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Optionally, the PCS-931 incorporates two sets of CT input for
dual-breaker application. The dual-breaker failure protection,
dual-breaker auto-reclosing and stub protection are integrated
for one-and-a-half breaker and ring breaker arrangements. To
enhance the accuracy of data sampling, the frequency-tracking
function is used to trace the real-time current/voltage value. The
PCS-931 adopts the advanced UAPC multi-processor platform
which is fully complied with IEC 61850. It provides the interfaces
for station bus and process bus respectively and supports IEC
61850-8-1 MMS, GOOSE, IEC 61850-9-2 Sampling Value. And
it provides the RJ-45 front port for testing and setting to make
commissioning and maintenance easier.
Functions
Protection and Control
Phase-segregated current differential protection. (87)
Dynamic charging current compensation technology and CT
saturation detection are integrated to realize a combination
of both sensitivity and security of current differential protec-
tion.
Zero sequence current differential protection. (87)
Zero sequence current differential protection integrates the
dynamic charging current compensation technology and CT
saturation detection, aiming at quickly detecting and clearing
the ground fault.
DPFC differential protection. (87)
Functional Block Diagram
The PCS-931 relay provides a full-scheme numerical
line protection with phase-segregated current differential
protection, zero sequence current differential protection,
stepped distance protection, current protection and voltage
protection with single and/or three pole tripping and auto-
reclosing. It introduces an extensive functional library,
programmable logic and configurable I/O, intending for
the use on overhead lines and underground cables of all
voltage levels, including series compensated lines, double-
circuit lines, three-terminal lines, heavily loaded lines, weak
infeed (WI), short lines and extremely long lines. An extra
communication port is optional to provide dual protection
channels for three-terminal application and redundant
application. The PCS-931 adopts a wide range of innovative
patented technologies, such as DPFC (Deviation Power
Frequency Component) distance protection and unique
power swing blocking logic, to guarantee accurate and
reliable operations.
Line Differential Relay
Deviation of Power Frequency Component (DPFC) differen-
tial current protection is sensitive to high resistance fault and
is immune to load current variation.
DPFC distance protection. (21D)
Innovative Deviation of Power Frequency Component(DPFC)
distance protection can quickly clear faults.
Four zones of phase-to-phase distance protection. (21P)
Four zones of phase-to-phase distance protection integrates
the memorized positive sequence voltage polarization, di-
rection characteristic, load blinder and unique low-voltage
distance element. The fourth zone is the reversal directional
protection. Mho and quadrilateral characteristics are pro-
vided for selection.
Four zones of phase-to-ground distance protection. (21G)
Four zones of phase-to-ground distance protection inte-
grates the memorized positive sequence voltage polariza-
tion, reactance characteristic, direction characteristic, load
blinder and unique low-voltage distance element. The fourth
zone is the reversal directional protection. Mho and quadri-
lateral characteristics are provided for selection.
Four stages of directional phase overcurrent protection. (67P,
50/51P)
Overcurrent protection can be supervised by voltage ele-
ment and directional element. IDMT curves complied with
IEC and ANSI standard are present for selection.
Four stages of directional zero sequence overcurrent protec-
tion. (67N, 50/51N)
PCS-931
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Overcurrent protection can be supervised by voltage ele-
ment and directional element. IDMT curves complied with
IEC and ANSI standard are present for selection.
Breaker failure protection for one or two breakers (50BF)
Breaker failure protection can be applied to one breaker and
two breakers.
Two stages of under voltage protection and two stages of
over voltage protection (27/59)
Under/over phase voltage protection and under/over (positive
sequence, negative sequence or zero sequence) voltage
protection are provided.
Four stages of underfrequency protection and four stages of
over frequency protection (81)
Frequency is calculated reference to the positive sequence
voltage. The protection can be supervised by the df/dt ele-
ment and the undervoltage element.
Stub protection for T-Zone in 3/2 breaker arrangement. (50S)
Stub protection is introduced to protect T-zone in a one-and-
a-half breaker scheme or a ring breaker scheme.
Time phase overcurrent protection during VT failure. (51P
VT)
Time phase overcurrent protection will be enabled if phase-
to-phase distance protection is blocked by VT failure.
Time zero sequence overcurrent protection during VT failure.
(51N VT)
Time zero sequence overcurrent protection will be enabled if
phase-to-ground distance protection is blocked by VT failure.
