Simulink Protected Model
.slx
Simulink Model (SLX format)
.slxp
Simulink Protected Model (SLX format)
7 of 10 6/15/2014 12:39 AM
Screen capture of two easter eggs in
MATLAB 3.5.
Simscape
[66]
.ssc
Simscape Model
MuPAD
.mn
MuPAD Notebook
.mu
MuPAD Code
.xvc, .xvz
MuPAD Graphics
Third-party
.jkt
GPU Cache file generated by J acket for MATLAB (AccelerEyes)
.mum
MATLAB CAPE-OPEN Unit Operation Model File (AmsterCHEM)
Easter eggs
Several easter eggs exist in MATLAB.
[67]
These include hidden pictures,
[68]
and randominside jokes. For example, typing in "spy" will generate a picture of the
spies fromSpy vs Spy. "Spy" was changed to an image of a dog in recent releases (R2011B). Typing in "why" randomly outputs a philosophical answer. Other
commands include "penny", "toilet", "image", and "life". Not every Easter egg appears in every version of MATLAB some appear and some disappear.
See also
List of numerical analysis software
Comparison of numerical analysis software
Notes
^ "The L-Shaped Membrane" (http://www.mathworks.com
/company/newsletters/articles/the-l-shaped-membrane.html).
MathWorks. 2003. Retrieved 7 February 2014.
1.
^ "SystemRequirements and PlatformAvailability"
(http://www.mathworks.com/products/availability
/index.html#ML). MathWorks. Retrieved 2013-08-14.
2.
^
a

b
Richard Goering, "Matlab edges closer to electronic
design automation world (http://www.eetimes.com
/document.asp?doc_id=1151422)," EE Times, 10/04/2004
3.
^
a

b
Cleve Moler (December 2004). "The Origins of
MATLAB" (http://www.mathworks.com/company
/newsletters/articles/the-origins-of-matlab.html). Retrieved
April 15, 2007.
4.
^ "MATLAB Programming Language"
(http://www.altiusdirectory.com/Computers/matlab-
programming-language.php). Altius Directory. Retrieved
2010-12-17.
5.
^ Cleve Moler (J anuary 2000). "MATLAB Incorporates
LAPACK" (http://www.mathworks.com/company
/newsletters/articles/matlab-incorporates-lapack.html).
Cleve's Corner. MathWorks. Retrieved December 20, 2008.
6.
^ "MATLAB Documentation" (http://www.mathworks.com
/help/matlab/index.html). MathWorks. Retrieved 2013-08-14.
7.
^ "Comparing MATLAB with Other OO Languages"
(http://www.mathworks.com/help/matlab/matlab_oop
/matlab-vs-other-oo-languages.html). MATLAB. MathWorks.
Retrieved 14 August 2013.
8.
^ "Create Symbolic Variables and Expressions"
(http://www.mathworks.com/help/symbolic/creating-
symbolic-variables-and-expressions.html). Symbolic Math
Toolbox. MathWorks. Retrieved 14 August 2013.
9.
^ "Matrix Indexing" (http://www.mathworks.com
/help/matlab/math/matrix-indexing.html). MathWorks.
10.
^ "Structures" (http://www.mathworks.com/help/matlab
/structures.html). MathWorks. Retrieved 14 August 2013.
11.
^ "Generate Field Names fromVariables"
(http://www.mathworks.com/help/matlab/matlab_prog
/generate-field-names-from-variables.html). MathWorks.
12.
^ "Function Handles" (http://www.mathworks.com
/help/matlab/function-handles.html). MathWorks. Retrieved
14 August 2013.
13.
^ "Anonymous Functions" (http://www.mathworks.com
/help/matlab/matlab_prog/anonymous-functions.html).
MathWorks. Retrieved 14 August 2013.
14.
^ "Nested Functions" (http://www.mathworks.com
/help/matlab/matlab_prog/nested-functions.html).
MathWorks.
15.
^ "Comparing Handle and Value Classes"
(http://www.mathworks.com/help/matlab/matlab_oop
/comparing-handle-and-value-classes.html). MathWorks.
16.
^ "Introduction to GUIDE" (http://www.mathworks.com
/help/matlab/creating_guis/introduction-to-guide.html).
17.
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^ "MATLAB GUI" (http://www.mathworks.com/discovery/matlab-gui.html).
MathWorks. 2011-04-30. Retrieved 2013-08-14.
18.
^ Smith, S. T. (2006). Matlab: Advanced GUI Development. Dog Ear Publishing.
ISBN 978-1-59858-181-2.
19.
^ "Object-Oriented Programming" (http://www.mathworks.com/help/matlab
/object-oriented-programming.html). MathWorks. Retrieved 2013-08-14.
20.
^ "Application Programming Interfaces to MATLAB" (http://www.mathworks.com
/help/matlab/programming-interfaces-for-c-c-fortran-com.html). MathWorks.
21.
^ "Create MEX-Files" (http://www.mathworks.com/help/matlab/create-
mex-files.html). MathWorks. Retrieved 14 August 2013.
22.
^ Spielman, Dan (2004-02-10). "Connecting C and Matlab"
(http://www.cs.yale.edu/homes/spielman/ECC/cMatlab.html). Yale University,
Computer Science Department. Retrieved 2008-05-20.