Broken conductor protection (46BC)
The ratio of negative to positive phase sequence current (2/
1) is adopted to detect the broken conduct.
Switch-onto-fault (SOTF) logic.
Switch-onto-fault logic is used to clear fault during manually-
closing and auto-reclosing.
Out-of-step tripping (78)
The out-of-step status is detected in the relay and it can be
used to trip the transmission line.
Unique power swing blocking logic. (68)
The power swing blocking logic can prevent mal-operation
during external fault a power swing and clear the internal
fault in power swing.
Thermal overload protection. (49)
The output of thermal overload protection can be set to trip-
ping or alarm.
Dead zone protection (50DZ)
It is provided to clear the dead zone fault between CT and
breaker.
Synchronism check. (25)
Synchronism check and dead bus or dead line check are
both provided for auto-reclosing.
Auto-reclosing (single and/or three-pole for one or two
breakers). (79)
Single/three pole auto-reclosing is applicable to one or two
breakers. Priority logic is integrated for use on one-and-a-
half breaker application and ring breaker application.
Voltage and current drift auto adjustment.
The relay continually and automatically traces the voltage
and current drifts and adjusts the zero point to the normal
value.
Frequency tracking.
Frequency tracking is provided to accommodate the fre-
quency shift in power system.
Monitoring and Metering
CT failure supervision.
VT failure supervision.
Tripping circuit supervision.
Self diagnostic.
Auxiliary power supervision.
Event recorder including 1024 disturbance records, 1024
binary events, 1024 supervision events and 1024 operating
logs.
Counter of circuit breaker operation (single-pole tripping,
three-pole tripping and reclosing).
Disturbance recorder including 64 disturbance records
with waveforms (The file format of disturbance recorder is
compatible with international COMTRADE fle.)
Communications
Single- or double- pilot channel based on dedicated optical
fiber or multiplex channel(C37.94 or G.703 with external
converter).
Two 10Base-T/100Base-TX (RJ45) ports and two optional
100Base-FX ports with IEC 61850-8-1 MMS and GOOSE for
non-time-critical message, IEC 60870-5-103 over TCP/IP or
DNP 3.0.
Two RS-485 rear ports with IEC 60870-5-103.
Six or Eight 100Base-FX ports with IEC 61850-9-2 Sampling
Value and GOOSE for time-critical message
One RS-485 rear port for clock synchronization
One RS-232 rear port for printer
One faceplate RJ45 port for testing and setting
Clock synchronization via Pulse-Per-Second, IRIG-B and
SNTP
Features
The PCS-931 can quickly clear the internal fault for the
whole line and the typical operation time is 10ms for a close-
in fault and 25ms for a remote fault.
The relay is based on NRs well established and proven
UAPC hardware platform with multi-processor architecture.
The multi CPU technology supports parallel operation
simultaneously.
The PCS-931 adopts high restraint factor and self-adaptive
foating restraint threshold to realize both high reliability and
sensitivity even in the CT saturation.
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auto-reclosing is integrated.
Instantaneous, definite time and inverse time (IDMT)
characteristics are available in phase overcurrent protection
and the zero sequence overcurrent protection which can
be controlled by directional protection and/or under voltage
protection through logic setting.
Three zones of forward distance element and one zone of
reverse distance element are provided.
Users can select either Mho or quadrangle with Mho
characteristics for distance protection. The load blinder
function is also integrated.
The independent phase selection element can select the
faulty phase and make a phase trip correctly, even for a high
resistance fault.
The two independent data acquisition paths can prevent any
undesired trip caused by component failure. One works as a
fault detector and the other is designed for protection and its
logic. Tripping outputs are supervised by the fault detector to
prevent any mal-operation.
Optional connector type: one is the plug in/out terminal
connector and the other is the screw terminal connector. The
unique plug in/out terminal connectors are used to connect
the rear panel to the terminal blocks on the rack or cabinet,
making on-site commissioning and replacement much easier
than using traditional screw terminals.
The relay is compatible with IEC 61850-8-1 MMS, GOOSE
and IEC 61850-9-2 Sampling Value and provides the
independent interfaces for station bus and process bus
respectively.
Technical data
Power Supply
Standard IEC 60255-11:2008
Voltage Range 88 to 300 Vdc or 88 to 264 Vac
Permissible AC ripple voltage 15% of the nominal auxiliary voltage
Burden
Quiescent condition
<30W (for conventional substation application)
<35W (for smart substation application)
Operating condition
<35W (for conventional substation application)
<40W (for smart substation application)
Analog Current
Standard IEC 60255-27:2005
Phase rotation ABC
Nominal frequency (fn) 50Hz, 60Hz
Nominal range fn5Hz
Rated Current (In) 1A 5A
Linear to 0.05I
n
~ 40I
n

Thermal withstand capability
continuously 4I
n
for 10s 30I
n
for 1s 200I
n
for half a cycle 250I
n
Burden <0.2VA/phase < 0.25VA/phase
Data exchange between PCS-931 in different substations
can be achieved by dedicated optical fber or G.703/C37.94
communication interface. Error bit statistic and loss of
communications detection are supplied to determine the
health of communication channel, measure and continuously
compensate channel delay.
The dynamic charging current compensation technology
is integrated to acquire accurate differential current for
application on long overhead lines or cables.
The CT ratio of different terminals can be regulated by
setting the relevant confgurable coeffcients in software.
The PCS-931 can receive/send the tripping commands
from/to the protection at the opposite terminal via fber optic
channel.
Each zone of phase-ground distance protection is provided
with independent zero-sequence compensation.
The sensitive DPFC distance protection is less affected by
power swing and thus is integrated to target quick clearance
of internal fault.
The patented adapti ve fl oati ng threshol d method i s
insensitive to system unbalance and disturbance. The
measuring element can achieve high security and high
speed simultaneously.
The unique built-in power swing blocking logic can properly
supervise the distance protection during a power swing. The
power swing blocking logic can prevent mal-operation for
an external fault and quickly clear the internal fault during a
power swing.
Up to four shots single and/or three pole auto-reclosing with
synchro-check and dead line/bus check are provided for
multi-breaker confguration. The priority logic of multi-breaker
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Analog Voltage
Standard IEC 60255-6, IEC60288
Phase rotation ABC
Nominal frequency (fn) 50Hz, 60Hz
Nominal range fn5Hz
Rated phase-to-phase voltage (Un) 100~130V 200V (Broken delta for residual voltage)
linear to 1~170V 1~233V
Thermal withstand capability
continuously 200V 220V
10s 260V 380V
1s 300V 420V
Burden < 0.20VA/phase @Un < 0.8VA/phase@Un
Binary Inputs
Standard IEC 60255-1:2009
Rated voltage 24V 30V 48V 110V 125V 220V 250V
Rated current 1.2mA 1.5mA 2.4mA 1.1mA 1.25mA 2.2mA 2.5mA
Pickup voltage 13V~17V 17V~21V 26V~34V 60.5V~77V 60.5V~77V 121V~154V 121V~154V
Dropout voltage 90% of pickup voltage
Maximum permissive voltage 300Vdc
Withstand 2000VAC, 2800VDC(continuously)
Resolving time for logic input <1ms
Binary Outputs
Item Tripping contact Signal contact
Output mode Potential free contact
Continuous carry
5A@250V AC
5A@250V DC
8A@380V AC
8A@250V DC
Pickup time <8ms <10ms
Drop-off time <5ms (not include delay time by software) <8ms
Short duration current
6A@3s
15A@0.5s
30A@0.1s
10A@3s
20A@0.5s
30A@0.2s
Breaking capacity (L/R=40ms)
0.6A@48VDC
0.2A@110VDC
0.1A@220VDC
0.7A@48VDC
0.3A@110VDC
0.2A@220VDC
Maximal working voltage
380V AC
250V DC
380V AC
250V DC
Test voltage across open contact 1000V RMS for 1minute 1200V RMS for 1 minute
Mechanical Specifcations
Enclosure dimensions (WHD) 482.6mm177.0mm291.0mm
Mounting Flush mounted
Trepanning dimensions (WH) 450.0mm179.0mm, M6 screw