23.
^ "External Programming Language Interfaces" (http://www.mathworks.com
/help/matlab/external-interfaces.html). MathWorks. Retrieved 14 August 2013.
24.
^ "Call Perl script using appropriate operating systemexecutable"
(http://www.mathworks.com/help/matlab/ref/perl.html). MathWorks. Retrieved 7
November 2013.
25.
^ "MATLAB Builder JA" (http://www.mathworks.com/products/javabuilder/).
MathWorks. Retrieved 2010-06-07.
26.
^ Yair Altman (2010-04-14). "J ava-to-Matlab Interface"
(http://undocumentedmatlab.com/blog/jmi-java-to-matlab-interface/).
Undocumented Matlab. Retrieved 2010-06-07.
27.
^ J oshua Kaplan. "matlabcontrol J MI" (https://code.google.com/p/matlabcontrol
/wiki/J MI).
28.
^ Roger Germundsson fromWolframResearch (1998-09-30). "MaMa: Calling
MATLAB fromMathematica with MathLink" (http://library.wolfram.com
/infocenter/MathSource/618/). WolframLibrary Archive.
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^ rsmenon, szhorvat (2013). "MATLink: Communicate with MATLAB from
Mathematica" (http://matlink.org/). Retrieved 14 August 2013.
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^ Michael Weitzel (2006-09-01). "MathML import/export"
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31.
^ J an Stafford (21 May 2003). "The Wrong Choice: Locked in by license
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Choice-Locked-in-by-license-restrictions). SearchOpenSource.com. Retrieved 14
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32.
^ "MATLAB Builder NE" (http://www.mathworks.com/products/netbuilder/).
33.
^ "MATLAB Builder JA" (http://www.mathworks.com/products/javabuilder/).
34.
^ "MathWorks Software Licenses Probed by EU Antitrust Regulators"
(http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2012-03-01/mathworks-software-licenses-
probed-by-eu-antitrust-regulators.html). Bloomberg news. 2012-03-01.
35.
^ Stefan Steinhaus (February 24, 2008). "Comparison of mathematical programs
for data analysis" (http://www.scientificweb.de/ncrunch/).
36.
^ Cleve Moler (J anuary 2006). "The Growth of MATLAB and The MathWorks
over Two Decades" (http://www.mathworks.com/company/newsletters/articles
/the-growth-of-matlab-and-the-mathworks-over-two-decades.html). News & Notes
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References
Gilat, Amos (2004). MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications 2nd Edition. J ohn Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-0-471-69420-5.
Quarteroni, Alfio; Fausto Saleri (2006). Scientific Computing with MATLAB and Octave. Springer. ISBN 978-3-540-32612-0.
Ferreira, A.J .M. (2009). MATLAB Codes for Finite Element Analysis. Springer. ISBN 978-1-4020-9199-5.
Lynch, Stephen (2004). Dynamical Systems with Applications using MATLAB. Birkhuser. ISBN 978-0-8176-4321-8.
External links
Hazewinkel, Michiel, ed. (2001), "Linear algebra software packages" (http://www.encyclopediaofmath.org/index.php?title=p/l120110), Encyclopedia of
Mathematics, Springer, ISBN 978-1-55608-010-4
MATLAB overview (http://www.mathworks.com/products/matlab/), at the MathWorks website
PlatformRoad Map (http://www.mathworks.com/support/sysreq/roadmap.html), at the MathWorks website.
SystemRequirements (http://www.mathworks.com/support/sysreq/current_release/), at the MathWorks website.
MATLAB Central File Exchange (http://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/fileexchange/) Library of over 18,000 user-contributed MATLAB files and
toolboxes, mostly distributed under BSD License.
MATLAB (http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Math/Software/MATLAB/) at DMOZ
MATLAB Central Newsreader (http://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/newsreader/) a web-based newsgroups reader hosted by MathWorks for
comp.soft-sys.matlab (news://comp.soft-sys.matlab)
LiteratePrograms (MATLAB) (http://en.literateprograms.org/Category:Programming_language:Matlab)
MATLAB Central Blogs (http://blogs.mathworks.com/)
Physical Modeling in MATLAB (http://greenteapress.com/matlab/) by Allen B. Downey, Green Tea Press, PDF (http://greenteapress.com/matlab
/downey08matlab.pdf), ISBN 978-0-615-18550-7. An introduction to MATLAB.
Writing Fast MATLAB Code (http://www.getreuer.info/matopt.pdf) by Pascal Getreuer
Calling MATLAB fromJ ava: MatlabControl J MI Wrapper, The MatlabJ ava Server, MatlabControl (http://www.cs.virginia.edu/~whitehouse/matlab
/J avaMatlab.html)
International Online Workshop on MATLAB and Simulink (http://www.iowms.in) by WorldServe Education
MATLAB tag (http://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/matlab) on Stack Overflow.
MATLAB Answers (http://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/answers/) a collaborative environment for finding the best answers to your questions about
MATLAB, Simulink, and related products.
Cody (http://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/cody) a MATLAB Central game that challenges and expands your knowledge of MATLAB.
MATLAB Online Programming Contest (http://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/contest/)
Trendy (http://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/trendy) a MATLAB based web service for tracking and plotting trends.
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