Housing color Silver grey
Protection class: IEC 60255-1:2009
Front side IP40, up to IP51 (Flush mounted)
Other sides IP30
Rear side, connection terminals IP20
Pollution degree 2
Ambient Temperature and Humidity Range
Standard IEC 60255-1:2009
Operating temperature -40C to +70C Note: The operating temperature of LCD is -20C ~ +70C
Transport and storage temperature range -40C ~ +70C
Permissible humidity 5% ~ 95%, condensation not permissible
Altitude <3000m
Communication Port
- EIA-485 Port
Baud rate 4.8kbit/s, 9.6kbit/s, 19.2kbit/s, 38.4kbit/s, 57.6kbit/s, 115.2kbit/s
Protocol IEC 60870-5-103:1997
Maximal capacity 32
Transmission distance <500m
Safety level Isolation to ELV level
Twisted pair Screened twisted pair cable
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- Ethernet Port
Connector type RJ-45
Transmission rate 100Mbits/s
Transmission standard 10Base-T/100Base-TX
Transmission distance <100m
Protocol IEC 60870-5-103:1997 or IEC 61850
Safety level Isolation to ELV level
- Optical Fiber Port
Characteristic Plastic optical fber Glass optical fber
Terminal BFOC/2.5 (OR F-SMA) BFOC/2.5 (OR F-SMA)
Fibre size Step-index 980/1000 m Graded-index 62.5/125 m
Transmission distance Up to 40m Up to 1000m
Wave length 660nm 820nm~860nm
Transmission power Min. -7dBm Min. -16dBm
Minimum receiving power Min. -20dBm Min. -24dBm
System reserve Min +3dB Min +3dB
- Print Port
Type RS-232
Baud Rate 4.8kbit/s, 9.6kbit/s, 19.2kbit/s, 38.4kbit/s, 57.6kbit/s, 115.2kbit/s
Printer type EPSON 300K printer
Safety level Isolation to ELV level
- Clock Synchronization Port
Type RS-485
Transmission distance <500m
Maximal capacity 32
Timing standard PPS, IRIG-B
Safety level Isolation to ELV level
Type Test
- Environmental tests
Dry cold test Per IEC60068-2-1:2007
Dry heat test Per IEC60068-2-2:2007
Damp heat test, cyclic Per IEC60068-2-30:2005
- Mechanical tests
Vibration Per IEC 60255-21-1:1988 Class I
Shock and bump Per IEC 60255-21-2:1988 Class I
- Electrical tests
Standard IEC 60255-27:2005
Dielectric tests Test voltage 2kV, 50Hz, 1min
Standard IEC 60255-5:2000
Impulse voltage tests Test voltage 5kV
Overvoltage category III
Insulation resistance measurements Isolation resistance >100M@500VDC
- Electromagnetic Compatibility
1MHz burst disturbance test
Per IEC 60255-22-1:2007
Common mode: class III 2.5kV
Differential mode: class III 1.0kV
Electrostatic discharge test
Per IEC60255-22-2:2008 class IV
For contact discharge: 8kV
For air discharge: 15kV
Radio frequency interference tests
Per IEC 60255-22-3:2007 class III
Frequency sweep
Radiated amplitude-modulated
10V/m (rms), f=801000MHz
Spot frequency
Radiated amplitude-modulated
10V/m (rms), f=80MHz/160MHz/450MHz/900MHz
Radiated pulse-modulated
10V/m (rms), f=900MHz
Fast transient disturbance tests
Per IEC 60255-22-4:2008
Power supply, I/O, Earth: class IV, 4kV, 2.5kHz, 5/50ns
Communication terminals: class IV, 2kV, 5kHz, 5/50ns
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Surge immunity test
Per IEC 60255-22-5:2008
Power supply, AC input, I/O port: class IV, 1.2/50us
Common mode: 4kV
Differential mode: 2kV
Conducted RF Electromagnetic Disturbance
Per IEC 60255-22-6:2001
Power supply, AC, I/O, Comm. Terminal: Class III, 10Vrms, 150 kHz~80MHz
Power Frequency Magnetic Field Immunity
Per IEC 61000-4-8:2001
class V, 100A/m for 1min, 1000A/m for 3s
Pulse Magnetic Field Immunity
Per IEC 61000-4-9:2001
class V, 6.4/16s, 1000A/m for 3s
Damped oscillatory magnetic feld immunity
IEC 61000-4-10:2001
class V, 100kHz & 1MHz100A/m
Auxiliary power supply performance
IEC60255-11: 2008
Voltage dips: Up to 300ms for dips to 40% of rated voltage without reset
Voltage short interruptions: 100ms for interruption without rebooting